scholarly journals Antibacterial Effects Of Aqueous Extract Of Onion (Allium Cepa) And Garlic (Allium Sativum) On Some Clinical Bacterial Isolates

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muibat Omotola Fashola ◽  
Bolanle Olaitan Opere ◽  
Gbemisola M. Saibu ◽  
Olorunjuwon O. Bello ◽  
Tobi Simeon Yovoyan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Multiple Drug Resistance ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Garlic Extract ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Multiple Drug ◽  
Inhibition Zone Diameter ◽  
Zone Diameter

Introduction: Many medicinal plants produce antioxidants and antimicrobial properties which protect the host from cellular oxidation reactions and other pathogens highlighting the importance of search for natural antimicrobial drugs. Method : The antibacterial activity of 25, 50 and 100 mg/ml aqueous extract of garlic and onion on S.aureus, S. Typhi,P. aeruginosa and E. coli isolates were carried out using agar well diffusion method. The antibacterial activity of the aqueous plant extract were measured by zones of inhibition and the antibiotic sensitivity test of the bacteria isolates was done using the disc diffusion method. Results: Inhibition zone diameter of 18 mm, 19 mm, 21 mm and 27 mm were observed for E.coli, P.aeruginosa, S.aureus, and S.Typhi respectively using 100 mg/ml of garlic while for onion, 11.5 mm, 12 mm, 12 mm and 13 mm inhibition zone diameter were observed for the same bacteria isolates respectively. It was observed that the increase in concentration of garlic is needed for better antibacterial activity while increasing concentration does not have a significant effect on the antibacterial activity of onion. The results of the antibiotic tests showed that most of the tested organisms exhibited multiple drug resistance to the conventional antibiotics including cotrimoxazole, chloramphenicol, amoxillin, streptomycin and septrin. Conclusion: Garlic extract showed greater antimicrobial potential compared with onion extract and the widely used antibiotics. Thus, aqueous garlic extract may be more effective in the treatment of bacterial infections in order to overcomethe problem of multidrug resistance of bacterial pathogens.

scholarly journals SKRINING FITOKIMIA DAN UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN RACUN AYAM (Brucea javanica [L.] Merr.) ASAL KALIMANTAN SELATAN

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-68
Author(s):  
Sutomo Sutomo ◽  
◽  
Arnida Arnida ◽  
Fahriah Fahriah
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Inhibition Zone Diameter ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Zone Diameter ◽  
Brucea Javanica

Racun ayam is one of the plants which has several activities in its fruits, one of which is an antibacterial. This study aims to determine the antibacterial activity of ethanol extract of racun ayam leaves. The extraction was done by maceration method using ethanol as a solvent. Antibacterial activity assay was carried out on S. aureus, E. coli, and P. aeruginosa bacteria by disk diffusion method at the concentrations of 80, 100, and 120 ppm. The results showed that the ethanol extract of B. javanica leaves had the greatest inhibition zone on E. coli with inhibition zone diameter values ​​at 80, 100, and 120 ppm were 11.7 mm, 14.5 mm and 19.67 mm respectively. Inhibition zones in S. aureus could only be seen at 100 and 120 ppm which had inhibition zone diameters at 1.17 mm and 2.17 mm respectively, whereas in P. aeruginosa they did not have any inhibitory zone values. The results of statistical analysis showed a significance of the inhibition zone diameter values ​​of E. coli bacteria starting at 80 ppm with a sig value of 0.034. Due to a sig value was <0.05, it was categorized as significantly different from the negative control. The bacteria of S. aureus which had ​​<0.05 for sig values only found on 100 ppm and 120 ppm. Bacteria P. aeruginosa which had sig value >0.05 was not significantly different at all concentrations

scholarly journals Antibacterial Activities from Gel Hand Sanitizer of Jatropha curcas Leaves Ethanolic Extract Against Staphylococcus aures ATCC 25923

