Ex-Post Stakeholder Analysis of National ICT Policy Subsystem

Author(s):  
Frank Makoza ◽  
Wallace Chigona

This paper presents an analysis of stakeholders of the national Information and Communication Technology (ICT) policy subsystem using the Advocacy Coalition Framework (ACF). The study focused on the context of a developing country, Malawi, which was analysed using qualitative data gathered through semi-structured interviews and policy documents. The findings showed there was diversity in the stakeholders for national ICT policy who were engaged in different roles of the policy process despite being a unitary policy subsystem. The stakeholders included officials from government departments, donors, academia, private sector organisations, the media, law enforcement agents and telecom operators. Some of the roles of the stakeholders were related to policy formulation, implementation, regulation, ICT investment, and support. The study contributes towards the literature of national ICT policy in the context of developing countries. A further study is recommended to consider the interests of informal stakeholders not represented in the national ICT policy subsystem.

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 44-65
Author(s):  
Frank Makoza

Information and communication technology (ICT) policies attract different stakeholders in the policy cycle phases. Whilst most studies on stakeholder analysis focuses on identifying stakeholders at the beginning of the policy process (ex-ante), we argue that stakeholders may change during the course of the policy process and hence the need to review previous policy stakeholders and identify new stakeholders in the subsequent phases of the policy process. The article proposes a taxonomy of ex-post stakeholder identification for ICT policy implementation phase. The taxonomy comprises the following steps for identifying stakeholders: categorise policy goals, list stakeholders, decide on stakeholders, categorise stakeholders, assign roles to stakeholders, highlight participation of stakeholders, manage stakeholders, and evaluate stakeholders. The taxonomy may be used by those responsible for recruiting stakeholders in the ICT policy implementation.


Author(s):  
Frank Makoza

While African governments have developed information and communication technologies (ICTs) policies, there is still missing historical insights on how contextual issues shaped the formulation process in the context of developing countries. This paper analysed the formulation for national ICT policy of Malawi between 2001 and 2012. Historical approach was used where archival data was used to understand key events, contextual issues, and activities that shaped the formulation of the policy. The findings showed that there were external influences leading to the formulation of the national ICT policy. The local needs of stakeholders were not articulated adequately to come up with realistic policy objectives. Further, there were more pressing local issues that led to the policy being not prioritised and endorsed by the government administrations leading to the delays in policy formulation. The study offers insights that can assist for policymakers and practitioners when developing similar policies such as the national broadband policy and national cyber-security policy.


Author(s):  
Timothy Mwololo Waema

The role that information and communication technologies (ICT) could play in socio-economic development has been recognized by governments worldwide. The most important starting point in most countries is a national ICT policy. In many developing countries, ICT policy development has increasingly become a participatory process. This is largely as a result of implementing policy reforms, with a strong emphasis on governance systems. This chapter is a case study of the development of national information and communication technology policy in Kenya, the influences of regional institutions and their products, and the role of the private sector and civil society. The chapter is based on a study that was carried out by reviewing existing relevant documents and by interviewing key persons involved in national and regional ICT policy in Kenya. The chapter also presents the challenges, conclusions, recommendations, and future research directions based on the case.


2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 104-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Albert Isaacs ◽  
Lawrence Kazembe ◽  
Collins Kazondovi

The purpose of this evaluation study was to determine the extent to which the teacher educators in the Faculty of Education at the University of Namibia implemented the national Information and Communication Technology (ICT) Policy for Education. This study employed both the quantitative method in the form of questionnaires and the qualitative method in the form of interviews and classroom observations. From the 100 participants surveyed, there were 73 respondents indicating a 73 per cent response rate to the questionnaire. The data were analysed by using the Likert Scale, Pearson-Product Moment Correlation Coefficient, Eigenvalue: Factor Analysis and Eigenvalue: Cluster. A purposive sampling was then conducted on the teacher educators at University of Namibia campus who were tasked to teach with ICTs. These teacher educators were interviewed and classroom observations were conducted. The findings of the study indicated that the participants had a good understanding of the national ICT Policy for Education. A majority of the teacher educators indicated that they were at the beginning level of using ICTs for teaching. They mainly used word processors and presentation tools for the purpose. However, the findings further indicated that the respondents lacked training in ICT pedagogy, lacked the time to learn and incorporate ICT skills and tools into lessons, and exposed insufficient budget allocation in place for procurement of ICT tools such as hardware and software.


2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 121-136
Author(s):  
Rania Itani ◽  
Muhammad Azeem ◽  
Nawazish Mirza

The purpose of this study is to examine the potential of Lebanese banks to address the economic challenges posed by COVID-19. These banks faced the disturbances of the 2011 Arab Spring, and these two crises have resulted in similar economic conditions, leading to an assessment of how Lebanese banks are dealing with the pandemic-led challenges. Exploratory analysis revealed the common features in the two events, and confirmatory analysis examined the hypotheses underlying a theoretical framework. Triangulation of qualitative and quantitative data helped to scrutinize the two events. Content analysis of data collected from semi-structured interviews with seven senior banking professionals confirms that the Lebanese banking sector’s experience gained during the Arab Spring is a valuable asset for bankers, the Banque du Liban (BDL), and the government, which can be used to anticipate and deal with the COVID-driven economic crisis. The study finds three key moderating factors: trust deficit, inherited characteristics of the economy, and fiscal and monetary policy. Most of these conditions are permanent in nature and require long-term planning. As this research was conducted before the catastrophe caused by the August 2020 Beirut explosion, no aspects of the financial consequences to the Lebanese banking sector and economy resulting from this immerse shock are included.


