scholarly journals PREVALENCE AND CORRELATES OF POVERTY IN PAKISTAN

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (01) ◽  
pp. 47-64
Author(s):  
Naveed Jehan ◽  
Sajjad Ahmad Jan
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Public Spending ◽  
Poor Household ◽  
Economic Growth And Development ◽  
Education And Health ◽  
Long Run ◽  
The Social

Poverty is one of the main problems faced by the Pakistani economy that hinders economic growth and development. To surge the key elements, involved in poverty, this paper examines the effect of remittances, terrorism, GDP at factor cost, public spending on education and urbanization, on poverty reduction by apply VECM techniques, on data slab 1971 to 2018. Scales of some variables were transformed to log form to normalize them. The Johansen Co-integration shows long run relationship amongst the selected variables. The empirical results reveal that remittances, GDP at factor cost, public spending on education and health significantly play its role to alleviate poverty. Government must take some necessary steps involved in remittances receiving by poor household. The social protection programs must be extended to rural areas of the country so more people can be benefited from such programs.

scholarly journals Public Spending and Poverty Reduction in Indonesia: The Effects of Economic Growth and Public Spending on Poverty Reduction in Indonesia 2009-2018

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 49-56
Author(s):  
Hendrawan Toni Taruno
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Public Spending ◽  
Poverty Rate ◽  
Single Digit ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Government ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas

Poverty is a complex and multidimensional issue. Over the past four decades, the number of poor in Indonesia has experienced a significant decline, from 40.10 percent in 1976 to 9.82 percent in March 2018. Nevertheless, the disparity of poverty rates between provinces is still quite high. The poverty rate in several provinces in Java Island, for example, is already at the single-digit level, while in Eastern Indonesia, is still more than double-digit level. As it is known, public spending and economic growth are two crucial instruments on poverty reduction programs. This study aims to investigate the role of economic growth and public spending, particularly education, health, and social protection on poverty reduction in Indonesia. By using panel data from 31 provinces during 2009-2018 period, this study used two regression models to analyze the effects of these two variables on poverty reduction, both in urban and rural areas. This study shows that public spending on health and education sectors has a slightly different effect on poverty reduction between urban and rural areas. Convincingly, spending allocation on health and education has had a significant effect to reduce poverty rate in rural areas, while the decline of poverty rates in urban is likely more influenced by spending on health. This study also shows that over the past ten years, economic growth and social protection spending did not have a significant effect on reducing poverty rates. Therefore, in order to reduce poverty more effectively, it would be better for the government to focus its poverty reduction programs on investment in health and education sectors.

scholarly journals Pencapaian Program Keluarga Harapan (PKH)

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 525
Author(s):  
Wulandari Wulandari ◽  
Pudji Muljono
Keyword(s):  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Poor People ◽  
Education And Health ◽  
Poor Households ◽  
The Family ◽  
Program Policy ◽  
The Government

One of the main problems of development that experienced by Indonesia at this time is the high number of poor people. In order to accelerate poverty reduction and the development of policy in the field of social protection for families very poor households, the government issued a policy that is Family Hope Program. Family Hope Program is a social assistance that realized by cash, education and health are addressed to very poor households particularly who has a 0-15 years old and pregnant mother/ postpartum. The purpose of this research is to identify the achievement of the Family Hope Program in Tedunan, Kedung district, Jepara regency. This research was conducted with a quantitative approach that is supported by qualitative data. The method used in this research is survey method with 40 respondent.Key words: family hope program , policy, povertyABSTRAKSalah satu masalah utama pembangunan yang dialami oleh Indonesia saat ini adalah tingginya jumlah penduduk miskin. Dalam rangka percepatan penanggulangan kemiskinan sekaligus pengembangan kebijakan di bidang perlindungan sosial bagi keluarga Rumah Tangga Sangat Miskin (RTSM), pemerintah mengeluarkan sebuah kebijakan yaitu Program Keluarga Harapan (PKH). Program Keluarga Harapan adalah bantuan sosial yang diwujudkan dengan bantuan tunai, pendidikan dan kesehatan yang ditujukan kepada Rumah Tangga Sangat Miskin (RTSM) khususnya yang memiliki anak usia 0-15 tahun dan ibu hamil/nifas. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi pencapaian Program Keluarga Harapan (PKH) di Desa Tedunan, Kecamatan Kedung, Kabupaten Jepara. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan pendekatan kuantitatif yang didukung dengan data kualitatif. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode survey dengan responden sebanyak 40 orang.Kata kunci: kebijakan, kemiskinan, PKH

scholarly journals How Deep Are the Roots of Economic Development?

