Oxidative stress and antioxidant enzymes in triticale shoots under chloride salinization

2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (7) ◽  
pp. 99-105
Author(s):  
Viktor V. Ivanishchev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Glutathione Reductase ◽  
Guaiacol Peroxidase ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Stress Indicators ◽  
Oxidative Stress Indicators

We studied alterations in oxidative stress indicators (hydrogen peroxide, superoxide radical, lipid peroxidation – LPO) and alterations in the activity of antioxidant enzymes (catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, guaiacol peroxidase, glutathione reductase) in triticale shoots (Triticosecale) during short-term (0-96 h) sodium chloride stress (120 mM) with statistical methods: principal component analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis. Analysis of alterations in the activity of enzymes with the PCA method does not allow them to be unambiguously included in a single group, despite the fact that they all belong to antioxidant enzymes. The inclusion of oxidative stress indicators in this analysis did not make the picture simpler. Using the cluster analysis method, it can be concluded that under conditions of short-term chloride stress in the shoots of triticale, much more catalase (than other enzymes studied) is associated with the protection of membranes from lipid peroxidation than with the utilization of hydrogen peroxide. This is also reflected by the highest correlation coefficients: catalase – LPO (0.94), catalase – hydrogen peroxide (0.79). The formation of primary clusters between ascorbate peroxidase and glutathione reductase reflect the significance of the association of the ascorbate – glutathione cycle with the processes of utilization of reactive oxygen species (primarily hydrogen peroxide) under experimental conditions. It was also shown that under conditions of short-term chloride stress in the shoots of triticale, guaiacol peroxidase plays the least role in the utilization of hydrogen peroxide. In this case, salt ions again form a single primary cluster, which combines with other clusters at the maximum Euclidean distance in the experiment.

scholarly journals Indicators of the antioxidant system and oxidative stress of triticale shoots under chloride salinity

2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (9) ◽  
pp. 51-58
Author(s):  
Viktor V. Ivanishchev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Glutathione Reductase ◽  
Ascorbate Peroxidase ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Guaiacol Peroxidase ◽  
Short Term

Alterations in the activity of antioxidant enzymes (catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, guaiacol peroxidase, glutathione reductase), the content of low molecular weight antioxidants (ascorbic acid, glutathione, and proline), as well as indicators of oxidative stress (hydrogen peroxide, superoxide radical, lipid peroxidation –LPO) in the shoots of triticale (Triticosecale) under short-term (0-96 h) sodium chloride stress (120 mM) were studied with statistical methods: principal component analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis. The application of the PCA method did not always lead to definite results that could be unambiguously interpreted from the point of view of modern concepts in the field of plant physiology and biochemistry. At the same time, high values of the correlation coefficients between individual indicators did not at all reflect their biochemical interdependence. The results obtained allow us to conclude that, under conditions of short-term chloride stress in triticale shoots, the more important function of proline is associated, rather, with the maintenance of osmotic pressure inside the cell than with the role of a low-molecular antioxidant. The mutual positive values of the correlation coefficients (with respect to each other) of the activity of catalase, glutathione reductase, LPO, the content of hydrogen peroxide and superoxide indicate the unidirectionality of the detected alterations, which reflect their known biochemical relationship and the need for glutathione reductase to maintain a certain redox-state in plant cells. With cluster analysis it was shown that under conditions of short-term chloride stress in triticale shoots, the studied enzymes (catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, guaiacol peroxidase, and glutathione reductase) play a more significant role in neutralizing of reactive oxygen species, and maintaining the state of membranes, than low molecular weight antioxidants.

scholarly journals Mechanism for Higher Tolerance to and Lower Accumulation of Arsenite in NtCyc07-Overexpressing Tobacco

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 1480
Author(s):  
DongGwan Kim ◽  
Ramin Bahmani ◽  
Mahsa Modareszadeh ◽  
Seongbin Hwang
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Nicotiana Tabacum ◽  
Glutathione Reductase ◽  
Toxic Chemical ◽  
Yeast Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Stress Indicators ◽  
Oxidative Stress Indicators

Arsenite [As(III)] is a highly toxic chemical to all organisms. Previously, we reported that the overexpression of NtCyc07 enhanced As(III) tolerance and reduced As(III) accumulation in yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) and tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum). To understand a mechanism for higher As(III) tolerance and lower As(III) accumulation in NtCyc07-overexpressing tobacco, we examined the expression levels of various putative As(III) transporters (aquaporin). The expressions of putative As(III) exporter NIP1;1, PIP1;1, 1;5, 2;1, 2;2, and 2;7 were enhanced, while the expressions of putative As(III) importer NIP3;1, 4;1, and XIP2;1 were decreased, contributing to the reduced accumulation of As(III) in NtCyc07-overexpressing tobacco. In addition, the levels of oxidative stress indicators (H2O2, superoxide and malondialdehyde) were lower, and the activities of antioxidant enzymes (catalase, superoxide dismutase and glutathione reductase) were higher in NtCyc07-tobacco than in the control tobacco. This suggests that the lower oxidative stress in transgenic tobacco may be attributed to the higher activities of antioxidant enzymes and lower As(III) levels. Taken together, the overexpression of NtCyc07 enhances As(III) tolerance by reducing As(III) accumulation through modulation of expressions of putative As(III) transporters in tobacco.

