Fermented milk modulates immune systemic response and intestinal epithelial structure in Balb/c mice sensitized to bovine whey proteins

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 400-406
Author(s):  
Benaissa Yamina ◽  
Addou Samia ◽  
Dib Wafaa ◽  
Abbas Hafsia ◽  
Berouis Mama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Whey Proteins ◽  
Fermented Milk ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial ◽  
Epithelial Structure ◽  
Second Period

In epidemiological studies, cow’s milk protein allergy (CMPA) is the most prevalent allergy for infants or young children.This study was conducted to compare the effect of Soummam and Saifi fermented milks on mice sensiti-zed to whey protein (β –Lactoglobulin and α –Lactalbumin). During 28 days, the animals from the first and second lot received via an oral way the fer-mented milks. In a second period of time, mice from the first, second lots were sensitized via intraperitoneal way using β-Lg, mice from third and fourth lot were sensitized by α–Lactalbumin. The antigenecity was deter-mined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Symptom scores were determined after in vivo challenge with β-Lg or α-Lac. Intestinal da-mage was evaluated by histological analysis. Analysis of the data revealed that the titers of anti-α-lactalbumin and anti-β-lactoglbulin IgG increased significantly in the positive control groups given Soummam and Saifi fer-mented milk (p <0.001). Moreover, in fermented milk-treated mice, signifi-cant clinical symptoms were observed. Analysis of histological sections re-vealed that fermented milk doesn’t reduce the microscopic lesions induced by β-Lg or α-Lac sensitzation. This study indicated that the administration of Soummam fermented milk can modulate effectively the immune response and protect the intestinal epithelium integrity.

scholarly journals Cytokine and immunoglobulin subclass responses of rats to infection withEimeria nieschulzi

Parasitology ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 111 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. C. Smith ◽  
K. S. Ovington ◽  
P. Deplazes ◽  
J. Eckert
Keyword(s):  
Primary Infection ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Challenge Infection ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Similar Dose ◽  
Eimeria Nieschulzi ◽  
Resistance To Infection ◽  
Immunoglobulin Subclass

SUMMARYSIV rats infected with a high dose (50000 oocysts) ofEimeria nieschulzidisplayed clinical symptoms of coccidiosis such as diarrhoea (days 6 and 7 post-primary infection) and weight loss (days 6–8 post-primary infection) and were completely immune to challenge with a similar dose. The ability of rats to produce tumour necrosis factor (TNF)in vivowas enhanced during the period of oocyst excretion in the primary infection but significant production of TNF did not occur after challenge infection. Thus, TNF does not appear to be an important factor in resistance to infection withE. nieschulzibut may play some role in resistance to primary infection and in the pathology associated withE. nieschulziinfection. Parasite-specific serum IgM levels (measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) were also increased during primary infection but returned to background levels at the end of the patent period and were not affected by challenge infection. In contrast to TNF and IgM, serum concentrations ofE. nieschulzi-specific IgGl, IgG2a, IgG2b, IgG2c and intestinal tissue levels of IgA did not begin to increase until after day 12 post-primary infection, reached peak levels between days 20 and 30 post-primary infection and were slightly increased by challenge infection.

scholarly journals Comparison of Escherichia coli Strains Recovered from Human Cystitis and Pyelonephritis Infections in Transurethrally Challenged Mice

1998 ◽  
Vol 66 (7) ◽  
pp. 3059-3065 ◽  
Author(s):  
David E. Johnson ◽  
C. Virginia Lockatell ◽  
Robert G. Russell ◽  
J. Richard Hebel ◽  
Michael D. Island ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Virulence Factors ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Tract Infections

ABSTRACT Urinary tract infection, most frequently caused byEscherichia coli, is one of the most common bacterial infections in humans. A vast amount of literature regarding the mechanisms through which E. coli induces pyelonephritis has accumulated. Although cystitis accounts for 95% of visits to physicians for symptoms of urinary tract infections, few in vivo studies have investigated possible differences between E. coli recovered from patients with clinical symptoms of cystitis and that from patients with symptoms of pyelonephritis. Epidemiological studies indicate that cystitis-associated strains appear to differ from pyelonephritis-associated strains in elaboration of some putative virulence factors. With transurethrally challenged mice we studied possible differences using three each of the most virulent pyelonephritis and cystitis E. coli strains in our collection. The results indicate that cystitis strains colonize the bladder more rapidly than do pyelonephritis strains, while the rates of kidney colonization are similar. Cystitis strains colonize the bladder in higher numbers, induce more pronounced histologic changes in the bladder, and are more rapidly eliminated from the mouse urinary tract than pyelonephritis strains. These results provide evidence that cystitis strains differ from pyelonephritis strains in this model, that this model is useful for the study of the uropathogenicity of cystitis strains, and that it would be unwise to use pyelonephritis strains to study putative virulence factors important in the development of cystitis.

