scholarly journals Why Socio-metabolic Studies are Central to Ecological Economics

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 21-43
Author(s):  
Simron J Singh ◽  
Simran Talwar ◽  
Megha Shenoy
Keyword(s):  
Global Warming ◽  
World Economy ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Ecological Economics ◽  
Production And Consumption ◽  
The World ◽  
Stocks And Flows ◽  
Source Materials ◽  
Infant Stage ◽  
Material Extraction

Global material extraction has tripled since the 1970s, with more than 100 billion tonnes of materials entering the world economy each year. Only 8.6% of this is recycled, while 61% ends up as waste and emissions that is the leading cause of global warming, and large-scale pollution of land, rivers, and oceans. This paper introduces Socio-metabolic Research (SMR) and demonstrates its relevance for ecological economics scholarship in India. SMR is a research framework for studying the biophysical stocks and flows of material and energy associated with societal production and consumption. SMR is widely conducted in Europe, US, and China. In India, it is still at an infant stage. In this paper, we review pioneering efforts of SMR in India, and make the case for advancing the field in the sub-continent. The crucial question is whether India can source materials and energy necessary for human development in a sustainable manner.

scholarly journals SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT AS A FACTOR OF ACCELERATING ECONOMIC GROWTH IN RUSSIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 230 (4) ◽  
pp. 237-244
Author(s):  
E.B. LENCHUK ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
World Economy ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Technological Basis ◽  
Fourth Industrial Revolution ◽  
The World ◽  
Sustainable Economic Growth ◽  
Scientific And Technological Development

The article deals with the modern processes of changing the technological basis of the world economy on the basis of large-scale transition to the use of technologies of the fourth industrial revolution, shaping new markets and opens up prospects for sustainable economic growth. It is in the scientific and technological sphere that the competition between countries is shifting. Russia remains nearly invisible player in this field. The author tried to consider the main reasons for such a lag and identify a set of measures of state scientific and technological policy that can give the necessary impetus to the scientific and technological development of Russia.

scholarly journals G20 in the Second Decade of the 21st Century.Steering the World Towards Inclusive Growthand Sustainable Development

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 7-14
Author(s):  
Svetlana Lukash ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
International Cooperation ◽  
World Economy ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Inclusive Growth ◽  
World Community ◽  
Global Challenge ◽  
Global Institutions ◽  
The World ◽  
Near Future

In 2020, the world community, states and citizens faced the serious global challenge. The COVID-19 pandemic jeopardized the implementation of the goals of sustainable development and inclusive growth, and has become a major challenge for the international cooperation and the action of global institutions. Being the main platform for cooperation among the world's leading economies, the G20 is often criticized for its inability to effectively withstand crises. However, as shown in this article, the G20 managed to quickly implement a coordinated set of large-scale measures to overcome the pandemic and its consequences and become a coordinator of anti-crisis actions. The author concludes that the unique characteristics of the G20 will allow it to remain the flagship of international efforts to ensure strong, sustainable, balanced and inclusive growth of the world economy, and suggests a number of priorities for the implementation of which the G20 agenda should be aimed at in the near future.

Coronacrisis in the Mechanisms of Cyclic Development of the World and Russian Economies

2021 ◽  
pp. 03-33
Author(s):  
Sergey Gennadievich Kapkanshchikov
Keyword(s):  
World Economy ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Demand Shock ◽  
Root Cause ◽  
Nation States ◽  
Supply Shock ◽  
The World ◽  
Balance Of Forces ◽  
The Government ◽  
National Economies

Based on the theory of the cyclical nature of capitalist reproduction in its various (including modern) variations, the author of the article defends the thesis that the pandemic of the new coronavirus was not the root cause of the crisis in the world economy in 2020, but only a factor of its approach in time. Excessive, in the spirit of modern radical liberalism, marketization (commercialization) of country health systems and the desire of a number of nation states to use a large-scale epidemic as a powerful bioengineering weapon are classified as the most significant direct determinants of the global coronacrisis. The mechanism of the influence of the coronavirus epidemic on the state of the world economy is revealed. An attempt is made to compare the coronavirus crisis and the global financial and economic crisis of 2008–2009 with an assessment of the change in the balance of forces between the leading powers in the course of the deployment of these crises. As a «visiting card», the specifics of the current global crisis is characterized by a negative combination of supply shock and demand shock, which radically complicates the construction of an adequate system of anti-crisis regulation of the world and national economies. The place of coronacrisis shocks in the mechanism of the deepening of the Russian autonomous recession is revealed. The effectiveness of the anti-crisis activities of the Government and the Bank of Russia is constructively and critically assessed.