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-11
Author(s):  
Erviana Vernanda Margaretha ◽  
Yohanes Juliantoni ◽  
Dyke Gita Wirasisya
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Jatropha Curcas ◽  
Food Contamination ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Inhibition Zone Diameter ◽  
Zone Diameter ◽  
Hand Sanitizer

Food borne disease is a disease with symptoms such as nausea, diarrhea and vomiting. The main cause of FBD was food contamination of Staphylococcus aureus. Jarak pagar (Jatropha curcas Linn) leave is a plant that have antibacterial activity against S. aureus because it contains saponin, flavonoid, and tannin. This research aimed to determine the antibacterial activity of the ethanolic extract of Jatropha curcas Linn. leaves, formulated them as gel hand sanitizer, and evaluated the antibacterial activity of the formula. The sample was collected, determined, and extracted with ethanol 70% using maceration, and the phytochemical screening conducted to the concentrate extract. The antibacterial activity test conducted by well diffusion method with concetration 50, 100, dan 150 mg/mL. Then the effective extract group has formulated to gel hand sanitizer. The gel hand sanitizer formula tested the antibacterial activity and physical properties by organoleptic, pH, stability, and spreadablility. The result showed that the extract with concentration 50, 100, dan 150 mg/mL has inhibition zone diameter was 9.9, 15.7, and 16.4 mm, respectively. The gel hand sanitizer of Jatropha curcas Linn extract was formulated by using 100 mg/mL concentration of extract. The gel was physically stable and had inhibition zone diameter was 15.6 mm

scholarly journals ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY TEST OF LIME JUICE EXTRACT AGAINST ESCHERICHIA COLI

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 135-139
Author(s):  
Nerdy Nerdy ◽  
Palas Tarigan ◽  
Elysa Elysa ◽  
Puji Lestari ◽  
Siti Nurmalisa
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Average Diameter ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Fruit Extract ◽  
Lime Juice ◽  
Inhibition Zone Diameter ◽  
Zone Diameter ◽  
Escherichia Coli Bacteria

Lime (Citrus aurantifolia Swingle) is known to have seceral phytochemical contents (flavonoids and saponins) that can be memiliki berbagai aktivitas farmakologis yang bermanfaat. Salah satu aktivitas farmaokologis yang diberikan oleh flavonoid adalah sebagai antibacterial activity. The aims of this research was to determine the antibacterial activity of lime juice against Escherichia coli bacteria. This research used an experimental laboratory research method using antibacterial effectiveness trials against the growth of Escherichia coli bacteria. The research design for antibacterial effectiveness used the lime fruit extract method with 4 treatment groups, positive control and negative control. Antibacterial effectiveness was observed the inhibition zone diameter by disc diffusion method. Results of the Escherichia coli antibacterial effectiveness test obtained at a concentration of 100% had antibacterial activity with an average diameter of the inhibition zone 19.9 mm. The lowest concentration that still provides antibacterial resistance against Escherichia coli is at a concentration of 12.5% ​​with an average diameter of the inhibition zone of 17.9 mm. The results obtained indicated that the antibacterial effectiveness test on lime fruit extract is very strong. At a concentration of 100% it has the best antibacterial activity, the inhibition zone diameter similar with the inhibition zone of 500 mg tetracycline.

scholarly journals UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI EKSTRAK METANOL DAUN BAWANG BATAK (Allium chinense G. Don) TERHADAP Streptococcus mutans DAN Bacillus cereus SEBAGAI BAKTERI GRAM POSITIF

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 138-145
Author(s):  
Aliyah Fahmi
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Bacillus Cereus ◽  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Research Model ◽  
Inhibition Zone Diameter ◽  
Zone Diameter ◽  
Methanol Extracts ◽  
Allium Chinense

