Ēdiens kā sociālā slāņa un nacionālās piederības robežzīme

2020 ◽  
pp. 35-43
Author(s):  
Sigita Kušnere
Keyword(s):  
Social Stratification ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Social Situation ◽  
Literary Text ◽  
Western Society ◽  
Small Community ◽  
Equal Rights ◽  
The Social ◽  
Hierarchic Structure ◽  
Semantic Pluralism

Taking into account the research conclusions in social and natural sciences, gastropoetics as a research method allows to examine a literary text in-depth revealing the causal relationships and nuances of the psychological portrayal of characters, as well as analyse semantic pluralism providing more diverse interpretation opportunities of a literary text. In Andrejs Upīts’s novel “Bread” (Maize, 1914) the portrayed passengers of the third class train wagon are a micromodel of Western society, where food, sharing the food or its denial precisely reveal the hierarchic structure of community and the differences in social stratification, as well as human behavioural principles, which are based on the tradition that has evolved over thousands of years and can also be cross-compared with the behavioural principles observable among animals. Other aspects include the social undermining of certain social groups, for instance, older people, children, foreigners, as well as the marginalisation of these groups denying them the freedom of choice or action, equal rights, etc. Upīts in his novel constructs a social situation of a small community, accurately revealing the hierarchic structure, as well as collaboration and relationship models of the community.

Doing Bodhisattva’s Work

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 4-32
Author(s):  
Le Hoang Anh Thu
Keyword(s):  
Social Interaction ◽  
Social Class ◽  
Social Status ◽  
Social Stratification ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
The State ◽  
Ho Chi Minh City ◽  
Class Identity ◽  
The Social

This paper explores the charitable work of Buddhist women who work as petty traders in Hồ Chí Minh City. By focusing on the social interaction between givers and recipients, it examines the traders’ class identity, their perception of social stratification, and their relationship with the state. Charitable work reveals the petty traders’ negotiations with the state and with other social groups to define their moral and social status in Vietnam’s society. These negotiations contribute to their self-identification as a moral social class and to their perception of trade as ethical labor.

Social Fragmentation of Industrial Workforces. Yugoslav Motor Vehicle Industry During Self-Managed Socialism

2014 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulrike Schult
Keyword(s):  
Social Stratification ◽  
Social Inequalities ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Complex Environments ◽  
Archival Material ◽  
Communist Ideology ◽  
The Social ◽  
White Collar Workers

AbstractThe article addresses the social differentiation among industrial workforces in two Yugoslav motor-vehicle factories in the period between 1965 and 1985. Along which lines did social inequalities, which were negated in official communist ideology manifest and how were they articulated? How were they dealt with in the complex environments of self-managed enterprises in respect to the official doctrine? Based on archival material from factory archives, the League of Communists and the socialist mass organisations and on published sources such as factory newspapers, the industrial workforces are described as heterogeneous with shifting affiliations between its sub-groups. Three dividing factors (1. blue-collar vs. white collar workers, 2. gender and 3. profession) are examined. Intersectional entanglements can be found, which systematically accumulated social advantages for certain social groups. Serbian and Slovene enterprises demonstrate many comparable tendencies. In reaction, official ideology attempted to detract attention from social stratification, employing symbolic recognition and calls for greater implementation of the principles of self-management.

scholarly journals HISTORY OF DEVELOPING THE CONCEPT OF «LARGE SOCIAL GROUPS». PART 1: PERIOD FROM THE MID-19th CENTURY TO THE MID-1930-Х YEARS OF SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY DEVELOPMENT

2020 ◽  
pp. 390-418
Author(s):  
Ю.В. Ковалева
Keyword(s):  
Social Psychology ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Social Situation ◽  
Social Phenomena ◽  
Psychological Study ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
The One ◽  
Two Stages

