scholarly journals Features of local etiological factors of periodontal disease in residents of high latitudes

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 350-353
Author(s):  
I. D. Ushnitsky ◽  
O. S. Unusyan ◽  
Y. A. Akhremenko ◽  
K. V. Komzin ◽  
L. S. Unusyan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Oral Fluid ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Lysozyme Activity ◽  
Dental Clinic ◽  
North East ◽  
The North

Aim. The purpose of the article is to determine specific regional risk factors for periodontal diseases in residents of the North-East of Russia on a complex clinical and physiological research.Materials and methods. A clinical study of the biophysical properties and composition of oral fluid (salivation rate, pH, viscosity, microcrystallization type, lysozyme activity) in the adult population with inflammatory periodontal diseases were done at dental clinic of the Medical Institute of M.K.Ammosov North-Eastern Federal University, dental clinic "Valeon" and clinical and diagnostic laboratory "Scientific and Practical Center of Phthisiatry" (Yakutsk). A total of 1012 individuals aged 15-19 years old (n = 248) and 35-44 years old (n = 764) were examined. Oral hygiene in the age groups was assessed by the Oral Hygiene Index according to J.C. Green and J.R. Vermillion (1964). In addition, social and hygienic status was assessed according Yu. V.Chizhov's method (2005). Statistical processing was carried out using the SPSS software package, version 22. The research was performed in accordance with the principles and rules of evidence-based medicine.Results. The obtained results determine quantitative and qualitative changes in oral fluid properties. The presence of biological risk factors associated with changes in the composition and properties of the oral fluid, as well as a low sanitary level, which are associated with viscosity increase, salivation rate decrease, a predominance of II and III types of microcrystallization, acidic pH level, a decrease in the level of lysozyme activity, were revealed. The identified risk factors have an impact on the prevalence of periodontal disease in the people of the North and mostly determine their clinical course.Conclusion. The revealed biophysical features of oral fluid in the examined adolescents and adult population of the North-East of Russia are specific regional local risk factors for the development of periodontitis, which must be taken into account when improving the therapeutic and preventive measures of pathological processes of periodontal tissues.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Knowledge and Awareness of Dental Patients in Saudi Arabia on Periodontal Health and Diseases

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 459-464
Author(s):  
Eman Allam ◽  
Nouf Alshibani ◽  
Yara Alshibani ◽  
Reem Alkattan
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Knowledge Gaps ◽  
Periodontal Health ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Dental Patients ◽  
Hygiene Measures

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the periodontal health knowledge and awareness among a cohort of dental patients in Saudi Arabia. Methods: One thousand adult patients attending King Khaled University Hospital and the Dental Hospital, King Saud University, in Riyadh, KSA, were recruited to the study. The subjects completed a questionnaire that aimed to evaluate their level of awareness on etiology, risk factors, and preventive measures related to periodontal disease. Results: The study sample showed adequate awareness and general knowledge on signs and symptoms of periodontal diseases as well as risk factors for their development. Data also suggested great knowledge of oral hygiene measures for maintaining good oral hygiene. However, a low level of awareness was reported for the exact etiology of periodontal disease, as indicated by the fact that about 65% of respondents did not know or declined the fact that plaque causes periodontal disease. The participants also demonstrated a low level of awareness of the association between periodontal diseases and systemic conditions, such as coronary heart diseases and premature birth. Conclusion: The results of this study showed extensive variations and knowledge gaps between different aspects related to periodontal disease. In order for comprehensive oral health educational programs to be effective and to achieve their goals, they should be designed to fulfill these knowledge gaps and tailored to target the areas of least awareness, such as etiology and systemic conditions association.

