LIBRARY OF A NEW TYPE AS A CULTURAL UNIVERSAL

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-47
Author(s):  
A. S. Plyakhotko ◽  
◽  
E. M. Akulich ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Social Experience ◽  
Philosophical Foundations ◽  
Modern Library ◽  
New Type ◽  
Access To Knowledge ◽  
Social Organism ◽  
Changing Role

The relevance of the study of a new type of library as a cultural universal is due to the fact that the modern library remains the most democratic tool in the world for access to knowledge for all citizens, regardless of their age and social status. The library, being a social organism, cannot exist outside of the spiritual life of society, it is one of the most important tools of its development. Changing role of information in modern society directly affects the transformation of some functions of libraries. The study of the ontological foundations of the library can help to reveal its mission at the turn of the epochs. The aim of the study is to consider the phenomenon of the library in the historical context as an institution of culture, providing circulation of social experience. Transformations in the life of society and in the activity of the library as a social organism create the task of defining a strategy for its development. When considering this problem, a systematic approach was used. Culture is considered as a system of supra-biological programs, in which the library acts as an element of this system. General logical methods of cognition such as analogy, analysis, synthesis, generalization and prediction were also applied. The material of the article characterizes the library of a new type as a cultural universal, accumulating and broadcasting social experience. The article presents the philosophical foundations of the library in the context of the universals of culture, describes its main functions, reveals the essence and characteristics of the library of a new type, identifies socio-cultural practices as an important factor in the formation of information mobility of students. As a result of the study the following conclusions were made: 1. The ontological foundations of the traditional and modern library are common, which characterizes it as a cultural universal. 2. The transformation of the functions of modern libraries led to the emergence of a new type of library. 3. Consideration and study of the philosophical foundations of the library of a new type let to reveal its mission at the turn of the epochs, as well as to predict further ways of its development.

The Entrepreneurial University: Evidence of the Changing Role of Universities in Modern Russia

2014 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 271-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dina Williams ◽  
Alexey Kluev
Keyword(s):  
Entrepreneurial University ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Strategy Development ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
Innovation Development ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Managerial Competencies ◽  
New Type ◽  
Changing Role

This paper examines the evolution of the entrepreneurial function of Russia's leading universities: the study is based on a conceptualization of a university's entrepreneurial development pathway developed by the OECD in 2009. The data on entrepreneurship development were collected in 2012 through a survey of technology transfer and innovation development managers of 18 National Research Universities. The primary data were complemented by desktop analysis of the strategy development documents of the universities surveyed. The results suggest that in the period studied, 2008–2012, a new type of university, the entrepreneurial university, has emerged in Russia. However, these entrepreneurial universities are facing serious challenges in the implementation of an entrepreneurial, innovation-oriented mission due to the lack of managerial competencies and inadequate infrastructure development. The paper has significant theoretical and practical implications in shedding light on the development of the entrepreneurial university in Russia, where the process is still in its infancy. The authors depict a trajectory of entrepreneurial transformation in and barriers to this process that, it is argued, university executives and policy makers should take into consideration.

Designing Requirement of Spring and MR Damper for New Type Baby Car Seat

2015 ◽  
Vol 741 ◽  
pp. 28-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chang Hyun Cho ◽  
Seung Bok Choi
Keyword(s):  
Mr Damper ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Magnetorheological Damper ◽  
Car Seat ◽  
Car Safety ◽  
New Type ◽  
Design Requirements ◽  
The Law ◽  
Car Accident ◽  
Safety Seat

In modern society, a plenty of car accident is occurred and a lot of people get injury every day. For this reason, the importance of car safety has been increased and car safety has been extensively studied. Especially in many countries, the law about using baby safety seat is legislated to protect babies and children from accident. Thus, recently numerous products for baby safety have been developed. In this paper, a new type baby car seat is proposed to protect babies and children from frontal accident. In order to achieve this goal, design requirements of spring and MR(Magnetorheological) Damper which are main elements for a new type baby car seat are investigated.

scholarly journals THE ROLE OF THE FAMILY FOR GAINING SOCIAL EXPERIENCE AND ACQUIRING BEHAVIORAL MODELS AT PRE-SCHOOL AGE