Представлен историографический анализ развития понятия большие социальные группы и историко-психологический анализ социальных феноменов , связанных с массовыми общественными явлениями в России. Сформулированы актуальные проблемы психологии больших социальных групп, к которым относятся неоднородность оснований для их выделения, недостаточная дифференцированность со сходными понятиями, неравномерность исследований в различные временные периоды и идеологическая нагруженность их разработки. Данная работа была ответом на необходимость восполнения знаний о процессах в таких группах, происходивших в различные исторические периоды развития социальной психологии, с соответствующим им уровнем научного осмысления, а также обобщением этой целостной картины на уровне современного понимания и формулировка перспективных направлений исследований. Целью исследования является установление связи между определением и основными свойствами понятия «большие социальные группы» (его синонимов, аналогов) и особенностями социальной ситуации в определенный период времени, а также реконструкция социальных процессов данного исторического этапа. Проверялась гипотеза о том, что большие социальные группы как феномены социальной жизни формировались в соответствии с историческим временем, а соответствующее им понятие и его свойства с одной стороны отвечали уровню развития гуманитарного знания, а с другой - пытались удовлетворить общественный и политический запрос в объяснении и управлении социальной ситуацией. Использовались методы историографии социальной психологии и психолого-исторической реконструкции . Первая часть статьи посвящена анализу первых двух этапов развития социальной психологии - с середины XIX до начала XX вв. и в 1920-е гг. XX в. The historiographic analysis of the development of the concept of large social groups and historical and psychological study of social phenomena associated with mass social phenomena was presented. Topical problems of the psychology of large social groups are formulated, including heterogeneity of the grounds for their isolation, insufficient differentiation with similar concepts, uneven research in various periods, and ideological loading of the history of its development. The study's main problem was the need to replenish the processes in such groups that took place in various historical periods of social psychology development as well as a synthesis of this holistic picture at the level of modern understanding and the formulation of promising areas of research. The study's purpose was to establish a connection between the definition and the basic properties of the concept of "large social groups" (and its synonyms, analogs) and the peculiarities of the social situation in a certain period, as well as the reconstruction of social processes of this historical segment. The hypothesis was tested that large social groups as phenomena of social life were formed under the past time. The concept and its properties were corresponding to them, on the one hand, compared to the level of development of humanitarian knowledge. On the other, they tried to satisfy the social and political requests to understand and manage the social situation. Methods of the historiography of the history of social psychology and psychological and historical reconstruction were used. The article's first part was devoted to the analysis of the early two stages of the development of social psychology - from the middle of the XIX to the beginning of the XX centuries and 1920 of the XX century.

scholarly journals The “Edelevsky” list of the “protective memory” of Tsar Ivan Vasilyevich to the Mordovian Princes and Murzes in 1572

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander N. Demidov
Keyword(s):  
Social Stratification ◽  
Legal Status ◽  
Social Situation ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
Family Ties ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
Unique Source ◽  
The Russian Empire

Introduction. The article considers the publication of a unique source for the history of the Mordovian people, the “protective memory” dated by 1572 addressed to the princes and Murzes of Mordovia. The “protective memory” is considered in comparison with the “romadanovsky” list belonging to the descendants of the Mordovian prince Romadan, seeking the return of the nobility, the non-criminal record of the Temnik-Kadom Mordva, published in the XVIII century, similar to the records of Tatar Sovereigns to the Temnik-Kadom Mordva. Materials and methods. The author focused on studying the content of the source, revealing the identities of the recipients, analyzing the composition of the princes and Murz of Mordovian records, spelling of the names, origin, and family ties. The genealogy of the princes Edelevs is being reconstructed, the history of their kind is described together with the history of Mordovian Murzas and their representatives in the context of social and historical ties. Results and discussion. The article describes the social situation of Princes Edelevs, the features of land ownership, land use, property and ownership of serfs. The article discusses the history of the discovery and use of the source in the clerical work of the aristocratic deputies’ assemblies and the Governing Senate at the request of the descendants of Mordovian princes and Muzes from the Edelev family to restore the rights of the noble state. It poses the problem of studying the social stratification in Mordovian society, the typology and origin of the Mordovian aristocracy, the peculiarities of the titling and inheritance of power, its role in the historical and social development of the Mordovian people, as well as its legal status in the Russian Empire. It compares the situation of the Temnikov-Kadom Mordovian Tarkhans, Cossacks, White Field and Alatyr princes and Mordovian Murzes, serving Mordovians and Tatars. Conclusion. “Protective memory” indicates that in the XVI century there was a national Mordovian aristocracy, collaborating with Moscow and being in the service of Great Sovereigns, and subsequently becoming part of the nobility and other classes of Russian society. The choice of Mordovian princes ensured the relatively peaceful entry of Mordovian lands into the Russian Empire.

