Antibiotic Molecules Efficacy in Pediatric Bacterial Infections

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (4) ◽  
pp. 915-920
Author(s):  
Petronela Cristina Chiriac ◽  
Vladimir Poroch ◽  
Alina Mihaela Pascu ◽  
Mircea Daniel Hogea ◽  
Ileana Antohe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Streptococcus Pneumoniae ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Clavulanic Acid ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Penicillin G ◽  
Acute Therapy ◽  
Amoxicillin Clavulanic Acid

The antibiotic resistance of microorganisms involved in pediatric infections represents a significant cause of healthcare-associated infections (HAIs), and is also a matter of management, requiring specific intervention. The aim of the study was to evaluate the efficacy of some antibiotic molecules on pathogens isolated from patients admitted in a pediatric hospital. We carried out a descriptive study on a group of 411 patients admitted to the Sf. MariaClinical Emergency Hospital for Children Iasi, between January 1st and March 31st, 2016. Bacterial infections were most prevalent in the age group of 0-1 year (54.98% of the total isolates). Most affected by multidrug-resistant bacterial infections services were: general pediatrics (24.08% of the total isolates), then the intensive care unit (19.95%), surgical wards (14.84%), and acute therapy (11.43%). The germs were isolated from pathological samples: most often pus (23.85%), hypo-pharyngeal aspiration (21.65%), conjunctival secretion (12.42%), and ear secretion (9.48%). Penicillin G and oxacillin were inefficient in 30.26% of the Staphylococcus aureus strains, while erythromycin in 18.42%. Antibiotic resistance of Streptococcus pneumoniae was observed for penicillin G in 7.14% of the strains, while for erythromycin in 13.09%. Klebsiella pneumoniae strains were resistant to amoxicillin + clavulanic acid in 35.85% of the cases, and to cefuroxime, ceftazidime, ceftriaxone, cefepime in 33.96%. Our study highlighted that Staphylococcus aureus was resistant to penicillin G and oxacillin in more than one-third of the isolates, Streptococcus pneumoniae was resistant to penicillin G and erythromycin, and Klebsiella pneumoniae to amoxicillin + clavulanic acid and 1st, 2nd and 3rd generation cephalosporins. Continuing antibioresistance monitoring is crucial in order to promote appropriate guidelines in antibiotic prescription, which could result in decreasing HAIs� rates.

scholarly journals Novel Antibiotic Combinations of Diverse Subclasses for Effective Suppression of Extensively Drug-Resistant Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Shumyila Nasir ◽  
Muhammad Sufyan Vohra ◽  
Danish Gul ◽  
Umm E Swaiba ◽  
Maira Aleem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Clavulanic Acid ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Development Of Resistance ◽  
Amoxicillin Clavulanic Acid ◽  
Combination Antibiotics ◽  
Time Kill

The emergence of multidrug-resistant pathogens such as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), the chief etiological agent for a range of refractory infections, has rendered all β-lactams ineffective against it. The treatment process is further complicated with the development of resistance to glycopeptides, primary antibiotics for treatment of MRSA. Antibiotic combination therapy with existing antimicrobial agents may provide an immediate treatment option. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of 18 different commercially available antibiotics were determined along with their 90 possible pairwise combinations and 64 triple combinations to filter out 5 best combinations. Time-Kill kinetics of these combinations were then analyzed to find collateral bactericidal combinations which were then tested on other randomly selected MRSA isolates. Among the top 5 combinations including levofloxacin-ceftazidime; amoxicillin/clavulanic acid-tobramycin; amoxicillin/clavulanic acid-cephradine; amoxicillin/clavulanic acid-ofloxacin; and piperacillin/tazobactam-tobramycin, three combinations were found to be collaterally effective. Levofloxacin-ceftazidime acted synergistically in 80% of the tested clinical MRSA isolates. First-line β-lactams of lower generations can be used effectively against MRSA infection when used in combination. Antibiotics other than glycopeptides may still work in combination.

