scholarly journals Ecological Aspects Of Polynosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 03 (04) ◽  
pp. 171-177
Author(s):  
Umurova Nigora Mavlonovna ◽  
◽  
Ismatova Mehriniso Nasritdinovna ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Public Health Service ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Pollen Allergy ◽  
Disease Exacerbation ◽  
Ecological Aspects ◽  
Symptom Load ◽  
Disorder Symptom ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Natural Aerosol

The review is dedicated to the analysis of ecological aspects of pollen allergy (pollinosis). The characteristic of pollen as a natural aerosol component is given. The information related to aeropalinological monitoring and its importance in public health service is presented. The peculiarity of this pathology is its regional variety associated with differences in plant species compositions and pollen periods. The problem of immune response formation to pollen has been studied most profoundly. At that it is known that sensibilization is not always associated with clinical signs. Russian and foreign data about correlation studies between the pollen quantity and the disorder symptom load are discussed. It is shown that there is no decisive answer to the question about threshold pollen counts of certain plants and its impact on different stages of respiratory diseases. The detailed analysis of the correlation between the symptoms and quantitative variables of pollen allergens may provide useful information for risks evaluation of disease exacerbation as well as for tactics elaboration of hypoallergic measures. This is a cross-disciplinary issue involving allergology, aerobiology and ecology. The perspective of further development of this subject in order to obtain more accurate vision of the reasons, mechanisms and patterns of all parts of multifactorial process of pollinosis formation is discussed

scholarly journals Diagnostics of main bacterial agents of porcine respiratory diseases complex (PRDC) using PCR detection of Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae

2012 ◽  
Vol 49 (No. 2) ◽  
pp. 35-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Holko ◽  
J. Urbanova ◽  
THolkova ◽  
V. Kmet
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Pasteurella Multocida ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Mycoplasma Hyopneumoniae ◽  
Sensitivity Testing ◽  
Pcr Method ◽  
One Year ◽  
Porcine Respiratory

The main goal of our work is the presentation and analysis of incidence of porcine respiratory disease complex (PRDC) regarding bacterial agents in the territory of northern districts of Slovakia. Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae and other secondary bacterial causative pathogens of PRDC comprised 75.2% of all cases (98) with clinical signs of respiratory infections that we examined in the course of one year. We present also one of possibilities to the solution of problematic detection of M. hyopneumoniae which is, like the whole rank of mycoplasmas, very difficult to cultivate. This problem was solved by using the PCR method with the direct isolation of M. hyopneumoniae from lungs tissue. In antibiotic sensitivity testing of Pasteurella multocida and Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae resulted enrofloxacin as the most effective antibiotics in the therapy of PRDC regarding bacterial agents.in above mentioned territory.

The Continuing Development of Vibration Arthrometry as a Screening Method in Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip

1994 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-49
Author(s):  
W. G. Kernohan ◽  
B. Trainor ◽  
P. Haugh ◽  
A. Johnston ◽  
I. Turner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Screening Method ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Developmental Dysplasia ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Experienced Nurse ◽  
Diagnostic Modalities ◽  
Paediatric Orthopaedic ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Dysplasia Of The Hip ◽  
Vibration Arthrometry

As part of the continuing development of a non-invasive, objective screening method to achieve efficient early detection of developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH), we determined the diagnostic sensitivity of an experienced nurse examiner and vibration arthrometry in the range of pathological anatomy of the disease. A cohort of 25 children were studied prior to commencement of their treatment. The hips were classified into four categories by an experienced paediatric orthopaedic surgeon with all diagnostic modalities available (“normal”, “stable but dysplastic”, “unstable and reducible” or “irreducible”). Of the 28 hips identified as abnormal, two hips were classified as stabledysplastic, 11 were unstable/reducible and 15 were irreducible hips. The experienced nurse examiner identified eight out of 11 unstable-reducible hips and reported clinical signs of abnormality in another 18 cases. Vibration arthrometry identified nine out of 11 unstable-reducible dislocations and detected abnormal signals from three irreducible hips. Vibration arthrometry may be of value in detecting abnormality in unstable-reducible and clicking hips. The low detection rate in the irreducible and dysplastic hips by vibration arthrometry was due to the absence of detectable vibration from mechanical events as the hips were manoeuvred. Examination by an experienced clinical examiner continues to be necessary if all degrees of mechanical abnormality in DDH are to be detected. Further development is required to achieve an objective non-invasive system of detecting all stages in the pathology of DDH.