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 915-919
Author(s):  
Krasimira Stefanova Petrova
Keyword(s):  
Social Environment ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Research Problem ◽  
Social Experience ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
School Age ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Impact

Pre-school age is an intensive period in the life of a person which offers great potential for development. The dimensions of the impact of the social environment (children, parents and other adults) on the child’s personality are multifaceted. This accounts for the emphasis on social norms, goals and ideals. Education is the one factor that can best provide the socialization of adolescents.The changes in modern society have led to redefining the parenting patterns for bringing up children. The role of the family as an environment for transferring social experience has never lost its significance. Children need continuous care in order to handle societal failures; they need support for mastering the culture of behavior, as well as timely and appropriate help for ensuring conflict-free communication and for enabling them to take responsibility for their own choices and actions.Psychological studies show that various factors influence both the upbringing of children as well as the parents’ attitudes towardsthem. The relevant factors include: the childhood experiences of the parents; the unrealized needs of the parents; interpersonal relations in the family that are characterized by emotional depth and style that are considered to have established "a standard".The parameters of the actuality of the research problem are based on the interrelationship of the social and educational aspects that are related to the position of the child and his personal assertion in society:- Atpre-schoolage, thechildgraduallyfitsintothesocialsystem, whichistheresult of learningexperiences, actionsandrelationships, awarenessandrediscovery of theselfandtheworld of otherpeople.- Thechildbecomesaware of thenorms of behaviorandthemeaning of actions–their ownandother people’s - andlearns to takeresponsibilityfortheiractions.- Oneyearbeforeschool starts, the childdevelopstheability to accepttheposition of othersand to takeintoaccounttheirownandothers’perspective.- For a successfulpersonalrealization, itisimportantforchildren to havetheskills to worktogetherandcommunicatein a group. Thisisthecompetencethatdirectstheirbehaviortowardsco-ordination, co-operationandsynergy.The abovementioned specific features of the child's personality are the result of the intentional educational interactions between the kindergarten and the family and are related to the acquisition of knowledge, rules and norms, and of value-oriented patterns that define behavior. The foundations for thisare laid during the pre-school age and are considered the most stable and lasting, often referred to as the "basic personality structure". Along with them, the "behavioral potential" of the child, which is demonstrated at different ages, is shaped and developedthrough upbringing. Consequently, behavior is seen as a specific manifestation of the personality associated with its selective attitude towards the influence of various factors in the social environment. The direction of the educational activitiesinspires the motivation for personal behavior aiming at growth and self-actualization. Hence, the presence of a certain skill level which imposes a new approach to learning - replacing the mechanical reproduction with the acquisition of competences for and attitudes towards interaction in a changing environment. What is appropriate for achieving these goals is the applicationof functional models for cooperation, individualization and differentiation of the educational process. These ensure that the child is provided with conditions for activity and for mastering basic, sustainable rules for conscious participation and development that are important for the success of each of his activities. This is a type of social education that is achieved through exploring the social fabric andacquiring the skills for learning, choosing and communicating.

Djalkiri

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Early 20Th Century ◽  
Philosophical Foundations ◽  
Collaborative Community ◽  
Arnhem Land ◽  
New Type ◽  
The University ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Over Time

Djalkiri are “footprints" – ancestral imprints on the landscape that provide the Yolŋu people of eastern Arnhem Land with their philosophical foundations. This book describes how Yolŋu artists and communities keep these foundations strong, and how they have worked with museums to develop a collaborative, community-led approach to the collection and display of their artwork. It includes contributions from Yolŋu elders and artists as well as Indigenous and non-Indigenous historians and curators. Together they explore how the relationship between communities and museums has changed over time. From the early 20th century, anthropologists and other collectors acquired artworks and objects and took photographs in Arnhem Land that became part of collections at the University of Sydney. Later generations of Yolŋu have sought out these materials and, with museum curators, proposed a new type of relationship, based on a deeper respect for Yolŋu intellectual frameworks and a commitment to their central role in curation. This book tells some of their stories.