Batak Onion (Allium chinense G. Don) is one of the species of Allium plant which is used as a flavor enhancer typical for North Sumatran Batak cuisine. In addition, the Batak onion is believed to be a health herbal remedy such as an antibacterial agent. This research aims to determine antibacterial activity of methanol extracts of Batak leeks (Allium Chinense G. Don) on Streptococcus mutans and Bacillus cereus as Positive Gram Bacteria.  The method  was the agar diffusion method. Methanol extracts of Batak leeks were diluted using Dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) with concentration variations (0.88, 1.66 and 2.5)%. DMSO also was used as negative blank. The research model was in Vitro experimental research model.  The results showed that methanol extract of Batak leek had antibacterial activity against S. mutans with inhibition zone diameter (5,10.5,12.7)mm and B. cereus with inhibition zone diameter (10,12.4 , 12.2)mm. The inhibition zone diameter (0) mm for the DMSO as negative blank.

scholarly journals Antifungal and growths regulation activity of new metal-organic compounds

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-149
Author(s):  
O. V. Bashta ◽  
L. P. Pasichnyk ◽  
N. M. Voloshchuk ◽  
G. G. Repich ◽  
O. O. Zholob ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Copper Complex ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Chelate Complexes ◽  
Inhibition Zone Diameter ◽  
Zone Diameter ◽  
Grain Crops ◽  
Metal Organic

The aim of present paper is to study the antifungal activity of the new platinum, palladium and copper chelate complexes with different organic ligands against Fusarium strains and to determine the influence of these compounds on the germination energy and seed germination of investigated grain crops. Methods. In vitro antifungal activities of new chelate complexes were studied by the agar disk diffusion method. New complexes were tested against pathogenic Fusarium strains such as — F. culmorum 3260/4, F. verticillioides and F. sporotrichioides. The toxic effect of new complexes was evaluated according to changes in germination power and seed germination of grain crops — winter wheat, vernal barley and maize. The determination of these characteristics was carried out in accordance with the standard demands. Results. Our results revealed that palladium complex H exhibited fungicidal activity against F. culmorum 3260/4 and fungistatic activity against F. verticillioides with growth inhibition zone diameter 25 mm ad 20 mm respectively. Copper complex 2 showed a moderate fungicidal effect against F. culmorum 3260/4 strain (inhibition zone diameter 12 mm). The treatment of grain crops seeds with the H and 2 complexes demonstrated the less toxicity than standard agent — commercial fungicide tebuconazol. These complexes had also less negative influence on the germination power for all test cultures than tebuconazol. Copper complex 2 showed a noticeable growth promoting effect on studied seeds compared to seeds under conditions without treatment. Conclusions. Thus, the studied complexes can be considered as promising antifungal agents with growth regulating properties. The directional modification of the complexes to obtain the more potent derivatives will be performed.Keywords: metal-organic compounds, antifungal, growths regulation activity.

scholarly journals Uji Aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Metanol dan Fraksi Daun Kenikir (Cosmos caudatus Kunth) terhadap Salmonella typhi

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 177
Author(s):  
Achmad Syarifudin Noor ◽  
Bawon Triatmoko ◽  
Nuri Nuri
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Typhoid Fever ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Salmonella Typhi ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Water Fraction ◽  
Zone Diameter

The leaves of kenikir are known to have many benefits, one of which can be used as medicine. Kenikir leaves are reported to have antibacterial activity against the bacteria Salmonella typhi (S.typhi). S. typhi is a bacterium that causes typhoid fever. Typhoid fever is still an endemic disease in Asian countries, especially Indonesia. Typhoid fever became the third largest disease in Indonesia in 2010. The study related to the antibacterial activity of kenikir leaf fraction to S. typhi has never been reported. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct research related to the antibacterial activity of extracts and leaf fractions of kenikir to compare their potential against S. typhi. The study was conducted using the disk diffusion method using 5 series of concentrations namely 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, and 30%. Tests were carried out on methanol extract, hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol-water fraction. The results showed that highest inhibition zone diameter is 7,75 mm which is reached by methanol extract. The order of the highest inhibiting zone diameter are extract, hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol-water fraction.

scholarly journals ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF CHITOSAN AND HYDROLYZED COCONUT OIL AND THEIR COMBINATION AGAINST BACILLUS CEREUS AND ESCHERICHIA COLI

