Human development and population mobility through the prism of national features: socio-economic dimension and management concept

2020 ◽  
pp. 55-61
Author(s):  
Maryana Bil ◽  
Nazariy Popadynets
Keyword(s):  
Human Development ◽  
Development Policy ◽  
Human Life ◽  
National Level ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Human Potential ◽  
Population Mobility ◽  
Development Environment ◽  
Economic Dimension ◽  
Mobile Processes

The relevance of the human development study in the context of mobile processes is substantiated. The difference between human development and the level and quality of life, well-being, human resources development, and sustainable development is determined. Problematic aspects of human development in Ukraine are analyzed. Negative economic determinations of human development in Ukraine intensify mobile processes, which is confirmed by the migration situation. The country's economy is becoming dependent on migration, which creates numerous risks of socio-economic and political nature. It is necessary to develop the conceptual foundations of human development policy in a highly mobile society for their leveling. Such a policy is proposed to be considered as a set of measures aimed at forming a favorable internal environment of human life with respect for the rights and freedoms of choice and movement, preserving the possibility of return and protection of citizens regardless of location. An appropriate concept for the formation of human development policy in a highly mobile society in Ukraine should be developed. The concept should combine three blocks of goals: general provisions of security, principles of regulation of movements, which apply to all categories of mobile persons, the purpose of which is to preserve social unity in conditions of a highly mobile society by increasing its spiritual and informational mobility; internal mobility with the aim of ensuring the redistribution of human potential according to the peculiarities of regional development, the high-quality infrastructure of internal movements for the formation of flexible relational human space, as well as direct and indirect impact on mobility through improving the human development environment (output vector). The latest paradigm of human development of a highly mobile society should be formed on the basis of the concept implementation in the ideological plan at the national level.

Human potential in the system of social and economic development: problems and prospects of Vinnytsia region

2020 ◽  
pp. 71-80
Author(s):  
Olesya Tomchuk
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Human Development ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Human Potential ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Social And Economic Development

The article highlights the problems and prospects of human development, which is the basis for the long-term strategies of social and economic growth of different countries and regions at the present stage. Submitting strategies of this type provides an opportunity to focus on individual empowerment and to build a favorable environment for effective management decisions in the field of forming, maintaining, and restoring human potential. The analysis of the Vinnytsia region human potential dynamics in the regional system of social and economic development factors was carried out. Application of generalized assessment of the regional human development index components allowed the identification of the main trends that characterize the formation of human potential of the territory, including the reproduction of the population, social environment, comfort and quality of life, well-being, decent work, and education. The article emphasizes that despite some positive changes in the social and economic situation of the region and in assessing the parameters of its human development level relative to other regions of Ukraine, Vinnytsia region is now losing its human potential due to negative demographic situation and migration to other regions and countries. The main reason for such dynamics is proven to be related to the outdated structure of the region's economy, the predominance of the agricultural sector, the lack of progressive transformations in the development of high-tech fields of the economy. An important factor is the low level of urbanization of the region, which leads to the spread of less attractive working conditions and less comfortable living conditions. The key factors that cause the growth of urbanization in the region have been identified, including the significant positive impact of the transport and social infrastructure expansion, the lack of which in rural areas leads to a decrease in the level and comfort of life. Without progressive structural changes in the economy and the resettlement system, the loss of human potential will continue.

scholarly journals Economic Complexity and Human Development: Moderated by Logistics and International Migration

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 1867
Author(s):  
Emilie Sophie Le Caous ◽  
Fenghueih Huarng
Keyword(s):  
Human Development ◽  
International Migration ◽  
Hierarchical Linear Modeling ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Linear Modeling ◽  
Statistical Tool ◽  
Economic Wealth ◽  
Economic Complexity ◽  
The Relationship

Living in a world where we can expand our economic wealth and the richness of human life is the core of the human development concept. Greater well-being for all can be achieved by improving people’s capabilities and more importantly, by giving individuals the ability to use their knowledge and skills. The economic complexity index (i.e., ECI) is a new indicator that defines a country’s complexity. Through a vast network, citizens can transfer an enormous quantity of relevant knowledge, leading to the creation of diversified and complex products. However, the relationship between economic complexity and human development is not that simple. Thus, this paper aimed to understand it deeper—international migration and logistics performance are used as moderators. Hierarchical linear modeling was the statistical tool used to analyze two groups of countries from 1990 to 2017. For robustness and to deal with possible endogeneity issues, different year lags were also included. The results show that international migration and logistics performance are decisive moderators as they change the relationship between economic complexity and human development.

scholarly journals REGIONAL FEATURES OF FORMING HUMAN POTENTIAL OF CHERNIVTSI REGION

2017 ◽  
pp. 12-18
Author(s):  
Ya. Oliynyk ◽  
T. Kurysh
Keyword(s):  
Human Development ◽  
Human Development Index ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The State ◽  
Human Potential ◽  
Decent Work ◽  
Development Index ◽  
Regional Features ◽  
Maximum Value ◽  
Index Value