Property as Ontology: On Aboriginal and English Understandings of Ownership

2000 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bradley Bryan
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Aboriginal Peoples ◽  
Philosophical Foundations ◽  
Philosophical Significance ◽  
Critical Knowledge ◽  
Cross Cultural Comparison ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Property Regimes ◽  
Ways Of Being

A critical knowledge of the evolution of the idea of property would embody, in some respects, the most remarkable portion of mental history of mankind.– L.H. MorganNow you try and say what is involved in seeing something as something. It is not easy.– Ludwig WittgensteinIn this paper I argue that a comparison of English and Aboriginal conceptions of property yields insight into the ontologically specific grounds that inform institutionalized socio-cultural practices like property. Where the foundations of English conceptions of property are highly rationalistic, Aboriginal conceptions eschew categorization and are indicative of a highly nuanced and different way of understanding the worldliness of a human being. As such, a comparison of such conceptions becomes not simply a comparison of ways of owning and possessing, but a cross-cultural comparison of ways of relating to the world at large for what are ostensibly economic purposes.To argue this is to assume that there is much more going on within culture that is determinative of ways of being than to simply assume that all cultures share universal cultural traits. In this paper I therefore discuss some of the philosophical foundations that underlie Western conceptions of the human’s relation to the world as embodied in principles of property law, as well as looking at the philosophical significance of that view. I also look at the way various Aboriginal peoples in Canada understand their own relationship to the world-at-large as it is expressed in what they understand as the property regimes of their society.

THE CONCEPT OF PILGRIMAGE IN THE CULTURE OF LATGALE

Via Latgalica ◽  
2014 ◽  
pp. 20
Author(s):  
Angelika Juško-Štekele
Keyword(s):  
Catholic Church ◽  
Emotional Experience ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Roman Catholic Church ◽  
Deep Roots ◽  
Sacred Place ◽  
Cultural Traditions ◽  
Religious Tourism

<p>The aim of the paper is to characterize pilgrimage as a significant concept in Latgalian culture by emphasizing pilgrimage’s dialectic comprehension and most essential manifestations in culture. The study use a linguistically culturological approach and reviews pilgrimage as a global and multilevel structure, that consists of conceptual, emotively evaluated, historical and etymological layers (Степанов 2001: 84). For this purpose there were used mainly such written sources as vocabularies, periodicals and fiction, that refer to pilgrimage.</p><p>While gathering various interpretations of sacredness and journeys, paper deals with four main comprehensions of pilgrimage in Latgale: firstly, pilgrimage as a religious activity, that means walking to a sacred place along with the prayers, secondly, pilgrimage as a social campaign for the affirmation of ideological efforts, thirdly, pilgrimage as an individual and sensitive search for the eternal values and, lastly, pilgrimage as a type of a religious tourism in contemporary post-modern society.</p><p>The beginning of Catholic pilgrimage tradition in Latgale usually tends to be associated with Aglona, when Dominicans or the so called White Fathers Order began their activities in the region in 1699. Today, within the Rēzekne–Aglona diocese of the Roman Catholic Church, there are several sites, which have been officially acknowledged as sacred on the basis of the corresponding features they possess. Primarily, it’s the altarpiece of the Virgin miracle-worker and other relics, that are special for the Christianity and where pilgrims may pray for health or any other mercy. Secondly, in the territory of the sacred place there may be located objects of nature, that bring health and blessing, for example, sacred spring.</p><p>The appreciation of religious pilgrimage in Latgalian culture has been also affected by the historical context. From 1918 to 1940 pilgrimage activity experienced especially strong prosperity, but it changed during the Soviet-era, when pilgrimage subject in mass media was forbidden and lost its official support, but it still continued to proceed. Organized pilgrimages to Aglona recurred only in 1989 along with the so called Third Latvian National Awakening.</p><p>Pilgrimage in Latgalian culture appears also as a social campaign for the affirmation of ideological efforts, where comprehension of sacredness from the scope of the Christian Religion transfers into secular every-day lifestyle and subjects to ideological dogmas of era. Such interpretation of pilgrimage especially activates during 1920s–1930s, as well as in 1940s and 1990s. The aspiration for such pilgrimage usually is a place, person or monument, but all pilgrimages that are distinctive to the affirmation of ideological efforts possess fragmentation feature. With the alterations within the ideological emphasis the idea of the ideological pilgrimage either disappears either transforms into ceremonial procession or simple memorial tribute.</p><p>Comprehension of the pilgrimage as an individual and sensitive search for the eternal values is more related to the individualized pilgrim’s motive, that is connected to emotional experience, namely, search for the deprecated and irreversible values. This motive is especially noticeable within the exiled Latgalians’ literature, where such personages as motherland, home, mother and mother’s tomb are united and related to the Virgin’s archetype. The pilgrimage process, that Latgalian exiled writers live through in their imagination, shows, that it is one of the most essential values, that is evaluated during the immense influence of foreign countries, that helps to preserve Latgalian identity at times while far away from home.</p><p>One of the most popular type of tourism today is religious tourism. In Latgale it began in the 20th century through periodicals of 1920s–1930s. Now it is an integral part of the global tourism industry, including both national and international projects.</p><p>Meaning diversification in the contextual semantics of the pilgrimage shows its deep roots in the Latgalian culture and how it merges universal, national, ethnic and denominational characteristic marks in cultural traditions.</p>

