Overtourism: Residents’ perceived impacts of tourism saturation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristiane Berselli ◽  
Lucimari Acosta Pereira ◽  
Tércio Pereira ◽  
Flôres Limberger
Keyword(s):  
Public Services ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Environmental Indicators ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Host Community ◽  
Economic Costs ◽  
Consumer Market ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Perceived Impacts

Tourism is a dynamic industry due to changes in the consumer market, and its constant development impacts the host community. Although the adverse outcomes of tourism are not a new phenomenon, new dynamics make this issue of ongoing importance. Governments see the activity primarily as fostering economic development in developing countries with little concern about possible overtourism. This paper aims to identify which indicators influence residents’ perceptions of tourist saturation as an indication of overtourism. These perceptions are examined as a multidimensional construct, comprised of several indicators, namely environmental, cultural, behavioral, public services, benefits, and economic costs. The proposed model is assessed with a sample of 477 residents in coastal destinations of Santa Catarina, Brazil. The results show that the perception of excessive numbers of tourists is increased by environmental indicators, economic costs, and behavioral indicators. These indicators contribute to a greater perception of overtourism. In contrast, the indicators of economic benefits and public services show a negative relationship with the perception of overtourism. This research indicates that when the population realizes the economic benefits and has access to quality public services, the perception of overtourism is lower. The findings contribute to the literature on overtourism in certain destinations.

The Perceived Impacts of Sport Tourism: An Urban Host Community Perspective

2010 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy Hritz ◽  
Craig Ross
Keyword(s):  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Host Community ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Sport Tourism ◽  
Tourism Impacts ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Perceived Impacts ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Social Environmental

Sport tourism is one of the fastest growing market segments in the tourism industry and is receiving increased attention for its social, environmental, and economic impacts upon destinations. Prior research in tourism impacts has tended to focus exclusively on tourism as a whole and does not differentiate among the different types of tourism that may be present in a destination. The purpose of this study was to examine how residents of Indianapolis, Indiana perceived the impacts sport tourism has upon their city. A total of 347 surveys were returned in a mailed questionnaire. Exploratory factor analysis revealed a four factor structure of social benefits, environmental benefits, economic benefits, and general negative impacts. Social and economic benefits were strong predictors for support for further sport tourism development revealing a strong identification with the advantages of sport tourism in their city such as an increased cultural identity and social interaction opportunities.

scholarly journals Empirical Research on the Process of Land Resource-Asset-Capitalization—A Case Study of Yanba, Jiangjin District, Chongqing

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 1236
Author(s):  
Weiguo Fan ◽  
Nan Chen ◽  
Ximeng Li ◽  
Hejie Wei ◽  
Xuechao Wang
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Empirical Research ◽  
Life Cycle Cost ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Environmental Indicators ◽  
Land Policy ◽  
Land Resource ◽  
Economic Costs ◽  
Whole Process

As an effective land policy that can invigorate rural construction areas and balance urban and rural development, land tickets not only concretely embody the land resource-asset-capitalization process, but also bring economic benefits to the farmers concerned. However, from the perspective of resource-asset-capitalization, the specific environmental impacts and economic costs of the process in land tickets and the changes in the values of ecosystem services need to be considered. This paper uses land tickets in Yanba, Jiangjin, Chongqing as an example, combined with life cycle assessment (LCA), life cycle cost assessment (LCC), and methods for the evaluation of ecosystem services to quantify the environmental load, economic costs, and changes in the value of ecosystem services in the process of land resource-asset-capitalization. Moreover, through this analysis, we attempted to determine the contributions of different environmental indicators and the key links restricting the whole process of land resource-asset-capitalization. On this basis, through a sensitivity analysis, we explored the possibility of reducing environmental impact during the whole process of land resource-asset-capitalization. Through this research, we sought to explore the realization process of land tickets and to enrich the empirical research on land resource-asset-capitalization.

scholarly journals An Intelligent Marshalling Model for Enterprise Station Freight Railway

