scholarly journals LABORATORY AND FIELD RESEARCH OF A CROP LIFTER OF A COMBING HEADER

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
К.З. Кухмазов ◽  
Б.М. Мелоян ◽  
А.В. Малышев ◽  
С.Е. Губский
Keyword(s):  
Field Research ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Operating Speed ◽  
Urgent Problem ◽  
Operational Parameters ◽  
Speed Up ◽  
Combine Harvester ◽  
Combine Harvesters ◽  
Grain Losses

Материалы статьи посвящены актуальной проблеме – снижению потерь зерна при уборке полеглых хлебов методом очеса. В ней приведены описание конструкции и принцип работы разработанного копирующего стеблеподъемника очёсывающей жатки, а так же методика проведения и результаты лабораторно-полевых исследований по обоснованию его рациональных конструктивно-режимных параметров. Лабораторно-полевые исследования проводились на полях ООО «Русское поле» Пензенской области в соответствии с ГОСТ 28301 – 2007 «Комбайны зерноуборочные. Методы испытаний» на уборке озимой пшеницы. Площадь участка составляла 12 га, урожайность 47 ц/га, полеглость доходила до 64 %, отношение массы зерна к массе соломы 1: 1,3. Уборочный агрегат – зерноуборочный комбайн «Акрос – 595» с очесывающей жаткой ЖО – 7 «ОЗОН», оснащенной копирующим стеблеподъемниками. Потери за очесывающей жаткой определяли методом наложения рамки. Как показывают результаты лабораторно-полевых исследований, минимальные потери зерна (не более 2,5 %) при уборке полеглых хлебов обеспечивается при длине полозка стеблеподъемника L = 470-540 мм, давление газового упора P = 50-60 H и рабочей скорости агрегата Up = 1,2-2,0 м/с. The article is devoted to an urgent problem - reducing grain losses during harvesting of lodged grains by the combing method. It provides a description of the design and the principle of operation of the developed copying crop lifter of the combing header, as well as the methodology and the results of laboratory and field studies to substantiate its rational structural and operational parameters. Laboratory and field studies were carried out on the fields of the OOO Russkoye Polye (LLC) of the Penza Region in accordance with GOST 28301-2007 “Combine harvesters. Test Methods” in the harvesting of winter wheat. The area of the plot was 12 hectares, the yield was 47 kg/ha, the lodging reached 64 %, the ratio of grain mass to straw mass was 1:1.3. The harvesting unit was the Akros - 595 combine harvester with the ZhO - 7 “OZON” combing header equipped with copying crop lifters. Losses after the combing header were determined by the method of the frame superposition. As the results of laboratory and field studies show, the minimum grain losses (no more than 2.5 %) when harvesting lodged grains is ensured when the length of the crop lifter L = 470-540 mm, the gas stop pressure P = 50-.60 N and the unit operating speed Up = 1,2-2,0 м/с.

scholarly journals The Experimentation of the TC 5050 New Holland Combine Harvester in Sunflower

2012 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Corneliu PAHONI
Keyword(s):  
Field Studies ◽  
Allowable Limit ◽  
Level Curves ◽  
Land Condition ◽  
Sunflower Crop ◽  
Sloping Land ◽  
Combine Harvester ◽  
Combine Harvesters ◽  
Quality Indexes ◽  
Grain Losses

The work presents the results of laboratory experiments and field studies in sunflower crop harvesting with the New Holland TC 5050 combine harvester. The combine’s harvesting performance was monitored on the level and slope field by determining the work quality indexes and the energetic and operating indexes of the combine studied. When driving on sloping land on the valley -hill direction, grain losses have exceeded the maximum allowable limit, reaching values over 6,5%. When movement was along level curves, the grain loss had registered values close to maximum allowed limit (3%), being therefore the recommended method. Fuel consumption has increased considerably when driving on sloping land compared with driving on the level field. In order to achieve a quality harvesting work, combine harvesters should be adjusted and operated in accordance with land condition and with the agrobiological characteristics of the crops.