Social Inequalities

2019 ◽  
pp. 646-652
Author(s):  
Raj Kollmorgen
Keyword(s):  
Income Inequality ◽  
Social Inequality ◽  
Social Stratification ◽  
Relative Deprivation ◽  
Social Inequalities ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Radical Change ◽  
Social Transformations ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Impact

Social inequality means the existence of social status groups and, therefore, a normatively embedded structure of social stratification. This chapter deals with social inequalities and their dynamics as conditional and causal factors and as results of processes of radical change. Concerning the first aspect, the chapter discusses social class inequalities and dynamics of (absolute) impoverishment, relative deprivation, and rising expectations among certain social groups that may determine ‘transformative’ pressure or even revolutionary situations. Regarding the impact of social transformations on social inequalities, the chapter suggests that the more radical and complex the social transformations, the greater are their effects on social structures and regimes of social inequality. This thesis is underpinned by providing empirical findings on social mobility and income inequality in different historical waves and (sub-)types of transformation. Finally, the chapter identifies seven crucial bundles of factors determining the extent of income inequality as an outcome of current societal transformations and their characteristics.

scholarly journals INTERAKSI SOSIAL KOMUNITAS SAMIN DENGAN MASYARAKAT SEKITAR

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Indah Puji Lestari
Keyword(s):  
Social Interaction ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Social Situation ◽  
Personal Goals ◽  
The Social ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Local Residents ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Village

Komunitas Samin merupakan bagian dari masyarakat desa Klopoduwur yang menganut dan mempertahankan ajaran Samin Surosentiko. Komunitas Samin mempunyai tata cara, adat istiadat, bahasa serta norma-norma yang berbeda dengan masyarakat pada umumnya. Dalam kajian ini penulis menjelaskan tentang bentuk interaksi sosial antara komunitas Samin dengan masyarakat sekitar desa Klopoduwur, faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi interaksi sosial antar komunitas Samin dengan masyarakat desa Klopoduwur dan kendala yang dihadapi dalam interaksi sosial. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa bentuk-bentuk interaksi sosial antara komunitas Samin dengan masyarakat sekitar berupa kerja sama, akomodasi dan asimilasi. Sedangkan konflik atau pertentangan dalam interaksi sosial antara komunitas Samin dengan mayarakat sekitar desa Klopoduwur tidak tampak jelas. Interaksi sosial antara komunitas Samin dengan masyarakat sekitar dipengaruhi oleh berbagai faktor, yakni situasi sosial, kekuasaan norma kelompok, tujuan pribadi, kedudukan dan kondisi individu serta penafsiran situasi. Kendala-kendala yang dihadapi dalam interaksi sosial antara komunitas Samin dengan masyarakat sekitar adalah perbedaan bahasa yang sulit dipahami oleh masyarakat sekitar,dan adanya perbedaan nilai antara kedua kelompok sosial tersebut.. Samin community is part of the village community Klopoduwur who embrace and defend the teachings of Surosentiko Samin. Samin community has ordinances, customs, language and norms that are different from society at large. In this study, the author describes forms of social interaction between Samin and their surrounding community in Klopoduwur village, factors that affect the social interaction and the obstacles they faced. The study results indicate that these forms of social interaction between the community of Samin and local residents take the form of cooperation, accommodation and assimilation. There are no conflicts or contradictions in the social interaction between the Samin community and their neighbours. Samin social interaction between communities and local residents affected by various factors, namely the social situation, the power of group norms, personal goals, status and condition of the individual as well as the interpretation of the situation. Constraints encountered in the social interaction between communities and local residents Samin is the difference in language, and the value difference between the two social groups.

