Electrochemical biotesting technique as applied to comparative assessment of antimicrobial properties of essential oils

2021 ◽  
pp. 50-55
Author(s):  
V. S. Sibirtsev ◽  
U. Yu. Nechiporenko ◽  
V. L. Kabanov ◽  
M. Yu. Kukin
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Antibiotic Activity ◽  
Visual Methods ◽  
Vital Activity ◽  
Plant Raw Materials ◽  
Liquid Culture Medium ◽  
Microbiological Testing

A biotesting technique is described that provides for periodic (every 2 hours) recording of changes in pH, redox potential, and electrical conductivity of a liquid culture medium incubated in the presence and in the absence of viable test microorganisms (TM) and test samples (TS). The results of a comparative analysis using this technique of antibiotic activity against Staphylococcus aureus of different concentrations of «essential oils» obtained from 10 types of plant raw materials are presented. Based on this, we can conclude the following. Using the presented methodology, it is possible to assess the effect on the dynamics of the vital activity of TM of samples of various pharmaceutical, cosmetic, food, feed and other products, much more quickly, objectively and informatively than using standard visual methods of microbiological testing. The initial antibiotic activity of TS in most cases was greater than their prolonged antibiotic activity. At the same time, the mid-term (in terms of the time of interaction of TS with TM) antibiotic activity of TS was usually intermediate in value between their initial and prolonged biological activity.

scholarly journals Essential Oils: Pharmaceutical Applications and Encapsulation Strategies into Lipid-Based Delivery Systems

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 327
Author(s):  
Cinzia Cimino ◽  
Oriana Maria Maurel ◽  
Teresa Musumeci ◽  
Angela Bonaccorso ◽  
Filippo Drago ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Lipid Nanoparticles ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
Stereochemical Structure ◽  
Plant Raw Materials ◽  
High Volatility ◽  
Natural Remedies ◽  
Therapeutic Properties ◽  
Pharmaceutical Uses

Essential oils are being studied for more than 60 years, but a growing interest has emerged in the recent decades due to a desire for a rediscovery of natural remedies. Essential oils are known for millennia and, already in prehistoric times, they were used for medicinal and ritual purposes due to their therapeutic properties. Using a variety of methods refined over the centuries, essential oils are extracted from plant raw materials: the choice of the extraction method is decisive, since it determines the type, quantity, and stereochemical structure of the essential oil molecules. To these components belong all properties that make essential oils so interesting for pharmaceutical uses; the most investigated ones are antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, wound-healing, and anxiolytic activities. However, the main limitations to their use are their hydrophobicity, instability, high volatility, and risk of toxicity. A successful strategy to overcome these limitations is the encapsulation within delivery systems, which enable the increase of essential oils bioavailability and improve their chemical stability, while reducing their volatility and toxicity. Among all the suitable platforms, our review focused on the lipid-based ones, in particular micro- and nanoemulsions, liposomes, solid lipid nanoparticles, and nanostructured lipid carriers.

scholarly journals Electrochemical and Optical Microbiological Testing: a Comparative Study on Properties of Essential Oils

2020 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 650-659
Author(s):  
Vladimir Sibirtsev ◽  
Uliana Nechiporenko ◽  
Vladimir Kabanov ◽  
Mikhail Kukin
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Food Products ◽  
Antibiotic Activity ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Exact Nature ◽  
Cupressus Sempervirens ◽  
Microbiological Methods ◽  
Microbiological Testing ◽  
Express Methods

Introduction. The national economy is currently developing a system for monitoring the quality and safety of goods. Food products, ingredients, and additives possess various pro- and antibiotic properties. Therefore, available express methods of quantitative assessment of microbiological contamination are a relevant aspect of domestic food industry. Study objects and methods. The study featured ten essential oils of plant origin that can be used as functional additives to various food products. Results and its discussion. The research introduced a new biotesting technique for repetitive recording of changes in the intensity of elastic light dispersion. The technique made it possible to measure pH and electrical conductivity of a liquid nutrient medium incubated in the presence and absence of viable test microorganisms and test samples. The paper describes the results of this technique applied to a comparative analysis of antibiotic activity of various essential oils in different concentrations. As the concentrations of the test extracts decreased, their antibiotic activity monotonically also went down, while the probiotic activity increased. The shortterm biological activity of test samples appeared to be significantly higher than their long-term activity. The medium-term biological activity of the test samples was mostly intermediate in value. Only rarely did it exceed both the long- and short-term biological activity of the same TE. The essential oils obtained from the leaves of Thuja occidentalis, Eucalyptus globulus, and Cupressus sempervirens exhibited the most active and long antibiotic properties. Conclusion. The biological activity of food products, including various plant extracts, depends not only on the raw material and the extraction method, but also on the concentration of the extract in the product. As a rule, the exact nature of these dependencies can only be established empirically and requires a set of various tests. The present article introduces a new highly objective and informative express methodology that simplifies this process. The technique is less labor-, time-, and material-consuming than standard visual microbiological methods. It can be used to assess the effect of test samples on the vital activity of microorganisms in various foods, ingredients, and additives.

