Effect of Phosphate and Nitrate Electrolytes on Growth of Ceramic Coatings on 2021 Al Alloys Prepared by Electrolytic Plasma Processing

2010 ◽  
Vol 123-125 ◽  
pp. 1035-1038 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sang Sik Byeon ◽  
Kai Wang ◽  
Chan Gyu Lee ◽  
Yeon Gil Jung ◽  
Bon Heun Koo
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Matrix Material ◽  
Plasma Processing ◽  
Ceramic Coatings ◽  
Al Alloys ◽  
Composition And Structure ◽  
Electrolytic Plasma Processing ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Alkaline Electrolytes ◽  
Evolution Of Microstructure

2021 series aluminum alloy is used as the matrix material for its wide application in engineering to make AlON coating layers by the electrolytic plasma processing (EPP) method. The experiments were carried out on 2021 Al alloys in alkaline electrolytes which are eco-friendly and low-cost. The experimental electrolyte composition includes: 2g/L NaOH as the electrolytic conductive agent, 6~14g/L Na3PO4 as alumina formative agent, 0.5g/L NaNO3 as a nitrogen inducing agent. The effects of phosphate content variation are evaluated by a combined composition and structure analysis of the coating layer using with Philips-X’Pert X-ray diffractometer, JSM 5610 scanning electron microscopy for the specimens EPP-treated at room temperature in 10 min under a hybrid voltage (260V DC + 200V AC-50Hz). In addition, microhardness of the ceramic coatings was measured to correlate the evolution of microstructure and resulting mechanical properties. The wear tests show that a composite of AlON-Al2O3 high anti-abrasive coating formed as a result of a reactive process between Al in the alloy itself and O-N supplied by the electrolyte.

Effect of Nitrogen Electrolytes on Al2021 Alloy by Electrolytic Plasma Processing

2013 ◽  
Vol 378 ◽  
pp. 213-219
Author(s):  
Byunh Hyun Ahn ◽  
Dong Gun Lee ◽  
Je Hyun Lee ◽  
Uk Rae Cho ◽  
Bon Heun Koo
Keyword(s):  
Room Temperature ◽  
Coating Layer ◽  
Plasma Processing ◽  
Nitrogen Supply ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Composition And Structure ◽  
Electrolytic Plasma Processing ◽  
Evolution Of Microstructure ◽  
Wear Tests ◽  
Scanning Electron

AlON-Al2O3coatings were prepared on Al2021 alloy by the electrolytic plasma processing (EPP) method. NaNO2, NaNO3and NH4NO3were chosen as nitrogen supply agents. The nitrogen inducing effect was studied by a combined composition and structure analysis of the coating layer carried out by X-ray diffractometer (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) for the specimens EPP-treated at room temperature for 15 min under a hybrid voltage of 260V DC plus 200V AC (50Hz) power. Microhardness tests and wear tests were carried out to correlate the evolution of microstructure and resulting mechanical properties.

Characterization of new structural core materials based on vinyl ester and hollow ceramic microspheres

2003 ◽  
Vol 217 (3) ◽  
pp. 221-228
Author(s):  
S R Ayers ◽  
G M Van Erp
Keyword(s):  
Vinyl Ester ◽  
Structural Engineering ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Matrix Material ◽  
Research Programme ◽  
Core Material ◽  
Engineering Structures ◽  
Ongoing Research ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Core Materials

A new class of structural core material has been developed at the University of Southern Queensland for applications of composite materials in civil and structural engineering. These materials combine polymer resins with hollow ceramic microspheres to produce core materials with high structural capacity at low cost. A number of prototype structural elements using these materials have displayed significant potential for application in civil engineering structures. An ongoing research programme has been initiated to improve fundamental understanding of these materials and to provide the knowledge required for broad utilization. This current study has investigated the behaviour of core material formulations based on vinyl ester resins and hollow ceramic cenospheres. Investigations have focused on identifying key relationships between the constituent materials and resulting mechanical properties of the core material. A variety of matrix and filler characteristics have been examined. This work has shown that, at the type of filler levels considered feasible for structural engineering applications (vf > 30 per cent), the behaviour of the material is largely determined by the filler particles, with only minimal influence from the matrix material. Further investigations are continuing to quantify these effects and to develop predictive models for key relationships.

Study on Alloyed Surface Layer of Wear Resistant Castings by Evaporable Pattern Castings Infiltration Process

2012 ◽  
Vol 538-541 ◽  
pp. 247-250
Author(s):  
Da Chun Yang
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Matrix Material ◽  
Composite Layer ◽  
Boron Steel ◽  
Infiltration Process ◽  
Wear Resistant ◽  
Forming Mechanism ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Alloyed Surface ◽  
High Boron

Wear-resistant casting was made by V-EPC infiltration process. This paper puts forward and analyses the mechanical properties and forming mechanism of the layer. The matrix material was high boron steel casting. By partial casting alloyed, the surface composite materials layer was ceramic particles, such as WC, Ferrochromium, and Borax, etc. High boron molten metal was infiltrated into the composite layer and a good cast-infiltration layer may be formed by the interaction of vacuum and high temperature. The test result shows that using this process we can get the casting surface which is special abrasion-resistance with the remarkable characteristics such as simple process and low cost. It is a new process that wear-resistant casting will be made of.

