scholarly journals Philosophical and Legal Foundations of the Scientific Worldview of A. L. Blok

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 51-67
Author(s):  
Elena V. Safronova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Work ◽  
Scientific School ◽  
State Law ◽  
Russian Science ◽  
Scientific Heritage ◽  
Law Faculty ◽  
History Of ◽  
Legal Foundations ◽  
Special Studies ◽  
Scientific Worldview

Introduction. Next year marks the 170th anniversary of the birth of Alexander L’vovich Blok (1852–1909), a talented scientist and statesman, professor and dean of the Law Faculty of the Imperial University of Warsaw, a philosopher, a man of “Aristotelian erudition”, and the father of the Russian poet Alexander Blok. His name is associated with the birth of the scientific school of sociological and political positivism in the Russian science of state law. However, there are no special studies devoted to the evolution of the ideas of sociological positivism in Russia. In this regard, the appeal of the work of one of the founders of this school, who brought up a whole galaxy of talented scientists (Taranovsky, F. V., Spek- torsky, E. V., Reisner, M. A.), is of undoubted scientific interest. Theoretical Basis and Methods. An attempt is made to reconstruct both the philosophical and legal foundations of the scientific worldview of A. L. Blok. When writing this work, a broad methodological base was used, characteristic of the history of the teachings on law and the state. The combination of metaphysical and dialectical approaches with the use of a methodological arsenal of socio-political and natural-legal doctrines made it possible to study and systematise the conceptual provisions of the scientific heritage of A. L. Blok. Results. The article traces the evolution of the scientist’s state-legal views in the context of the development of the science of state law in Russia. The study of the works published by A. L. Blok pays testimony to the independence of his ideas, his critical attitude to the pre- vailing Western European theories, and the originality of the methodological approaches developed by him to the study of state-legal phenomena. Discussion and Conclusion. The search and reconstruction of the main scientific work of the scientist-”Fundamental questions of politics”, on which he worked all his life, “like Plato on ‘Politics’ or Goethe on ‘Faust’, remains an unresolved task of historical and historical – legal science” [Spectorsky, E. V., 1911, p. 65], as well as the systematisation of the key ideas of the scientific school created by him.

scholarly journals Academician Pavlova Mariia Vasylivna (1854–1938): life and scientific work

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1(16)) ◽  
pp. 100-109
Author(s):  
Hanna Deforzh
Keyword(s):  
New World ◽  
Scientific Work ◽  
Scientific School ◽  
Scientific Heritage ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Crimea ◽  
History Of ◽  
New Material ◽  
Scientific Value ◽  
Comprehensive Study

The article is devoted to the study of dedicated contribution of academician Mariia Vasylivna Pavlova (Gortynskaya) in the development of Paleozoology Science. It is noted that her research was carried out in several directions including studying the causes of extinction of animals in the past geological epochs, investigating the remains of fossil elephants, rhinos, tapirs, notartiodactyls and artiodactyls, describing the remains of mammals in Tiraspol gravel. M. V. Pavlova described hipparions and horses, found mainly in the southern regions of Ukraine and the Crimea. By this new material she proved that horses had originated from American protogippus. The idea of a single trunk development of horses both the Old and New World caused objections, especially in America, as in Europe, there were no finds of ancient forms of horse series – anchitheriinae and protogippus. M. V. Pavlova consistently sought them in Eurasia, and in 1903 she discovered the remains of the bones of the limbs of these ancient horses. Analysis of the scientific heritage of Academician M. V. Pavlova, an outstanding national paleoscientist, a specialist in evolutionary theory, an organizer of Paleozoology science and a teacher, makes it possible to understand the processes of development of national biological science. She takes one of the places of honor in the world of paleontological science. Her name is associated with the development of Paleozoology science of late XIX – the first third of the twentieth century and the scientific outlook on the development of various Paleozoology concepts, laws and ideas. It suggests the urgency and necessity of this research. Its relevance is also caused by significant civil and scientific value of a person M. V. Pavlova in Paleozoology science, the lack of special comprehensive study of her life, scientific, organizational and administrative activities in the history of science, the need to create the most objective biography of M. V. Pavlova, the analysis of creative works and the importance of the introduction of solid scientific use of new sources and facts. Scientific activities of Pavlova as the scientific leader and founder of scientific school and her contribution in Paleozoology science has been marginally disclosed yet.

