SOME OF PHENOTYPIC, PHYSICAL AND ANATOMICAL WOOD PROPERTIES OF VALONIA OAK TREES IN KURDISTAN-IRAQ

This study was aimed to investigate the morphologic, macroscopic, and microscopic description with the paper pulp quality index was determined to facilitate its increased use and to analyze the variation of wood properties. Among different morphological characteristics Q. aegilops registered mean height (13.63 m) and diameter (26.04 cm), while bark thickness represented from 7.2 to 15.6mm. Average bark and wood percent was noticed (8.22%) and (91.78%) of the total volume, with annual ring growth width (3.17mm) that considered a slow-growing species. The highest heartwood proportion of stem volume was 75.32% and the lowest 42.01% with a mean of 61.46%. The sapwood proportion ranged between 23.68 and 57.99% with a mean of 38.54%. While the values of anatomical properties were: The mean values of fiber length, fiber diameter, double cell wall thickness, and fiber lumen width were 1.01mm, 15.54µm, 6.288µm, and 9.25µm respectively. Moreover, the mean values of vessel length and vessel diameters were 0.54mm and 179.80µm respectively. Significant differences were found in the pulpwood quality indices for the paper samples, the means value of the runkel index was 0.86, while, slenderness index was 68.84, the coefficient of flexibility was 0.57, and the average value of the stiffness coefficient was 0.421. The fibers length more than1mm and cell well is thick accordingly are classified as good for paper. Based on its morphological and physical properties, Q. aegilops wood can be used in various wood manufactures. Based on the anatomical properties and pulp quality indices, this wood could be used to obtain cellulose pulp for paper production.

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POTRET PERILAKU RELIGIUS MAHASISWA UIN SAYARIF HIDAYATULLAH JAKARTA

Al-Risalah ◽

10.34005/alrisalah.v8i2.376 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 126-148

Author(s):

Ay Maryani

Keyword(s):

Religious Behavior ◽

Male And Female ◽

Mean Values ◽

Significance Level ◽

Average Value ◽

Environment Variable ◽

Independent Variable ◽

The Mean ◽

Gender Factor ◽

Level 2

This study describes the religious behavior of UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta students. The variables used are internal and external environment as independent variable and religious behavior as dependent variable. The internal environment variable consists of gender factor, (male and female). The external environmental variables comprise the faculty environment, the present resident and the place to grow. The present resident consist of dormitories, boarding houses and parents' homes and the place to grow consist of urban and rural environment. Religious behavior variables consist of habluminallah behavior and habluminannas behavior. Habluminallah's behavior measured by (1) knowledge of faith and worship, (2) attitudes toward faith and worship, and (3) practice of faith and worship. The habluminannas variable measured by (1) Islamic behavior for them self, like honest, discipline and good work / studyethics, trust and concern on legality, (2) Islamic behavior with others, like generous, cooperation, caring, respect to the people's rights and tolerance and (3) Islamic behavior for the natural surroundings, like love of nature and nature conservation efforts. The methodology used was (1) Statistical descriptive, (2) MANOVA (Multivariate Analysis of Variance) and (3) Independent sample t-test. The results showed the religious behavior UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta students has a very good category. This is indicated by the mean values for the behavior of haluminallah and habluminannas of 158.85 and 178.76, espectively. The average value of habluminallah behaviour in the range of values "145-180" with the category of "very good" and habluminannas behavior in the range value "165-205" with the category "very good. Habluminallah and habluminannas behavior are different for each faculty. This is indicated by the significance level of Pillai Trace, Wilk Lambda, Hotelling Trace, Roy's Largest Root of 0.00 (<0.05). Habluminallah and habluminannas behavior are the same for respondents who live in dormitories, boarding houses, and parents' homes. This is indicated by the value of F test and significance at Wilk's Lambda respectively for 2.055 and 0.085 (>0.05). Habluminallah and habluminannas behaviors are similar for urban and rural respondents. This is known from the sig level. (2-tailed) for habluminallah and habluminannas behavior of 0.317 and 0.245 (> 0.05), respectively. Habluminallah and habluminannas behaviors are similar for male and female. This is known from the sig level. (2-tailed) for habluminallah and habluminannas behavior of 0.950 and 0.307 (> 0.05),respectively. The results of this study are expected to be used to develop university policies that can enhance the Islamic values of UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta.