scholarly journals The Effect of Nitrogen Fertilization and Fusarium culmorum Inoculation on the Biomarkers of Oxidative Stress in Wheat Flag Leaves

Poljoprivreda ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 15-24
Author(s):  
Magdalena Matić ◽  
◽  
Rosemary Vuković ◽  
Karolina Vrandečić ◽  
Ivna Štolfa Čamagajevac ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Biotic Stress ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Fusarium Culmorum ◽  
Antioxidant Response ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Biomarkers Of Oxidative Stress

During cultivation, wheat is exposed to several abiotic and/or biotic stress conditions that may adversely impact the wheat yield and quality. The impact of abiotic stress caused by nitrogen deficiency and biotic stress caused by phytopathogenic fungus Fusarium culmorum on biomarkers of oxidative stress in the flag leaf of nine winter wheat varieties (Ficko, U-1, Galloper, BC Mandica, BC Opsesija, Ingenio, Isengrain, Felix, and Bezostaya-1) was analyzed in this study. Hydrogen peroxide concentration and lipid peroxidation level were measured as indicators of oxidative stress, while the antioxidant response was determined by measuring the concentration of phenolic compounds and activities of antioxidant enzymes. Wheat variety and nitrogen treatment had a significant effect on all examined biomarkers of oxidative stress in the flag leaf, while the impact of Fusarium treatment was less pronounced. The most significant impact on the measured stress biomarkers had a low nitrogen level, which mainly increased hydrogen peroxide concentration and lipid peroxidation level and decreased activities of antioxidant enzymes in most varieties. The obtained results were discussed and compared with the previous study in which biochemical analyzes were performed on the wheat spike. There was no significant strong correlation between flag leaf and spike response in the measured parameters, which, in addition to the variety-specific response, also indicates a tissue-specific antioxidant response.

Butylated hydroxyanisole alleviates ferric nitrilotriacetate induced nephrotoxicity in rats by abrogation of oxidative stress

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 65-70
Author(s):  
Sabah Ansar ◽  
Mohammad Iqbal ◽  
Noura Al Jameil
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Butylated Hydroxyanisole ◽  
Chemopreventive Agent ◽  
Microsomal Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Hydrogen Peroxide Generation

In this study the effect of butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA), a phenolic antioxidantused in food on Ferric‐Nitrilotriacetate (Fe–NTA) induced nephrotoxicity is reported. Fe‐NTA (9 mg Fe/kg body weight, intraperitoneally) treatment enhanced the renal microsomal lipid peroxidation and hydrogen peroxide generation to ~2‐2.5 folds compared to saline‐treated control and glutathione levels and the activities of antioxidant enzymes decreased to a range of 2–2.5 fold in kidney. These changes were reversed significantly in animals receiving a pretreatment of BHA. Pretreatment with BHA prior to Fe‐ NTA treatment reduced microsomal lipid peroxidation and hydrogen peroxide generation to 1.3‐1.5 fold compared to control group and glutathione and the activities of antioxidant enzymes increased to a range of 1.5‐2 folds in kidney. Fe‐NTA administration enhanced value of blood urea nitrogen and creatinine to 3.7 and 2.5 fold respectively as compared to their corresponding control group. Administration of Fe‐NTA to rats receiving a pretreatment of BHA led to a significant diminution in both of these values. The results indicate that BHA is a potent chemopreventive agent and suppresses Fe‐NTA induced nephrotoxicity in rats.

scholarly journals Palm oil extracts protected against cadmium chloride poisoning via inhibition of oxidative stress in rats

2022 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Chukwuyenum Ichipi-Ifukor ◽  
Samuel Ogheneovo Asagba ◽  
Chibueze Nwose ◽  
Joseph Chukwufumnanya Mordi ◽  
John Chukwuma Oyem
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Antioxidant Response ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Stress Indicators ◽  
Cadmium Poisoning ◽  
Oxidative Stress Indicators