MOBILE SEPARATOR FOR RAPID ASSESSMENT OF GRAIN LOSSES COMBINE HARVESTER

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.A. Belik ◽  
◽  
V.E. Tarkivsky ◽  
N.V. Trubitsyn ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Research And Development ◽  
Rapid Assessment ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Test System ◽  
Reliable Information ◽  
Economic Environment ◽  
Testing Time ◽  
Combine Harvester ◽  
Combine Harvesters ◽  
Grain Losses

The article presents the results of research and development of a mobile separator for cleaning grain samples from impurities during testing of combine harvesters RM-228. Comparative field studies of the proposed separator and used in the agricultural test system are presented. equipment, separator RM- 221 It was found that the proposed design of the separator for cleaning grain samples allows to reduce the complexity of the work, reduce the testing time and provides reliable information about grain losses by combine harvesters both for testing purposes and for setting up the combine in an economic environment.

scholarly journals Methods of identifying grain production cost when threshing grain crops in view of the need in combine harvesters and combine operators

2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. E. Chepurin ◽  
A. P. Tsegelnik
Keyword(s):  
Crop Yield ◽  
Production Cost ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Operating Speed ◽  
Grain Crops ◽  
Grain Crop ◽  
Combine Harvester ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Combine Harvesters

The paper presents substantiation of the rational use of combine harvesters’nominal throughput when threshing grain crops with the yield ranging from 0.8 to 5.0 t/ha and over. The main factors that determine nominal throughput of combine harvesters and their operational indicators are identified. The structure andcontents of thetechnological passport of combine harvesters are substantiated, and the algorithm of effective determination of their key operational indicators, based on the passport, are developed. These indicators depend on harvesting technology, grain crop yield, the share of non-grain part in the threshed grain bulk, the coverage of swath headers and direct-cut headers, and the operating speed of combine harvesters. The definition of the term “technological passport of the combine harvester” is given. Maximum and minimum allowable grain crop yield is established for the rational load of combine harvesters threshing at the standard operating speed of7.5 km/hrecommended by the Ministry of Agriculture of theRussian Federation. The existing methods make it possible to determine the operational efficiency of high-performance machinery by operational costs. However, they do not take into account the shortage of human resources when determining production cost of the threshed grain. As a result of the research conducted, the algorithm and techniques of determination of actual grain cost when harvesting grain crops by direct combining and swath harvesting methods are developed taking into account the need in combines of an i-class and combine operators. Production cost of grain threshed on the area of1000 hectarescalculated by the techniques developed, allows to define the minimum estimated and actual grain cost for an i-class combine harvester by direct combining and swath harvesting methods.

scholarly journals Braking Efficiency and Stability of Chassis Braking System of Combine Harvester: The Theoretical Derivation and Virtual Prototype Simulation

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peilong Li ◽  
Hongmei Xu
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Prototype ◽  
Rear Wheel ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Theoretical Derivation ◽  
The Road ◽  
Braking System ◽  
Directional Stability ◽  
Driving Speed ◽  
Combine Harvester ◽  
Combine Harvesters

With the advancement of agricultural mechanization, the safety of agricultural vehicles has aroused extensive concern. However, conventional methods evaluate the performance of the combine harvesters in a laborious and inaccurate filed-test way. It is still a challenge to evaluate their performance in a theoretical derivation-based simulation way. Here, we accurately derive the braking model of the combine harvester, which provides a guidance for further braking simulation. Firstly, a four-wheel braking system was designed and theoretically checked. Secondly, the virtual prototype of the chassis braking system was established in ADAMS, in consideration of the complicated contact characteristics between the tire and the road and between the friction pad and the brake disk. Finally, simulation experiments of braking efficiency and directional stability were carried out under different braking conditions. By this means, we find a novel effective yet simple way to optimize the braking efficiency as well as the sufficient braking stability of combine harvesters. The results show that braking efficiency would be improved with stronger braking force, lower initial braking velocity, and lighter weight of the combine harvester. Compared with straight-line braking, steering braking shows lower braking efficiency and less inclination of rear wheel bounce under the same braking conditions. As for braking directional stability, the lateral slippage would be increased with the locking of rear wheels, higher driving speed, or lower road adhesion coefficient. In addition, the simulation results are in agreement with the theoretical results, proving the validity of the virtual prototype simulation. Overall, other than traditional filed-test methods, our method provides an effective yet simple way for designing and evaluating the chassis braking system of combine harvesters.

scholarly journals Substantiation of the parameters of the feeder chamber conveyor of the combine harvester header

2021 ◽  
Vol 258 ◽  
pp. 04006
Author(s):  
Kukhmaz Kukhmazov ◽  
Vladimir Konovalov
Keyword(s):  
Research Methodology ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Operating Parameters ◽  
Grain Crops ◽  
Grain Crushing ◽  
Combine Harvester ◽  
Grain Losses

