scholarly journals ŽMONIŲ SAUGA LIETUVOS STATYBOSE/OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY ON CONSTRUCTION SITES OF LITHUANIA

1996 ◽  
Vol 2 (8) ◽  
pp. 110-116
Author(s):  
Petras Čyras ◽  
Arūnas Jaras
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Safety ◽  
Occupational Injuries ◽  
Occupational Accidents ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
Construction Sites ◽  
Employment Contracts ◽  
Social Instability ◽  
Professional Activities ◽  
System Memory ◽  
One Year

Social instability, violation of human rights to work have made the conditions of safe and harmless work worse. 19 mortal, 42 serious and 796 slight accidents occurred on construction sites during 1995 in Lithuania. The main reasons of occupational accidents are violation of work discipline and lack of organization. 24 708 days are lost because of occupational injuries, or in other words 96 builders did not work for the whole year, and 528.9 thousand litas was paid out according to the lists of disablement. The bad state in occupational safety is unprofitable. Besides, old norms and regulations are still valid at the present time, and hundreds of them are approved as far back as 1980. The drawing up of new regulations is just taking place in Lithuania. The compensation system being in force for employees, who work under harmful and hazardous conditions and social security system for those, who had suffered injuries and occupational diseases, do not stimulate employers to create healthy and safe working conditions. The factor of rest can be observed on construction sites. The heads of construction sites entrust the workers themselves to organize the work without the projects of work execution. Instructions on occupational safety and fire protection are just formal. Many of employees work without the employment contracts. Employers start to understand already that it's better to have labour protection service instead of paying fines for violation of labour protection regulations. The intellect and exacting every-day control of labour protection service specialist brings much more benefit for the prevention of occupational accidents than seldom visits of State Labour Inspection inspector to the enterprise or construction sites. The state of occupational safety depends on psychological factors, too. These factors can be grouped into three groups: natural of the human—natural inborn dispositions (the nervous system, memory, attention, the speed of reaction, intellect); psychological peculiarities of personality (the features of human professional activities, leadership, erudition); professional knowledge formed during learning, studying and training. The human psychology determines how the person interprets and copes with the things going on around him and related to him. Two different persons will act differently in the same situation. When a person reacts sensitively to weak and insignificant signals, he will pay attention to preparative and preventive work, think about potential danger and will take care to avoid accident. And vice versa, people who are not sensitive for such signals takes too little care to insure against accidents. It is reasonable to test psychologically an employee before signing an employment contract with him under market circumstances. It will be one of the conditions fulfilled for professional selection, which will decrease expenses for further training and professional activity of an employee. Fatal and serious disasters on construction sites decreased twice in 1995 as compared to 1994. And the total number of accidents decreased by 12 cases only (Table 1). Dynamics of mortal, heavy and slight accidents in 1991–95 is depicted in Fig. 1. The usage of alcohol is closely related to psycho-emotional stress. It has an influence on the accidents, too. 8 employees were killed while being drunk in 1995. It is 42.11% of total number of killed employees. The most dangerous occupations on construction sites are those of auxiliary workers, bricklayers, carpenters, welders and concreters. Majority of accidents happen to the persons who work for less than one year (fatal accidents—8, heavy accidents—16, slight accidents—163, or 44.44%, 41.08%, 32.21%, respectively).

scholarly journals PEDAGOGICAL SYSTEM OF FORMATION OF THE CULTURE OF SAFETY OF PROFESSIONAL ACTIVITY IN FUTURE OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH ENGINEERS

2021 ◽  
pp. 11-15
Author(s):  
Elviza Abiltarova
Keyword(s):  
Professional Training ◽  
Occupational Safety ◽  
Occupational Injuries ◽  
Occupational Safety And Health ◽  
Academic Disciplines ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
Labor Protection ◽  
Culture Of Safety ◽  
Professional Activities ◽  
Safety And Health