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The Quality Assessment of Stored Red Blood Cells Probed Using Atomic-Force Microscopy

Anatomy Research International ◽

10.1155/2014/869683 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

pp. 1-5 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

I. M. Lamzin ◽

R. M. Khayrullin

Keyword(s):

Red Blood Cells ◽

Blood Cells ◽

Morphological Characteristics ◽

High Increase ◽

Mean Values ◽

Force Microscopy ◽

Atomic Force ◽

The Mean ◽

The Moment

At the moment the suitability of stored red blood cells (sRBC) for transfusion is checked by routine methods such as haemoglobin estimation and the level of haemolysis. These methods cannot characterize directly the quality of the membranes of sRBC. The aim of this work is to assess the quality of sRBC based on such criteria as the membrane’s stiffness and the size and the form of sRBC. Materials and Methods. We have investigated 5 series of dry cytosmears of the sRBC which had been kept in blood bank in a period from 1 to 35 days. After AFM imaging, in every specimen, 5 RBC were chosen at random; the diameter, the height, and the stiffness were measured on each of them. Results. The present study shows high increase of the mean values of YM and height of RBC after 35 days of storage and decrease of the mean values of their diameter. Conclusion. Statistically significant high increase of the mean values of YM indicates the decrease of the elasticity of the cells in the course of storing of the RBC. This parameter along with the morphological characteristics can be used as criterion for assessment of applicability of the sRBC for blood transfusion.

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The analysis of temperature fluctuations by pulse-counting techniques

Journal of Fluid Mechanics ◽

10.1017/s002211205900060x ◽

1959 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 261-271 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

A. A. Townsend

Keyword(s):

Time Derivative ◽

Temperature Fluctuations ◽

Mean Value ◽

Time Intervals ◽

Mean Values ◽

Average Value ◽

Electrical Pulses ◽

The Mean ◽

The Stability ◽

Better Than

To determine experimentally the mean value of a randomly fluctuating quantity, it may be necessary to measure the average value over a considerable interval of time. This problem arose in a recent study of the temperature fluctuations over a heated horizontal plate, and a system was used that depended on the counting of electrical pulses generated at a rate proportional to the quantity being measured. The advantage of this technique is that mean values may be measured over time intervals of almost unlimited length with little added difficulty for the experimenter. Circuits are described which measure: (a) the mean square of a fluctuating quantity and of its time-derivative, (b) the statistical distribution of the fluctuations, (c) the mean frequency of the fluctuation assuming a particular value, and (d) the mean product of two fluctuating quantities. Over the range of use, the stability and linearity of the calibrations is better than 1%, more than sufficient for work on natural convection. In its present form, the equipment responds uniformly to all frequencies below 100 c/s, but it would not be difficult to extend this range of response to higher frequencies.

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Comparative analysis of morphological characteristics of beech leaves from the European provenance trial

Glasnik Sumarskog fakulteta ◽

10.2298/gsf1919145n ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 145-174

Author(s):

Marina Nonic ◽

Dijana Cortan ◽

Tatjana Batalo ◽

Mirjana Sijacic-Nikolic

Keyword(s):

Comparative Analysis ◽

Genetic Variability ◽

Morphological Characteristics ◽

Climatic Conditions ◽

Genetic Constitution ◽

Provenance Trial ◽

Morphological Markers ◽

Mean Values ◽

Leaf Characteristics ◽

The Mean

The paper presents the results of the research conducted within the European provenance beech trial, in the Teaching Base of the Faculty of Forestry - Debeli Lug. To assess the inter- -provenance genetic variability of beech, using morphological markers, and comparative analysis of the results obtained in two successive years, 10 trees per each selected provenance were sampled. Thirty leaves were collected from each tree (total of 300 leaves per provenance per year). The inter-provenance differences of all morphological leaf characteristics were statistically significant and can be assumed to be the result of the genetic constitution of the provenances themselves. Based on the comparative analysis of the morphological characteristics of beech leaves from 13 different provenances in two research years, it was found that the mean values of most analyzed morphological characteristics were higher in 2017, compared to the results from 2016. Such results could be explained by the different climatic conditions that prevailed in the provenance trial in research years.