Investigation of the antibiotic resistance and biofilm formation of Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from gangrenous mastitis of ewes

2012 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 189-197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Osman Tel ◽  
Özkan Aslantaş ◽  
Oktay Keskin ◽  
Ebru Yilmaz ◽  
Cemil Demir
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Virulence Factor ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Genes ◽  
Penicillin G ◽  
Beta Lactamase ◽  
Potential Virulence Factor ◽  
Amoxicillin Clavulanic Acid

In this study,Staphylococcus aureusstrains (n = 110) isolated from seven ewe flocks in Sanliurfa, Turkey were screened for antibiotic resistance and biofilmforming ability as well as for genes associated with antibiotic resistance and biofilm-forming ability. All isolates were found to be susceptible to oxacillin, gentamicin, clindamycin, cefoxitin, tetracycline, vancomycin, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, ciprofloxacin and sulphamethoxazole-trimethoprim. The percent proportions of strains resistant to penicillin G, ampicillin and erythromycin were 27.2% (n = 30), 25.4% (n = 28) and 6.3% (n = 7), respectively. Regarding the antibiotic resistance genes, 32 (29%) isolates carried theblaZ and 8 (7.2%) theermC gene. Other resistance genes were not detected in the isolates. All isolates showed biofilm-forming ability on Congo red agar (CRA), while 108 (98.18%) and 101 (91.81%) of them were identified as biofilm producers by the use of standard tube (ST) and microplate (MP) methods, respectively. All isolates carried theicaA andicaD genes but none of them harboured thebapgene. The results demonstrated thatS. aureusisolates from gangrenous mastitis were mainly resistant to penicillins (which are susceptible to the staphylococcal beta-lactamase enzyme), and less frequently to erythromycin. Furthermore, all of theS. aureusisolates produced biofilm which was considered a potential virulence factor in the pathogenesis of staphylococcal mastitis.

Multidrug-resistant pathogens isolated from ready-to-eat salads available at a local market in Pakistan

2016 ◽  
Vol 118 (8) ◽  
pp. 2068-2075 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sana Ilyas ◽  
Muhammad Usman Qamar ◽  
Muhammad Hidayat Rasool ◽  
Nazia Abdulhaq ◽  
Zeeshan Nawaz
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Clavulanic Acid ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
National Level ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Local Market ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Amoxicillin Clavulanic Acid ◽  
Multidrug Resistant Pathogens

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the frequency and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of pathogens present in ready-to-eat salads available at a local market. Design/methodology/approach – A 100 salad samples were collected aseptically. Each sample (25 g) was homogenized in 225 ml of sterile peptone water and was serially diluted up to 1×106. Dilutions were inoculated on nutrient agar by surface spread plate technique. Aerobic colony count (ACC) was estimated by counting the colonies. Bacterial isolates were cultured on blood and MacConkey agar and identified on the basis of their morphology, culture characteristics and confirmed by API 20E and 20NE. Antimicrobial susceptibility was determined as per CLSI 2014. Findings – ACC range was 1.1×103 cfu/g to 5.8×109 cfu/g. Among these the highest ACC was found in channa chat (4.9×104 to 5.8×109 cfu/g). A total of 127 microorganisms were identified; 73 were gram negative rods (GNRs) and 24 were gram positive cocci (GPC). Among GNRs; Klebsiella spp. (n=18) was the predominant whereas among GPC, Staphylococcus aureus (n=6) were the chief pathogen. Klebsiella spp. showed 100 percent resistance to ampicillin, 89-78 percent to amoxicillin/clavulanic acid and 33 percent to imipenem, however, Enterobacter spp. were resistant to ampicillin (100 percent) amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (77 percent) and imipenem (23 percent). Staphylococcus aureus showed resistance to co-amoxiclav (83 percent) and penicillin (75 percent). Practical implications – This study revealed that effective control measures must been implemented and respected by throughout the entire food chain and better surveillance studies should be performed at national level to reduce the spread of bacteria by fresh salads. Originality/value – This paper explore the high prevalence of multidrug-resistant pathogens in different salads and most of the salads were found to be unhygienic for consumption.

scholarly journals STUDY OF ANTIBIOTIC-RESISTANCE AND SENSITIVITY PATTERN IN A TERTIARY CARE TEACHING HOSPITAL

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 161-168
Author(s):  
Sailajapriyadarsini Parlapalli ◽  
◽  
V.V Padmavathy ◽  
Gunapati Rama Mohan Reddy ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Clavulanic Acid ◽  
Body Fluid ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Sensitivity Pattern ◽  
Amoxicillin Clavulanic Acid