The World Economy

2008 ◽  
Vol 204 ◽  
pp. 9-14 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Financial Crisis ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
World Economy ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Banking System ◽  
The Us ◽  
The World ◽  
English Speaking ◽  
English Speaking World ◽  
Mortgage Defaults

A financial crisis, rooted in US mortgage defaults, has been building for several years. Its effects have seriously damaged the prospects for the global economy, and have particularly serious consequences for the English speaking world. Unsound lending permitted by poor regulation and worsened by lax bankruptcy laws has led the US, and potentially the rest of the OECD, to the brink of a large-scale recession. The scale of the potential slowdown depends upon the scale of losses to the banking system and their impacts on the ability of the banking system to lend.

scholarly journals Phenomenological Approach to Consumption Society Analysis: E. Husserl and J. Baudrillard

2019 ◽  
pp. 68-74
Author(s):  
Pavel Zaytsev
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Phenomenological Approach ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Contemporary Society ◽  
Mental Life ◽  
Production And Consumption ◽  
The World ◽  
Phenomenological Methodology ◽  
Public Production ◽  
Economic Ties

The notion of “consumption society” was introduced by J. Baudrillard in 1970, when he published the book of this name, so well-loved by researchers. Today, “impression society” or “experience consumption society” is getting more and more widespread along with the “consumption society” concept. Consumption of impressions means a certain industry producing impressions. This paper aims to identify the link between J. Baudrillard’s concept of “consumption society” and key explanatory concepts in the sphere of public production and consumption that existed in his time. The paper poses and answers the question of potential sources of Baudrillard’s research approach. It is argued that, despite his “leftist” aesthetics, J. Baudrillard was pretty far from C. Marx. His view of the purpose of consumer value is explained from E. Husserl’s perspective of the phenomenological methodology. We find attention to the context of contemporary economic ties in works by G. Simmel, specifically, in his The Metropolis and Mental Life. The paper ends with the conclusion that while C. Marx’s contemporary society, with all the significance of production processes, with its obvious commodity orientation and large-scale crises caused by commodities overproduction, still included lacunae not directly associated with the world of capital – family, religion, ethnicity, lifestyle – the “consumption society” seizes these, too.

scholarly journals DEVELOPMENT OF THE WORLD ECONOMY: STATE, TENDENCIES, FACTORS OF INSTABILITY AND CHALLENGES OF TIME

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anastasiia Molozhen ◽  
Nataliia Skrypnyk
Keyword(s):  
World Economy ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
The United States ◽  
Employment System ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Economic Forces ◽  
The World ◽  
Network Technologies ◽  
Main Factor

The article considers the main issues concerning the development of the world economy in the time of globalization. Today there are certain challenges, which affect the state of the world economy, trend formation in its functioning. The main factor of instability at the current stage of development of the world economy is the crisis due to the COVID-19 pandemic, which affected all countries and led to reduction in international trade, unemployment rising, poverty rising (especially in Africa, where GDP per capita in 2019 was the lowest in the world), etc. Nowadays many companies strive to implement flexible employment, which gives people an opportunity to work from various countries online without leaving their houses. Basically, it provides employers with safety. In 2020 there are 78% of all companies, which have implemented this employment system compared to 53% in 2019. The article reflects the dynamics of world trade during 2015–2019, reflecting growth of world exports until 2018 and growth of service trade until 2019. Electrical appliances, their parts, equipment were a significant part of world export. Moreover, there are several countries, which were the main service exporters and importers in 2019: USA, China and United Kingdom. Fluctuations in world inflation were noticeable, in 2020 amounted to 4.9%. Zimbabwe and Sudan had the highest inflation level in 2021 – 348.6% and 269.3% respectively. In addition, one of the trends implies the expansion of trade through the development of network technologies that have made it possible to sell goods and services online. A large-scale engine for the development of the world economy is the activity of TNCs, which foreign direct investment moves through and which accelerate scientific and technical progress in the time of globalization. Nowadays TNCs have more opportunities to expand their markets and boost their sales due to information revolution, which also allowed companies to establish relations with different enterprises. One of the most important aspects implies gradual reorientation of economic forces towards China, which creates strong competition with the United States as a world leader.