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Variation pattern of particulate organic carbon and nitrogen in oceans and inland waters

10.5194/bg-2017-68 ◽

2017 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Changchun Huang ◽

Lin Yao ◽

Hao Yang ◽

Chen Lin ◽

Tao Huang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Organic Carbon ◽

Particulate Organic Carbon ◽

Inland Waters ◽

Mean Values ◽

Inland Water ◽

Carbon And Nitrogen ◽

Average Value ◽

The Mean ◽

The Relationship ◽

Global Carbon

Abstract. We examined the relationship between, and variations in, particulate organic carbon (POC) and particulate organic nitrogen (PON) based on previously acquired ocean and inland water data. Some new points were found beside the traditional latitude, depth and temperature dependence of POC, PON and POC/PON. The global average value of POC/PON (7.54±3.82) is higher than the Redfield ratio (6.63). The mean values of POC/PON in south and north hemisphere are 7.40±3.83 and 7.80±3.92, respectively. The high values of POC/PON appeared between 80° N~90° N (12.2±7.5) and 70° N~80° N (9.4±6.4), and relatively low POC/PON were found from 20 °N (6.6±2.8) to 40 °N (6.7±2.7). The latitudinal dependency of POC/PON in the northern hemisphere is much stronger than in the southern hemisphere. Variations of POC/PON in inland water also showed similar latitude-dependency of POC/PON in ocean water, but significantly regulated by lake’s morphology, trophic state and climate, etc. factors. Higher POC and PON could be expected in the coastal water, while POC/PON significantly increased from 6.89±2.38 to 7.59±4.22 in north hemisphere with the increasing rate of 0.0024/km. The coupling relationship between POC and PON in oceans is much stronger than in inland waters. Variations in POC, PON and POC/PON in inland waters should receive more attention due to the importance of these values to global carbon and nitrogen cycles and the indeterminacy of the relationship between POC and PON.

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Reproductive biology of Pêga Jackasses: characteristics of sperm-rich fraction collected using the split-ejaculate method

Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia ◽

10.1590/1678-4162-7939 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 68 (4) ◽

pp. 832-838

Author(s):

L.E. Carvalho ◽

J.M. Silva Filho ◽

M.S. Palhares ◽

A.L.R. Sales ◽

A.T. Gonczarowska ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sperm Concentration ◽

Morphological Characteristics ◽

High Quality ◽

Open Model ◽

Mean Values ◽

Normal Sperm ◽

Semen Volume ◽

The Mean ◽

Semen Processing ◽

Artificial Vagina

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to evaluate the physical and morphological characteristics of the sperm-rich fraction of jackass semen. To this end, 130 ejaculates from five Pêga jackasses were collected using an open model artificial vagina. The sperm-rich fraction was collected using the split-ejaculate method and assessed for the number of mounts/ejaculate, for physical and morphological characteristics of the semen and number of doses produced/ejaculate. It was observed that all characteristics evaluated differed among the five jackasses, except for the head defect rates. The mean values obtained for the jackass sperm-rich fraction collected were: number of mounts/ejaculate - 1.27; semen volume - 20.21mL; motility - 84.53%; vigor - 4.46; motility after dilution - 80.10%; sperm concentration/mL - 894.38 x 106; total sperm/ejaculate - 16.14 x 109; number of insemination doses/ejaculate (400x106 motile sptz) - 33.39; number of insemination doses/ejaculate (800 x 106 motile sptz) - 16.69; and percentage of normal sperm - 90.46%. Thus, in the present experiment the split-ejaculate method using an open artificial vagina worked well with the jackasses, and the sperm-rich fraction of the ejaculate of Pêga jackasses had high quality and sperm concentration, allowing its use for semen processing without reducing the number of insemination doses produced per ejaculate.