The article focuses on the need to form the culture of safety of professional activity in future occupational safety and health engineers. The purpose of the article is to theoretically substantiate and develop the structure of the pedagogical system of formation of the culture of safety of professional activity in future occupational safety and health engineers. Research methods applied: systematization and analysis of scientific and pedagogical literature and scientific and methodological documentation; modeling; classification and comparison; generalization. It is determined that the pedagogical system of formation of the culture of safety of professional activity in future occupational safety and health engineers is a complex dynamic and flexible formation that contains a set of interconnected and interdependent elements as goals, content, organizational forms, methods, tools, techniques and learning outcomes. It is established that the pedagogical system is aimed at increasing and improving the motivational and value sphere, professional knowledge, skills and professionally important qualities for the prevention and obviation of occupational injuries, gaining experience in safe professional activities and communication on occupational safety and is implemented through: educational goals (general, strategic, tactical, final); content of formation (labor protection, organizational and managerial, legal, ergonomic, health-preserving, communicative); forms of organization of educational activities that provide interactive work (problem lecture, lecture-visualization, lecture-dialogue, lectures-discussions, lectures in pairs, practical and laboratory work of interactive cooperation, workshops, problem seminars); methods (problem, moderation, training, brainstorming,  professional activity modeling); interactive pedagogical techniques (game, techniques of cooperation, design, case, vitagenic training techniques, information and communication techniques); complex of educational-methodical and didactic support (programs of academic disciplines and practices, reference notes of lectures, plans of laboratory and practical classes, means of visualization of educational information, legislative and normative documents on labor protection, formats of documents on labor protection, means of assessment of students’ educational achievements). It is concluded that the proposed pedagogical system makes it possible to improve the quality of professional training of future occupational safety and health engineers for their professional activities on the basis of safety culture in accordance with modern requirements.

One-Year Incidence of Occupational Injuries among Teenagers in a Swedish Rural Municipality

1988 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bo Jacobsson ◽  
Lothar Schelp
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Injury ◽  
Occupational Injuries ◽  
Geographical Area ◽  
Temporary Employment ◽  
Occupational Accidents ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Registration System ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Time Work ◽  
One Year

The aim of this study was to investigate occupational injuries among teenagers in a defined population and geographical area with regard to incidence and severity and to compare our registration system with that of the Swedish Occupational Injury Information System. All occupational accidents in the age group 15–19 years were registered at public health centres. We found a higher incidence compared to school accidents in the same age group as well as in relation to occupational accidents in the older population. Part-time work, lack of experience, temporary employment, unskilled work, and age-specific behavioural patterns are factors that might explain the higher incidence rate. The highest rates were found in service, military and unspecified occupations. Only 25 % of the work-related accidents in our study were registered by the Swedish Occupational Injury System (ISA). It seems possible to reduce the number of accidents through the instigation of fairly simple measures. The coverage of the registration by the ISA seems to be incomplete.

scholarly journals The structure of the culture of safety of professional activity of future occupational safety and health engineers

KANT ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 200-205
Author(s):  
Elviza Abiltarova
Keyword(s):  
Safety Culture ◽  
Occupational Safety ◽  
Occupational Safety And Health ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
Health Culture ◽  
Culture Of Safety ◽  
Professional Activities ◽  
Safety And Health ◽  
Culture And Health ◽  
General Culture

The article touches upon the problem of the formation of a culture of safety in the professional activities of occupational safety and health protection engineers. The author emphasizes the importance of defining the structural and content components of the safety culture. The work substantiates structural components of the safety culture of occupational safety engineers, which include: general culture, labour protection culture, labour culture, and health culture. The author's definition of the following concepts is given: general culture, labour protection culture, labour culture, and health culture.

scholarly journals Towards Effective Safety Cost Budgeting for Apartment Construction: A Case Study of Occupational Safety and Health Expenses in South Korea

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 1335
Author(s):  
Kanghyeok Yang ◽  
Kiltae Kim ◽  
Seongseok Go
Keyword(s):  
South Korea ◽  
Construction Projects ◽  
Occupational Safety ◽  
Safety Management ◽  
Occupational Injuries ◽  
Occupational Safety And Health ◽  
Occupational Accidents ◽  
Accident Risk ◽  
Safety And Health