scholarly journals The biography and scientific work of the Soviet microbiologist Z.V. Yermolyeva: historiographic characteristics of post-Soviet publications

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 268-271
Author(s):  
Aleksandr Vladimirovich Gorshenin
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Work ◽  
Research Direction ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
Woman Scientist ◽  
Scientific Biography ◽  
Russian Science ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
History Of ◽  
Active Substances

This paper provides a brief analysis of works that consider the main stages of the scientific biography of the famous Soviet scientist-microbiologist, academician of medicine Zinaida Vissarionovna Yermolyeva (18981974). Among the most famous achievements of the scientist are the receipt of the first Soviet penicillin and the prevention of the cholera epidemic in Stalingrad during the Great Patriotic War. Her scientific interests had a fairly wide range: from cholera and antibiotics to lysozyme, interferon and other biologically active substances. Speaking about Z.V. Yermolyeva, the famous Soviet microbiologist and epidemiologist, academician N.F. Gamaleya noted that she as a researcher is characterized by a desire to work in the area that is currently the most urgent for socialist health care. Indeed, getting acquainted with the biography of this amazing woman scientist, it becomes clear why she switched from one research direction into another this was her ability to quickly respond to the needs of the country and the challenges of the time. Given a great importance to the figure of Z.V. Yermolyeva in the history of Russian science, it seems relevant to establish a degree of study of this problem. The author of this paper has already carried out a brief analysis of the historiography of the works in the Soviet period on the history of Zinaida Yermolyevas scientific activities; therefore this paper is its logical continuation.

scholarly journals LAW OF HOMOLOGICAL SERIES IN HEREDITARY VARIABILITY. TO 100 ANNIVERSARY OF THE N.I. VAVILOV DISCOVERY

2020 ◽  
pp. 4-7
Author(s):  
Nikita Valer'evich Ryazantsev
Keyword(s):  
Ussr Academy ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Scientific Discovery ◽  
Plant Genetic Resources ◽  
Scientific Work ◽  
Cultivated Plants ◽  
Russian Science ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Law ◽  
Academy Of Sciences

The article is dedicated to the centenary of the main scientific discovery of the academician of the USSR Academy of Sciences, the Agricultural Academy and the USSR Academy of Sciences N.I. Vavilov - to the law of homological series in hereditary variability. The discovery of the law was one of the most significant events in biology of the first half of the twentieth century and had a significant impact on the selection process. From a biographical point of view, the discovery of the law was for N.I. Vavilov - a young professor, head of the department of private agriculture and genetics of the agronomic faculty of the University of Saratov, a fateful event that brought world fame. In the history of Russian science, much attention is paid to the phenomenon of N.I. Vavilov. At the same time, there is a tendency to analyze his scientific work in the context of three main areas: the doctrine of plant immunity to infectious diseases, the law of homologous series in hereditary variability, and the doctrine of the centers of origin and variety of cultivated plants. In our work, special attention is paid to the integrity of the scientific work of the scientist, which can be traced in all his main works and was put into practice in the world collection of plant genetic resources, the collection of which was carried out under the guidance and with the direct participation of N.I. Vavilov. The history of the perception of the law at different periods in the development of biology and the role of this discovery in the posthumous memory of its author, N.I. Vavilov, who became a symbol of a real scientist and patriot.