The aim of the research was to check the possibility of using and the justification of design and operating parameters of the proposed chain-and-slat conveyor of the feeder house for harvesting grain crops on the example of wheat. The research methodology included the determination of grain losses and crushing behind the combine thresher when varying the slat pitch of the chain-and-slat transporter (153.6; 307.2 and 460.8 mm), the speed of moving these slats (2.0...5.0 m/s) and the speed of the combine (1.2...2.4 m/s). The researches made on chain-and-slat conveyor of the combine harvester’s feeder house have shown that it can be used in the harvester’s design. The rational values of design and mode parameters of chain-and-slat conveyor of the combine harvester’s feeder house have been justified by laboratory and field studies. At a pitch of stamped slats of the chain-and-slat conveyor of 307.2 mm, a speed of chain-and-slat conveyor slats of 2.8...3.6 m/s and a working speed of the combine of 2.2 m/s, grain losses behind the threshing machine and grain crushing amount to less than one percent that meets the agricultural requirements.

Collection of Non-grain Part of Sunflower Harvest for Energy Purposes

2020 ◽  
pp. 69-78
Author(s):  
Alvian Kuzmych ◽  
◽  
Mykhailo Aneliak ◽  
Oleksandr Hrytsaka ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Field Research ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Technological Scheme ◽  
Sunflower Seeds ◽  
Linear Mass ◽  
Sunflower Crop ◽  
Combine Harvester ◽  
Subsequent Selection

The aim of the research is to increase the efficiency of harvesting the non-grain part of the sunflower crop for energy purposes by developing technology and substantiation of technical means. The analysis of sunflower harvesting technologies is carried out; the method of harvesting the crushed mass of the non-grain part of the sunflower crop with the formation of windrows of high linear mass at the edge of the field is substantiated. The results of laboratory field research of harvesting, selection and pressing of the crushed mass of the non-grain part of the sunflower crop are presented. Directions of improvement of the baler for harvesting of a non-grain part of sunflower harvest are noted. The constructional-technological scheme of the trailed hopper and windrow-former to the combine harvester for formation of windrows of a non-grain part of a crop of sunflower with the increased running weight is offered. The results of laboratory field studies confirmed the hypothesis of the possibility of selecting the rolls of the crushed mass of the non-grain part of the sunflower crop with a running weight of more than 20 kg per meter at a level of losses not exceeding 20%. The efficiency of harvesting the non-grain part of the sunflower crop for energy purposes can be increased by collecting the crushed mass passed through the combine harvester in a trailed digger and forming rolls with high running weight at the edge of the field for drying and subsequent selection by serial balers. It is established that at the level of yield of sunflower seeds within 3 ton per ha the volume of harvesting by the combine harvester of the crushed weight of non-grain part makes 7.5-8.5 center per ha. When picking with a baler, rolls with a density of 75-90 kg per m3 were formed at an average humidity of 23%.

Determining the Performance Quality of Combine Harvesters Operating

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 71-76
Author(s):  
M. E. Chaplygin ◽  
E. V. Zhalnin
Keyword(s):  
Sequential Sampling ◽  
Assessment Method ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Technical Tool ◽  
Performance Quality ◽  
Combine Harvester ◽  
Combine Harvesters ◽  
Grain Losses ◽  
Similar Assessment

Modern methods of monitoring the performance quality of combine harvesters during their testing are applied in a «swath laying» mode. The authors have shown the relevance of a similar assessment method used in the most common “crushing-and-spreading” mode and developed a simple and reliable method and a technical tool for assessing grain losses in the field during the combine harvester operation. (Research purpose) To develop a method for controlling grain loss of a combine harvester operating in a “chopping-and-spreading” mode using a two-chamber sampler prototype. (Materials and methods) The authors have proposed a new design of the prototype of a two-chamber sampler. They have proved that it ensures separate collection of the lost grain resulting from combine harvester units. A limited number of samplers were installed in the field and a method for sampling grain losses from working units of a combine harvester based on the developed sampler was applied. The applied method of control consists in evaluating the test results of a two-chamber sampler prototype during a combine harvester test in a «chopping-and-spreading» mode. (Results and discussion) The authors have developed the prototype of a two-chamber sampler of a fundamentally new design. They offer a method for determining the performance quality of a combine harvester. They have obtained graphs of grain losses distribution across the width of a threshing-and-separating unit and the spreading width equal to the operating width of a header. (Conclusion) It has been established that the use of a two-chamber sampler will ensure separate sequential sampling behind a header, a threshing unit, and a chopping spreader, while excluding sequential overlapping of errors. It has been revealed that the proposed scheme for sampling a grain losses resulting from the working units of a combine harvester will reduce the total number of samplers used - no more than 7 in each replication, regardless of the width of a threshing-and-separating unit or a header.

