scholarly journals URINARY TRACT INFECTION IN PEDIATRIC PATIENTS : STUDY IN TERTIARY CARE CENTRE IN BIHAR

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Kumar Arpit ◽  
Alka Singh
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
High Power ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
High Power Field ◽  
Efficient Treatment ◽  
Presenting Symptoms ◽  
Sensitivity Pattern

Introduction: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the most common bacterial infections seen in patient. Neonates, girls, young women, and older men are most susceptible to UTIs. Around 1% of boys and 5% of girls develop UTI during first ten years of life. Gram negative enteric bacilli, especially Escherichia coli and Klebsiella spp. are the leading pathogens though Enterococcus spp., yeasts and Staphylococcus aureus have emerged as prominent agents in recent years, many of them resistant to multiple antibiotics. The diagnosis of UTI in children possess a big challenge to the clinicians and several reasons have been responsible for the difficulties in establishing the diagnosis of UTI in children include; non-specific clinical presentation and the difficulty in getting urine sample for laboratory investigations. This study aims at finding the prevalence of UTI, describing presenting symptoms and the proportion found to have a UTI when urine samples were systematically requested from all eligible children. This study also assessed the magnitude of UTI among febrile children. Material and methods: Present study was carried out in pediatric department of NMCH, Patna from November 2017 to October 2018. During this period 400 pediatric patients (1 month -12 years) who presented in OPD or who were admitted in ward with complaint of fever or any urinary symptom were included in this study. Microscopy was done to detect pyuria (> 10pus cell/high power field), bacteriuria, haematuria or candidiuria of well mixed un-centrifuged urine samples. A specimen was considered positive if a single organism was isolated at a concentration greater than 10 5CFU/mL and associated with microscopy findings of greater than 10pus cell/ high power field. Result: Out of 400 these patients, 230 were males and 170 were female children. Significant bacteriuria was found in 96 cases, 42 males and 54 females. Fever was the most common consistent symptom present in 107 (70.8%) patients with UTI. Other physical findings in our study which were predominant after fever were dysuria (40.6%), Burning micturition (26.04%) and abdominal pain (21.76%). Our study showed UTI was more common in females than male patients. The ratio of female: males in over study were 1.3:1. Prevalence of E.coli and Klebsiella was high in girls. Although E. coli, Klebsiella were the principal uropathogens in our study, there were other pathogens of our interest due to their resistance pattern like, Pseudomonas, Proteus, Staphylococcus, Acinetobacter and Enterobacter. Resistance in these pathogen was as high as E.coli and klebsiella. Proteus was the third most common isolates in our study occupying 10.41% of all isolates which was well justified by other study. [14, 15, 16] Pseudomonas was isolated in 8.33% of UTI cases. This high prevalence of pseudomonas in comparison to may be due to inclusion of admitted patients. Conclusion: UTI has significant prevalance in pediatric age group in our region. Fever along with dysuria is most common presentation of UTI. Culture sensitivity pattern must be done for efficient treatment of UTI. Resistance among organism causing UTI keeps on changing with time. In case of admitted patient psuodomonas and other virulent organism must be taken into account before starting antibiotic therapy. It is important for clinician in order to facilitate the empiric treatment of patients and management of patients with symptoms of UTIs. Moreover, the data would also help to formulate antibiotic prescription policies.

scholarly journals Antibiotic sensitivity pattern of bacterial isolates from urine samples of admitted patients with urinary tract infection in a tertiary care teaching hospital of Tripura, India: a hospital record based study

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 585
Author(s):  
Uttam K. Das ◽  
Prithul Bhattacharjee ◽  
Shubhaleena Debnath ◽  
Maitrayee Chakraborty ◽  
Ranjib Ghosh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Hospital Record ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Sensitivity Pattern