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Chemical Properties of Buriganga and Turag River Water

Journal of Environmental Science and Natural Resources ◽

10.3329/jesnr.v9i2.32136 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 9-14

Author(s):

N Nawshin ◽

N Sultana ◽

MAH Chowdhury ◽

MA Baten

Keyword(s):

River Water ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Average Concentration ◽

Mean Values ◽

Average Value ◽

Cr Content ◽

Metal Contents ◽

Moderate Salinity ◽

The Mean ◽

Buriganga River

The present study was undertaken to evaluate the chemical properties of Buriganga and Turag river water, Bangladesh. Water samples were collected from 15 locations of each river from January to February, 2016 to analyze chemical properties, which includes: pH, EC, TDS, DO, cations ( Na+, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+), Anions (Cl-, HCO3-, SO42-, CO3-, PO43-) and heavy metal contents (Pb, Cd, Ni, Cr, As, Zn, Cu). The average value of pH was 8.47 and 8.41 in Buriganga and Turag water indicating moderate alkalinity. The average values of EC content of Buriganga and Turag river water were 327 and 272 ?S cm-1 indicating low to moderate salinity. The mean values of TDS and DO content were 1468.4 and 2.93 mg L-1 in Buriganga river water and 1202 and 3.91 mg L-1 in Turag river water, respectively. Average concentration of Pb, Cd, Ni, Cr, As, Zn, and Cu found in Buriganga and Turag river water were 0.068, 0.016, 0.081, 0.237, 0.006, 0.473, 0.19 mg L-1 and 0.012, 0.021, 0.015, 0.034, 0.002, 0.075, 0.014 mg L-1, respectively. From the study it is found that the value of Pb, Cd and Cr content in Buriganga and Cr content in Turag river water exceeded the standard limits of DoE and WHO. Therefore, Government and local people should take some effective measures to control the pollution of Buriganga and Turag river.J. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 9(2): 9-14 2016

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Does the Platelet Index Have a Guiding Role in the Association of Cancer and Pulmonary Thromboembolism?

10.30699/mci.4.2.6 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 6-14

Author(s):

Ramazan Öcal ◽

Nesrin Öcal

Keyword(s):

Cancer Patients ◽

Troponin I ◽

Pulmonary Thromboembolism ◽

Morphological Characteristics ◽

Distribution Width ◽

Mean Values ◽

Platelet Counts ◽

Patients With Cancer ◽

The Mean ◽

D Dimer

Introduction: The diagnostic value of the D-dimer test varies with variable platelet numbers and functions in patients suffering from cancer and concomitant pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE). This requires easy and reliable evaluation tests. In this study, we aimed to investigate the hypothesis that platelet functions may be more guiding in the prediction and diagnosis of PTE rather than the number of platelets in cancer pa- tients. Methods: The clinical, laboratory and radiological findings of all patients diagnosed with PTE were retrieved, retrospectively. Comparisons were performed between “can- cer-free” and “cancer” patients. The patients were also evaluated according to their active and remission status. Results: The data of 232 patients with PTE were reviewed. 172 patients were cancer- free and 60 were diagnosed with cancer. The mean values of D-dimer, mean platelet volume (MPV) and platelet distribution width (PDW) were found to be significantly higher in patients with cancer (P=0.015, P=0.026, and P=0.023; respectively). On the other hand, mean platelet counts were significantly higher in patients without cancer (P=0.05). It was also observed that the mean values of D-dimer, Troponin-I, MPV, and PDW were found to be significantly higher in patients with active cancer (P=0.05, P=0.044, P=0.05, and P=0.042; respectively). However, the mean platelet counts were significantly higher in patients with cancer who were in remission (P=0.05). Conclusions: The morphological characteristics of the platelets are more determinant than the number of platelets in cancer patients with PTE. Platelet indexes such as MPV and PDW may be useful in the prediction, diagnosis, and follow-up of PTE in patients with cancer.

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Cost of hospitalizations for stroke in the elderly in Brazil, 2008-2019: a time series study.