«I HAVE ALREADY BECOME A CONSCIOUS UKRAINIAN FOREVER» (DMYTRO BAGALIY – THE OUTSTANDING UKRAINIAN HISTORIAN AND PUBLIC ACTIVIST)

2019 ◽  
pp. 29-33
Author(s):  
Anatoliy Kotsur
Keyword(s):  
Material Culture ◽  
Social Activity ◽  
Cultural Development ◽  
Political Life ◽  
Scientific School ◽  
Left Bank ◽  
Scientific Heritage ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Masses

The article reveals the most important milestones of the life and activity of the famous Ukrainian historian and public figure D. Bagaliy. It is emphasized on his contribution to the Ukrainian national revival. The scientific heritage of D. Bahaliy is analyzed. It includes about 350 works, in particular, monographs, archaeological publications, scientific articles on the history of Ukraine, historiography, archival studies, sources of sources, etc. It was emphasized, that the center of his attention was the history of Slobidska Ukraine, its socio-economic and cultural development, the heritage of H. Skovoroda, the history of Kharkiv and Kharkiv University. D. Bahaliy is the founder and leader of the scientific school of researchers of Slobozhanschyna and Left-Bank Ukraine in Kharkiv. The active social activity of the scientist as a representative of the liberal scientific intelligentsia was determined. There is haracterized the fundamental work of D. Bahaliy «The History of Slobidska Ukraine»(1918). It is about geography, ethnography, socio-economic and political life, spiritual and material culture of Slobozhanschyna, etc. There is considered the main thesis of D. Bahaliy about the unceasing civilization development from simple to more complex forms, the leading role of the masses in history. Documentalism is an important part of the scientific works of D. Bahaliy. It is highlighted the contribution of the scientist to the development of Ukrainian regional studies. His scientific contributions are presented in this context.

Soviet Science in the Stalin Period: The Case of Y. I. Yernadskii and his Scientific School, 1928-1945

Slavic Review ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kendall E. Bailes
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Work ◽  
Scientific School ◽  
Soviet Science ◽  
Russian Science ◽  
Strong Ties ◽  
Critical Tradition ◽  
Stalin Era ◽  
Political Interference ◽  
The Social ◽  
Survival And Development

The social conditions for scientific work in the Stalin era are often assumed to have been patterned more or less after Lysenkoism and Soviet genetics in the 1930s and 1940s. Much less is known about other areas of Soviet science in the same period. Were Lysenkoism and the fate of genetics typical or atypical of what was happening in other areas of Soviet science under Stalin? The case of Vladimir I. Vernadskii, an earth scientist, and his scientific school in the years between 1928 and 1945 documents the survival and development of an important tradition very different from that of Lysenkoism and suggests something about the mentality of one segment of the scientific intelligentsia with strong ties to prerevolutionary Russian science. The fate of the Vernadskii school suggests something of the diversity and complexity of Soviet science, even during the worst years of the Stalinist regime and illuminates some of the ways Soviet scientists like Vernadskii were able to protect their scientific enterprises and continue a critical tradition in Russian science despite political interference.

scholarly journals The role of Kazan therapists in the development of the direction of Botkin's scientific research and clinical practice in the first half of the twentieth century

2021 ◽  
Vol 102 (3) ◽  
pp. 395-399
Author(s):  
V I Borodulin ◽  
V Yu Albitsky
Keyword(s):  
Social History ◽  
Modern Concept ◽  
Scientific School ◽  
Social Changes ◽  
Scientific Heritage ◽  
Historical Method ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
Therapeutic Schools ◽  
The Impact

The article highlights the formation of scientific therapeutic schools in Kazan using the comparative-historical method from the position of the modern concept of scientific school. Founded by the first of Botkin's student N.A. Vinogradov, the affiliate Botkin's scientific school initiated the creation of therapeutic schools at Kazan University in the first half of the XX century, originating in the second or third generation directly from S.P. Botkin. The activities of prominent Kazan therapists and their role in the formation of scientific schools are considered based on the approach of the social history of medicine the impact of the social changes in Russia in 1917 and the beginning of the Civil War. Having established a center for the development of the scientific heritage of the great Russian clinician in Kazan, the clinical schools of A.N. Kazem-Bek, S.S. Zimnitsky, M.N. Cheboksarov, and N.K. Goryaev played a huge role in the development of Botkins direction of domestic internal medicine.

