scholarly journals THE IMPACT OF ECONOMIC RECESSION ON COMPANY ACTIVITIES / LĖTĖJANČIOS EKONOMIKOS POVEIKIS ĮMONIŲ VEIKLAI

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavel Gurskij ◽  
Aušra Liučvaitienė
Keyword(s):  
Economic Recession ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Economic Cycle ◽  
Economic Cycles ◽  
Economic Decisions ◽  
Cycle Growth ◽  
Economic Downturns ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Political Economic ◽  
The Impact

Negative consequences of economic fluctuations and economic downturns influence the significance of research in this area. Results of such research allow providing insights and sugges¬tions for governments to make political-economic decisions. The article investigates the impact of slowing economy on enterprises, the reasons of fluctuations of economic cycles and their characteristics, phases of economic cycle: growth, peak, downturn and crisis. The article studies definition of slowing economy, its reasons, ratios, and inter-relationship between various ratios. Methodology of evaluating economic cycles is provided in the article. Didėjantys neigiami ekonominių svyravimų ir ekonomikos nuosmukio padariniai nulemia šioje srityje atliekamų tyrimų svarbą. Remiantis tyrimų rezultatais, pateikiamos įžvalgos ir pasiūlymai vyriausybės politiniams – ekonominiams sprendimams priimti. Straipsnyje nagrinėjamas lėtėjančios ekonomikos poveikis įmonėms, išgrynintos pagrindinės ekonomikos ciklų svyravimų priežastys ir jų charakteristikos. Nagrinėjamos ekonominio ciklo fazės: pakilimas, viršūnė, nuosmukis ir krizė. Analizuojama ekonomikos lėtėjimo samprata, priežastys, rodikliai ir įvairių ekonominių rodiklių sąveika. Taip pat pateikiama ekonominių ciklų vertinimo metodika.

scholarly journals RISK ECONOMY

2018 ◽  
pp. 16-55
Author(s):  
S. SOLODOVNICOV.
Keyword(s):  
High Tech ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Theoretical Substantiation ◽  
Economic Concept ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Global Catastrophe ◽  
Knowledge Intensive ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Political Economic ◽  
Current Stage

The article is devoted to the theoretical substantiation of a new social paradigm – risk economy. The current stage of society development and the economy is characterized by a critical increase in financial, technological and technological, political and economic, geo-economic and other uncertainties. It is impossible to understand their ontological nature and reveal the phenomenological specificity without a meaningful definition of the current stage of development of the economic system of society. The article consistently revealed the characteristics of current society, which allowed the author to present a new political and economic concept that characterizes the current stage of development of society and the economy – the risk economy. The risk economy is an economy of high-tech and knowledge-intensive industries, characterized by the highest degree of political, economic, technological, financial and environmental uncertainties and risks. These risks are becoming comprehensive, many of them are in principle unpredictable, and their possible negative consequences could lead Humanity to a global catastrophe. Understanding the nature of risk economics is critically important for developing effective political and economic mechanisms to counter these risks.

scholarly journals Społeczeństwo i kultura jako definicyjny kontekst badań nad wpływem technologii na ponowoczesnego człowieka

2021 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 197-211
Author(s):  
Paweł Piotr Nowak ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Service Sector ◽  
Social Inequalities ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Digital Transformation ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Philosophy Of Dialogue ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact

Based on an analysis of selected definitions of the terms used for society and culture, the author creates the sociological theoretical framework for the article. In conjunction with the characterized phenomenon of digital transformation, extensive and far-reaching conclusions are formulated on the impact of new technology for postmodernity. In relation to the scientific achievements of Buber and Tischner, the author deeply analyzes the assumptions of philosophy of dialogue. This allows the observation of a wide dimension in the relationship between the relational nature of social relations, the condition of the individual, the durability of the systems humans create, the technocratic direction of civilizational development and the consumerist attitude to reality in contemporary society of the 21st century. The author describes technological worship and presents the negative consequences of digital transformation processes. On the example of the service sector, the transition is presented as symbolic culture based on the relations and dialogue with technical and functional culture. The research method used in the article is a review of the scientific literature. In the study, the author set the goal of determining the impact of digital transformation on humans in the context of the definition of culture and society. As a result of the research, the author states that technological insight (i.e. looking at technology as a way of resolving all contemporary problems) has the danger of successively weakening man, and could lead to a deepening of social inequalities. The author also emphasizes the need to deepen research on the consequences of the digital transformation on society and culture and to develop models that can reduce the negative consequences of the change process.