Development of Microfinance Organisations in Vietnam

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (5E) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hoang Thi Thu Hien ◽  
Jonh Creedy
Keyword(s):  
Market Economy ◽  
World Economy ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Interesting Case ◽  
Economic Planning ◽  
Planning System ◽  
The World ◽  
Economic Needs ◽  
Central Economic

The aim of this paper is to examine the development of microfinance in Vietnam from the early 1980s. This provides a particularly interesting case study in view of the large-scale changes that have taken place in the economy over the period, which has experienced the transition from a Central Economic Planning System towards a ‘socialist-oriented market economy’, with increased integration in the world economy. Starting from a framework, or taxonomy, of microfinance organisations, the paper explores how the two main objectives of microfinance organisations - of meeting the economic needs of borrowers and being sustainable - have eventually been met using a diversity of organisational forms.

An Indian It-Narrative and the Problem of Circulation: Reconsidering a Useful Concept for Literary Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 79 (4) ◽  
pp. 373-396
Author(s):  
James Mulholland
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
World Economy ◽  
Literary Studies ◽  
Literary Study ◽  
Cultural Ideal ◽  
Publication History ◽  
Production And Consumption ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Definition Of

Abstract For decades scholars have relied on the concept of circulation to explain the operation of texts and to animate the significance of literary studies. Its overuse has elided differences in the virtual relationships created by reading and has blurred empirical details about the production and consumption of texts. Circulation has been turned into a “widespread cultural ideal” and remains one of the least examined stipulations of literary study. For these reasons, reconsidering its role in literary study is essential. The eighteenth century was a vital period for the creation of a modern definition of circulation, so this essay returns to one especially pertinent case from that period, Helenus Scott’s it-narrative The Adventures of a Rupee (1782), which describes the movements of a rupee coin in the world economy. Attending to the linguistic form and publication history of Scott’s novel offers a model of circulation that emphasizes coagulation and stasis rather than liquidity, mobility, and flows. This model explains how texts repeat while altering preexisting forms of circulation, which has consequences for understanding how reading publics arise and reproduce themselves.

IMPORTANCE OF BIOECONOMY TO STIMULATE THE BULGARIAN ECONOMY

2019 ◽  
pp. 295-301
Author(s):  
Nely Georgieva ◽  
Darina Zaimova
Keyword(s):  
World Economy ◽  
Natural Capital ◽  
World Population ◽  
Ecosystem Recovery ◽  
Innovative Methods ◽  
World Population Growth ◽  
Production And Consumption ◽  
The World ◽  
Environmentally Sound ◽  
Legislative Measures

Tackling the problems of world population growth, the rapid depletion of resources, climate change and the growing threat to the environment call for Europe to radically change its approach to the production, consumption, processing, storage, recycling and landfilling biological resources. Strengthening the bio-economy as a key EU policy will lead to a sustainable solution to these problems and will improve the economic and environmental situation in Europe for providing its inhabitants. On an international scale, documents relevant to the future of humankind are adopted to stimulate the development of the bio-economy as a basis for the ecological and environmentally sound development of the world economy. Legislative measures are also underway in Bulgaria to stimulate the introduction of sustainable production and consumption patterns that are tailored to the capacity and potential for ecosystem recovery and do not cause environmental degradation. The purpose of this report is to assess the importance of the measures taken and the results achieved in introducing innovative methods and ideas based on renewable and not exhaustible natural resources so that each region can benefit from its natural capital.)

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