scholarly journals The technique of optical-electrochemical microbiological testing as applied to the comparative analysis of the prebiotic and antimicrobial properties of various plant extracts

2021 ◽  
pp. 26-38
Author(s):  
V. S. Sibirtsev ◽  
◽  
U. Yu. Nechiporenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Juglans Regia ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Viscum Album ◽  
Exact Nature ◽  
Chelidonium Majus ◽  
Vital Activity ◽  
Elastic Light Scattering ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Microbiological Testing

A biotesting technique is described that provides for periodic (every 2 h) recording of changes in the in-tensity of elastic light scattering, pH and electrical conductivity of a liquid nutrient medium incubated in the presence and absence of viable test microorganisms and test samples. The results of a comparative analysis using this technique of antibiotic activity against Staphylococcus aureus of different concentra-tions of whole subcritical extracts obtained using liquefied CO2 from 10 different types of plant raw mate-rials are presented. Studies have shown that among the samples studied by us, the most active prolonged antimicrobial properties were exhibited by extracts from the roots of Chelidonium majus and flowers of Calendula officinalis at their concentration in the test medium (CTE) more than 3 vol.%. And the most ac-tive prolonged prebiotic properties were exhibited by extracts from shoots of Viscum album and leaves of Juglans regia at CTE = 0.2 vol.%. In this case, the biological activity of the tested samples with respect to test microorganisms in most cases monotonically decreased with an increase in the interaction time of the mentioned microorganisms and samples. However, the exact nature of these dependencies in most cases can be established only with the help of a significant number of tests. And the latter can be conveniently carried out using the methodology presented in this work, which allows a much more rapid, objective and informative, as well as much less laborious and material-intensive, than when using standard visual mi-crobiological methods, to assess the effect on the dynamics of the vital activity of microorganisms of vari-ous tested samples.

LEVISTICUM OFFICINALE (F. APIACEAE): HABITAT, BOTANICAL DESCRIPTION AND CHEMICAL COMPOSITION (REVIEW)

2021 ◽  
pp. 67-75
Author(s):  
Kubasova E.D. ◽  
Korelskaya G.V. ◽  
Kubasov R.V.
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Biologically Active Substances ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Universal System ◽  
Plant Raw Materials ◽  
Active Substances

The Medicinal Lovage (Levisticum Officinale) grows almost everywhere. In order to use Levisticum Officinale in economic needs, including in medicine, a number of countries are specially engaged in its cultivation. The analysis of the scientific literature revealed a large number of publications confirming the diverse chemical spectrum of rhizomes, roots and herbs of the medicinal lovage. In this regard, it is used as a medicinal raw material and is included in a number of European Pharmacopoeias. For medical purposes, all parts of this plant that contain biologically active substances can be used. Levisticum officinale contains various phytochemical compounds and secondary metabolites – terpenoids, flavonoids, essential oils, phthalides, polyacetylenes, coumarins, phenylpropanoids, alkaloids, tannins, phenolic acids, polyacetylenes. All of them have properties that can have a therapeutic effect on the organism. The composition of essential oils of Levisticum Officinale is the most studied. It is mainly represented by monoterpene hydrocarbons, sexwiterpenes and phthalides. There are some differences in the chemical composition of Levisticum Officinale. Most scientists agree that such a discrepancy may be related to the period and process of harvesting plant raw materials, age, genotype of the plant, climatic conditions and place of growth, as well as the method of extraction and the method of identification and quantitative determination of biologically active substances. Therefore, there is a problem of a single universal system of preparation and further use of raw materials. The development of modern methods for analyzing the raw materials of lovage and the study of its chemical composition creates prerequisites for expanding its use as a medicinal plant.