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jansen Silalahi ◽  
Petrika Situmorang ◽  
Popi Patilaya ◽  
Yosy Ce Silalahi
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Bacillus Cereus ◽  
Coconut Oil ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Virgin Coconut Oil ◽  
Inhibition Zone Diameter ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Zone Diameter

ABSTRACTObjective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial activity of chitosan, hydrolyzed coconut oil and their combination againstBacillus cereus and Escherichia coli.Methods: The materials used in this study were powder of chitosan (obtained from prawn shell produced by Laboratory of Research Centre FMIPAUniversity of Sumatera Utara) and virgin coconut oil (VCO) product of Siti Nurbaya-Indonesia. VCO was partially hydrolyzed by Lipozyme TL IM(active at sn-1,3 position) and the result called hydrolyzed virgin coconut oil (HVCO). The bacteria used in this study were B. cereus and E. coli. Theantibacterial activity of chitosan in 1% acetic acid and HVCO in dimethylsulfoxide was tested by Kirby–Bauer agar diffusion method using paper discwith diameter of 6 mm.Results: The results showed that the minimum inhibitory concentration of chitosan against B. cereus and E. coli is at concentration of 0.05% withinhibition zone diameter of 6.86 mm and 7.56 mm, respectively. MIC of HVCO against B. cereus is at concentration of 0.25% with inhibition zonediameter of 6.40 mm, and against E. coli is at a concentration of 0.50% with inhibition zone diameter of 6.20 mm. The inhibition zone diameter ofchitosan 0.05% and HVCO 0.25% in combination against B. cereus is 8.33 mm which is higher than half the sum of chitosan 0.05% and HVCO 0.25%(6.63 mm). The inhibition zone diameter of chitosan 0.05% and 0.5% HVCO in combination against E. coli is 8.53 mm which is higher than half thesum of chitosan 0.05% and HVCO 0.5% (6.53 mm).Conclusion: The findings of this study indicate that chitosan is more antibacterial than HVCO, and the interaction between chitosan and HVCO incombination demonstrated to be synergistic against B. cereus and E. coli.Keywords: Antibacterial, Chitosan, Coconut oil, Combination, Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli.®

scholarly journals Antibacterial Potential of Aloe weloensis (Aloeacea) Leaf Latex against Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Bacteria Strains

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Yohannes Kelifa Emiru ◽  
Ebrahim Abdela Siraj ◽  
Tekleab Teka Teklehaimanot ◽  
Gedefaw Getnet Amare
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Maximum Activity ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative

Objective. To evaluate the antibacterial effects of the leaf latex of Aloe weloensis against infectious bacterial strains. Methods. The leaf latex of A. weloensis at different concentrations (400, 500, and 600 mg/ml) was evaluated for antibacterial activities using the disc diffusion method against some Gram-negative species such as Escherichia coli (ATCC 14700) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 35619) and Gram-positive such as Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 50080) and Enterococcus fecalis (ATCC 4623). Results. The tested concentrations of the latex ranging between 400 and 600 mg·mL−1 showed significant antibacterial activity against bacterial strain. The highest dose (600 mg/ml) of A. weloensis leaf latex revealed the maximum activity (25.93 ± 0.066 inhibition zone) followed by the dose 500 mg/ml against S. aureus. The lowest antibacterial activity was observed by the concentration 400 mg/ml (5.03 ± 0.03) against E. coli. Conclusion. The results of the present investigation suggest that the leaf latex of A. weloensis can be used as potential leads to discover new drugs to control some bacterial infections.

scholarly journals Fluconazole Susceptibilities of Bloodstream Candidasp. Isolates as Determined by National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards Method M27-A and Two Other Methods

1999 ◽  
Vol 37 (7) ◽  
pp. 2197-2200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emilia Cantón ◽  
Javier Pemán ◽  
Alfonso Carrillo-Muñoz ◽  
Ana Orero ◽  
Pedro Ubeda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Geometric Mean ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
National Committee ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Inhibition Zone Diameter ◽  
Zone Diameter ◽  
The Mean