Introduction: Antibiotics are helpful in bacterial infection control and management. Irrational antibiotic use leads to resistance, which puts modern medicines achievements at risk. This study aims to know antibiotic resistance and sensitivity patterns and to assess possible factors that favor the development of antibiotic resistance. Methods: It is a retrospective observational study. Data collected from June 2019 to May 2020 from the culture & sensitivity records of various clinical isolates at the Microbiology department of SMC, Vijayawada, and analyzed by descriptive statistics. Results: Total samples collected 2905. Only746 samples showed significant growth. Most commonly, isolated organisms were from Pus and Body fluids Staphylococcus aureus (31.16%), Klebsiella (23.02%), from blood samples Staphylococcus aureus (44%,) Klebsiella (32%), from urine samples Escherichia coli (27.31%),Staphylococcus aureus (16.66%). Bacteria isolated from, Blood and Pus & body fluid samples showed more resistance to Amoxicillin + Clavulanic acid, 60% &58.60%, and urine samples showed more resistance to Norfloxacin69.44%. Conclusion: In this study, bacteria isolated from, blood, pus, and body fluid samples showed more resistance to Amoxicillin + Clavulanic acid, from urine samples showed more resistance to Norfloxacin. Parenterally used drugs like aminoglycosides and vancomycin have retained their sensitivity but bacteria also showed resistance to Imipenem, Vancomycin, new combinations like Cefoperazone + Sulbactam. A culture & sensitivity test and following antibiotic stewardship guidelines before prescribing antibiotics will give good results to prevent antibiotic resistance.

scholarly journals Sensitivity to Antibiotics of Staphylococcus Aureus Strains, Able to Biofilm Formation

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 226-231
Author(s):  
A. O. Vashchenko ◽  
◽  
Yu. S. Voronkova ◽  
A. I. Vinnikov ◽  
T. N. Shevchenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Clavulanic Acid ◽  
Rapid Determination ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Opportunistic Bacteria ◽  
Amoxicillin Clavulanic Acid

The problem of respiratory diseases associated with staphylococcal carriers is considered to be one of the most acute in modern society due to its high prevalence and problems with treatment due to the high resistance of these bacteria to antibiotics. The purpose of the study was to determine the sensitivity of Staphylococcus aureus strains, able to form biofilm, isolated from the upper respiratory tract of human. Materials and methods. Bacteriological methods of isolation and identification of staphylococci, the method of rapid determination of the ability to form biofilm on a tablet and the disk-diffusion method of determining the susceptibility to antibiotics were used to perform the research. As a result of the conducted researches it was established that in the structure of pathogens of exacerbations of seasonal rhinitis S. aureus prevailed. It was isolated from 34 samples of biological material from the nose, which accounted for 69.4% of all examined cases of rhinitis. Staphylococcus spp. (6.1%) and Streptococcus spp. (24.5%) among the isolated strains of S. aureus, 27 (79.4%) had the ability to form a biofilm. A feature associated with antibiotic resistance is the ability of strains of microorganisms to form a biofilm, in which they acquire enhanced ability to survive under adverse environmental factors, including the use of drugs. Results and discussion. In our research we showed that more than 80% of film-forming strains were found to be susceptible to ciprofloxacin, amoxicillin / clavulanic acid and azithromycin. 4 (14.8%) are methicillin-resistant. Resistance to methicillin was detected simultaneously with resistance to ciprofloxacin (3 cases) and to azithromycin (2 cases), 1 strain was resistant to gentamicin and 2 – to tetracycline. 1 of the methicillin-resistant strains of S. aureus was multidrug-resistant (showed resistance to all studied antibiotics). Among non-biofilm strains, more than 80% of the strains were also sensitive to ciprofloxacin, amoxicillin / clavulanic acid and azithromycin. Sensitivity to tetracycline was low in both groups (42-63% sensitive). Conclusion. The prevalence of antibiotic resistance among clinical strains of opportunistic bacteria, unfortunately, shows an increasing trend. This requires constant monitoring of susceptibility to antimicrobial drugs in order to develop schemes of rational antibiotic therapy, taking into account the individualized approach to patients. In this sense, it is promising when studying the biological properties of clinical isolates to determine not only the resistance to antibiotics, but also their ability to form a biofilm

scholarly journals Prevalence of enterotoxin genes (SEA to SEE) and antibacterial resistant pattern of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from clinical specimens in Assiut city of Egypt

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed A. Baz ◽  
Elsayed K. Bakhiet ◽  
Usama Abdul-Raouf ◽  
Ahmed Abdelkhalek
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Potential Threat ◽  
Clinical Specimens ◽  
Specific Pcr ◽  
Enterotoxin Genes ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Amoxicillin Clavulanic Acid ◽  
Relationship Of