scholarly journals El ciclo económico y los recursos minerales. Un enfoque austriaco

2020 ◽  
pp. 173-211
Author(s):  
Jordi Franch Parella
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Market Price ◽  
Economic Recession ◽  
Mineral Resources ◽  
Jel Classification ◽  
Business Cycle Theory ◽  
Economic Cycle ◽  
Advanced Economy ◽  
Economic Cycles ◽  
Palabras Clave

A great theoretical advance of the Austrian School, thanks to its ela-borate theory of capital, is the understanding of economic cycles. Expansive monetary processes produce serious investment mistakes that inevitably lead to an economic recession, in which mistakes will become apparent and there will be a need to liquidate the wrong projects undertaken, raising the levels of unemployment and promoting the intertemporal reallocation of productive re-sources. One of the sectors most affected by this process of unsustainable and artificial lengthening of the productive structure is mining. This sector extracts the mineral resources necessary for the operation of the industries of capital goods, and thus fully accuses the effects of the economic cycle, both in its upward phase (overinvestment and excess capacity) and the downward phase (decline in the market price of the raw materials and net sales). Changes in prices of minerals, such as nickel and potash, shows a different behavior de-pending on their situation within the set of stages of the production structure. The theoretical analysis is applied to the case of an advanced economy with a strong weight of the mining sector as the Australian and finally some reform measures are proposed. Key words: Business cycle theory, mineral resources, mining, commodities. JEL Classification: E30, E31, Q31. Resumen: Un gran avance teórico de la Escuela Austriaca, gracias a su elabo-rada teoría del capital, es la comprensión de los ciclos económicos. Los proce-sos monetarios expansivos producen graves errores de inversión que inexora-blemente conducen a una recesión económica, en la que los errores se pondrán de manifiesto y surgirá la necesidad de liquidar los proyectos erróneamente emprendidos, elevando los niveles de desempleo y promoviendo la reasigna-ción intertemporal de los recursos productivos. Uno de los sectores más perju-dicados por este proceso artificial de alargamiento insostenible de la estructu-ra productiva es la minería. Este sector es el que extrae los recursos minerales necesarios para el funcionamiento de las industrias de bienes de capital, y por ello acusa plenamente los efectos del ciclo económico, tanto en su fase alcista (sobreinversión y exceso de capacidad) como en la fase bajista (descenso del precio de mercado de las materia primas y de las ventas netas). Las variacio-nes de los precios de los minerales, como el níquel y la potasa, muestra un distinto comportamiento en función de cuál sea su situación dentro del conjun-to de etapas de la estructura productiva. Se aplica el análisis teórico al caso de una economía avanzada con un fuerte peso del sector minero como es la australiana y se proponen algunas medidas de reforma. Palabras clave: teoría austriaca del ciclo económico, recursos minerales, mine-ría, materias primas. Clasificación JEL: E30, E31, Q31.

scholarly journals FISCAL RESPONSES TO THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC THROUGH REDESIGNING OF CORPORATE INCOME TAX IN THE REPUBLIC OF SERBIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jadranka Đurović-Todorović ◽  
Marina Đorđević ◽  
Milica Ristić-Cakić
Keyword(s):  
Income Tax ◽  
Tax Incentives ◽  
Corporate Income Tax ◽  
Economic Research ◽  
Economic Cycles ◽  
Academic Literature ◽  
Economic Decisions ◽  
Fiscal System ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Impact

Corporate income tax (CIT) is a fundamental tool of the fiscal system due to its sensitivity to economic cycles and the impact it can have on the economic decisions of enterprises. Although the justification of corporate income tax has been called into question in the current academic literature, it is one of the tax forms that can be used to stabilize and develop the economy, especially after the crisis. For this reason, this paper provides an analysis of corporate income tax in Serbia. The paper will focus on reduced CIT rates and tax incentives. Our work aims to contribute to the literature in two aspects. The first is to provide evidence that it is necessary to carry out parametric reform of corporate income tax. Another is providing additional literature on the COVID-19 crisis to form the basis for further economic research.

scholarly journals The impact of Working Capital Management on firm profitability in different economic cycles: Evidence from the United Kingdom