The in vitro activity of fluconazole against 143Candida spp. obtained from the bloodstreams of 143 hospitalized patients from 1995 to 1997 was studied. Susceptibility tests were carried out by two macrodilution methods, the M27-A and a modified M27-A method (0.165 M, pH 7/morpholinepropanesulfonic acid-buffered RPMI 1640 medium supplemented with 20 g ofd-dextrose per liter), and by the agar diffusion method (with 15-μg fluconazole [Neo-Sensitab] tablets). With 2 μg of fluconazole per ml, 96.92% of 65 C. albicans isolates, 86.2% of 58 C. parapsilosis isolates 7 of 8 C. tropicalis isolates, and 1 of 6 C. glabrata isolates were inhibited. Only one strain of C. albicans and one strain of C. tropicalis were resistant. The agreement between the two macrodilution methods was greater than 90% within ±2 log2 dilutions for all strains except C. glabrata (83.3%) and C. tropicalis(87.5%). Generally, MICs were 1 log2 dilution lower in glucose-supplemented RPMI 1640 medium. No correlation between zone sizes and MICs was found. All strains susceptible by the diffusion test were susceptible by the dilution method, but the converse was not necessarily true. Interestingly, inhibition zones were smaller forC. albicans, for which the geometric mean MIC was 0.29 μg/ml and the mean inhibition zone diameter was 25.7 mm, while for C. parapsilosis the geometric mean MIC was 0.96 μg/ml and the mean inhibition zone diameter was 31.52 mm. In conclusion, the two macrodilution methods give similar results. The modified M27-A method with 2% dextrose has the advantage of shortening the incubation time and simplifying the endpoint determination.

Karakteristik Fisik dan Aktivitas Antibakteri Sabun Cair Minyak Nilam (Pogostemon cablin Benth.) yang Berbasis Surfaktan Sodium Lauril Eter Sulfat

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Yuni Anggraeni ◽  
Fakhrun Nisa' ◽  
Ofa Suzanti Betha
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Foam Height ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Centrifuge Test ◽  
Liquid Soap ◽  
Inhibition Zone Diameter ◽  
Zone Diameter ◽  
Pogostemon Cablin

Patchouli oil obtained from patchouli plants (Pogostemon cablin Benth.) has been widely used as an antibacterial agent in liquid and solid soap preparation. In this research, patchouli oil was added to liquid soap formula which use sodium lauryl ether sulphate (SLES) surfactant. The purpose of this study was to determine the physical characteristics and antibacterial activity of patchouli oil liquid soaps based on SLES surfactant. The Liquid soaps were prepared into four formulas with variation of patchouli oil concentration that were F0 (0.00% w/w), F1 (0.05% w/w), F2 (0.50% w/w), and F3 (1.00% w/w). The liquid soaps were evaluated including organoleptic, microscopic property, physical stability by using centrifuge test, pH, foam height and stability, viscosity and rheology, and antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 by using disc diffusion method and chloramphenicol as a positive control. The results showed that all liquid soap formulas had following characteristics: translucent except F3 slightly murky, homogen, stable after centrifuge test, pH between 6.55 – 6.66 that were no significantly different and met SNI standards of liquid soap, foam height between 2.67 – 3.23 cm that were no significantly different and stable after 5 minutes of testing, viscosity between 2237 – 2397 cPs relatively equal in all formulas with pseudoplastic rheological properties. The patchouli oil liquid soaps had antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, where F0, F1, F2, F3 and positive control result in inhibition zone diameter of 11.26±2.60 mm, 14.60 ± 2.45mm, 15.51 ± 0.44 mm, 17.97 ± 0.71 mm and 19.00 ± 3.92 mm respectively. Based on the ANOVA one way test, the addition of 1% patchouli oil gave a significant effect on the inhibition zone diameter compared to F0 (without patchouli oil)

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document