Abstract Background The probable mechanism of an earlier reported capacity of palm oil extracts to confer protection against high dose cadmium poisoning in rats was reported in this study. Similar experimental design earlier reported by us was retained. Rats therefore were sacrificed at intervals of twelve; twenty four and forty eight hours post CdCl2 insult. Results Oxidative stress and antioxidant status (malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione) were assessed in tissues (liver, kidney, heart, brain, muscle) and serum. Oxidative stress indicators showed a significantly (p < 0.05) increased lipid peroxidation and alterations in antioxidant defence systems occasioned by drop in catalase and superoxide dismutase enzymes (serum, liver, heart, brain and kidneys) of the rats. Also observed were significant (p < 0.05) reduction in the non-enzymatic antioxidant reduced glutathione over time. Pre-administration of rats with the crude palm oil and its extracts modulated cadmium mediated depletion of the antioxidant capacities of rats acutely exposed to cadmium and rising lipid peroxidation profile. Conclusions Regulation of stress and antioxidant response was the underlying mechanism by which the extracts conferred protection against high dose cadmium insult thus suggesting its potential as a viable therapeutic target against its deleterious effects. Graphical Abstract

scholarly journals Palm oil extracts’ protected against cadmium chloride poisoning via inhibition of oxidative stress in rats”

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Chukwuyenum ICHIPI-IFUKOR ◽  
Samuel Ogheneovo ASAGBA ◽  
Chibueze NWOSE ◽  
Joseph Chukwufumnanya MORDI ◽  
John Chukwuma OYEM
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Antioxidant Response ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Stress Indicators ◽  
Cadmium Poisoning ◽  
Oxidative Stress Indicators

Abstract Background: The probable mechanism of an earlier reported capacity of palm oil extracts to confer protection against high dose cadmium poisoning in rats was reported in this study. Similar experimental design earlier reported by us was retained. Rats therefore were sacrificed at intervals of twelve; twenty four and forty eight hours post CdCl2 insult. Results: Oxidative stress and antioxidant status (malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione) were assessed in tissues (liver, kidney, heart, brain, muscle) and serum. Oxidative stress indicators showed a significantly (p<0.05) increased lipid peroxidation and alterations in antioxidant defence systems occasioned by drop in catalase and superoxide dismutase enzymes (serum, liver, heart, brain and kidneys) of the rats. Also observed were significant (p<0.05) reduction in the non-enzymatic antioxidant reduced glutathione over time. Pre-administration of rats with the crude palm oil and its extracts modulated cadmium mediated depletion of the antioxidant capacities of rats acutely exposed to cadmium and rising lipid peroxidation profile. Conclusions: Regulation of stress and antioxidant response was the underlying mechanism by which the extracts conferred protection against high dose cadmium insult thus suggesting its potential as a viable therapeutic target against its deleterious effects.

scholarly journals Nutritional content of Totoaba macdonaldi (Gilbert, 1890), Antioxidants and lipid peroxidation in muscle

PeerJ ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. e11129
Author(s):  
Priscila Conde-Guerrero ◽  
Lia C. Méndez-Rodríguez ◽  
Juan A. de Anda-Montañez ◽  
Tania Zenteno-Savín
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Gulf Of California ◽  
Temporal Variations ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽  
Stress Indicators ◽  
Sea Temperature ◽  
The North ◽  
Totoaba Macdonaldi ◽  
Oxidative Stress Indicators

Background Totoaba, Totoaba macdonaldi, is an endemic species of the Gulf of California, where wide variations in sea temperature throughout the year, surface salinities that gradually increase towards the north, and contamination by discharge of wastewater have been recorded. In addition to the challenges of reproduction and swimming, its characteristic biannual migration presents totoaba with changes in environmental factors that could affect oxidative stress indicators. The objective of this study was to assess spatial and seasonal changes in the oxidative stress indicators in muscle samples of totoaba. Methods Reactive oxygen species production, antioxidant enzyme activities and lipid peroxidation levels were quantified by spectrophotometry. Results Results suggest spatial-temporal variations of the oxidative stress indicators in muscle of totoaba that may be associated to a complex interaction between environmental and biological factors, including reproduction and nutrient availability. These results contribute to explain the appeal of totoaba as a marketable meat and suggest totoaba may provide antioxidant nutrients to consumers.

scholarly journals Response of antioxidative system of Brassica juncea (L.) Czern. to terminal heat stress

2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 1185-1188
Author(s):  
Narender Mohan ◽  
Nisha Kumari ◽  
Minakshi Jattan ◽  
Ram Avtar ◽  
Babita Rani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Heat Stress ◽  
Indian Mustard ◽  
Concomitant Increase ◽  
Maximum Increase ◽  
Stress Indicators ◽  
Terminal Heat Stress ◽  
Oxidative Stress Indicators