scholarly journals Growth and development of phytopathogenic micromycetes under the influence of a mixture of essential oils

2020 ◽  
pp. 193-198
Author(s):  
I. Beznosko ◽  
N. Kosovska ◽  
V. Mineralova ◽  
V.V. Kozin ◽  
O. Mineralov
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Fusarium Graminearum ◽  
Alternaria Alternata ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Trichoderma Viride ◽  
Phytopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Organic Production ◽  
Plant Raw Materials ◽  
Safe Level ◽  
The Creation

The creation a new biological preparations on based vegetable oils is a promising direction in improving the efficiency organic production a plant products in Ukraine. Their ecological expediency consists in safety for the person, environment, animals, entomophagous that gives the chance to receive ecologically safe production. It was studied the sensitivity a phytopathogenic fungi Fusarium graminearum, Alternaria alternata, Trichodérma víride to essential oils of basil and cinnamon. It is showed that the essential oils of basil and cinnamon are inhibit the growth, the development and sporulation phytopathogenic fungi Fusarium graminearum, Alternaria alternata, Trichodérma víride at an environmentally safe level. This indicates their high prospects in the creation the biological products for use in organic production, which will reduce the cost of plant raw materials and improve its quality.

scholarly journals OPTIMIZATION OF THE COMPOSITION OF LIGNOCELLULOSIC SUBSTRATE BASED ON PEAT AND STRAW FOR THE CULTIVATION OF MUSHROOMS PLEUROTUS OSTREATUS

2019 ◽  
pp. 225-230
Author(s):  
Vadim Vyacheslavovich Leonov ◽  
Svetlana Pavlovna Prontisheva ◽  
Ivan Aleksandrovich Bulatov ◽  
Lyubov' Vyacheslavovna Leonova ◽  
Maksim Viktorovich Efanov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Pleurotus Ostreatus ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Component Composition ◽  
Lignocellulosic Substrate ◽  
Plant Raw Materials ◽  
Mass Fractions ◽  
Oyster Mushrooms ◽  
Growth Of Fungi

The aim of the study was to optimize the composition of lignocellulosic substrate based on peat and straw for growing fungi Pleurotus ostreatus. To achieve this goal, the following main tasks were set: analysis of the initial plant raw materials of peat and straw; study of the effect of an aqueous extract of peat on the growth of fungi Pleurotus ostreatus; study of the effect of the component composition of the substrate on the cultivation of oyster mushrooms. Investigated the influence of the following relations medium : an aqueous extract of peat– 1 : 1; 1 : 2; 1 : 3; 1 : 4 and 1 : 10. The growth of fungi Pleurotus ostreatus was controlled by reducing the concentration of glucose and increasing the concentration of total protein in the culture medium. The kinetic characteristics of the growth of fungi Pleurotus ostreatus are determined from changes in the mass fractions of lignin, cellulose, easily and hardly hydrolyzed polysaccharides in substrates depending on the duration of cultivation of oyster mushrooms. It is shown that the lignocarbon straw complex is more available for biodegradation than the lignocarbon peat complex. It was found that the addition of peat to the substrate together with straw creates optimal conditions for the growth of fungi Pleurotus ostreatus. To optimize the production of Pleurotus ostreatus, it is advisable to recommend a combined substrate with the following ratios of peat to breakage – 30 : 70% or 40 : 60%, respectively.

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF BIOACTIVE SUBSTANCES CONTENT IN THE LEAVES AND FRUITS OF A ROWAN-TREE (SORBUS AUCUPARIA FRUCTUS) AND ASSESSMENT OF PROSPECTS IN MEDICINE AND PHARMACY

2020 ◽  
pp. 58-62
Author(s):  
Chernichkina A.D.
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Wide Distribution ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Bioactive Substances ◽  
Plant Raw Materials ◽  
Mountain Ash ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Active Substances ◽  
Pectin Substances

A large number of biologically active substances, organic acids, tannins, and pectin substances were detected during the study of fruits, leaves, and pulp of the fruits of mountain Ash. The content of these substances in leaves and pulp will significantly expand the arsenal of medicinal plant raw materials used. Given the wide distribution of mountain Ash in the territory of the Russian Federation, harvesting leaves from the same plants after harvesting the fruit and using pulp will make it possible to obtain new phytopreparations.

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