10.5327/1516-3180.096 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Leonardo Feitosa da Silva ◽

Thiago Cavalcanti Leal ◽

João Paulo Silva de Paiva ◽

Gibson Barros de Almeida Santana ◽

Lucas Gomes Santos ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Time Series ◽

Hospital Admissions ◽

The Elderly ◽

Annual Percent Change ◽

Mean Values ◽

Significance Level ◽

Average Value ◽

The Mean ◽

Care Costs ◽

Series Study

Background: Stroke is the second leading cause of death in the world, causing thousands of hospital admissions and whose morbidity and health care costs are high. Objectives: To analyze the temporal behavior of hospitalization of elderly people due to stroke in Brazil, regions and Federation Units (UF), 2008- 2019. Design and setting: Ecological study. The space units were Brazil, its regions and Federation Units. Methods: Data were collected on the DATASUS online platform: number of admissions, number of Hospitalization Authorizations approved (AIH), total AIH value (R$), average AIH value (R$), and average value hospitalizations (R$). Was used the joinpoint regression model to calculate the Annual Percentage Change (APC) and the Average Annual Percent Change (AAPC) with 95% confidence interval and a 5% significance level. Results: Approximately 1.4 million hospitalizations were identified in Brazil, with a total cost of R$ 1.6 billion reais and an average of 1.1 thousand reais. The Southeast region stood out in the number of hospitalizations (n = 574399; 42.1%), approved AIH (n = 574625; 42.1%) and total amount (R $ 677,444,257.54; 43.4%). Throughout the time series, the number of hospitalizations increased by 52.3% and the number of approved AIH increased by 52.4%. The mean values of hospitalizations and AIH increased, respectively, 55.4% (AAPC: 3.9; CI: 3.2; 4.5) and 55.3% (AAPC: 3.9; CI: 3, 2; 4.5), while the total value of hospitalizations increased by 134.9% (AAPC 8.0; CI: 6.9; 9.1). Conclusions: There was an increase in variables related to hospitalization and stroke costs in the elderly in Brazil.

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Effect of site conditions on the properties of hawthorn (Crataegus azarolus L.) wood

Journal of Forest Science ◽

10.17221/125/2020-jfs ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 67 (No. 3) ◽

pp. 113-124

Author(s):

Noorollah Nazari ◽

Mohsen Bahmani ◽

Saleh Kahyani ◽

Miha Humar

Keyword(s):

Cell Wall ◽

Wall Thickness ◽

Fibre Diameter ◽

Fibre Length ◽

Wood Properties ◽

Site Conditions ◽

Mean Values ◽

Zagros Forests ◽

The Mean ◽

Altitude Level

This study investigated the influence of site conditions on the physical and morphological properties of hawthorn (Crataegus azarolus L.) wood grown in Zagros forests of Iran. Hawthorn is a valuable woody species in Iran’s Zagros forests with data deficiency in its wood properties. To our best knowledge, there is no study on the properties of hawthorn wood. Twenty-seven mature trees were randomly chosen and sampled at three altitude levels (1 800–2 000, 2 000–2 200, and 2 200–2 400 m) in the Bazoft region of Chaharmahal Va Bakhtiari, Iran. Dry wood density, volumetric shrinkage, fibre length, fibre diameter, cell wall thickness were then determined. Multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) was conducted to evaluate significant differences between the mean values of studied wood properties at different altitude levels and slope classes. Moreover, the relationships between the above-mentioned properties and some site conditions (temperature, precipitation, altitude, and slope) as well as growth parameters of trees (tree height, DBH, age, crown dimensions, volume, etc.) were studied by principal component analysis (PCA). The results indicated that trees growing at the second altitude level had the highest oven-dry density values, and those at the third altitude level had the lowest ones. Results also indicated a significant effect of altitude levels on fibre length, fibre diameter, and cell wall thickness. In contrast, a significant difference was found between the mean values of fibre diameter at different slope classes. PCA indicated that altitude, precipitation, and temperature are the most important environmental site variables affecting the wood characteristics.

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