Background: Urinary tract infection (UTI) being one of the most common and a serious health problem both in the community and hospital settings each year worldwide, the emergence of antibiotic resistance in the management of UTI is a serious public health issue. The present study will analyse the antimicrobial sensitivity pattern of pathogens isolated from the urine samples of admitted patients suffering from UTI in Tripura Medical College and Dr. B.R. Ambedkar Memorial Teaching Hospital (TMC).Methods: This was a hospital record-based study. The urine samples of clinically diagnosed UTI patients admitted in various departments of the hospital during the study period were included. The reports of culture and sensitivity testing of the samples were collected. The results were interpreted according to the guidelines of the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI).Results: During the 12-month study period, a total of 752 urine samples were analysed. Enterococcus (43.75%) was the most frequently isolated bacteria, followed by E. coli (28.45%) and Klebsiella (14.89%). Enterococcus was highly sensitive (p<0.001) to vancomycin (95.33%), E. coli was mostly sensitive to nitrofurantoin (83.65%) and Klebsiella mainly sensitive to imipenem (75.49%).Conclusions: The study showed that positive urine culture with the antibiotic sensitivity of the isolates is very important for antimicrobial therapy, as antibiotic resistance is a worldwide problem which causes ineffectiveness of treatment.

scholarly journals Bacterial Isolates and Antibiotic Sensitivity Pattern from Urinary Tract Infection in a Private Diagnostic Laboratory in Dhaka, Bangladesh

2020 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 56-60
Author(s):  
Md Habibur Rahman ◽  
Md Mushtaque Ahmed ◽  
Dayanidhi Sarkar ◽  
Md Asadur Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Standard Procedure ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Diagnostic Laboratory ◽  
Sensitivity Pattern ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility Test

Urinary tract infection (UTI) is a common infection encountered by clinicians and despite the widespread availability of antimicrobial agents, UTI has become difficult to treat because of appearance pathogens with increasing resistance to antimicrobial agents. The objectives of this study were to determine the pathogens causing UTI and to determine the antibiotic sensitivity status among these isolates in a diagnostic laboratory in Dhaka city. A laboratory based cross sectional survey was conducted in a diagnostic Centre in Dhaka Bangladesh from July 2016 to December 2016. A total of 553 urine samples were collected from each patients and processed in microbiology laboratory to isolate pathogens and antibiotic susceptibility test using standard procedure. Among 553 urine samples, 158 (28.57%) samples was found to be culture positive of which 39 (24.70%) were isolated from male patients and 119 (75.30%) from female patients. Escherichia coli (43.67%) were found to be the predominant pathogen followed by Staphylococcus spp. (16.45%), Enterococcus spp. (13.39%), Klebsiella spp. (13.29%), Candida spp. (5.70%), Acinetobacter spp. (4.43%), Pseudomonas spp. (3.80%) and Proteus spp. (1.27%). The carbapenem group antibiotics (imipenem and meropenem) was found to be resistant in 0 to 5.1% of the Gram negative isolates. On the Other hand, most of the Gram positive isolates showed sensitivity to linezolid and vancomycin. This study showed that E. coli isolates were the predominant pathogens and showed resistance to commonly prescribed drugs resulting in a very few options for drug to treat UTIs. Bangladesh J Microbiol, Volume 37 Number 2 December 2020, pp 56-60

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Sensitivity Pattern of Bacterial Pathogens Associated with Urinary Tract Infection

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 57-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nayareen Akhtar ◽  
Rezwanur Rahman ◽  
Shahin Sultana ◽  
Md Rezwanur Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Antimicrobial Sensitivity ◽  
Sensitivity Pattern ◽  
The Common ◽  
A Prospective Study

Correction: On 10th August 2017 due to typographical errors, the period of the study was changed from May 2016 to June 2017 and the caption of the red segment in Figure 1 was changed from No UTI, 41% to UTI, 59%Background: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the common bacterial infections in mankind. The changing antimicrobial sensitivity in UTI demands use of appropriate antibiotics.Objective: This study was conducted to determine the distribution and antimicrobial susceptibility of uropathogens.Materials and method: This was a prospective study conducted in Bangladesh Medical College & Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh between May 2016 and June 2017 to identify the organisms causing UTI and their antibiotic susceptibility. Clean catch midstream urine samples were collected from 95 patients presenting with symptoms of UTI. Antimicrobial susceptibility was performed by disc diffusion method.Results: Out of 95 urine samples, 56 (58.9%) were found positive. The prevalence was significantly higher in females than in males (females: 58.9%; males: 41%). Age group of >48 years showed higher prevalence of UTI. The most common organisms isolated were Escherichia coli, Klebsiella, Pseudomonas, Proteus and Staphylococcus aureus. These represented 44.6%, 21.4%, 14.3%, 12.5%, and 7.14% of isolates respectively. Imipenem and Meropenem were found the most susceptible drug against isolated uropathogens.Conclusion: Most powerful antibiotics in our study were imipenem and meropenem. In conclusion, one can truly affirm that the choice of drugs in the treatment of UTI is becoming quite narrow today due to the wide scale resistance that the common UTI pathogens show to drugs which have been used previously.Delta Med Col J. Jul 2017 5(2): 57-62