Electrical Characterization and Nanoindentation of Opto-electro-mechanical Percolative Composites from 2D Layered Materials

MRS Advances ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (60) ◽  
pp. 3741-3747
Author(s):  
Jorge A. Catalán ◽  
Ricardo Martínez ◽  
Yirong Lin ◽  
Anupama B. Kaul
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Matrix Material ◽  
Transition Metal Dichalcogenides ◽  
Electrical Characterization ◽  
Filler Materials ◽  
2D Layered Materials ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Wide Availability ◽  
Metal Dichalcogenides ◽  
Graphite Composites

ABSTRACTIn this paper, we have developed composites with Poly-methyl methacrylate (PMMA) as the matrix material, while transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs), MoS2 and WS2 and graphite served as the filler materials. The PMMA was chosen as the matrix material due to its low-cost, wide availability, as well as its promising mechanical and optical properties for enabling opto-electro-mechanical sensing devices. The amount of filler material used ranged from 100 mg/ml up to 400 mg/ml. With the aid of designed fixtures we related the electrical properties of the PMMA-based composite sensors to the degree of strain or deformation. Additionally, a nanoindenter was used to measure the modulus of elasticity, with values as low as 2 GPa and as high as 20 GPa for the graphite composites, and hardness values which ranged from 0.1 GPa to ∼ 1.6 GPa.

Study on Performances of Plasma Sprayed Ceramic Coatings on Die Wear Surface

2016 ◽  
Vol 693 ◽  
pp. 611-615
Author(s):  
You Dan Guo
Keyword(s):  
Wear Surface ◽  
Matrix Material ◽  
Dimensional Accuracy ◽  
Ceramic Coatings ◽  
Quality Standard ◽  
Matrix Surface ◽  
Die Surface ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Friction Performance ◽  
Plasma Sprayed

Microscopic observation and testing were carried out on the structure & texture, bonding form and performances of different plasma-sprayed ceramic coatings on the wear surface of Cr12MoV dies by KYKY-2800B SEM. The result indicates that the bonding between the coating and the die matrix surface is mainly of mechanical form, the bonding strength of coating is higher than that of the matrix material, the coating has a low structural porosity and the hardness and friction performance of the die surface are somewhat improved. Compared with the original dies, not only their dimensional accuracy and quality standard are no lower but also their performance such as wear resistance and corrosion resistance are better, fully satisfying the requirements of die repair & remanufacture.

scholarly journals Specific of Hemp Fiber ’ S Plastic Composite Projection

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 310 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edgars Kirilovs ◽  
Rita Soliženko ◽  
Silvija Kukle
Keyword(s):  
Product Life Cycle ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Matrix Material ◽  
Resource Depletion ◽  
Renewable Resource ◽  
Hydroxyl Group ◽  
Hemp Fiber ◽  
Plastic Composite ◽  
The Matrix

In the report there are reflected research results of new board type biocomposites creation for furniture and equipment manufacturing for public segment, replacing traditional petroleum-based components with fully or partly renewable, biodegradable raw materials as one of the major global environmental problems today is non-renewable resource depletion and waste of petroleum-based plastic products. Performed research of biopolymer composites development shows that they are cheaper, environmentally friendlier, lighter, more easily to recycle and to dispose at the end of the product life cycle. For biopolymer’s reinforcement industrial flax and hemp fibers in terms of mechanical qualities are competitive with the glass fiber, they are strong enough in many applications, CO2 neutral, have a relatively low cost, low production energy requirements. By creating new biocomposites it is taken into account that the designed material mechanical properties are mainly dependent on the fiber mass in the matrix, orientation and adhesion to the matrix material. The maximum theoretical amount of fiber weight in composite can reach 91%, specific weight of the fiber component used in practice is usually between 45-65%, but can reach also 70%. For improvement of the adhesion the chemical treatment and drying of the fibers need to be done, also adjuvants that promote development of the hydroxyl group links should be incorporated in the matrix.