scholarly journals Apigenin Acts as Anti-inflammatory Compound through Reducing IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α in LPS-induced Inflammation; in-vivo Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanaz Jamshidi ◽  
Mohammad Sofiabadi ◽  
Mina Eslami ◽  
Farshad Foroughi
Keyword(s):  
Positive Control ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Steroid Drug ◽  
Spss Software ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Α Level ◽  
Control Sham

Abstract Background: Consumption of herbal flavonoids instead of chemical drugs has increased in recent years due to fewer side effects and affordability. In this study, the effect of apigenin was investigated on inflammation induced by lipopolysaccharide in male rat's serum by measuring the pro-inflammatory cytokines, i.e., IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α.Methods: 90 male Wistar rats weighing 200 ±2 grams were used and divided into control, sham (solvent), and positive control (dexamethasone 15 mg/kg. ip), and 3 experimental groups which received 5, 15 or 30 mg/kg of apigenin, intraperitoneally. In 30 minutes after interventions, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) [30 μg/kg. ip] was injected. Then, at 4, 12- and 24-hour intervals, rats were anesthetized, and blood samples were prepared intracardially. Samples were centrifuged, and serums were separated and stored at -80 ° C. Measurement of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α were conducted by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method. Data were analyzed using the SPSS software version 19.Results: Pre-injection of apigenin at 5 mg/kg dosage were reduced TNF-α and IL-1β levels at 24-hours after LPS injection, compared to control (for both P <0.05). Pre-injection of 15 mg/kg of apigenin was reduced IL-6 level at 24-hours after LPS injection (P <0.05). Pre-injection of 30 mg/kg of apigenin were reduced TNF-α level at 4- (P <0.05), 12- (P <0.01) and 24- (P <0.01) hours, IL-1β level at 24-hours (P <0.01), and IL-6 level at 4- (P <0.05) and 24- (P <0.01) hours after LPS injection.Conclusions: Apigenin reduces proinflammatory cytokines in serum in acute inflammation induction. This impact is close to the dexamethasone effect as an anti-inflammatory steroid drug.

Coconut milk regulates the allergic response in Balb/c mice sensitized with whey proteins

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-25
Author(s):  
Yamina Benaissa ◽  
Samia Addou ◽  
Wafaa Dib ◽  
Hadria Grar ◽  
Omar Kheroua ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
Ussing Chamber ◽  
Whey Proteins ◽  
Milk Proteins ◽  
Short Circuit Current ◽  
Coconut Milk ◽  
Intestinal Damage

In this work the effect of coconut milk on mice sensitized to cow's milk proteins was evaluated. Balb/c mice treated orally for twenty eight days with coconut milk were sensitized intraperitoneally with β-lactoglobulin (β-Lg) or α-Lactoglobulin (α-Lac). We used Ussing chamber to analyze ex vivo electrical parameters characterizing the intestinal tissue of mice by measuring the variations of the short current circuit Isc (μA/cm2) as well as the epithelial conductance (G). Jejunal fragments of sensitized and treated mice were mounted in Ussing chamber and stimulated by the deposit of β-Lg or α-Lac. Symptom scores were determined after in vivo challenge to β-Lg or α-Lac. Intestinal damage was assessed by histological analysis. Coconut milk influ-enced the electrophysiological parameters by significantly decreasing the short-circuit current (Isc) (p < 0.001) and the epithelial conductance ((p< 0.01 and (p < 0.001, respectively). Moreover, in coconut milk-treated mice, no significant clinical symptoms were observed. Analysis of histological sections revealed that coconut milk reduced the microscopic lesions induced by β-Lg or α-Lac sensitization. We speculate that the administration of coconut milk could prevent the systemic and anaphylactic responses in sensitized mice.

scholarly journals An Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay for the Detection of Antibodies to Linguatula serrata in Experimentally Infected Dogs