Study of Bacterial Pathogens in Urinary Tract Infection and their Antimicrobial Sensitivity Pattern

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 40-44
Author(s):  
Rezina Parveen ◽  
Ina Rahim
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Antimicrobial Sensitivity ◽  
Sensitivity Pattern ◽  
Patient Department

Background: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the most common bacterial infections in Bangladesh. Antimicrobial agents are used for its treatment. The increase in antibiotic resistance among uropathogens is a global problem.Objective: This study was designed to find out the prevalence of UTI, its causative agents and their antimicrobial susceptibility patterns among suspected patients of UTI attending Dhaka Dental College Hospital, Dhaka.Methodology: This cross-sectional study was carried out in Dhaka Dental College Hospital, Dhaka during the period of November 2014 to May 2017. Clinically diagnosed cases of UTI irrespective of age and sex from out-patient department and in-patient department were selected for the purpose of the study. For culture, the urine samples were inoculated on 5% sheep blood agar and MacConkey’s agar media using calibrated loop following standard bacteriological technique. After the incubation period, the plate were examined for bacterial pathogen. The disk diffusion method (Kirby Bauer’s) was used to determine the antimicrobial susceptibility of isolates. Standard inoculums were inoculated on Mueller-Hinton agar and incubated at 37oC for 24 hours.Result: Ninety three urine samples were studied. Among the 93 samples most of them were in the age group of 21 to 30 years. Out of 93 samples, 26 (27.95%) samples were found culture positive. Escherichia coli (92.30%) was found to be the predominant organism.  Regarding antimicrobial sensitivity pattern Esch. coli was found to be most sensitive to Imipenem (100%), Amikacin (87.5%), and Nitrofurantoin (83.33%).Conclusion: In conclusion young aged female are commonly suffering from UTI and Escherichia coli is the most common isolated bacteria.Bangladesh Journal of Infectious Diseases, December 2017;4(2):40-44

scholarly journals Urine Proteomic Analysis Reveals Disease-Specific Patterns in Pediatric Patients with Classical Hodgkin's Disease(HD). an Addon Study to the Euronet-PHL-C2 Trial

Blood ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 134 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 2804-2804
Author(s):  
Karl-Walter Sykora ◽  
Jochen Metzger ◽  
Dieter Körholz ◽  
Michael Frühwald ◽  
Gabriele Strauss ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Risk Group ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Ann Arbor ◽  
Peptide Marker