The construction industry has experienced a lot of occupational accidents, and construction work is considered one of the most dangerous occupations. In order to reduce the number of occupational injuries from construction, the South Korean government legislated the occupational safety and health expense law, requiring companies to reserve a reasonable budget for safety management activities when budgeting for construction projects. However, safety budgets have not been spent based on the risk of accidents, and a large amount of the safety budget is spent either in the beginning or late stages of construction projects. Various accident risk factors, such as activity types, previous accident records, and the number of workers on a construction site, need to be considered when determining the safety budget. To solve such problems, this study investigated the expenditure trends of occupational safety and health expenses for 10 apartment construction projects in South Korea. This study also proposed an accident risk index that can be incorporated with the project costs, schedule, the number of workers, and historical accident records when budgeting for the safety costs. The results from the case study illustrate the limitations of the current planning strategy for safety expenditures and demonstrate the need for effective safety budgeting for accident prevention. The proposed safety cost expenditure guideline helps safety practitioners when budgeting for the occupational safety and health expenses while considering accident risk and the characteristics of safety cost expenditures in practice. The outcome of this research will contribute to the development of regulations for the budgeting of safety costs and help to prevent occupational injuries by providing a reasonable budget for safety management activities in an apartment construction project.

scholarly journals Occupational Safety and Health in Ecuador

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (12) ◽  
pp. 139-152
Author(s):  
Paúl Cajías Vasco ◽  
Darío Álvarez Calderón ◽  
Pamela Merino Salazar ◽  
Antonio Gómez Garcia
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Safety ◽  
Occupational Injuries ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Occupational Safety And Health ◽  
Occupational Accidents ◽  
Academic Education ◽  
International Labor Organization ◽  
Working Population ◽  
Informal Workers ◽  
Safety And Health

Background: The occupational safety and health diagnostic (OSH) constitutes a first step for the design of national programs and ongoing reviews of existing regulations.  The OSH diagnostic performed in Ecuador in 2011 is devastating due to the high labor accidents’ toll, the scarce official information, lack of high-level academic education, and insufficient research.Objective: To diagnose the current state of occupational safety and health in Ecuador from official sources of information.Methods: We examined the geographical situation, sociodemographic and public health data, legal regulations, statistics on occupational accidents and diseases, training and research on OSH in Ecuador between 2010 to 2015. The main sources of data and information were: national laws and regulations on OSH, conventions of the International Labor Organization, resolutions of the Andean Community of Nations, and official web pages of national public bodies. In addition, we analyzed the scientific production on OSH of authors with Ecuadorian affiliation, carried out in Ecuador, and published in journals indexed in the main scientific databases.Results: In Ecuador, the rate of employment is 94,3%, and 40% is recognized as adequate employment. The percentage of the working population covered by the social security has raised during the period of study, but it remains around 42% of this population. The country has ratified the 32 ILO OSH conventions and has adopted regional regulatory instruments. The national OSH legal body starts with the Constitution. A total of 99.156 occupational injuries and 2.733 occupational were notified, showing a significant increase from 2010 to 2015. Regarding fatal occupational accidents, 1.524 cases were notified. Training in OSH is focused on occupational risk prevention. Twelve scientific articles on OSH from authors of Ecuadorian affiliation and developed in a national context were identified.Conclusions: OSH status in Ecuador faces a persistent high toll of informal workers, an aging working population, an increase of work accidents, a scarce scientific evidence and an outdated legislation. The design of a OSH National Plan should become a priority in order to improve working conditions and health in Ecuador.

scholarly journals The occupational safety on the construction sites of the farm production buildings in Finland

2013 ◽  
Vol 44 (2s) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Hellstedt ◽  
K.O. Kaustell ◽  
T. Kivinen
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Social Insurance ◽  
Occupational Safety ◽  
Occupational Injuries ◽  
Construction Project ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Construction Sites ◽  
New Production ◽  
On Farm