2013 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 325-369 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enrico Spolaore ◽  
Romain Wacziarg
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Empirical Work ◽  
Empirical Literature ◽  
Direct Impact ◽  
Economic Growth And Development ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Proximate Determinants ◽  
New Literature

The empirical literature on economic growth and development has moved from the study of proximate determinants to the analysis of ever deeper, more fundamental factors, rooted in long-term history. A growing body of new empirical work focuses on the measurement and estimation of the effects of historical variables on contemporary income by explicitly taking into account the ancestral composition of current populations. The evidence suggests that economic development is affected by traits that have been transmitted across generations over the very long run. This article surveys this new literature and provides a framework to discuss different channels through which intergenerationally transmitted characteristics may impact economic development, biologically (via genetic or epigenetic transmission) and culturally (via behavioral or symbolic transmission). An important issue is whether historically transmitted traits have affected development through their direct impact on productivity, or have operated indirectly as barriers to the diffusion of productivity-enhancing innovations across populations. (JEL J11, O33, O47, Z13)

scholarly journals Foreign Aid and Economics Development Nexus: The Case of Sierra Leone

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 219-233
Author(s):  
Ezekiel Kalvin Duramany-Lakkoh
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Foreign Aid ◽  
Sierra Leone ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Empirical Estimation ◽  
Economic Growth And Development ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Short Run ◽  
The Impact

This study investigates the impact of foreign aid on economic growth in Sierra Leone using cointegration and error correction methodology by Johansen and Juselius (1990). Utilizing secondary data for the period 1970 to 2018, the empirical estimation revealed that foreign aid in Sierra Lone is positively and significantly related to economic growth both in the short run and long run, confirming the importance of the study. The policy implication of the study is that the Sierra Leone government should seek more foreign aid to accelerate economic growth and development.  

scholarly journals Adequacy of Social Services for Persons with Disability of a Second Class City in Negros Occidental

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-172
Author(s):  
Cherry Belle R. Marcella ◽  
Ma. Dolores J. Nalumen
Keyword(s):  
Social Services ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Total Population ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Standard Of Living ◽  
Social Aspect ◽  
The Social ◽  
Five Elements ◽  
Basic Level

Persons with Disability (PWDs) comprise one billion or fifteen percent (15%) of the world's total population. Adequacy of social services plays a vital role in realizing the rights and welfare of the PWDs. This includes providing them with an adequate standard of living and a basic level of income security that will help reduce their levels of poverty and vulnerability. The Department of Social Welfare and Development (DSWD) is the primary government agency mandated to develop and coordinate social protection and poverty reduction solutions for and with the poor, vulnerable, and disadvantaged. Hence, this study explored how adequate are the social services under the five elements: health, education, livelihood, social aspect, and empowerment provided by the CSWD Office of a second-class city in Negros Occidental. It also explored the challenges faced by the respondents in availing of the social services and their recommendations to overcome those challenges.

scholarly journals Examining The Social Impact of Microfinance on Poverty Reduction

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-23
Author(s):  
DR. SAIF UL MUJAHID SHAH ◽  
DR. ANWAR UL MUJAHID SHAH ◽  
SYED ARSHAD ALI SHAH
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Social Impact ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Social Indicators ◽  
Economic Indicators ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Impact