Background HD is a B-lineage lymphoma characterized, depending on subtype, by a prominent inflammatory infiltrate and fibrosis. Clinically, inflammatory symptoms like fever, weight loss and night sweats (B-symptoms) and increased blood biomarkers of inflammation, including ESR and CRP, are characteristic of more advanced disease. The clinical trial EURONET-PHL-C2 (Second International Inter-Group Study for Classical Hodgkin's Lymphoma in Children and Adolescents) is a randomized, prospective trial that compares chemo- and radiotherapy treatment concepts of different intensities in patients with intermediate and advanced HD. Patients are stratified by risk into 3 therapy groups (TL-1 to TL-3). An ESR> 30mm/h had been a risk factor for relapse in previous studies and leads to upstaging from the lowest (TL-1, Ann Arbor stage I and IIa without additional risk factors) to the intermediate risk group TL-2 in the current study. This addon pilot study tested urine proteomic patterns from pediatric patients with HD at diagnosis and compared them to the patterns of normal children. The questions were: Is there a HD-specific pattern, a pattern that identifies high risk or a pattern that correlates with inflammatory markers? Patients and methods Capillary electrophoresis coupled to mass spectrometry (CE-MS) was used to compare the peptide profiles in the mass range of 0.8 to 20 kDa of urine samples (N=34) from 16 children with pediatric Hodgkin lymphoma (PHL) as case and 32 age-matched children with no evidence of a disease (N=28) or with urinary tract infection (N=4) as control groups. Marker selection was based on a two-step strategy. First, a group-wise comparison of rank sum differences was performed on a set of 2418 annotated peptides with distribution frequencies above 30% in at least one of the groups with subsequent adjustment for multiple testing by the method of Bonferroni. In the second step marker candidates were further restricted to those demonstrating a significant positive or negative Spearman rho correlation coefficient (≥0.34 or ≤-0.34) to the Ann-Arbor classification criteria. From the resulting peptides a multivariate peptide marker classifier was established by support vector machine modeling and applied to an independent confirmation set of PHL (N=16, 31 urine samples) and control (N=18, 18 urine samples) patients to determine classification accuracy in receiver operating characteristics (ROC) analysis. Peptides included in the PHL classifier were resolved in their amino acid sequence by tandem mass spectrometry to identify the proteins from which the peptide markers are derived. Results The established multivariate peptide marker model consisting of 40 naturally occurring urinary peptides enabled absolute differentiation between PHL patients and children without signs of disease or urinary tract infection in independent validation as revealed by an area under the ROC curve value of 1.0 (95% confidence interval: 0.93 to 1.00, p<0.0001). Amino acid sequencing revealed that the majority of peptides are interstitial collagen fragments from specific hot-spot regions within the proteins linear sequence and in part with overlapping amino acid sequences indicative for the activity of specific extracellular matrix degrading proteases. Other PHL peptide markers are derived from the tumor associated proteins S100-A9, Prostaglandin-H2 D-isomerase and Cytokeratin-8. Conclusions and perspective We were able to identify a proteomic pattern characteristic for HD, markers for relapse risk group or HD-associated inflammation were not yet identified. Disclosures Metzger: Mosaiques Diagnostics: Employment.

scholarly journals Current Trends of Urinary Pathogens and their Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern in a Tertiary Care Hospital

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-74
Author(s):  
Syed Nurun Nabi ◽  
KMTS Haider ◽  
Md Rahimgir ◽  
Md Nizam Uddin ◽  
Nahid Reaz Shapla
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Agar Medium ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Sensitivity Pattern

Introduction: Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) is one of the most common bacterial diseases worldwide that can present as asymptomatic or symptomatic characterized by a wide range of symptoms from mild irritative voiding to bacteremia, sepsis or even death. Increase in resistance of urinary pathogens to conventional antimicrobial agents is gaining the attention of many microbiologists worldwide in respect to treatment of urinary tract infection. Since the pattern of bacterial resistance is continuously changing, the monitoring of antibiotic susceptibility pattern becomes more important.Objective: The objective of this study was to update the distribution of current urinary pathogens and to find out their antimicrobial susceptibility pattern.Methods: A Cross sectional descriptive study was conducted at Border Guard Hospital (BGB Hospital) Peelkhana, Dhaka during the period of February 2013 to September 2013. A total of three hundred ninety urine samples were collected from patients with suspected UTI. All the samples were clean catch mid stream urine. Urine samples were cultured on MacConkey agar medium and blood agar medium. Colony counts yielding single type of bacterial growth of 105 CFU/ml were deemed significant.Results: Out of 390 samples, 49(12.56%) samples were culture positive. The isolated organisms were identified by conventional methods and were subjected to determine antimicrobial susceptibility testing by Kirby Bauer’s disc diffusion method. Escherichia coli (E.coli) was found as the most prevalent isolates 31(63.26%) followed by klebsiella spp 06(12.24%), Enterobacter spp o4(8.17%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa 04(8.17%), Staphylococcus aureus (Staph aureus) 02(4.08%) and Enterococcus spp 02(4.08%). Eight antimicrobial agents namely Amoxycillin, Co-trimoxazole, Levofloxacin, Nitrofurantoin, Gentamicin, Ceftriaxone, Imipenem and Amikacin were used for antimicrobial susceptibility testing. The most effective drug found against urinary isolates was Imipenem (95.91%), followed by Amikacin (81.63%) and Ceftriaxone (69.38%). None of the drug found was 100% effective against urinary pathogens. E.coli was found to be fairly sensitive to Ceftriaxone, Gentamicin and Nitrofurantoin.Conclusion: Urinary tract infection remains one of the most common bacterial infections. Antimicrobial drug resistance is increasing among urinary pathogens. This study updated the current occurrence of urinary pathogens and their antibiotic sensitivity pattern. We recommend periodical determination of antimicrobial sensitivity pattern of urinary pathogens in a particular hospital or area.Journal of Armed Forces Medical College Bangladesh Vol.10(2) 2014

scholarly journals MR-Proadrenomedullin as biomarker of renal damage in urinary tract infection in children