Surveying adherence of dental clinic patients to preventive measures in oral cavity

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. V. Kudryavtseva ◽  
V. V. Tachalov ◽  
E. S. Loboda ◽  
L. Yu. Orekhova ◽  
E. Yu. Nechai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Dental Health ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Dental Clinic ◽  
The Many ◽  
The Impact

Relevance. Periodontal diseases are a medical and social problem due to the wide spread among the population of developed countries and the impact on the quality of life. Among the many factors that are important in the development of inflammatory periodontal diseases, an important role is played by adherence to the recommendations of the dentist in respecting oral hygiene. Aim of the work was to study the adherence of patients of the dental clinic to compliance with preventive measures in the oral cavity.Materials and methods. A total of 98 patients of dental clinic, 62 female (medial age 38,6 ± 14,0 years) and 36 male (medial age 37,2±13,1 years) participated in survey. The study participants flled in the profle and answered questions about age, gender, harmful working conditions and bad habits, frequency of visits to the dental clinic, attitudes to the prevention of dental diseases, knowledge about the means and methods of oral hygiene.Results. As a result of the study, it was found that in the vast majority of cases, respondents are employed in production that does not adversely affect their health (91%), only 8% of patients indicated harmful working conditions.Conclusions. The study revealed that, despite the recommendations of the dentist, patients are not always committed to the implementation of preventive measures in the oral cavity. Dentists need to motivate patients to use not only the usual methods and means of hygiene, but also additional ones necessary for maintaining dental health.

scholarly journals BANA-Positive Plaque Samples Are Associated with Oral Hygiene Practices and Not CD4+ T Cell Counts in HIV-Positive Patients

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cathy Nisha John ◽  
Lawrence Xavier Graham Stephen ◽  
Charlene Wilma Joyce Africa
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Cd4 T Cell ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Hygiene Practices ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Probing Depth ◽  
Clinical Indices

Background. The “red complex” microorganisms, namely,Porphyromonas gingivalis,Treponema denticola, andTannerella forsythiaare considered as potential pathogens causing HIV-associated periodontal diseases. Moreover, it has been recognized that an association exists between CD4+ T cell counts and periodontal disease progression.Objective. To establish whether CD4+ T cell counts or oral hygiene plays a greater role in producing BANA-positive results in HIV-associated periodontal disease.Materials and Methods. One hundred and twenty HIV-positive patients participated in the study, and their CD4+ T cell counts were obtained from their medical records. The six Ramfjord teeth were used for evaluating periodontal clinical indices and subgingival plaque sampling. BANA test was used for the detection and prevalence of the “red complex” bacteria in plaque samples.Results. A majority of 69.17% HIV-positive patients were BANA-positive. No significant associations were found between BANA and CD4+ T cell counts. A highly significant association was found between BANA with probing depth and clinical attachment level (P≤0.0001) and between BANA and the use of interdental aids (P=0.0168).Conclusion. HIV-associated periodontal diseases are strongly related to oral hygiene practices rather than the effect of CD4+ T cell counts, and the use of interdental aids was marked as a significant predictor of BANA-negative plaque samples.

scholarly journals An overview of the epidemiology of periodontal diseases in Latin America

2007 ◽  
Vol 21 (spe) ◽  
pp. 8-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rui Vicente Oppermann
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Aggressive Periodontitis ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Socioeconomic Background ◽  
Industrialized Countries ◽  
Modifiable Factors

The aim of the present review was to identify the presence of periodontal diseases and the relative importance of known risk factors in Latin American countries. The retrieved data are sparse and inconsistent, lacking information for the majority of the countries. Gingivitis is ubiquitous in the region, affecting all ages independently of the socioeconomic background. The extension of bleeding may vary greatly, ranging from 40% to 70% of sites. The prevalence of aggressive periodontitis is higher in Latin America than in industrialized countries. Prevalence ranges from 0.3% to 4.5%, and the localized form is the less prevalent. The prevalence of chronic periodontitis is high, with a large variation (40-80%) probably due to differences in methodology and diagnostic criteria. Regional differences may be relevant. Known risk factors are present in the populations studied. Non-modifiable factors such as age, gender and genetics have been associated in Brazilian and Chilean populations. Tobacco smoking and diabetes are relevant risk factors. The importance of socioeconomic status, although present as a risk factor, has been largely underestimated. Oral hygiene is extremely deficient in the area although it is a cultural habit in most populations. It can be concluded that periodontal diseases are highly prevalent in Latin American populations. Its prevalence and extent are associated with known risk factors. Oral hygiene habits are deficient. Well designed epidemiological studies with external validity are needed.