scholarly journals Cultura andina en la narrativa de la modernización de la Lima criolla

2019 ◽  
pp. 142-150
Author(s):  
Roberto Reyes Tarazona
Keyword(s):  
Population Growth ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Life Forms ◽  
Cultural Impact ◽  
Urban Experience ◽  
Native Culture ◽  
Palabras Clave ◽  
The Social ◽  
Julio Ramon Ribeyro

ResumenEl significativo crecimiento demográfico de Lima a partir de los años cincuenta tiene como base el desplazamiento de un número creciente de inmigrantes de la región andina hacia ella, principalmente de origen campesino. En las primeras oleadas, los limeños de toda condición social ponían desde reparos hasta rechazo a la presencia de estos inmigrantes, con escasa o nula experiencia urbana y arraigadas prácticas culturales originarias. Esto sucede en el contexto de favorables cambios en la economía y la aspiración a copiar formas de vida propios de una sociedad moderna. El impacto social y cultural en una ciudad en tránsito a la modernización va a ser el motivo de historias plasmadas en los cuentos y novelas de los escritores de esos años, principalmente de Enrique Congrains. A su obra, representativa de este fenómeno, se suman personajes e historias en la obra de Julián Huanay y Julio Ramón Ribeyro,entre otros. Palabras clave: ciudad criolla, migrantes andinos, experiencia urbana, cultura originaria. AbstractThe significant population growth of Lima from the 1950s is based on the displacement of an increasing number of immigrants from the Andean region towards the capital, mainly from a peasant population. In the first waves, people from Lima of all social status made everything from qualms to rejection to the presence of these immigrants, with little or no urban experience and ingrained original cultural practices. This happens in the context of favorable changes in the economy and the aspiration to reproduce life forms typical of a modern society. The social and cultural impact in a city in the transition to modernization will be the reason for stories embodied in the tales and novels of the writers of those years, mainly Enrique Congrains. To his work, which is representative of this phenomenon, are added characters and stories in the work of Julián Huanay and Julio Ramón Ribeyro, among others. Keywords: Creole city, Andean migrants, urban experience, native culture.

scholarly journals Iconic Character of Bestiary Images in the Novels of F. Werfel and E. Canetti

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 59-69
Author(s):  
Natalya Seibel ◽  
Julia Kazakova ◽  
Elena Shastina ◽  
Nailya Ziganshina
Keyword(s):  
World Literature ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Literary Text ◽  
Material Object ◽  
Philosophical Foundations ◽  
World Picture ◽  
The Status ◽  
Elias Canetti ◽  
Animal Images ◽  
Iconic Sign