As Poverty has become a global challenge for all the nations around the world, from the past many years, different strategies have been used to reduce it. However, since 1980s Microfinance has become a powerful tool to alleviate poverty and it's not adopted even in the developing countries but also developed nations have been practicing it. Many of the past studies used the economic indicators to measure the impact of microfinance on poverty reduction, and few have concentrated on the social indicators. The purpose of this research is to examine the effect of microfinance as a poverty reduction in terms of social indicators in the rural areas of northern Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. The objective of this research is to check whether the established NGOs in the concern areas have been successful in bringing social change in the life of the beneficiaries. For the purpose of analysis, the structural equation model is applied to a sample of 440 collected through a structured questionnaire. Results show that microfinance had a negative impact on the health and education of the beneficiaries. This research indicates that more funds and priority should be given to the education and health sector because they have equal importance as compared to the other economic indicators.

scholarly journals Measurements of Economic Growth and Development of Various Sized Central Place Areas in Pennsylvania, 1960-70

1972 ◽  
Vol 1 (01) ◽  
pp. 336-347
Author(s):  
R. Gar Forsht ◽  
J. Dean Jansma
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Economic Growth ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
The United States ◽  
Central Place ◽  
Economic Growth And Development ◽  
The Past ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas

There has been increasing concern over the past decade about the lack of economic activity in a number of major cities, many intermediate and small sized cities, and a significant number of rural areas within various regions of the United States. This concern about the depressed conditions in these urban and rural areas, relative to the nation, has attracted country-wide attention.

PROBLEMS OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF PEASANT FARMS

2021 ◽  
pp. 19-25
Author(s):  
Elvira G. Kuznetsova
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Sustainable Growth ◽  
Family Farms ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
The Social

The article considers the trends taking place in modern conditions in the agrarian sphere – peasant farms. Concepts and definitions characterizing the essence of functioning new agrarian forms of economy are analyzed. The place and role of the state and farming as equal partners in the social arrangement of rural areas and in the preservation of the traditional way of life in the countryside is emphasized. The author considers some of the concepts and definitions to be generally accepted, the other ones are of a search and research nature, which gives the article originality. Contradictions and problems impeding the development of new agrarian forms of economy are revealed. The relevance of the theme consists in the need to develop family farms as a priority form of individual entrepreneurship and as an important source of sustainable growth in food production. The long-term domestic experience of development of peasant farms and private holdings using achievements in foreign countries is studied and on this basis, practical recommendations on accelerated development of individual forms of agricultural production are offered. In general, the agricultural economy should be diversified in order to provide social protection, the opportunity to generate employment and increase the profitability of farmers.

scholarly journals Epidemiology of snakebites in Colombia (2008-2016)

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Leonardo José León-Núñez ◽  
Gabriel Camero-Ramos ◽  
José María Gutiérrez
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Case Fatality ◽  
Wide Distribution ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Social ◽  
Quantitative Descriptive ◽  
Population Mortality

Objective To describe the main epidemiological features of snakebites in Colombia during the period 2008 to 2016.Methods A retrospective (quantitative) descriptive analytical empirical study was carried out, based on the official databases of the Public Health Surveillance in the Integral Information System of the Social Protection (SISPRO) and the Surveillance System in Public Health (Sivigila) of the reported cases of snakebites in Colombia for that period.Results In total, 37 066 cases were reported, with annual incidences ranging from 7.0 (2008) to 9.7 (2011 and 2012) cases per 100,000 population. Mortality rates ranged from 0.059 (2013) to 0.091 (2011) deaths per 100 000 population, with case fatality rates ranging from 0.6% (2013) to 1.0% (2010). Indigenous and Afro-Colombian populations were highly affected, and highest incidences occurred in males, and in people living in rural areas. The average age of affected people is 31.7 years (95% CI 28.3 34.5). The regions with higher incidence are Amazonia and Orinoquia. Species of the genus Bothrops are responsible for the highest number of bites (64.5%), owing to their wide distribution in Colombia. Regarding clinical manifestations, pain and edema were observed in 86.9% and 78.8% of patients, respectively. Cellulitis and abscesses were the most frequent local complications of these envenomings.Conclusions Results underscore the relevance of snakebite envenoming in Colombia, and provide information for improving the public health attention to these envenoming.

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