Author(s):  
Edwin I. Achugbue ◽  
C.E. Akporido

This chapter discusses national information and communication technology policy process in developing countries. It describes the need for information and communication technology policy, ICT policy development process, national ICT policy in developing countries, the role of an ICT policy in the developing country, factors affecting the formulation of national ICT policies and the future of national ICT policy was also discussed.


2021 ◽  
pp. 002085232110470
Author(s):  
Camilla Wanckel

This study examines the institutionalization of information technologies for policy formulation by investigating the case of eNAP. The digital tool was introduced in the spring of 2018 with the aim of supporting and improving sustainability impact assessments (SIAs) within the German Federal Government. Applying a neo-institutional perspective, this study shows how a tool like eNAP is embedded into prevailing regulative, normative, and cultural–cognitive structures. Findings from 10 semi-structured interviews indicate that the application of eNAP varies according to intra-ministerial coordination practices and portfolio-specific information-processing schemata. Overall, the tool serves to translate the abstract regulation to conduct an SIA, as well as to translate the vague norm of “sustainability” into a concrete assessment requirement, thereby helping increase policy officials’ awareness of sustainability goals. However, consistent with previous studies, great importance is not attached to SIAs in policy formulation, and prevailing norms and routines make the implementation of eNAP to increase the use of evidence or in-depth considerations of policy alternatives and their consequences unlikely. Points for practitioners Information and communication technologies (ICTs) provide new opportunities to support ex-ante policy evaluations. Practitioners enforcing ICTs for impact assessments should take a comprehensive perspective on the institutional context because both formal organizational structures and implicit expectations, habits and routines affect how policy officials use these tools. Technology alone does not improve policy evaluations, and a misfit between regulative, normative and cultural–cognitive institutional elements can lead to merely symbolic displays of impact assessments through the means of digital tools.


1994 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-70
Author(s):  
David Robie

The new National Information and Communication Policy (NICP) highlights contradictions and dilemmas for the Papua New Guinean media. How closely was the media consulted in the drafting of this policy?


CCIT Journal ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-86
Author(s):  
Lusyani Sunarya ◽  
Po Abas Sunarya ◽  
Jasmine Dara Assyifa

The development of visual communication media at this time is very helpful in supporting information and communication. But often presented visual communication  media  are  less  effective  and appropriate. While so many universities in Indonesia, the increasingly fierce competition in attracting new students. Media Visual Communication can be applied to college in introducing or raising the image and popularity or promote and provide information to prospective students. In essence, in this case the effectiveness of media campaigns assessed in spreading information, influence or persuade prospective students and new student to join the university. The method used by the questionnaires to assess the effectiveness of implemented that have been implemented such as  brochures,  banners, posters, billboards, catalogs, paper bag,  flyers  and  merchandise.  In  conclusion,  this  article specifically assess visual communication media from case studies in Perguruan Tinggi Raharja considered effective and consistent contribution.. This study found a great opportunity to improve the promotion of additional digital marketing media campaign called the college through the  stages resulting in some visual communication media that can be received by the target audience. To create a media campaign needs planning in accordance with the background of the problem so that the media are made to overcome the problems encountered


Author(s):  
Victor Shpak

This article is devoted to analysis of the modern problems of book publishing in the context of national information space. Development of the Ukrainian state is impossible without development of national book publishing, which is a part of its information space. In Ukraine, as one of the post-Soviet states, the formation of new information and communication system is based on its own information tradition, mentality and features of spiritual culture of the Ukrainians. It plays an important role in shaping culture, spirituality, comprehensive vision and consciousness of the nation. They were and they are a source of knowledge and the most effective way of its transfer. The transience of processes occurring the era of information society, radical socio-economic reforms, sectoral technological revolution requires the continuous scientific researches and analysis, identifying the trends in publishing industry as one of the most important factors in the state’s democratic progress. The author summarizes the development of book publishing of Ukraine and shows its role and place in the modern information society. The study of the modern book publishing is impossible without digression into the past, without finding out the roots of studying of the analysis object. The specific problems of the book industry are identified. It is concluded that in the modern Ukraine the publishing business has intensified, although the positive changes are taking place very slowly: the appropriate economic conditions for development of the publishing industry have not been created, the equipment are outdated; editorial, publishing and printing equipment of domestic manufacture are nonavailable; introduction of advanced technology are low; purchasing ability of the population is low; the sales network of printed products has been destroyed and so on. The businesses are becoming increasingly uneconomical. We propose some measures to improve this situation, strengthening the role of industry in the national information space. The key to improve the situation may be systematic and persistent efforts of the Ukrainian government to support the industry.The reason is that a comprehensive study requires from the performers not only historical knowledge, but also economic, managerial, psychological, political efforts and so on. The most important thing that the society and the state should need is the component of doctrine of information security in the context of the national security


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