The anthropomorphic depiction of animals bearing allegorical meanings is the well-represented and actively demanded bestiary of world literature. It reflects the mythological thinking of writers and is an integral part of the worldview basis on which literary works are based. Bestiary images in the artistic text acquire the status of universal representative symbols. This study discusses bestiary images in novelistic works of Austrian writers, Franz Werfel (1890-1945) and Elias Canetti (1905-1994). Using the semiotic approach, the researchers define a range of images and meanings that are related to these two writers as representatives of the era of historical upheavals and individual authorial purposes that reflect the basis of the worldview of each of them. A bestiary image in a literary text can function as an iconic sign, which, on the one hand, reflects the material object in its materiality, and on the other hand, contributes to the emerging of "new", constructed by analogy, aesthetic reality. The similarity to the referent, in this case, is included in the overall system of ontological values. An iconic sign, after Ch.S. Pierce, refers to a simple sign based on the similarity to a thing and participating in the creation of symptoms of a higher order – symbols. Bestiary images in a literary text acquire the status of universal representative characters. The functioning of animal images in the text, their nomination, combinatorics, communication with the elements, time periods, and behavioural patterns are the way of the study of the philosophical foundations of the author's world picture. Canetti’s bestiary is represented by metaphorical images of a monkey, a cat, a pig, and a tortoise, which are used as a tool for analysing various psychic and psychological states of the characters of the novel "Blinding" (Die Blendung, 1931-1932). Multiple forms of anthropopathy and zoomorphism are based on the writer's attitude towards the initial "equality" of man and animal. The study of zoopoetics (the term of J. Lacan) of Werfel’s novel "Barbara, or Piety" (Barbara oder die Frömigkeit, 1929) helps to reveal the axiological foundation upon which the writer constructs his novels. The functioning of images of animals, a horse, for example, is related to the semantics of sacrifice that is rethought and acquiring new meanings in a new historical context. Composite images connecting different characteristics and associated with various natural elements are important. It is apparent that the study of the works by Werfel and Canetti, given the iconic nature of bestiary images, seems relevant to detect common patterns of development of European literature and culture of the first third of the 20th Century.

scholarly journals FORMATION OF PROFESSIONAL COMPETENCIES SOLOISTS-VOCALISTS IN THE PROCESS OF TRAINING AT THE UNIVERSITY

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (75) ◽  
pp. 99-103
Author(s):  
I.M. Sigal ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Professional Education ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Professional Competencies ◽  
Cultural Workers ◽  
New Ideas ◽  
New Type ◽  
The University ◽  
University Training

Modern society is in need of a new type of specialists. These are people who have not just a set of knowledge, but such professional competencies that allow them to form new ideas and meanings. This concept applies equally to the technologies of training cultural workers. The article is devoted to the problems of professional education in the field of musical performing skills and the importance of an integrative competence approach to the university training of soloists-vocalists.

scholarly journals BAROQUE PLATONISM AND ROCOCO ARISTOTELISM IN INDEPENDENT RUSSIAN CULTURE

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 232-239
Author(s):  
Aleksandr V. Markov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
New Media ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Direct Experience ◽  
Russian Culture ◽  
Routine Work ◽  
Or Groups ◽  
New Type ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Modern Russian

In modern Russian culture, Platonism and Aristotelianism were normally opposed not only as philosophical, but also cultural programs. The paper proves that this resulted from an understanding of different media and art styles as frames of cultural practices. Baroque style alluded to Platonism, as symbolic and sublime, and requiring the routine work of old media, and Rococo style to Aristotelianism, as ephemeral and requiring any intervention of new media. In the poetry of Russian samizdat, the need to deal only with typewriting, which was understood as weak and not able to achieve largescale circulations, this conception of Baroque and Rococo was very intensive. Baroque in this case was conceptualized as the idea «life is a dream», as a grand empire style, as an immersion in illusion, as a result, images of the ship and sailing became central to the understanding of the Baroque. Moreover, the old media were understood here as false, if they could never be perceived in such a «dream», they turned out to be carriers of outdated information that does not correspond to the existential experience. Whereas Rococo was understood as pathetic adherence to everything ephemeral, as the use of artistic conventions supported by a new type of media, and thus as a way to return truth to art, as the truth of direct experience, not mediated by ready-made symbols. Such a confrontation differs from the usual Russian controversy of symbolism and acmeism, while both «baroque» and «rococo» are found within the same work, and in many verses of the leading poets of Samizdat the dispute between the two programs occurs within the same poem. Thus, the question of the relationship between Platonism and Aristotelianism is solved as structure-making, not within the framework of the struggle of aesthetic parties or groups.

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