The research of regional peculiarities of formation of human potential of Chernivtsi region is carried out, factors and factors influencing the formation of human capital are singled out. On the basis of the current methodology presented in the draft of resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine (“Some issues of improving the system for monitoring and evaluating the effectiveness of the implementation of the state regional policy”), the calculation of the regional human development index of Chernivtsi region for 2012-2016, analysis and monitoring of changes in its in the given region. The integral index of regional human development is calculated as the sum of indices for seven key indicators covering three directions: long and healthy life, well-being and decent work and education. Having analyzed the index of human development of Chernivtsi region for 5 years it is possible to separate certain features of the change of indicator: - the highest index has reached the index in 2014 -0,901, and the lowest – in 2016-0,793; - by 2016 Ukraine occupies 84th place in the country’s ranking on the Human Development Index and is estimated as 0.743, i.e., in Chernivtsi region, the index for 2016 is higher than the total Ukrainian; - The graph of the Human Development Index of the Chernivtsi Oblast has a hump-like appearance; from 2012 to 2013 there was a gradual decline in the index, after which the index from 2013 to 2014 reached its maximum value from 2014-2016 due to the economic crisis and the difficult economic situation in the state. The index has decreased by 13.6% from the value in 2014. The main indicator that influenced the index value is the general coefficient of growth (reduction) of the population, therefore the best situation for this indicator was in 2012, and the worst in 2016. But in 2014, this indicator is 0.870 and there is no significant effect on the index decrease, so the index in this year is very high, besides, all indicators except the number of dead from intentional self-harm and the volume of expenditures of local budgets are above 0.9, and the volume of expenditures of local budgets is less important due to the increase of the exchange rate, as this particular indicator in 2016 has a maximum value. One of the main problems of human development in the Chernivtsi region and in Ukraine as a whole is the uncertainty of the strategy and tactics of social policy, which would have an impact on the main tasks at both the state and regional levels, with the definition of their peculiarities regarding the formation of demographic policy, employment , increase of wages of workers, regulation of the labor market of educational services market, optimal reform of the health care system, introduction of mechanisms for providing social and household services for population etc. Taking into account regional features and socio-geographical conditions of development of Chernivtsi region, priority directions of development of the human potential of this region have been developed, aimed at increasing the competitiveness of the territory in the current conditions of reforming Ukrainian society.

scholarly journals IMPROVEMENT PROSPECTS OF THE UKRAINIAN EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM IN THE CONTEXT OF THE HUMAN DEVELOPMENT CONCEPT

2020 ◽  
pp. 15-30
Author(s):  
Tatiana Loza
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Human Development ◽  
Educational System ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Human Potential ◽  
Educational Services ◽  
Dynamic Adjustment ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
Effective Development ◽  
The Relationship

The results of a scientific search dedicated to the problem of educational services transformation and whole education system adaptation to the challenges of the modern labor market were discussed in the article. The relationship between the problems of the Ukrainian labor market, the outdated educational system and inefficient human potential using is established. The essential correlation between the priority directions of human development for Ukraine and the main directions of educational system reforming are determined. Based on the analysis of the Human Development Index in Ukraine and other statistical indicators, directions for development and realization of social and educational service are determined with the condition of attraction of non-governmental organizations. The necessity of introducing new practical approaches was developed and theoretically substantiated for: · Expanding the range of entities providing educational services based on public-private partnership; · Establishing the accordance between the number of university applicants and request for them in the labor market; · Increasing the value of education through establishing the relationship between its level and the well-being of the employee; · Creating conditions for the dynamic adjustment of the content of education, depending on the labor market trends. The necessity of introducing new practical approaches for more effective development of human potential by restoring the education value and providing productive employment has been developed and theoretically substantiated.

scholarly journals Assessment of Human Capital in Russian Macroregions

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 888-901
Author(s):  
Sergey G. Shulgin ◽  
Yulia V. Zinkina
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Human Development ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Well Being ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
Far Eastern

A quantitative assessment of human capital is necessary for both understanding society and implementing effective socio-economic policies. In the present paper, a new approach — the Human Life Indicator (HLI) — was implemented to measure inequality in life expectancy. The Human Development Index (HDI), proposed by the United Nations, does not take into account significant internal inequalities of countries with the same or similar life expectancy. On the contrary, HLI reflects the well-being in terms of years of life, additionally considering the inequality in life expectancy. Presented calculations were based on federal mortality statistics. This study estimated human development of Russian federal districts by comparing HDI and HLI. The analysis revealed that high HDI values, achieved, for example, due to a high gross regional product (GRP) per capita, do not translate into an improvement in the quality of life for the majority of the population. Such situation is observed in the Far Eastern Federal District. The regions that are relatively prosperous in terms of HLI are concentrated in the European part of Russia and the North Caucasus Federal District. Simultaneously, most Siberian and the Far Eastern regions, characterised by high inequality in life expectancy, require the attention of federal and regional authorities. The presented approach to assessing the success of regional development can be used to estimate how the ongoing socio-economic policy and health care reforms influence the quality of life in the regions. This method can also be applied to compare inter-regional indicators of human capital and monitor changes in well-being of the population.