scholarly journals The issue of studying and classifying the phenomenon of the literary-scientific heritage of Gh. Bezviconi in the works of researchers from the Republic of Moldova

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irina Ijboldina ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Work ◽  
Literary Work ◽  
Literary Studies ◽  
Multidimensional Approach ◽  
Scientific Heritage ◽  
Republic Of Moldova ◽  
Literary Heritage ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Republic

The issue of George Bezvikonny’s scientific and literary heritage study and classification is considered in the article. The sphere of his interests included the history of Romania, Romanian-Russian relations, Bessarabian studies, genealogy, Pushkin studies, Armenology, Moldavian literary studies, iconography. The name of George Bezvikonny is associated with the underestimation of his legacy in modern Moldovan science. That is why it was important for us to compile a reviewed bibliography of his scientific works. The article surveys the most significant recent publications, written by our researchers. These works treat Bezvikonny’s literary work as an ethnographic asset that contains important ethnic values. The article outlines the problem of assessing and understanding George Bezvikonny’s creative heritage. The problem is caused by multidimensional approach to his personality and the lack of a single generalizing scientific work, which could be able to systematize the ethnic values of his works, having their historical and ethnocultural originality.

scholarly journals KHWAREZMIAN AND MONGOL CONQUESTS OF THE SOUTH CAUCASUS IN FOREIGN HISTORIOGRAPHY: IN THE CONTEXT OF D. BAYARSAIKHAN’S RESEARCH "THE MONGOLS AND THE ARMENIANS (1220-1335)"

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-15
Author(s):  
Dmitry M Timokhin
Keyword(s):  
Political History ◽  
Special Significance ◽  
The South ◽  
South Caucasus ◽  
Russian Science ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Source Study ◽  
Special Studies ◽  
History Of The South

The article deals with the analysis of foreign researches of Mongol and Khwarezmian conquests of the South Caucasus. The subject of study is one of the latest works on this problem – D. Bayarsaikhan’s monograph «The Mongols and the Armenians (1220-1335)». The author of the article details historiography and source study of the book under consideration, as well as those sections, which present the description of Mongol and Khwarezmian invasion of the territory of the South Caucasus and the consequences of these conquests. Much attention is given to the section of D.Bayarsaikhan’s monograph describing the political structure of the South Caucasus at the beginning of the 13 th century and a number of earlier events. The author of the article also analyzes D. Bayarsaikhan’s position on a number of debatable problems concerning political history of the South Caucasus in the first half of the 13 th century. The author focuses on the idea of political history of the South Caucasus in the first half of the 13 th century that readers may get after their acquaintance with D. Bayarsaikhan’s book «The Mongols and the Armenians (1220-1335)». The fact that the monograph of D. Bayarsaikhan has not been translated into Russian yet and is not well known to specialists in Russia gives special significance to this article. To date, there are not many special studies on this problem in Russian science, therefore it is extremely important to study foreign experience in this field 

scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF THE SCIENTIFIC HERITAGE OF PROFESSOR SERHIY LYTVYN THROUGH THE PRISM OF BIOBIBLIOMETRY

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viktoriia Dobrovolska
Keyword(s):  
Military History ◽  
Scientific Work ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
Scientific Heritage ◽  
Scientific Methods ◽  
Public Activity ◽  
Logical Method ◽  
History Of ◽  
General Scientific