The size of farms has increased considerably during Finland's EU membership. The growth has meant big investments in the new production buildings. The buildings have been switched to big industrialhall- like constructions from small-scale ones which have contained own timber and own work contribution. The objective of the project financed by Farmers' Social Insurance Institution was to improve occupational safety on farm building construction and renovation sites by disseminating current safety practices and by developing ways of action which are better than the prevailing ones. The project consisted of a literature review, statistical analysis, as well as a farmer and designer interviews. In the statistical analysis the MATA occupational injuries insurance claims database on farmers’ claims during construction and renovation work for the years 2005 - 2008 was compared with the register of Federation of Accident Insurance Institutions on the construction workers' injuries. In comparing the reasons of the accidents a clear difference was found; poor scaffoldings and ladders are still the main culprits on farm accidents. Farmer interviews were used to assess occupational safety measures on the construction site, occurred injuries and their types, nearmiss situations and the underlying factors which have led to the injuries. Also construction safety deficiencies as well as the direct and indirect costs caused for instance because of the delay in completion of construction project were discussed. Designer interviews aimed to find out how occupational safety and health considerations are taken into account in farm building planning and counseling, and how this experience of the designers should be utilized in order to improve safety at the construction sites on farms. Farmers knew their obligations on occupational safety poorly. The situation was further worsened by the fact that on the site the supervisor tasks were only nominally executed. The designers knew the occupational health and safety legislation better but this did not help the situation on the sites because designers are not generally involved in the actual implementation of the construction project.

scholarly journals FORMING OF SKILLS OF SAFE PROFESSIONAL ACTIVITY OF FUTURE SPECIALISTS IN THE TOURISM SECTOR

2021 ◽  
pp. 129-134
Author(s):  
V. KONDEL
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Safety ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Highly Qualified ◽  
Professional Activities ◽  
Ability To Act ◽  
Modern Development ◽  
Tourism Enterprises ◽  
And Control

The article analyzes the research of domestic and foreign scientists on the training of highly qualified specialists in the field of tourism. It is proved that the modern development of tourism directly depends on ensuring the safety of tourists and workers in the tourism industry, the level of protection of their lives, health and property. Examples of teaching the discipline "Safety and Security of Tourism" show the process of developing skills of safe professional activities of future professionals in the field of tourism, the ability to properly assess harmful and dangerous factors and take appropriate measures to prevent hazards or reduce their impact on tourists and tourism industry. The discipline "Safety and Security of Tourism" is aimed at acquiring knowledge and skills of security in the field of tourism for the successful implementation of professional activities in enterprises and institutions of the tourism industry, in public organizations of tourism, to open and run their own business in recreation and tourism. The purpose of the discipline is to form students' abilities necessary to create and maintain healthy and safe living and working conditions for tourists and workers in the tourism industry, skills to protect against the negative factors of emergencies during tourist trips, the ability to act confidently in various unusual situations. To solve the set tasks, the discipline "Safety and Security of Tourism" considers various topics on security in the field of tourism, namely, the theoretical foundations of security, legislation, risk factors, safety of tourists in emergencies, occupational safety at tourism enterprises, sanitary and epidemiological safety, insurance and control over the observance of safety rules, safety of tourists on transport, in various types of tourism, in particular, extreme tourism, rules of conduct in foreign travel and survival of tourists in extreme conditions, accidents and diseases, fire safety in the tourism industry. For high-quality mastering of the discipline the author of the article has developed methodical recommendations for 12 practical classes on the course "Safety and Security of Tourism", the quality of which allows future professionals to gain not only knowledge necessary for mastering disciplines in senior courses, but also to develop skills for safe professional activity in tourism, hotel and restaurant business.

scholarly journals Using Weighted Data Envelopment Analysis to Measure Occupational Safety and Healthy Economic Performance of Taiwan’s Industrial Sectors

Mathematics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 1635
Author(s):  
Li-Ting Yeh
Keyword(s):  
Data Envelopment Analysis ◽  
Economic Performance ◽  
Occupational Safety ◽  
Occupational Injuries ◽  
Occupational Accidents ◽  
Data Envelopment ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Healthy Development ◽  
Industrial Sectors ◽  
Weighted Data