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junxia Guo ◽  
Gang Lu ◽  
Zili Xie ◽  
Jiawei Wen ◽  
Nanshan Xu
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Economic Cost ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Path Selection ◽  
Railway Track ◽  
Production Task ◽  
Train Station ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Energy Consuming

Railway marshalling and transportation is an important component of the production supply chain for large and medium-sized enterprises in China. Traditional inefficient manual-made marshalling plans usually are not optimal in time or energy consuming. An efficient method needs to be developed to find the optimal marshalling plans automatically. This paper mainly studies the railway train automatic marshalling in large and medium-sized enterprises in China. Based on the investigation at the train station of a certain enterprise, according to the railway track information, carriage information, and production task information, this paper designs the abstracted railway state definitions of the station. Then based on the state definitions, the scheduling rules, and the objective function of time cost and economic cost, this paper converts abstract scheduling instructions into a general railway automatic marshalling model which can be executed by computers. By introducing the greedy strategies into different situations to optimize the algorithm of tracks occupation, carriages selection and train path selection in the model, the planning efficiency can be improved while ensuring the economic benefits of the enterprises and the quality of the formation plan. The experimental results show that the proposed model can generate fewer marshalling plans and find the optimal one faster in most cases, which proves the feasibility and availability of the model.

scholarly journals A Proposed Model for Inheritance of Primocane Fruiting in Tetraploid Erect Blackberry

2000 ◽  
Vol 125 (2) ◽  
pp. 217-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose Lopez-Medina ◽  
James N. Moore ◽  
Ronald W. McNew
Keyword(s):  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Recessive Gene ◽  
Segregation Ratio ◽  
Breeding Strategies ◽  
Single Recessive Gene ◽  
Tetrasomic Inheritance ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Inheritance Model ◽  
Diallel Crossing ◽  
Scheme Selection

Inheritance of the primocane-fruiting (PF) characteristic was studied in seedling populations of tetraploid (4x) blackberries (Rubus subgenus Rubus). Four selections (A-1836, A-593, A-830, and A-1680) and two cultivars (`Arapaho' and `Shawnee') were used as parents in a full diallel crossing scheme. Selection A-593 was used as the main source for PF due to its origin (`Brazos' × `Hillquist,' the latter an old PF cultivar). All parents except `Shawnee' have A-593 in their parentage; among the parents, only A-1836 fully expresses PF. Selfing of A-1836 resulted in 100% PF offspring, indicating that A-1836 is homozygous for this trait. Selfing of A-593, A-830, and `Arapaho' produced either a 35:1 or a 20.8:1 FF (floricane or summer-fruiting):PF segregation ratio, fitting a tetrasomic inheritance model under either random chromosome assortment (RCSA) or random chromatid assortment (RCTA), respectively, also suggesting that PF is controlled by a single recessive gene and that the parents are duplex (AAaa) for this trait. Selection A-1680 and `Shawnee' selfed did not produce PF progeny, but when crossed with the nulliplex A-1836, gave a 27:1 FF:PF ratio, indicating RCTA and that they are triplex (AAAa) for PF. According to these research, both gametic outputs (RCSA and RCTA) seem to operate in 4x blackberry. The intensity in expression of PF had a negative relationship with time to harvest, with those seedlings showing the highest PF scores producing a crop in early to mid-August. This knowledge will be helpful in implementing breeding strategies to produce PF blackberry cultivars.

Towards Public Services and Process Integration

2013 ◽  
pp. 275-287
Author(s):  
Guillermo Infante Hernández ◽  
Aquilino A. Juan Fuente ◽  
Benjamín López Pérez ◽  
Edward Rolando Núñez-Valdéz
Keyword(s):  
Process Model ◽  
Public Services ◽  
Process Integration ◽  
Domain Specific ◽  
Modeling Environment ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Domain Specific Modeling ◽  
Hardware Platforms ◽  
Business Requirements ◽  
Integration Rules