Fabrications of cellulose nanocomposite for tailor-made applications

2020 ◽  
pp. 096739112093205
Author(s):  
Muhamad Fareez Ismail ◽  
Ainil Hawa Jasni ◽  
Der Jiun Ooi
Keyword(s):  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Cellulose Nanofibers ◽  
Matrix Material ◽  
Atomic Layer ◽  
High Volume ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Layer Deposition ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Low Toxicity

The unique properties of nanocelluloses (NCs), including nanodimension, renewability, low toxicity, biocompatibility, biodegradability, easy availability, and low cost, render them the ideal nanomaterials for diverse applications. Composite material consists of matrix material with low volume fraction and self-assembled NC fibers with a high volume fraction of reinforcing domain. These two-phase components are often combined to promote stiffness and improve toughness (by dissipating materials fracture energy). The challenge, however, is to control the alignment and distribution of NC within the matrix. Recent research has been focusing on the production of composites using different methodologies such as electrospun cellulose nanofibers, polymer-grafted NC, nanoparticle binding on NCs, assembly of NCs at the air/water and oil/water interfaces, protein-mediated interactions on NCs, and atomic layer deposition on NCs. In this case, NC serves as an appropriate candidate for composites preparation in comparison to the non-biodegradable nanofillers (e.g. carbon nanoclay and nanotube).

scholarly journals TENSILE PROPERTIES OF SURFACE TREATED COIR FIBRE REINFORCED POLYETHYLENE

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-60
Author(s):  
K.F.K. Oyedeko ◽  
H.O. Opaleye ◽  
G.O. Shonaike
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Moisture Absorption ◽  
Alkali Treatment ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Matrix Material ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Fibre Content ◽  
Coir Fibre ◽  
The Matrix

The need to pursue an environmentally safer future has prompted the researchers to look beyond the inorganic fibre-based composites and engage in putting more thought into the utilization of natural fibre-based polymer composites. Although inorganic fibres, such as glass and carbon have a lot of advantages but we can owe its declining use in recent years to high initial cost, non-biodegradability, non-renewability, high energy consumption in manufacturing process and adverse environmental impacts. Natural fibres however more than compensate for their poor compatibility with the matrix, inherent high moisture absorption rate with their positive attributes like low cost, low density, non-abrasivity, good thermal properties, enhanced energy recovery and bio degradability. This work is aimed at investigating the effect of alkali treatment and fibre load on the tensile properties and hardness properties of coir fibre reinforced polypropylene composites. Polypropylene (PP) was used as the matrix resin and coir fibre (CF) as the reinforcing agent. The brown coconut fibres were pulled out and extracted manually from the coconut husks. To ensure proper interaction between fibre and matrix material, the outermost wax layer of the coir was removed by soaking the coir in hot water. The coir fibres are then prepared for treatment with NaOH solution to improve its surface properties and provide better adhesion with the matrix after the removal of lignin and pectin from the surface of the fibre. The tensile properties indicated that both the strength and modulus increased with increasing fibre content. However, in this investigation, the maximum fibre content is 20%. It could have been more than this but we encountered processing problem. Alkaline treated samples had higher tensile properties than untreated samples. The hardness of the material is not significantly affected by the surface treatment.

Polishing process effect on the image of dispersed precipitates

1984 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 534-535
Author(s):  
C.T. Hu ◽  
C.W. Allen
Keyword(s):  
Matrix Material ◽  
Specimen Preparation ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Precipitate Particle ◽  
Polishing Process ◽  
Second Phase Particles ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Surface Profiles ◽  
Thinning Process

One important problem in determination of precipitate particle size is the effect of preferential thinning during TEM specimen preparation. Figure 1a schematically represents the original polydispersed Ni3Al precipitates in the Ni rich matrix. The three possible type surface profiles of TEM specimens, which result after electrolytic thinning process are illustrated in Figure 1b. c. & d. These various surface profiles could be produced by using different polishing electrolytes and conditions (i.e. temperature and electric current). The matrix-preferential-etching process causes the matrix material to be attacked much more rapidly than the second phase particles. Figure 1b indicated the result. The nonpreferential and precipitate-preferential-etching results are shown in Figures 1c and 1d respectively.

Application of cross correlation to HREM images of surfaces

1987 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 754-755
Author(s):  
D. E. Luzzi ◽  
L. D. Marks ◽  
M. I. Buckett
Keyword(s):  
Cross Correlation ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Matrix Material ◽  
Correlation Method ◽  
Accurate Knowledge ◽  
Complex Image ◽  
Fourier Filtering ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Low Pass ◽  
Data Reduction Technique

As the HREM becomes increasingly used for the study of dynamic localized phenomena, the development of techniques to recover the desired information from a real image is important. Often, the important features are not strongly scattering in comparison to the matrix material in addition to being masked by statistical and amorphous noise. The desired information will usually involve the accurate knowledge of the position and intensity of the contrast. In order to decipher the desired information from a complex image, cross-correlation (xcf) techniques can be utilized. Unlike other image processing methods which rely on data massaging (e.g. high/low pass filtering or Fourier filtering), the cross-correlation method is a rigorous data reduction technique with no a priori assumptions.We have examined basic cross-correlation procedures using images of discrete gaussian peaks and have developed an iterative procedure to greatly enhance the capabilities of these techniques when the contrast from the peaks overlap.

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