scholarly journals Immunity and its role in periodontal diseases

2017 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-27
Author(s):  
Irina Dumitrache ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Clinical Efficacy ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Host Immune Response ◽  
Immunomodulatory Therapy ◽  
Common Chronic Disease

Periodontal disease is one of the most common chronic disease, with a prevalence between 5% and 30% in adult population aged 25-75. In the pathogenesis of periodontal disease, the host immune response has a great importance and in the last years it has been underlined the role of immunomodulatory therapy in the management of periodontal disease. Septilin is a herbal immunomodulatory with clinical efficacy proven in the periodontal disease.

Evaluation of the effectiveness of professional hygiene results in patients with diabetes mellitus type I and overweight

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-27
Author(s):  
E. S. Loboda ◽  
L. Yu. Orekhova ◽  
E. V. Grinenko ◽  
A. Yu. Kropotina ◽  
N. A. Iamanidze ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Periodontal Therapy ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus Type ◽  
Comprehensive Treatment ◽  
Type I ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus Type I ◽  
Patients With Diabetes

Relevance. At present, the problem of the prevalence of overweight is becoming increasingly important in countries with a high standard of living, especially among the urban population. The social significance of this problem is determined by the threat of the development of diseases of the cardiovascular system, gastrointestinal tract, musculoskeletal system, as well as diabetes mellitus, which in turn are serious risk factors for the development and progression of periodontal pathology. One of the stages in the treatment of periodontal diseases is professional oral hygiene, the tactics of which, the effectiveness and stability of the results obtained also depend on taking into account the individual characteristics of the organism. Objective – to assess the effect of overweight (ICD 10 - K63.5) on the manifestation of periodontal disease and the clinical effectiveness of professional oral hygiene as a stage of initial periodontal therapy in the presence of diabetes mellitus. Materials and methods. The study involved 83 patients with diabetes mellitus type I aged 25 to 45 years with overweight and normal constitution, with chronic generalized periodontitis of mild and moderate severity. All patients underwent a standard complex of professional oral hygiene. Re-examination was carried out after 1 month. Results. The severity of clinical manifestations of periodontitis in patients with diabetes mellitus and overweight was higher than in the group of patients with normal constitution. The analysis of the effectiveness of professional oral hygiene as one of the stages of conservative periodontal therapy revealed differences in the response from the organism as a whole, and periodontal tissues in particular in the examined groups, demonstrating the pathological effect of excess body weight on the decrease in the effectiveness of hygiene measures. Conclusion. The identification of differences in the examined groups confirms the importance of overweight as an aggravating component in patients with periodontal disease and diabetes mellitus type I and dictates the need for a more detailed study of this parameter in the management of patients in this group and predicting treatment results, as well as creates the need for development and implementation of a comprehensive treatment and prevention strategy, including the assessment and monitoring of body mass index, promotion of a healthy lifestyle, elimination of modifiable risk factors.