Software platforms for e-government transactions may differ in developed functionalities, languages and technologies, hardware platforms, and operating systems that support them. Those differences can be found among public organizations that share common processes, services, and regulations. This scenario hinders interoperability between these organizations. Hence, to find a technique for integrating these platforms becomes a necessity. In this chapter, a rule-based domain-specific modeling environment for public services and process integration is suggested, which consists of common identified public service elements and a set of process integration rules. This approach provides the needed integration or interoperability pursued in this domain. Furthermore a service and process model is proposed to formalize the information needed for integration of both. A set of integration rules is also presented as part of the modeling environment. This set of integration rules completes the proposed model to meet the business requirements of this domain.

scholarly journals Conceptual Model for Mutual (Host-Guest) Authentication of Intangible Cultural Heritage

2019 ◽  
pp. 160
Author(s):  
Shahida Khanom ◽  
Noel Scott ◽  
Millicent Kennelly ◽  
Brent Moyle
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Conceptual Model ◽  
Mutual Authentication ◽  
Indigenous Communities ◽  
Community Empowerment ◽  
Host Community ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Intangible Cultural Heritage ◽  
Social Psychological ◽  
Proposed Model

The intangible cultural heritage (ICH) of indigenous communities is an attraction to many tourists. Authentic ICH experiences rely on the perceptions and actions of both the host community and guests, a topic which has received with limited scholarly attention, particularly in recent research. This paper presents a conceptual model examining how the mutual (host-guest) authentication of ICH (integrating the perceptions of both hosts and guests) can potentially lead to community empowerment. A literature review has identified that the host community?s attitude and motivation towards ICH, their psychological and economic benefit from ICH, and their participation or involvement in the ICH, together influence the authentication of ICH by these communities. Similarly, a guest?s attitude to and motivation for ICH as well as the way the traditional objects, events or environment are experienced, influence the authentication of ICH. The proposed mutual ICH authentication model combines the interaction of such host and guest factors in authentication of ICH, i.e. both the host community and guest should perceive the same elements as authentic ICH through a synthesis of their own unique perspectives. The perceived authenticity of ICH by the host and guest is reflected in their loyalty, satisfaction, and support for tourism. Further, the model suggests that tourism based on authentic ICH has the potential to empower local communities in their economic, social, psychological and political domains. The proposed model may be useful for future research defining power relations in the authentication of ICH and improving community-based ecotourism through community empowerment. Keywords: intangible cultural heritage, authenticity, mutual authentication, cultural tourism, community empowerment

scholarly journals Does Information Asymmetry Impact Sub-Regions’ Cooperation of Regional Water Resource Allocation?

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (21) ◽  
pp. 4292
Author(s):  
Li Pan ◽  
Xudong Chen ◽  
Lu Zhao ◽  
Anran Xiao
Keyword(s):  
Information Asymmetry ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Water Allocation ◽  
Stackelberg Game ◽  
Regional Cooperation ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Allocation Model ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
The Social ◽  
Regional Water

Water resources allocation is an urgent problem for basin authorities. In order to obtain greater economic benefits from limited water supplies, sub-regions must cooperate with each other. To study the influence of cooperation among sub-regions and the symmetry of cooperation information on the interests of the basin authority and each sub-region, this study proposes a regional water allocation model in three different situations: (1) non-cooperation; (2) cooperation and information symmetry; (3) cooperation and information asymmetry. The proposed model clearly reflects the Stackelberg game relationship between the basin authority and sub-regions. Finally, the model is applied to the Qujiang River Basin in China, and the decisions of the basin authority and sub-regional managers of the Qujiang River Basin under three different situations are discussed. The results show that regional cooperation benefits both the cooperative regions and the social welfare value of the entire river basin, when compared with non-cooperation.

scholarly journals A Multiple-Input Neural Network Model for Predicting Cotton Production Quantity: A Case Study

Algorithms ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 273
Author(s):  
Ioannis E. Livieris ◽  
Spiros D. Dafnis ◽  
George K. Papadopoulos ◽  
Dionissios P. Kalivas
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Network Model ◽  
Neural Network Model ◽  
Computational Cost ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Mixed Data ◽  
Cotton Production ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Multiple Input ◽  
Fully Connected