The effect of respiratory diseases on serum lactate dehydrogenase and its isoenzyme patterns in calves

2013 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 211-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Nagy ◽  
Cs. Tóthová ◽  
I. Paulíková ◽  
G. Kováčl ◽  
H. Seidel
Keyword(s):  
Lactate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Serum Lactate ◽  
Serum Lactate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Diagnostic Significance ◽  
Organ Systems ◽  
Isoenzyme Patterns

AbstractIn this study we examined the serum activity of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and its isoenzyme patterns in 28 calves of a lowland black spotted breed and its crossbreeds at the age of 2-6 months suffering from clinically noticeable manifested respiratory diseases - bronchopneumonia (BRD Group). As a control group we used 35 clinically healthy calves of the same age, breed and nutrition (Healthy Group). The sick calves did not show clinical signs or pathological lesions on other organ systems. The results found in sick calves showed a significantly higher total activity of LDH than in clinically healthy animals (P<0.01). The mean activity of LDH was 2012 U/l in healthy calves and in calves with respiratory diseases 2529 U/l. The differences in all LDH isoenzyme patterns between both groups of animals were significant (P<0.001) and in calves with respiratory diseases are characterized by a marked increase of the LDH 1 fraction and a decrease in the proportion of the other four LDH isoenzymes. Our results differ from those observed and presented in respiratory diseases in human medicine or in sheep. The explanation for the obtained results in calves and the determination of their diagnostic significance needs further studies and investigations using more animals with various severity of clinical signs and pathological changes, including analysis and determination of lactate dehydrogenase isoenzyme patterns in healthy and affected cattle lung tissue.

scholarly journals Differential diagnosis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 92 (3) ◽  
pp. 102-108
Author(s):  
E. I. Shmelev ◽  
A. E. Ergeshov ◽  
V. Ya. Gergert
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis ◽  
Pulmonary Fibrosis ◽  
Lung Diseases ◽  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Interstitial Lung Diseases ◽  
Antifibrotic Therapy ◽  
Inflammatory Drugs ◽  
Diffuse Lung

The review is devoted to the urgent problem of modern pulmonology: the differential diagnosis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (ILF). ILF occupies a special place among many interstitial lung diseases for a number of reasons: 1) it is a deadly disease; 2) early diagnosis and adequate antifibrotic therapy significantly extend the life expectancy of patients; 3) anti-inflammatory drugs (corticosteroids) and cytostatics with ILF that are widely used in other forms of interstitial lung diseases are ineffective and accelerate the progression of the process; 4) the commonality of the main clinical signs (increasing respiratory failure) of various interstitial lung diseases. The list of respiratory diseases with which ILF should be differentiated is huge, and if with diffuse lung lesions of a known nature (disseminated pulmonary tuberculosis, pneumoconiosis, etc.) with a certain experience/qualification, the diagnosis is relatively simple, then the isolation of ILF from the group of idiopathic interstitial pneumonias always represents certain difficulties. The main methods used in the diagnosis of ILF are summarized taking into account current international and national recommendations.

scholarly journals Translating the Burden of Pollen Allergy Into Numbers: 10-Year Observational Study of Electronically Generated Symptom Data From the Patient’s Hayfever Diary in Austria and Germany

10.2196/16767 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. e16767 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katharina Bastl ◽  
Maximilian Bastl ◽  
Karl-Christian Bergmann ◽  
Markus Berger ◽  
Uwe Berger
Keyword(s):  
Symptom Score ◽  
Mobile Apps ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Pollen Allergy ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Patient’S Hayfever Diary ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Symptom Load ◽  
Symptom Load Index

Background Pollen allergies affect a significant proportion of the population globally. At present, Web-based tools such as pollen diaries and mobile apps allow for easy and fast documentation of allergic symptoms via the internet. Objective This study aimed to characterize the users of the Patient’s Hayfever Diary (PHD), a Web-based platform and mobile app, to apply different symptom score calculations for comparison, and to evaluate the contribution of organs and medications to the total score for the first time. Methods The PHD users were filtered with regard to their location in Austria and Germany, significant positive correlation to the respective pollen type (birch/grass), and at least 15 entries in the respective season. Furthermore, 4 different symptom score calculation methods were applied to the datasets from 2009 until 2018, of which 2 were raw symptom scores and 2 were symptom load index (normalized) calculations. Pearson correlation coefficients were calculated pairwise for these 4 symptom score calculations. Results Users were mostly male and belonged to the age groups of 21 to 40 years or ≥40 years. User numbers have increased in the last 5 years, especially when mobile apps were made available. The Pearson correlation coefficients showed a significant linear relationship above 0.9 among the 4 symptom score datasets and thus indicated no significant difference between the different methods of symptom score calculation. The nose contributed the most to the symptom score and determined about 40% of the score. Conclusions The exact method of calculation of the symptom score is not critical. All computation methods show the same behavior (increase/decrease during the season). Therefore, the symptom load index is a useful computation method in all fields exploring pollen allergy, and Web-based diaries are a globally applicable tool to monitor the effect of pollen on human health via electronically generated symptom data.

scholarly journals Duration of immunity of a four-valent vaccine against bovine respiratory diseases