De Sociale Ruimte Hertekenen : Een gevalstudie aan de hand van de constructie van de bedreigende immigrant in Vlaanderen 1930/1980

Res Publica ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 227-245
Author(s):  
Marc Swyngedouw
Keyword(s):  
Social Construction ◽  
Political Discourse ◽  
Social Space ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Social Situation ◽  
Social Mechanisms ◽  
Muslim Immigrants ◽  
The Social ◽  
Cultural Racism

This article exposes comparable social mechanisms that have generated the social construction of threatening immigrants in Europe in the thirties and in the eighties. The analysis is building on Bourdieu 's theory of the construction of social space and the genesis of social groups. This semiotic-praxiological approach is used to explain why the specific historical and socio-economical conditions in the thirties and eighties have lead to the construction of Jews and Muslims as threatening immigrants. Our discussion focuses on the exemplary caseof the 'migrant problem' in historical and actual political discourse in Flanders (Belgium). Where at the end of the thirties the notion 'immigrant' referred exclusively to Jews, in the eighties it is used for Turkish and Maroccan 'guestworkers'. In spite of the specific historical and social situation of Jewish and Muslim immigrants parallel social mechanisms and discourses emerge in the redrawing of the social space by creating 'theatening' immigrants/strangers. These mechanisms are a religious anti Judaism/anti-Islamism, rapid social economie change fueling an economical argumented antiJew/anti-muslim and (cultural) racism legitimized by an internationally disseminated ethno-nationalism.

Living with diversity or living with difference? International perspectives on everyday perceptions of the social composition of diverse neighbourhoods

Divercities ◽  
2018 ◽  
pp. 211-234
Author(s):  
Katrin Großmann ◽  
Georgia Alexandri ◽  
Maria Budnik ◽  
Annegret Haase ◽  
Christian Haid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Environment ◽  
Social Stratification ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Social Categories ◽  
Social Composition ◽  
International Perspectives ◽  
The Social ◽  
Neighbourhood Change ◽  
National Discourses

This chapter analyses which categories are mobilised by residents to describe the social groups in their area and which normative assessments are attached to those descriptions. This intersectionality approach allows one to see social stratification at work in how inhabitants of diverse neighbourhoods in Leipzig, Paris, and Athens perceive, describe, and judge their social environment. The three cities that are analysed represent different histories of diversification, and all three of them have experienced societal disruptions and change. The residents' own positionality shapes how they categorise other residents and judge their social environment. Moreover, the construction of social groups in diverse neighbourhoods in these cities draws on a variety of rather classic social categories and is influenced by national discourses. Stigmatisation often occurs at the intersections of these categories. Also, neighbourhood change is an important factor in the construction of social groups.

scholarly journals Linguistic Expression of the Social Stratification of Chinese Urban Society

2019 ◽  
Vol 69 ◽  
pp. 00011
Author(s):  
Nadezhda Kotelnikova ◽  
Elena Bakumova
Keyword(s):  
Urban Space ◽  
Social Stratification ◽  
Life Style ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Urban Society ◽  
Value Orientations ◽  
Chinese Society ◽  
Semantic Class ◽  
Modern Chinese ◽  
The Social