Cotton constitutes a significant commercial crop and a widely traded commodity around the world. The accurate prediction of its yield quantity could lead to high economic benefits for farmers as well as for the rural national economy. In this research, we propose a multiple-input neural network model for the prediction of cotton’s production. The proposed model utilizes as inputs three different kinds of data (soil data, cultivation management data, and yield management data) which are treated and handled independently. The significant advantages of the selected architecture are that it is able to efficiently exploit mixed data, which usually requires being processed separately, reduces overfitting, and provides more flexibility and adaptivity for low computational cost compared to a classical fully-connected neural network. An empirical study was performed utilizing data from three consecutive years from cotton farms in Central Greece (Thessaly) in which the prediction performance of the proposed model was evaluated against that of traditional neural network-based and state-of-the-art models. The numerical experiments revealed the superiority of the proposed approach.

scholarly journals Estimating the Perceived Socio-Economic Impacts of Hosting Large-Scale Sport Tourism Events

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marko Perić
Keyword(s):  
Community Development ◽  
Social Exchange ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Social Exchange Theory ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Host Community ◽  
Environmental Concerns ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Sport Events

Large-scale sport events help attract a wide range of attendees, resulting in various implications for the host community. This paper is concerned with understanding the legacy of the 13th EHF European Handball Championship, held in Croatia in January 2018, by assessing the event’s economic and social benefits and costs. Drawing on the Social Exchange Theory, it also examines if any significant differences exist between host city residents and non-host city residents regarding their perceived impacts of this event on the host cities. The number of impacts was reduced by Exploratory Factor Analysis. Differences between host city and non-host city residents were examined by an independent samples t-test. The results suggest that community development and pride, security risks, traffic problems, economic benefits, environmental concerns, and economic costs are the main impact dimensions. Non-host city residents expressed a higher level of agreement with most of the impacts, but significant differences exist primarily within the dimensions of community development and pride, economic benefits, traffic problems, and environmental concerns. These findings could benefit event planners and sport marketers when trying to acquire community-wide support and to better understand how residents perceive both the positive and negative impacts that events generate.

scholarly journals The cost of not breastfeeding: global results from a new tool

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 407-417 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dylan D Walters ◽  
Linh T H Phan ◽  
Roger Mathisen
Keyword(s):  
Type Ii Diabetes ◽  
National Income ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Treatment Costs ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Economic Costs ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Support Strategies ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Access Data

Abstract Evidence shows that breastfeeding has many health, human capital and future economic benefits for young children, their mothers and countries. The new Cost of Not Breastfeeding tool, based on open access data, was developed to help policy-makers and advocates have information on the estimated human and economic costs of not breastfeeding at the country, regional and global levels. The results of the analysis using the tool show that 595 379 childhood deaths (6 to 59 months) from diarrhoea and pneumonia each year can be attributed to not breastfeeding according to global recommendations from WHO and UNICEF. It also estimates that 974 956 cases of childhood obesity can be attributed to not breastfeeding according to recommendations each year. For women, breastfeeding is estimated to have the potential to prevent 98 243 deaths from breast and ovarian cancers as well as type II diabetes each year. This level of avoidable morbidity and mortality translates into global health system treatment costs of US$1.1 billion annually. The economic losses of premature child and women’s mortality are estimated to equal US$53.7 billion in future lost earnings each year. The largest component of economic losses, however, is the cognitive losses, which are estimated to equal US$285.4 billion annually. Aggregating these costs, the total global economic losses are estimated to be US$341.3 billion, or 0.70% of global gross national income. While the aim of the tool is to capture the majority of the costs, the estimates are likely to be conservative since economic costs of increased household caregiving time (mainly borne by women), and treatment costs related to other diseases attributable to not breastfeeding according to recommendations are not included in the analysis. This study illustrates the substantial costs of not breastfeeding, and potential economic benefits that could be generated by government and development partners’ investments in scaling up effective breastfeeding promotion and support strategies.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document