2017 ◽  
Vol 86 (4) ◽  
pp. 325-332 ◽  
Author(s):  
Corinne Philippe-Reversat ◽  
David Homer ◽  
Claude Hamers ◽  
Sylvie Brunet ◽  
Milan Huňady
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Mannheimia Haemolytica ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Consistent Finding ◽  
Post Vaccination ◽  
Bovine Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Transmission Chain ◽  
Syncytial Virus ◽  
The Individual

This study demonstrated the duration of immunity over 6 months of a vaccine against key bovine respiratory disease pathogens: Parainfluenza 3, Bovine Respiratory Syncytial Virus, Bovine Viral Diarrhoea and Mannheimia haemolytica. This was performed by challenge on colostrum-deprived calves at the age of 2 weeks. Recent European field isolates were used as challenge strains. Clinical signs and pathogen excretion or presence were monitored. Field relevance of the viral challenge strains was analysed using phylogenic analysis. Significant reduction of excretion of the 3 viruses in vaccinated animals was a consistent finding, demonstrating the efficacy of the vaccine. Reducing shedding is indeed key to interrupting the infection transmission chain and helping to achieve the protective effects of immunisation that extend beyond the individual. A significant reduction of clinical signs and lung lesions following the Mannheimia haemolytica challenge was also observed in vaccinated animals versus controls. Comparison of the challenge strains to an array of global and European strains, including recent ones, demonstrated a high genetic proximity, supporting the potential for the vaccine to maintain similar levels of efficacy in the field over a 6-month period post vaccination.

scholarly journals Mycoplasma spp. in captive snakes (Boa constrictor and Bothrops atrox) from Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Souza Neil Magalhães ◽  
Leandro dos Santos Machado ◽  
Arthur de Almeida Figueira ◽  
Thomas Salles Dias ◽  
Thiago de Almeida Feijó ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Dna Sequencing ◽  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Mycoplasma Species ◽  
First Report ◽  
Specific Pcr ◽  
Boa Constrictor ◽  
Bothrops Atrox ◽  
Mycoplasma Spp

ABSTRACT: Although rare, mycoplasmas are included among the causes of respiratory diseases in reptiles and, in the order Squamata, three reports of these microorganisms causing diseases in pythons have already been reported. This study aimed to evaluate the occurrence of Mycoplasma species in captive snakes. A total of 26 snakes of the families Pythonidae (13), Boidae (7), Viperidae (5) and Colubridae (1) from RioZoo, Brazil, were evaluated. Animals were examined to determine clinical signs consistent with any infectious disease. Tracheal swab samples from snakes were collected in Frey medium and analyzed for the presence of Mycoplasma spp.by isolation and a genus-specific PCR. DNA sequencing analyses of six positive samples by PCR were carried out to identify the species. Using isolation 19.23% (5/26) was positive, while 65.38% (17/26) of the animals were positive by PCR. Based on the analyses of the six sequences obtained, there was similarity with a Mycoplasma spp. previously described in a phyton and, M. agassizii and M. testudineum reported in chelonians. This is the first report of Mycoplasma spp. in animals of the families Boidae and Viperidae. Mycoplasma spp. were detected in snakes with and without clinical signs. The mycoplasmas reported resented identity (range, 95% to 100%) to others already described in reptiles. There was no relationship between the presence of Mycoplasma spp. and clinical signs.

scholarly journals Risk Factors Associated with Respiratory Infections in Poultry in Peri-Urban Areas of Dakar and Thies (Senegal)

2021 ◽  
pp. 69-77
Author(s):  
M. C. Kadja ◽  
J. Anitcheou ◽  
G. J. Djossa ◽  
S. Sourokou Sabi ◽  
F. X. Laleye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Respiratory Problems ◽  
System P ◽  
Poultry Farms ◽  
History Of ◽  
Poultry Farming

The objective of this study is identifying the main risk factors for the emergence of respiratory diseases in poultry farms in the Senegalese region of Niayes. It took place in the period from August 2018 to February 2019 in 45 modern poultry farms in the regions of Dakar and Thiès. The analysis of the results of our study showed that the farms are very close to houses and accessible to foreign people in 44.4% and 53.1% of cases respectively. Litter was treated before use in only 24.4% of farms. Respiratory diseases are the most frequent diseases (75.6%) and are found in 80% of broiler farms. The diagnosis of respiratory diseases was made by poultry advisors (75.6%) and was based mainly on memoranda, clinical signs and autopsy. The training of poultry farmers in poultry farming (p < 0.1), the proximity of farms to homes (p < 0.05), and the accessibility of the farm to outsiders (p < 0.01) influence the occurrence of respiratory problems on poultry farms.  Similarly, factors such as type of poultry speculation (p < 0.01), number of birds (p < 0.1), type of buildings (p < 0.01), bedding treatment (p < 0.05), and watering system (p < 0.05) appeared to be strongly related to the history of respiratory problems on poultry farms. Recommendations were made to improve environmental conditions and biosecurity measures to reduce the pressure of respiratory infections in poultry farms.

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