In-hospital mortality after hip arthroplasty in China

2019 ◽  
Vol 101-B (10) ◽  
pp. 1209-1217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chao Zeng ◽  
Nancy E. Lane ◽  
Martin Englund ◽  
Dongxing Xie ◽  
Hu Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Hospital Mortality ◽  
Hip Arthroplasty ◽  
Potential Risk ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
North West ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
South Central ◽  
Potential Risk Factors

Aims There is an increasing demand for hip arthroplasty in China. We aimed to describe trends in in-hospital mortality after this procedure in China and to examine the potential risk factors. Patients and Methods We included 210 450 patients undergoing primary hip arthroplasty registered in the Hospital Quality Monitoring System in China between 2013 and 2016. In-hospital mortality after hip arthroplasty and its relation to potential risk factors were assessed using multivariable Poisson regression. Results During the study period, 626 inpatient deaths occurred within 30 days after hip arthroplasty. Mortality decreased from 2.9% in 2013 to 2.6% in 2016 (p for trend = 0.02). Compared with their counterparts, old age, male sex, and divorced or widowed patients had a higher rate of mortality (all p < 0.05). Risk ratio (RR) for mortality after arthroplasty for fracture was two-fold higher (RR 2.0, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.5 to 2.6) than that for chronic disease. RRs for mortality were 3.3 (95% CI 2.7 to 3.9) and 8.2 (95% CI 6.5 to 10.4) for patients with Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) of 1 to 2 and CCI ≥ 3, respectively, compared with patients with CCI of 0. The rate of mortality varied according to geographical region, the lowest being in the East region (1.8%), followed by Beijing (2.1%), the North (2.9%), South-West (3.6%), South-Central (3.8%), North-East (4.1%), and North-West (5.2%) regions. Conclusion While in-hospital mortality after hip arthroplasty in China appears low and declined during the study period, discrepancies in mortality after this procedure exist according to sociodemographic factors. Healthcare resources should be allocated more to underdeveloped regions to further reduce mortality. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2019;101-B:1209–1217

scholarly journals Age and oral health: current considerations

2007 ◽  
Vol 21 (spe) ◽  
pp. 29-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Tawse-Smith
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Dental Plaque ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Preventive Program ◽  
Age Related ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Complex Scenario

Dental plaque is still considered the main etiological factor for periodontal diseases. Our understanding of periodontal disease has advanced from the previous concepts where gingivitis slowly progressed to periodontitis to a more complex scenario that correlates several risk factors in the pathogenesis of periodontal disease. Among these factors, age has been associated with increased rates of periodontal disease as the population gets older. Although the loss of alveolar bone and periodontal attachment is common in the elderly population, and there is evident age-related changes in the periodontium, severe periodontitis is not a natural consequence of ageing. The importance of identifying the risk factors that participate in the pathogenesis of periodontal disease at an early phase, both of the individual and the disease, as well as evaluating the capacity of the individual to control dental plaque will enable the implementation of an adequate preventive program, where the needs and limitations of the individual are considered to specifically tailor the oral hygiene procedures and the mouthwashes to be used.

The Interleukin-1 Polymorphism, Smoking, and the Risk of Periodontal Disease in the Population-based SHIP Study

2003 ◽  
Vol 82 (3) ◽  
pp. 189-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Meisel ◽  
A. Siegemund ◽  
R. Grimm ◽  
F.H. Herrmann ◽  
U. John ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Sex Education ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Interleukin 1 ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Behavioral Risk ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Study Objective ◽  
Increased Risk

Several studies have shown a role for interleukin-1 gene cluster polymorphisms in the risk assessment for periodontal diseases. In the Study of Health in Pomerania (SHIP), 3148 subjects were randomly selected from the population and assessed for a broad range of diseases and environmental/behavioral risk factors. From the complete study group in the age 40 to 60 years, N = 1085 subjects were genotyped for the interleukin-1 genotype composite polymorphism in relation to periodontal parameters. The study objective was to elucidate the gene-environment interaction between the risk factors smoking and IL-1 polymorphism. An increased risk of periodontal disease was found for IL-1 genotype-positive smokers: odds ratio adjusted for age, sex, education, and plaque OR = 2.50 (95% C.I. 1.21 to 5.13; p = 0.013). This was not the case with subjects who never smoked: OR = 1.09 (0.73-1.62; p = 0.676). These results support the hypothesis of gene-environmental interaction in periodontitis.

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