A differential response to terminal heat stress was observed on enzymatic and non-enzymatic components of antioxidant system of two thermo-tolerant genotypes viz., RGN-368 & RH-1566 and two thermo-sensitive genotypes viz., RH-1134 & RH-0749 in leaves of Indian mustard. The antioxidative enzymes viz., superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, catalase, ascorbate peroxidase and glutathione reductase showed higher activity in leaves of two thermo-tolerant genotypes as compared to thermo-sensitive. Terminal heat stress resulted in concomitant increase in non-enzymatic components like carotenoids, ascorbic acid and proline in all the genotypes but maximum increase was observed in thermo-tolerant genotypes. A remarkable accumulation was observed in oxidative stress indicators i.e., malondialdehyde, hydrogen peroxide and electrolyte leakage in all the genotypes, whereas, significant increase was observed in thermo-sensitive genotypes as compared to thermo-tolerant. It is inferred that leaves of thermo-tolerant genotypes tend to attain greater capacity to perform reaction of antioxidative pathway under the condition of terminal heat stress to combat thermo-induced oxidative stress.

Effect of hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] stress in roots of Cr-tolerant and Cr-sensitive barley cultivars

2012 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Yildiz ◽  
H. Terzi
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Dehydrogenase Activity ◽  
Total Soluble Protein ◽  
Guaiacol Peroxidase ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Barley Cultivars ◽  
Significant Difference

The effect of different chromium [Cr(VI)] concentrations (0, 75, 150 and 225 μM) on dehydrogenase activity, total soluble protein, proline, malondialdehyde (MDA) and antioxidant enzymes was investigated in the roots of two barley cultivars (Cr-tolerant Zeynelağa and Cr-sensitive Orza-96) in hydroponic experiments. The root dehydrogenase activity and protein content decreased with an increase in the Cr(VI) concentration, but no significant difference was found between the two barley cultivars. Cr(VI) stress increased the contents of proline and MDA in both cultivars, but this effect was more pronounced in Orza-96 than in Zeynelağa. The activities of antioxidant enzymes, including superoxide dismutase (SOD), ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and guaiacol peroxidase (POD), exhibited changes. The SOD activity increased in Zeynelağa and decreased in Orza-96 at 225 μM Cr(VI) compared to their controls. Cr(VI) stress decreased the APX and POD activities. Zeynelağa had greater APX activity than Orza-96 at 150 and 225 μM Cr(VI). However, there was no marked difference in POD activities between the two cultivars. The decrease in root dehydrogenase activity and protein content, the increase in proline and lipid peroxidation, and the alterations in the activities of antioxidant enzymes may be indicative of oxidative stress induced by Cr(VI).

scholarly journals Oxidative stress and low molecular weight antioxidants in triticale shoots under chloride salinization

2020 ◽  
Vol 62 (6) ◽  
pp. 125-130
Author(s):  
Viktor V. Ivanishchev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Stress Indicators ◽  
Sodium Chloride Stress ◽  
Oxidative Stress Indicators

We studied the alterations in oxidative stress indicators (hydrogen peroxide, superoxide radical, lipid peroxidation – LPO) and the alterations in the content of low molecular weight metabolites (ascorbic acid, glutathione, proline, chlorophyll and carotenoids) in the shoots of triticale (Triticosecale) under short-term (0-96 h) sodium chloride stress (120 mM) with statistical methods: principal component analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis. An analysis of the alterations in oxidative stress indicators allowed us to calculate the correlation coefficients for the pairs: peroxide – superoxide (0.52), peroxide – LPO (0.62), superoxide – LPO (0.23). The inclusion in the analysis of data on alterations in the content of low molecular weight antioxidants showed that the PCA method forms three main groups for all the studied characteristics: (1) LPO and hydrogen peroxide, (2) chlorophyll and carotenoids, (3) glutathione and ascorbate. The correlation coefficients were calculated for pairs: ascorbate – glutathione (0.71), ascorbate – proline (0.81), glutathione – proline (0.28). Such a value of the coefficient of the first pair suggests that ascorbic acid also performs numerous other functions, in addition to participating in the ascorbate-glutathione cycle. The high correlation between ascorbate and proline can be explained by the similar nature of alterations in their content in triticale shoots under conditions of short-term sodium chloride stress. Negative correlation coefficients in pairs of hydrogen peroxide – chlorophyll (-0.73), peroxide – carotenoids (-0.75), ascorbic acid – LPO (-0.70), LPO – proline (-0.69) give reason to talk about the possible protective role of photosynthesis pigments from accumulating hydrogen peroxide, as well as the potential role of ascorbic acid and proline in protecting membranes from lipid peroxidation. The application of the cluster analysis method showed that first and second order clusters between ascorbate, proline and glutathione reflect their known antioxidant role. The results obtained may also indicate that pigments have a much lower protective function.

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