American GDP Alone Predicts Human Development

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 273-282
Author(s):  
Gordon Bechtel ◽  
Timothy Bechtel
Keyword(s):  
Human Development ◽  
Human Development Index ◽  
National Level ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Survey Sampling ◽  
Global Level ◽  
Philosophical Debate ◽  
International Attention ◽  
Trade War ◽  
National Economies

Bechtel (2018, 2019) linked gross domestic product (GDP) to the United Nation’s Human Development Index (HDI).  These results at the national level, and subsequent results at the global level (Bechtel, G. and Bechtel, T., 2020), induce our hypothesis that a transform of American GDP predicts global HDI.  This hypothesis is confirmed by two distinct bilinear regressions in which global HDI is predicted by American GDP alone.  These empirical findings contribute to the socioeconomic and philosophical debate on the nature of well-being.  They also show that HDI computation can be carried out from American GDP without survey sampling, questionnaire interrogation, probabilistic inference, significance testing, or even HDI data.  In view of trade-war and covid-19 shocks to all national economies, international attention to American GDP is now compelling.           

scholarly journals The big challenges in modeling human and environmental well-being

F1000Research ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 675
Author(s):  
Shripad Tuljapurkar
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Human Development ◽  
Development Policy ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Selective Review ◽  
Early Human Development ◽  
The Future ◽  
Early Human

This article is a selective review of quantitative research, historical and prospective, that is needed to inform sustainable development policy. I start with a simple framework to highlight how demography and productivity shape human well-being. I use that to discuss three sets of issues and corresponding challenges to modeling: first, population prehistory and early human development and their implications for the future; second, the multiple distinct dimensions of human and environmental well-being and the meaning of sustainability; and, third, inequality as a phenomenon triggered by development and models to examine changing inequality and its consequences. I conclude with a few words about other important factors: political, institutional, and cultural.

Living on a low income as a systemic impediment to socio-economic development of Ukraine

2020 ◽  
pp. 99-109
Author(s):  
NATALIIA TOLSTYKH
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Social Welfare ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Social Consequences ◽  
Human Potential ◽  
Subsistence Level ◽  
Socio Economic Development ◽  
The Government

The article sheds light on various approaches that seek to determine how widespread poverty and life on a low income are in Ukraine nowadays. As a social phenomenon, poverty has traditionally been associated with destitution and living below the subsistence level set by the government. However, the author holds the view that life on a low income not only means living near or below the poverty line. There is another part of Ukraine’s population that should also be considered needy — those whose income is less than twice as the subsistence level, and most of them are also subject to socio-economic deprivation. Drawing upon the findings of a social survey conducted by the Institute of Sociology of the NAS of Ukraine in 2019, the paper analyses the standard of living among different income groups. Particular attention is given to consumption patterns and social well-being of respondents in the lower income brackets. From the data, it can be inferred that living conditions of many Ukrainians are inadequate to sustain and develop human potential; furthermore, the low-income households have literally to struggle every day to make ends meet. The author brings into focus the main macroeconomic factors contributing to this situation and its adverse effect on the nation’s social potential. Some of the most common social consequences of living on a low income have been identified, such as limited consumption, a person’s dissatisfaction with life and his/her position in society. The above-mentioned survey also provides the estimates of how much the current subsistence level (with regard to Ukraine) should be. Having been made by different socio-demographic and occupational groups of Ukraine’s population, these estimates are a useful source of information — given that subsistence level is considered the basic social standard. According to the survey, all these figures are at variance with the official subsistence level, which is noticeably lower, and this indicates that the current subsistence level needs an upward revision. Today, the overall socio-economic situation in Ukraine is unfavourable for neoliberal economic reforms initiated by the government. Since these policies are primarily designed to reduce the role of state in managing the economy and implementing social welfare programmes, following this path will inevitably result in the entrenchment of mass poverty and in a major loss of Ukraine’s human potential, as well as labour force. The author argues that tackling the country’s chronic low income problem is only possible if a new strategy for socio-economic development is adopted, where social welfare is prioritised.

Asymmetric Policy of Border Area Development in Indonesia

2019 ◽  
Vol 118 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-85
Author(s):  
Rusdiyanta ◽  
M.Si¹ DanBambangPujiyono ◽  
MM ◽  
M.Si2
Keyword(s):  
Human Development ◽  
Social Services ◽  
Human Development Index ◽  
Development Policy ◽  
Innovative Development ◽  
Autonomous Region ◽  
Development Index ◽  
Left Behind ◽  
Border Areas ◽  
Area Development

The condition of the border areas in Indonesia is largely isolated, lagging, poor, and backward so as to require an affirmafive and innovative development policy. This study discusses the asymmetrical policy of Jokowi-JK government in the development of border areas in Indonesia. Most of the border areas are Underdeveloped Regions, so a symmetrical or special policy is required so that the development of border areas is not left behind with other regions or other countries. The implementation of the policy was carried out with the development of infrastructure and basic social services for the community as well as financial distribution, implementation of specific policies and arranging the formation of New Autonomous Region (DOB) in welfare-oriented border areas. This asymmetric policy encourages accelerated development in border areas so as to improve the human development index.

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