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
AliReza Alborzi ◽  
Javad Pirkoreshk ◽  
Somayeh Bahrami ◽  
Masoud Ghorbanpoor ◽  
Mohammad Reza Tabandeh
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Practical Method ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Maturation Stage ◽  
Linguatula Serrata ◽  
Serological Method ◽  
Infected Control Group

Background: Linguatula serrata is a causative agent of visceral and nasopharyngeal linguatulosis in humans and animals. The aim of the present study was to investigate the immune response of dogs experimentally infected by L. serrata with ELISA. Methods: Five puppies were infected by inserting the L. serrata nymphs in their nasal cavities (infected group) in the Department of Parasitology of Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, during 2018-2019. Three animals were kept as the non-infected control group. Blood samples were collected from the animals for seven months at approximately monthly intervals for serum preparation. Nasal samples were taken weekly from the fourth month. ELISA was designed and performed on 64 sera (24 negatives, and 40 positives) using somatic (S), and excretory-secretory (ES) antigens. Results: Overall, 100% of the animals were infected with the parasite. Based on the results of ELISA, the ES antigen (sensitivity 95% and specificity 92%) was more preferred than the S antigen (sensitivity 95% and specificity 85%). Female parasites had significant effects on the immune response. There was a significant correlation between the clinical symptoms and the presence of female parasites (P<0.05). Conclusion: The results showed a practical method for dogs' experimental infection. ELISA method is suitable for the detection of infection at different stages of development, especially before the maturation stage of the parasite. In this regard, the ES antigen of the parasite was more immunogenic. Therefore, ELISA can be used as a serological method in the early detection and epidemiological studies of infection with L. serrata in dogs.

scholarly journals Coculture Strategy for Developing Lactobacillus paracasei PS23 Fermented Milk with Anti-Colitis Effect

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 2337
Author(s):  
Kai-Yi Lee ◽  
Ying-Chieh Tsai ◽  
Sheng-Yao Wang ◽  
Yen-Po Chen ◽  
Ming-Ju Chen
Keyword(s):  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Fermented Milk ◽  
Fecal Calprotectin ◽  
Lactobacillus Paracasei ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial ◽  
Epithelial Barrier Function ◽  
Inflammatory Processes ◽  
Bleeding Score

Few studies have documented the effects of fermented milk on intestinal colitis, which are mediated by regulating various microbial and inflammatory processes. Here, we investigated the effects of fermented milk with Lactobacillus paracasei PS23 on intestinal epithelial cells in vitro and dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis in vivo. As L. paracasei PS23 grew poorly in milk, a coculture strategy with yogurt culture was provided to produce fermented milk (FM). The results indicated that the coculture exhibited a symbiotic effect, contributing to the better microbial and physicochemical property of the fermented milk products. We further evaluated the anti-colitis effect of fermented milk with L. paracasei PS23 in vitro. Both PS23-fermented milk (PS23 FM) and its heat-killed counterpart (HK PS23 FM) could protect or reverse the increased epithelial permeability by strengthening the epithelial barrier function in vitro by increasing transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER). In vivo analysis of the regulation of intestinal physiology demonstrated that low-dose L. paracasei PS23-fermented ameliorated DSS-induced colitis, with a significant attenuation of the bleeding score and reduction of fecal calprotectin levels. This anti-colitis effect may be exerted by deactivating the inflammatory cascade and strengthening the tight junction through the modification of specific cecal bacteria and upregulation of short-chain fatty acids. Our findings can clarify the role of L. paracasei PS23 in FM products when cocultured with yogurt culture and can elucidate the mechanisms of the anti-colitis effect of L. paracasei PS23 FM, which may be considered for therapeutic intervention.

scholarly journals Antidepression and Prokinetic Effects of Paeoniflorin on Rats in the Forced Swimming Test via Polypharmacology

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Dao-zhou Mu ◽  
Mei Xue ◽  
Jian-jun Xu ◽  
Ying Hu ◽  
Yi Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Forced Swimming Test ◽  
Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Forced Swimming ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Swimming Test