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Peñalver Penedo ◽  
Marta Rupérez Lucas ◽  
Luis Antonio Álvarez-Sala Walther ◽  
Alicia Torregrosa Benavent ◽  
María Luisa Casas Losada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Roc Curves ◽  
Renal Scintigraphy ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity

Abstract Background Midregional-proadrenomedullin (MR-proADM) is a useful prognostic peptide in severe infectious pathologies in the adult population. However, there are no studies that analyze its utility in febrile urinary tract infection (fUTI) in children. An accurate biomarker would provide an early detection of patients with kidney damage, avoiding other invasive tests like renal scintigraphy scans. Our objective is to study the usefulness of MR-proADM as a biomarker of acute and chronic renal parenchymal damage in fUTI within the pediatric population. Methods A prospective cohort study was conducted in pediatric patients with fUTI between January 2015 and December 2018. Plasma and urine MR-proADM levels were measured at admission in addition to other laboratory parameters. After confirmation of fUTI, renal scintigraphy scans were performed during the acute and follow-up stages. A descriptive study has been carried out and sensitivity, specificity and ROC curves for MR-proADM, C-reactive protein, and procalcitonin were calculated. Results 62 pediatric patients (34 female) were enrolled. Scintigraphy showed acute pyelonephritis in 35 patients (56.5%). Of those patients, the median of plasmatic MR-proADM (P-MR-proADM) showed no differences compared to patients without pyelonephritis. 7 patients (11.3%) developed renal scars (RS). Their median P-MR-proADM levels were 1.07 nmol/L (IQR 0.66–1.59), while in patients without RS were 0.48 nmol/L (0.43–0.63) (p < 0.01). The AUC in this case was 0.92 (95% CI 0.77–0.99). We established an optimal cut-off point at 0.66 nmol/L with sensitivity 83.3% and specificity 81.8%. Conclusion MR-ProADM has demonstrated a poor ability to diagnose pyelonephritis in pediatric patients with fUTI. However, P-MR-proADM proved to be a very reliable biomarker for RS prediction.

scholarly journals Prevalence of urinary tract infection and associated risk factors among women in Sindhupalchowk district, Nepal

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (7) ◽  
pp. 2714 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leela Paudel ◽  
Naresh Manandhar ◽  
Saroj Sah ◽  
Sudesha Khadka ◽  
Samikshya Neupane ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Lower Abdominal Pain ◽  
Common Symptom ◽  
High Power Field ◽  
Toilet Facility

Background: Urinary tract infection (UTI) occurs in all age groups, more common in women due to short urethra and its close proximity to anus and vagina. UTI is defined as “microscopic finding of >10 pus cells/high power field (40x) in urine”. The purpose of the study is to find the prevalence of UTI and its association with various risk factors.Methods: An analytical cross-sectional study on prevalence of UTI was done among 260 women aged 15 years and above. Convenient sampling technique was used. Semi-structured questionnaire was designed to collect the data and urine sample was collected for routine and microscopic examination at the time of interview. Collected urine was sent, within 3 hours of collection.Results: The mean age of the respondents was 36.43±16.17 years. The prevalence of UTI among women aged 15 years and above was 36.9%.The most common symptom was frequency of micturition (35%) followed by lower abdominal pain (38.46%). There was significant association between frequency of micturition, burning micturition and lower abdominal pain with occurrence of urinary tract infection. On urinalysis, 96 samples were positive for pus cell; one sample showed blood, 16 samples showed ca-oxalate and 57 samples showed protein which determines the type of UTI. Smoking [COR-2.15, C.I-(1.12, 4.09)] and unavailability of toilet facility [COR-0.27, C.I-(0.08, 0.93)] were the significant risk factors for occurrence of UTI.Conclusions: There was high prevalence of UTI among women aged 15 years and above and association between smoking and unavailability of toilet facility and UTI was significant.

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