Abstract Background Infections in communities and hospitals are mostly caused by Staphylococcus aureus strains. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of five genes (SEA, SEB, SEC, SED and SEE) encoding staphylococcal enterotoxins in S. aureus isolates from various clinical specimens, as well as to assess the relationship of these isolates with antibiotic susceptibility. Traditional PCR was used to detect enterotoxin genes, and the ability of isolates expressing these genes was determined using Q.RT-PCR. Results Overall; 61.3% (n = 46) of the samples were positive for S. aureus out of 75 clinical specimens, including urine, abscess, wounds, and nasal swabs. The prevalence of antibiotic resistance showed S. aureus isolates were resistant to Nalidixic acid, Ampicillin and Amoxicillin (100%), Cefuroxime (94%), Ceftriaxone (89%), Ciprofloxacin (87%), Erythromycin and Ceftaxime (85%), Cephalexin and Clarithromycin (83%), Cefaclor (81%), Gentamicin (74%), Ofloxacin (72%), Chloramphenicol(59%), Amoxicillin/Clavulanic acid (54%), while all isolates sensitive to Imipinem (100%). By employing specific PCR, about 39.1% of isolates were harbored enterotoxin genes, enterotoxin A was the most predominant toxin in 32.6% of isolates, enterotoxin B with 4.3% of isolates and enterotoxin A and B were detected jointly in 2.1% of isolates, while enterotoxin C, D and E weren’t detected in any isolate. Conclusion This study revealed a high prevalence of S. aureus among clinical specimens. The isolates were also multidrug resistant to several tested antibiotics. Enterotoxin A was the most prevalent gene among isolates. The presence of antibiotic resistance and enterotoxin genes may facilitate the spread of S. aureus strains and pose a potential threat to public health.

scholarly journals Secondary respiratory microflora in patients with COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Agigat Kadyrova ◽  
◽  
Gulzar Alieva ◽  
Shahla Askerova ◽  
Reikhan Hadjiyeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Streptococcus Pneumoniae ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Lung Diseases ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Hospitalized Patients ◽  
Lung Infections ◽  
Research Institute

The incidence of secondary lung infections in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 is not well understood. The results of bacteriological research for nonspecific flora of sputum or flushing from the respiratory tract were analyzed for 820 out of 3040 patients with COVID-19 hospitalized at the Research Institute of Lung Diseases in Baku. Secondary respiratory microflora was detected in 771 (94%) patients. in 347 (42.3%) cases, fungi of the genus Candida were found, and in 211 (25.7%) patients this was observed simultaneously with the bacterial microflora. Among bacterial infections, the most common pathogens were Staphylococcus aureus (n109), Klebsiella Pneumoniae (n41), Escherichia Coli (n38), Enterobacter (n33), Streptococcus pneumoniae (n32).

scholarly journals Prevalence and Antibiotic Resistance of Listeria monocytogenes Isolated from Ready-to-Eat Foods in Turkey

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pınar Şanlıbaba ◽  
Başar Uymaz Tezel ◽  
Gürcü Aybige Çakmak
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Food Samples ◽  
Penicillin G ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Hemolysin Gene ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Disk Diffusion Assay ◽  
Amoxicillin Clavulanic Acid

The aim of the present study was the determination of the prevalence and antibiotic resistance of L. monocytogenes in ready-to-eat (RTE) foods in Ankara, Turkey. In order to detect and isolate L. monocytogenes from 201 RTE food samples, the EN ISO 11290:1 method was used. All isolates were identified using the polymerase chain reaction. The strains were also confirmed by the detection of the hemolysin gene (hlyA). The overall prevalence of L. monocytogenes was 8.5% among the food samples. Seventeen L. monocytogenes strains were examined by the disk diffusion assay for their resistance to 23 antibiotics. All strains were susceptible to erythromycin, clarithromycin, streptomycin, gentamicin, vancomycin, imipenem, trimethoprim, and chloramphenicol, while all strains were resistant to nalidixic acid, ampicillin, penicillin G, linezolid, and clindamycin. The higher resistance was found against oxacillin (94.1%), kanamycin (76.5%), levofloxacin (70.6%), and teicoplanin (64.7%), followed by amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (53.0%), rifampicin (47.1%), and ciprofloxacin (35.3%). A lower incidence of resistance was observed against tetracycline (5.9%), meropenem (5.9%), and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (17.7%). All isolates were multidrug resistant showing resistance to at least three antibiotic classes. High L. monocytogenes prevalence among analyzed RTE foods represents a high risk for public health. Our findings show a high prevalence of L. monocytogenes in RTE foods in Turkey. More effective control strategies for L. monocytogenes are needed to reduce both prevalence and resistance of L. monocytogenes in Turkish RTE foods.

Prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus in Imported Fish and Correlations between Antibiotic Resistance and Enterotoxigenicity

2015 ◽  
Vol 78 (11) ◽  
pp. 1999-2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
MOHAMMAD M. OBAIDAT ◽  
ALAA E. BANI SALMAN ◽  
SHAWKAT Q. LAFI
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Meca Gene ◽  
Foodborne Pathogen ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Fresh Fish ◽  
Low Resistance ◽  
Fish Samples ◽  
Amoxicillin Clavulanic Acid ◽  
Resistance To Penicillin

A total of 156 Staphylococcus aureus isolates were obtained from 330 imported fresh fish samples from three countries. Selective media were used for the isolation of S. aureus, and the isolates were confirmed by PCR. The isolates were tested for mecA gene, antibiotic resistance, and enterotoxin genes (sea, seb, sec, sed, see, seg, seh, and sei). Most isolates carried sea, seg, and sei genes, and seg-sei was the most frequent enterotoxin profile. About 88.5% of the S. aureus exhibited resistance to at least one antibiotic. High resistance to penicillin and ampicillin; low resistance to tetracycline, erythromycin, rifampin, and clindamycin; and very low resistance to cefotaxime, amoxicillin–clavulanic acid, gentamicin, and ciprofloxacin were exhibited by S. aureus from the three countries. In addition, some antibiotic resistance exhibited a strong correlation (P ≤ 0.01) with enterotoxigenicity in S. aureus. The study concluded that the large amount of globally traded fish increases the possibility of intercontinental transmission of enterotoxigenic and multidrug-resistant S. aureus through fish and highlights the potential influence of local fish handling and processing on consumer health worldwide. The introduction of periodic training in food safety and hygiene is essential to increase fish handlers' awareness of good hygienic practices in handling fish. These findings also enrich the ongoing debate about the risk of methicillin- and multidrug-resistant S. aureus as a foodborne pathogen compared with drug-susceptible S. aureus.

scholarly journals Prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of Staphylococcus Aureus isolated from clinical specimens at the Mater Hospital Nairobi, Kenya.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina Okello ◽  
Loice Achieng ◽  
Christina Mwachari ◽  
Davies Otieno ◽  
Frederick Otieno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Clavulanic Acid ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Mater Hospital ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Clinical Specimens ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Amoxicillin Clavulanic Acid ◽  
Susceptibility Patterns

Abstract Background Staphylococcus aureus is a leading cause of hospital and community acquired infections globally. Surveillance of prevalence and antibiotic susceptibility patterns is important to ensure appropriate antibiotic prescription. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and susceptibility patterns of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from clinical specimens in a tertiary hospital with diverse and empirical prescribing habits. Methods A retrospective study was conducted at the Mater Misericordiae Hospital, Nairobi. The study involved records of specimens analyzed between January 2014 and December 2018. S aureus was identified using catalase and coagulase tests. Strains phenotypically resistant to <3 non β-lactam antimicrobial categories were defined as non-multidrug-resistant MRSA (nmMRSA) and strains that were resistant to ≥3 non-β-lactam antimicrobial groups were defined as multidrug-resistant MRSA (mMRSA). A specimen was categorized as Penicillin susceptible (PSSA) if susceptible to penicillin and oxacillin, MSSA if resistant to penicillin and susceptible to oxacillin, and MRSA if resistant to oxacillin and penicillin. Isolates were screened for MRSA using 6μg/ml of oxacillin disc in Mueller-Hinton agar supplemented with 4%NaCl.Data was analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences(SPSS) version 20 software. Pearson’s chi square and Logistic regression were used to assess association between dependent and independent variables. Results A total of 890 specimens of S. aureus were analyzed in the 5-year period. ​​PSSA was the most prevalent organism seen (45%) while MRSA was the least prevalent (0.45% ). There was a fluctuation in the annual prevalence of MRSA between 0-1% over the five years. Most S. aureus was isolated in pus-644(73. 3%). A significant increase in susceptibility of S. aureus to Penicillin and Amoxicillin-clavulanic acid was observed during the study period however, sensitivity to Amoxicillin declined. No mMrsa was detected. Resistance of MRSA to Ampicillin, Penicillin, Tazopiperacillin, Cephalosporins, Erythromycin, Clindamycin, Ciprofloxacin and Meropenem was 100% with both Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole and Levofloxacin recording 50% and amoxicillin/clavulanic acid 75% resistance. Conclusion This study demonstrated a steady decline in average annual resistance of S. aureus to commonly used antibiotics. Furthermore, there was a low prevalence of MRSA. No multi-drug Methicillin resistant S. aureus have been isolated in the last five years in this hospital.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document