Paeoniflorin, an organic compound extracted from the roots of the white peony (Paeonia lactiflora) plant, has previously been shown to exert antidepression and prokinetic effects. The traditional Chinese prescription Si-Ni-San, of which paeoniflorin is a constituent, is often used in treating depression and functional gastrointestinal disorders. The effectiveness of Si-Ni-San has been shown to be less effective in a paeoniflorin-deleted form. The present study further investigates whether paeoniflorin alone is as effective as herbal prescriptions in which the compound is a constituent, specifically any antidepressive and prokinetic effect on rats subjected to a forced swimming test (FST). The FST was used to establish the depression model. Sprague-Dawley rats were administrated with 10 mg/kg paeoniflorin by gastrogavage three times before the behavioral test and gastrointestinal motility tests, respectively. In antidepression studies, fluoxetine was used as the positive control. In order to determine the effect of paeoniflorin on the gastrointestinal movement, mosapride was used as the positive control. Plasma and hippocampus monoamine, hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, plasma brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), superoxide dismutase (SOD), methane dicarboxylic aldehyde (MDA), ghrelin, motilin, and hippocampus nitric oxide (NO) were assessed using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Gastrointestinal (GI) motility was measured in vivo and in vitro. Rats subjected to FST showed decreased gastric emptying and intestinal transit in vivo, decreased plasma and hippocampus 5-hydroxytryptamine, norepinephrine, dopamine, ghrelin, motilin, and reduced plasma BDNF and SOD as well as increased plasma and hippocampus corticotropin-releasing hormone, adrenocorticotropic hormone, corticosterone, plasma MDA, and hippocampus NO. Paeoniflorin reversed these symptoms in a similar manner to fluoxetine and mosapride, respectively. In vitro, paeoniflorin can stimulate the jejunal contract of healthy rats dose-dependently. The results suggest that paeoniflorin can simultaneously exert antidepression and prokinetic effects via polypharmacology.

scholarly journals Preclinical Evaluation of Dimethyl Itaconate Against Hepatocellular Carcinoma via Activation of the e/iNOS-Mediated NF-κB–Dependent Apoptotic Pathway

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anurag Kumar Gautam ◽  
Pranesh Kumar ◽  
Ritu Raj ◽  
Dinesh Kumar ◽  
Bolay Bhattacharya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial ◽  
Caspase 9 ◽  
Apoptotic Pathway ◽  
H Nmr ◽  
Serum Metabolomics ◽  
Dimethyl Itaconate

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common tumors affecting a large population worldwide, with the fifth and seventh greatest mortality rates among men and women, respectively, and the third prime cause of mortality among cancer victims. Dimethyl itaconate (DI) has been reported to be efficacious in colorectal cancer by decreasing IL-1β release from intestinal epithelial cells. In this study, diethylnitrosamine (DEN)-induced HCC in male albino Wistar rats was treated with DI as an anticancer drug. The function and molecular mechanism of DI against HCC in vivo were assessed using histopathology, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and Western blot studies. Metabolomics using 1H-NMR was used to investigate metabolic profiles. As per molecular insights, DI has the ability to trigger mitochondrial apoptosis through iNOS- and eNOS-induced activation of the NF-κB/Bcl-2 family of proteins, CytC, caspase-3, and caspase-9 signaling cascade. Serum metabolomics investigations using 1H-NMR revealed that aberrant metabolites in DEN-induced HCC rats were restored to normal following DI therapy. Furthermore, our data revealed that the DI worked as an anti-HCC agent. The anticancer activity of DI was shown to be equivalent to that of the commercial chemotherapeutic drug 5-fluorouracil.

Alterations in Vascular Endothelial Cell-related Plasma Proteins In Thalassaemic Patients and their Correlation with Clinical Symptoms

1995 ◽  
Vol 74 (04) ◽  
pp. 1045-1049 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Butthep ◽  
A Bunyaratvej ◽  
Y Funahara ◽  
H Kitaguchi ◽  
S Fucharoen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Endothelial Cell ◽  
Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Plasma Proteins ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Vascular Endothelial Cells ◽  
Vascular Endothelial Cell ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Leg Ulcers

SummaryAn increased level of plasma thrombomodulin (TM) in α- and β- thalassaemia was demonstrated using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Nonsplenectomized patients with β-thalassaemia/ haemoglobin E (BE) had higher levels of TM than splenectomized cases (BE-S). Patients with leg ulcers (BE-LU) were found to have the highest increase in TM level. Appearance of larger platelets in all types of thalassaemic blood was observed indicating an increase in the number of younger platelets. These data indicate that injury of vascular endothelial cells is present in thalassaemic patients.

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