scholarly journals The experimental research of combine harvesters

2016 ◽  
Vol 62 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 106-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Špokas ◽  
V. Adamčuk ◽  
V. Bulgakov ◽  
L. Nozdrovický
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Research ◽  
Mass Flow ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Field Performance ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Grain Moisture ◽  
Combine Harvester ◽  
Combine Harvesters ◽  
Crop Stand ◽  
Grain Losses

The paper presents results of the experimental research of a middle-size combine harvester when used for harvest of winter wheat and spring barley in heavy harvest conditions. Based on the results obtained, it was possible to determine the effect of field conditions on the crop mass flow in combine harvester, grain losses, fuel consumption, and combine harvester field performance. It was found that grain moisture content and conditions of the crop stand have a significant effect on the work indicators of the combine harvester when compared with its technological parameters and crop mass flow. 

“NOVA” COMBINE HARVESTER MAIN INDICATORS ASSESSMENT BASED ON THE RESULTS OF FIELD TESTS

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (7) ◽  
pp. 991-998
Author(s):  
A.N. Golovkov ◽  
◽  
M.N. Moskovskiy ◽  
S.I. Borzenko ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Field Tests ◽  
Grain Legumes ◽  
Utilization Rate ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Grain Crushing ◽  
Time Availability ◽  
Combine Harvester ◽  
Combine Harvesters ◽  
Technological Productivity ◽  
Grain Losses

The market for self-propelled combine harvesters in Russia is diverse, with all major global manufacturers present. The domestic leader in combine building is the Rostselmash combine plant. The line of the plant is represented by 24 types of agricultural machinery, and it is constantly being updated. One of the new models “NOVA” is designed for direct combining and separate harvesting of grain and other crops. Self-propelled combine harvester “NOVA” is designed for direct combining and separate harvesting of grain crops and other crops, and with the use of accessories supplied by a separate order of the consumer, for harvesting the grain part of corn, sunflower, grain legumes, cereals, rapeseed, on flat fields with a slope of no more than 8 degrees in all grain-sowing zones. The article presents an analysis and assessment of the main technical and operational and working technological indicators of this combine harvester, based on the protocols of the MIS of the 2016–2017 seasons, for three crops: winter wheat, spring rape and soybeans. According to the test results, the grain harvester “NOVA” showed high technological productivity and reliability, and the operational time availability factor was 0.995, the MTBF of the second complexity group was 125 g. The technological process of the tested combine corresponds to the coefficient 1. Based on the results of field tests, summary tables and the results are verified with regulatory documents, in such indicators as: productivity per hour, utilization rate of shift time, and specific fuel consumption during shift work (without loss of power). With the full satisfaction of the “NOVA” combine harvester with all official requirements, its indicators for grain loss behind the header, total grain losses behind the thresher, and grain crushing decreased even in comparison with those declared by the manufacturer.

scholarly journals Theoretical researches of threshing and separation processes of bread mass by the threshing-separating device

2020 ◽  
pp. 60-66
Author(s):  
O.M. Hrytsaka
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Rational Design ◽  
Theoretical Research ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Separation Processes ◽  
Combine Harvester ◽  
Combine Harvesters ◽  
The Mathematical Model ◽  
Grain Losses

Annotation Purpose. Theoretical researches of increase of efficiency of working processes of threshing, separation of grain mass by combine harvesters by improvement and use of a multi-drum design of the threshing-separating device with rational design and technological parameters of work capable to provide necessary agrotechnical requirements. Methods. In theoretical researches the analysis of interaction of the threshing-separating device with grain mass with use of mathematical modeling of processes of threshing of grain, separation of a rough heap and their estimation is carried out. Results. The mathematical model of the mobile multi-drum thresher modernized as a result of change of settings that allowed to increase efficiency of its work is considered; the dependences of quality on the design parameters of the threshing-separating device during the implementation of technological processes of grain harvesting due to the reduction of the total level of injuries and grain losses are obtained. Conclusions. A mathematical model of improvement of the threshing process, separation of grain mass in the threshing gap of the threshing-separating device was developed, which allowed to obtain the dependences of the influence of structural and technological parameters on the level of threshing and separation. It is established that a significant reserve for improving the process of threshing, separation of grain mass is changes in the settings of threshing drums. Keywords: combine harvester, mathematical model, threshing-separating device, theoretical research, grain harvesting, threshing process.

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