The purpose of the article is to make bibliometrical analysis of publications and to characterize the main periods of scientific, scientific-pedagogical, and public activity of Doctor of Historical Sciences, Professor Serhiy Lytvyn. The methodology consists in the use of general scientific methods: analysis, synthesis, logical method, method of visualization of research results. Methods of selection, bibliographic characteristics, grouping, and systematic analysis of scientific publications are used. Scientific novelty. The total number of Serhiy Lytvyn’s publications and works for 1989–2019, including articles, abstracts, other types of publications (monographs, textbooks, manuals, methodical materials, etc.), journalistic works (articles, interviews, resolutions, statements, appeals, prefaces, etc.) are determined. The distribution of the scientist's publications for the specified period is divided into four types: articles, theses, other publications and journalistic works. Bibliometrical analysis was performed on the basis of 328 published works by Serhiy Lytvyn. The main peaks of the scientist's publishing activity by years both in general and by separate types of publications are revealed. The main stages of his scientific and pedagogical activity are singled out, they were determined on the basis of the analysis of publications. The thematic distribution of publications and references is carried out. Conclusions. Biobibliometrical analysis of Serhiy Lytvyn's scientific work and his public activity made it possible to assess the breadth of his scientific interests, publication productivity, citations, thorough contribution to the development of military history, military affairs, petliurology (research of the Petliura issue), history of Ukrainian statehood and culture, record and archival sciences. The productive 30-year path of formation and development of the scientist and his scientific heritage, that includes more than five hundred works and scientific events, the organizer and participant of which he was, allows speaking about Serhiy Lytvyn as a notable colorful and interesting figure of scientific and educational space, historian, source and archivist, well-known petliurologist, researcher of military affairs, military history, history of the national liberation struggle of the Ukrainian people in 1917–1921, teacher, scientist with strong research dominant.

scholarly journals PROBLEMS OF THE NATIONAL POLICY OF THE RUSSIAN STATE OF THE LATE 19th – EARLY 21st CENTURY IN SCIENTIFIC WORKS OF E.K. MINEEVA

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 120-131
Author(s):  
Tatyana N. Ivanova
Keyword(s):  
21St Century ◽  
Significant Contribution ◽  
National Policy ◽  
Scientific Work ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Scientific School ◽  
Interethnic Relations ◽  
Scientific Heritage ◽  
Early 21St Century ◽  
Russian State

The article analyzes the complex of scientific studies of Elena Konstantinovna Mineeva, Doctor of Historical Sciences, Professor of I.N. Ulianov Chuvash State University who celebrated her jubilee in 2020. The relevance of studying the scientific creativity of the professor is determined not so much by the jubilee commemorative practices, but by the importance of the problems studied by her and the significant contribution of the scientist to the analysis of national policy problems of the Russian state. It is possible to distinguish the following directions in her scientific work: studying the basic principles of national policy of the Russian state of the late 19th – early 21st century; definition of the role played by the People’s Commissariat of Nationalities of the RSFSR in the practice of solving the national issue in the early years of the Soviet power; comparative analysis of the process of creation of the Mari, the Mordovian and the Chuvash Autonomies; the development of these national-state entities in the 1920s–1930s E.K. Mineeva’s research significantly supplemented and clarified the difficulties of determining territorial boundaries and the problems of economic zoning in the Volga autonomies during the period under study; peculiarities characteristic for the process of indigenization and formation of management personnel in the autonomies clarified the policy of the national autonomies in the sphere of education and culture. In her works it is possible to distinguish a separate group of historiographic studies devoted to the analysis of the concepts of national and state building in the scientific heritage of domestic scientists. An important contribution has been made by the scientist to the development of theoretical issues in the sphere of federalism and interethnic relations, to the characterization of the peculiarities in asymmetric federation in our country. The article briefly describes the main conclusions of the scientist on the above-stated problems. In conclusion, the article states a significant contribution of E.K. Mineeva in the study of the national policy of the Russian state, the role of a professor in establishing his scientific school, her organizational activity in scientific journals functioning and conducting scientific events.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document