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiago Gonçalves ◽  
Cristina Gaio ◽  
Frederico Robles
Keyword(s):  
Positive Impact ◽  
Economic Conditions ◽  
Capital Management ◽  
Working Capital ◽  
Working Capital Management ◽  
Economic Cycles ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Economic Downturns ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Literature shows that Working Capital Management (WCM) affects profitability and liquidity. Economic conditions may stress those relationships, especially during economic downturns. We analyze the effects of economic cycle on the relationship between WCM and profitability, using a sample of UK unlisted companies between 2006 and 2014. We find that WCM efficiency increases profitability. This positive impact is even more important during economic downturns. Our results show multi-level effects of WCM on profitability and liquidity constraints, with varying economic conditions. Results matter economically and managerially and highlight the importance of considering WCM as part of overall corporate financial strategy.

scholarly journals Understanding the impact of Brexit: The case of foreign software corporations in Scotland and South East England

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-191
Author(s):  
Crispian Fuller
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Configuration ◽  
Social Changes ◽  
Foreign Subsidiaries ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Production Networks ◽  
Global Production Networks ◽  
South East England ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Political Economic ◽  
The Impact

Market and institutional shocks and upheaval, brought about by political, economic and social changes, have the potential to generate significant corporate restructuring. Foreign subsidiaries are particularly vulnerable to such impacts given the embeddedness of parent companies in their home countries, with the potential for disinvestment and regional decoupling. This paper examines the impact of the Brexit vote and negotiation period on UK-based foreign subsidiaries in the software and software-related sectors in Scotland and South East England. This firm-centric approach follows recent evolutionary thinking that restates the importance of examining the firm as a means by which to understand how regions respond to such disturbances. Rather than simply examine impact, the paper is concerned with why the scope and scale of impacts are mediated by particular corporate and global production networks (GPN) processes. Key to this is the examination of the importance of the value creation corporate role and degree of replication within the corporation (specificity), the GPN spatial configuration, and the markets that subsidiaries are mandated to serve. The paper concludes that a variety of impacts are evident, but that notable negative consequences have arisen for subsidiaries with low corporate specificity, working through European Union (EU)-configured GPNs, and serving European markets. These negative impacts are more notable in Scotland, compared with South East England where a large minority have experienced no detrimental impacts.

scholarly journals State national security policy and intellectual property issues

2021 ◽  
pp. 19-33
Author(s):  
Oleksandr Zaikivskyi ◽  
Oleksandr Onistrat
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Property ◽  
National Security ◽  
State Policy ◽  
Security Policy ◽  
The State ◽  
Destabilizing Factors ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Political Economic ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Further Development

Keywords: state policy, national security, intellectual property National security (“NS”) of Ukraine is achieved through a balancedstate policy in accordance with accepted doctrines, strategies, concepts and programsin such areas as political, economic, social, military, environmental, scientific andtechnological, information, etc.However, many theoretical and practical issues concerning the definition of thecontent, challenges, tasks and mechanisms of implementation of effective functions ofpublic policy and management decisions for the further development of social processesstill remain insufficiently studied. Therefore, the main tasks of the NS system subjectsare constant monitoring of the impact on NS of processes taking place in variousfields (including intellectual property), forecasting, identifying and assessing possiblethreats, destabilizing factors and conflicts, their causes and occurrence consequences.In particular, the impact on NS (especially on defence capabilities) of the significantdevelopment of intellectual property and the full use of intellectual property rights isnot taken into account at all.State NS policy should include measures to prevent the emergence and neutralizationof sources of threats to NS under the influence of the development of intellectualproperty.Theoretical aspects of the state policy of National Security and Defence of Ukraine(“NSDU”) development are considered. The necessity of current problems definition inthis sphere and the inclusion of intellectual property questions in these processes isinvestigated. It is determined that the effective implementation of the state NS policyis impossible without a comprehensive analysis of intellectual property issues impacton the sphere of the NSDU. The importance of further research on the development ofa unified approach to improving the protection of intellectual property and its determinationas a component of NSDU, the development of appropriate recommendationsto address issues of intellectual property in this area and to neutralize sources ofthreats under the influence of intellectual property in the structure of NSDU.