The socioeconomic costs of occupational accidents represent an important factor in the safety and healthy development of a country’s economy. Insurance payments (which cover workplace incidents, such as wounds or illness, disability and fatality) can be considered a proxy for the socioeconomic cost of occupational accidents. Occupational accidents in different industries cause important variations in these three socioeconomic costs—for example, in their frequency and severity. One of the most commonly used mathematical programming approaches that analyze the performance of inputs, economic outputs and occupational accidents is data envelopment analysis (DEA), which has also been used in recent years to estimate the relative performance related to occupational injuries. This study measures the safety and healthy economic performance of Taiwan’s 17 industrial sectors by incorporating the varying importance of the three socioeconomic costs of occupational accidents into a weighted DEA Model. The empirical results demonstrate that integrating the varying importance of the three socioeconomic costs of occupational accidents in the evaluation of safety and healthy economic performance is very important. To improve the occupational safety and healthy economic performance of Taiwan’s main industrial sectors, efforts should focus on reducing fatalities, which are very costly. These findings could help Taiwan’s policy makers effectively improve their safety and healthy economic performance, based on the specific context of each industry, especially the mining and quarrying industry.

scholarly journals Comparative study for assessing the OSH relationship to the quality of construction projects in Egypt

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (08) ◽  
pp. 305-313
Author(s):  
Ewais Farag Ali Emam ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Construction Industry ◽  
Construction Projects ◽  
Occupational Safety ◽  
Occupational Accidents ◽  
Construction Sites ◽  
Executive Management ◽  
Safety Standards ◽  
Construction Companies ◽  
Background Construction ◽  
Completion Times

Background: Construction and architectural projects(CAPs) play a significant role in the economic development of most countries. The construction industry in Egypt has significantly grown in recent years. Due to this growth, the number of occupational accidents in the country’s construction industry has also increased. Methods: This study aimed to assess the Occupational Safety and Health(OSH) field. Then, the assessment effects on the construction project quality are evaluated. The statistical analysis of the question naire surveys conducted on project safety, quality, and executive management at construction companies based on the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences(SPSS). Results: After comparing two sites, the research results indicated differences in completion times and overall costs between the two sites.70% of the respondents agreed that the completion times, costs, and project qualities vary between the two sites. About 92% of the sample completely agreed and were willing to follow the international laws, which stipulate the principles of OSH in construction sites. They also agreed that there should be an increased understand in gof the importance of OSH management in sites, which can help prevent clashes between the two departments. Conclusions: Companies should hire a social worker to take care of the workers, help them solve their problems, and ensure that safety standards are being met in the construction sites. In addition, regular medical examinations of all workers must be conducted to ensure that the yare free from any occupational, non-infectious, or infectious diseases, such as the coronavirus.

Professional Activities of Teacher-Andragogue (Foreign Experience)

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 26-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Larysa Lukianova
Keyword(s):  
Adult Education ◽  
Education System ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
Social Functions ◽  
Foreign Experience ◽  
Professional Activities ◽  
Technological Organization ◽  
Integral Role ◽  
Role Position ◽  
Self Learning

Abstract The idea of the conceptualization of adult education has been postulated in the article including its significant differences. The leading distinguishing feature is the personality of pedagogical staff that works with adults. It has been substantiated the dependence of the functions which are performed by pedagogical staff in the adult education system, on the main characteristics of the society. It has been shown the content of the integral-role position of a pedagogue-andragogue which has 3 elements: subject and content, project and technological, organization and diagnostic. The professional activity of a pedagogue-andragogue has been analyzed as the specialist who professionally organizes and conducts adult training and learning, helps create individual programs of training. At the same time, in his/her activity he/she combines different social functions as well. The most typical are to provide the help in renovating the motivation towards learning and professional activity, to combine the content both andragogical and professional activity of his/her learners, to share the methods of supervising adult self-learning.

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