The purpose of the article is to consider newly-emerging Chinese nominations of social groups, largely reflecting the development trends of modern Chinese urban society. The investigation is done from the perspective of urban communication studies. The social structure of the modern Chinese urban space is a self-developing system, the transformation processes of which are determined by many social and economic factors. Consequently, the dynamic social modernization of Chinese megacities is undoubtedly reflected in the vocabulary, the most susceptible to any changes in the life of society. This is manifested in a significant expansion of the semantic class of words associated with social stratification. The material for this study was neologisms, which denote social groups differentiated according to their life style. As a result, recent appearance of a large number of such neologisms in Chinese speaks about the dynamics of changes in modern Chinese urban society, about diversifying the lifestyles of citizens. All of the neologisms under consideration, having first emerged in the Internet, became widespread in Chinese society due to their active use of the media, which are the first to respond to changes in the development of society, contribute to the assessment of the surrounding reality, introduce new concepts and names of phenomena into a wide circulation. The new nominations of social groups are distinguished on the basis of the life-style criterion reflect transformations in the lifestyle of modern citizens, based on changes not only in socio-economic conditions, but also in mentality, as well as value orientations. The study of these lexical units allows us to trace the influence of the processes of globalization, modernization and urbanization on modern Chinese urban society, to identify the main trends in its development.

scholarly journals DAKWAH VALUES REVIEWED FROM SOCIAL SOCIETY COMMUNITIES WHICH HAVE NOVEL BULAN TERBELAH DI LANGIT AMERIKA BY HANUM SALSABIELA RAIS DAN RANGGA ALMAHENDRA: A Genetic Structuralism Study

Humanus ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Darwin Effendi ◽  
Zainal Rafli ◽  
Ninuk Lustyantie
Keyword(s):  
Social Situation ◽  
Face Mask ◽  
Western Society ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Content Analysis Method ◽  
The Social ◽  
American Society ◽  
Correct Understanding ◽  
And Behavior

This study aims to gain an in-depth understanding of the values of dakwah contained in the novel Bulan Terbelah di Langit Amerika (BTDLA) by Hanum Salsabiela Rais and Rangga Almahendra in terms of the social situation of the community. This research uses content analysis method with the genetic structural approach. Data collection techniques use documentation and interview.The results show that from social situation community view it is found about the negative perspective of the community toward Islam that gives a change to Moslems to give a correct understanding of Islam. Just by looking at clothing that has an Islamic symbol, like a robe or face mask, the western society instantly puts the suspicion without fundamental. Everything is the same. Therefore, Muslims should provide a correct understanding of Islam. A Muslim must be a good Islamic agent in a suspicious society. A reflection of good Muslim conduct and behavior is one attempt to answer the doubts of American society to Islam after the September 11 tragedy. This is closely related to the values of dakwah narrated in the novel BTDLA by Hanum Salsabiela Rais and Rangga Almahendra.Keyword: The values of dakwah, novel, genetic structural NILAI-NILAI DAKWAH DALAM NOVEL BULAN TERBELAH DI LANGIT AMERIKAKARYA HANUM SALSABIELA RAIS DAN RANGGA ALMAHENDRA DITINJAU DARI SITUASI SOSIAL MASYARAKAT: Suatu Kajian Struktural Genetik)AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh pemahaman yang mendalam tentang nilai-nilai dakwah dalam novel Bulan Terbelah di Langit Amerika(BTDLA)karya Hanum Salsabiela Rais dan Rangga Almahendra ditinjau dari situasi sosial masyarakat. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode analisis konten dengan pendekatan struktural genetik. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan dokumentasi dan wawancara. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dari situasi sosial masyarakat ditemukan pandangan negatif masyarakat terhadap Islam. Hanya dengan melihat pakaian yang memiliki simbol keislaman, seperti gamis atau cadar penutup muka, masyarakat barat langsung menaruh kecurigaan yang tanpa mendasar. Semuanya dipandang sama. Karena itu, umat muslim haruslah memberikan pemahaman yang benar tentang Islam. Seorang muslim haruslah menjadi agen Islam yang baik di tengah masyarakat yang penuh curiga. Cerminan tindakan dan perilaku muslim yang baik merupakan salah satu upaya untuk menjawab keraguan masyarakat Amerika terhadap Islam setelah tragedi 11 September. Hal ini sangat berhubungan dengan nilai-nilai dakwah yang diceritakan dalam novel Bulan Terbelah di Langit Amerika karya Hanum Salsabiela Rais dan Rangga Almahendra ini.Kata kunci: nilai dakwah, situasi sosial masyarakat, dan struktural genetik

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