The impact of the Great Recession on the Irish drug market

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 548-567 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Windle
Keyword(s):  
Great Recession ◽  
Illicit Drugs ◽  
Import Substitution ◽  
Economic Recession ◽  
Drug Market ◽  
International Literature ◽  
Drug Markets ◽  
The Great Recession ◽  
Economic Downturns ◽  
The Impact

This article analyses 10 years (2004–2014) of An Garda Síochána controlled drug data to investigate the impact of economic recession and globalization on the Irish illicit drug market. The limited international literature on recessions and drug markets suggests that economic downturns can increase both drug consumption and dealing. Gardaí data may, however, suggest that the 2008 Great Recession reduced drug use and dealing, yet increased the cultivation and manufacture of drugs: trends which largely conflict with the international literature. Two testable hypotheses are drawn from the data: (1) net consumption and trade of illicit drugs were reduced by emigration triggered by the Great Recession; (2) the Great Recession forced an adaptation in the market which sped up the process towards import substitution of cannabis cultivation. The article concludes by investigating how recent changes highlight the globalized nature of Irish drug markets before proposing avenues for further research.

scholarly journals THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SHORT-TERM FLUCTUATIONS AND STAGES OF ECONOMIC CYCLE: THE CASE OF UKRAINE

2018 ◽  
pp. 25-31
Author(s):  
Sergii Vitaliiovych Burlutski ◽  
Svitlana Vladyslavivna Burlutska ◽  
Victoriya Hennadiivna Marhasova
Keyword(s):  
National Economy ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Economic Recession ◽  
Static Characteristic ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Economic Cycles ◽  
Comprehensive Information ◽  
The Social ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Impact

Urgency of the research. The Ukraine has been con-tinuing to incur losses as a result of an economic recession and armed conflict in the Luhansk and Donetsk regions. Result of this rise of destabilization and real terms of the operation of the national economy was the distortions of its investment and consumer subsystems. Target setting. The economists and politicians still does not have comprehensive information regarding the institu-tional mechanisms responsible for the social-economic sta-bility and ways to strengthen balance between national economy subsystems. Actual scientific researches and issues analysis. The growth and spread of such attention has been stimulat-ed by several factors: major natural environmental disasters and terrorism (see, e.g. Rose, 2005; Heltberg, 2009); an importance of an evolutionary perspective (see, e.g., Martin, 2013; Plotnikov, 2013); the deep financial and economic global crisis (see, e.g. Augustine et al., 2013; Hamilton, 2012). Uninvestigated parts of general matters defining. A modern tradition among economists has been to study the economic cycles as phenomena of short-term economic instability. It would be realistic to expect that parameters of short-term fluctuations and stages of economic cycles are inextricably connected. The research objective. The aim of the article is a justi-fication of hypothesis about existence the significant rela-tionship between short-term fluctuations and stages of eco-nomic cycles. The statement of basic materials. The results of one-way ANOVA introduce significant difference between values of RLF parameters in each stages of economic cycles, which is especially true for the RLF(GFC)-score. The com-parison of macro indicators and RLF-scores has led to the conclusion: there isn`t a significant link between level of fluc-tuation and absolute value. Conclusions. The findings presented here indicate that level of fluctuation can change over time, because the mechanisms that shape national socio-economic system may themselves evolve and change. «Fluctuation move-ments» is not a static characteristic, but a dynamic process, has been influenced both by the impact of shocks and by institutional and structural changes in economy.

scholarly journals Uncertainty about the impact of social decisions increases prosocial behavior

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Kappes ◽  
Anne-Marie Nussberger ◽  
Nadira Sophie Faber ◽  
Guy Kahane ◽  
Julian Savulescu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Prosocial Behavior ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Past Research ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Economic Decisions ◽  
Social Decisions ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
The Impact

Uncertainty about how our choices will affect others infuses social life. Past research suggests uncertainty has a negative effect on prosocial behavior by enabling people to adopt self-serving narratives about their actions. We show that uncertainty does not always promote selfishness. We introduce a distinction between two types of uncertainty that have opposite effects on prosocial behavior. Previous work focused on outcome uncertainty: uncertainty about whether or not a decision will lead to a particular outcome. But as soon as people’s decisions might have negative consequences for others, there is also impact uncertainty: uncertainty about how badly others’ well-being will be impacted by the negative outcome. Consistent with past research, we found decreased prosocial behavior under outcome uncertainty. In contrast, prosocial behavior was increased under impact uncertainty in incentivized economic decisions and hypothetical decisions about infectious disease threats. Perceptions of social norms paralleled the behavioral effects. The effect of impact uncertainty on prosocial behavior did not depend on the individuation of others or the mere mention of harm, and was stronger when impact uncertainty was made more salient. Our findings offer insights into communicating uncertainty, especially in contexts where prosocial behavior is paramount, such as responding to infectious disease threats.

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