Study on Alloyed Surface Layer of Wear Resistant Castings by Evaporable Pattern Castings Infiltration Process

2012 ◽  
Vol 538-541 ◽  
pp. 247-250
Author(s):  
Da Chun Yang
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Matrix Material ◽  
Composite Layer ◽  
Boron Steel ◽  
Infiltration Process ◽  
Wear Resistant ◽  
Forming Mechanism ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Alloyed Surface ◽  
High Boron

Wear-resistant casting was made by V-EPC infiltration process. This paper puts forward and analyses the mechanical properties and forming mechanism of the layer. The matrix material was high boron steel casting. By partial casting alloyed, the surface composite materials layer was ceramic particles, such as WC, Ferrochromium, and Borax, etc. High boron molten metal was infiltrated into the composite layer and a good cast-infiltration layer may be formed by the interaction of vacuum and high temperature. The test result shows that using this process we can get the casting surface which is special abrasion-resistance with the remarkable characteristics such as simple process and low cost. It is a new process that wear-resistant casting will be made of.

Effects of the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties for Wear Resistant Casting Surface with Vacuum Evaporable Pattern Casting Infiltration Process

2011 ◽  
Vol 291-294 ◽  
pp. 176-179
Author(s):  
Da Chun Yang
Keyword(s):  
Matrix Material ◽  
Composite Layer ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Boron Steel ◽  
Casting Surface ◽  
Infiltration Process ◽  
Wear Resistant ◽  
New Process ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
High Boron

Wear-resistant casting was made by V-EPC infiltration process. The matrix material was high boron steel casting. Surface composite materials layer was ceramic particles, such as WC, Ferrochromium, and Borax, etc. High boron molten metal was infiltrated into the composite layer and a good cast-infiltration layer may be formed by the interaction of vacuum and high temperature. The wear-resistant casting made with this process has high strength, hardness, and good wear-resistance. It is a new process that wear-resistant casting will be made of.

Characterization of new structural core materials based on vinyl ester and hollow ceramic microspheres

2003 ◽  
Vol 217 (3) ◽  
pp. 221-228
Author(s):  
S R Ayers ◽  
G M Van Erp
Keyword(s):  
Vinyl Ester ◽  
Structural Engineering ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Matrix Material ◽  
Research Programme ◽  
Core Material ◽  
Engineering Structures ◽  
Ongoing Research ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Core Materials

A new class of structural core material has been developed at the University of Southern Queensland for applications of composite materials in civil and structural engineering. These materials combine polymer resins with hollow ceramic microspheres to produce core materials with high structural capacity at low cost. A number of prototype structural elements using these materials have displayed significant potential for application in civil engineering structures. An ongoing research programme has been initiated to improve fundamental understanding of these materials and to provide the knowledge required for broad utilization. This current study has investigated the behaviour of core material formulations based on vinyl ester resins and hollow ceramic cenospheres. Investigations have focused on identifying key relationships between the constituent materials and resulting mechanical properties of the core material. A variety of matrix and filler characteristics have been examined. This work has shown that, at the type of filler levels considered feasible for structural engineering applications (vf > 30 per cent), the behaviour of the material is largely determined by the filler particles, with only minimal influence from the matrix material. Further investigations are continuing to quantify these effects and to develop predictive models for key relationships.

scholarly journals Green Sound-Absorbing Composite Materials of Various Structure and Profiling

Coatings ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 407
Author(s):  
Eulalia Gliscinska ◽  
Javier Perez de Amezaga ◽  
Marina Michalak ◽  
Izabella Krucinska
Keyword(s):  
Sound Wave ◽  
Sound Absorption ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Matrix Material ◽  
Composite Layer ◽  
Renewable Raw Materials ◽  
Flax Fibers ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Reinforcing Material ◽  
Positive Effect

This article presents thermoplastic sound-absorbing composites manufactured on the basis of renewable raw materials. Both the reinforcing material and the matrix material were biodegradable and used in the form of fibers. In order to mix flax fibers with polylactide fibers, the fleece was fabricated with a mechanical system and then needle-punched. The sound absorption of composites obtained from a multilayer structure of nonwovens pressed at different conditions was investigated. The sound absorption coefficient in the frequency ranging from 500 Hz to 6400 Hz was determined using a Kundt tube. The tests were performed for flat composites with various structures, profiled composites, and composite/pre-pressed nonwoven systems. Profiling the composite plate by convexity/concavity has a positive effect on its sound absorption. It is also important to arrange the plate with the appropriate structure for the incident sound wave. For the composite layer with an added pre-pressed nonwoven layer, a greater increase in sound absorption occurs for the system when a rigid composite layer is located on the side of the incident sound wave. The addition of successive nonwoven layers not only increases the absorption but also extends the maximum absorption range from the highest frequencies towards the lower frequencies.

Preparation Technology of the Low Carbon High Boron Fe-C-B Wear Resistance Steel

2011 ◽  
Vol 52-54 ◽  
pp. 1718-1722 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ji Wen Li ◽  
Guo Shang Zhang ◽  
Shi Zhong Wei ◽  
Qing Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Boron Content ◽  
Fish Bone ◽  
Boron Steel ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Preparation Technology ◽  
Reticular Structure ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
High Boron ◽  
Fe2b Phase ◽  
Boride Phases

The solidified microstructure and the modified treatment have been systematic studied for the low carbon high boron Fe-C-B steel. The cast solidified microstructures of the low carbon high boron steel are consisted of the matrix and the boride phases. The matrix phase is consisted of the ferrite, pearlite and a few martensite phases. The boride phases of the hypoeutectic steel are based mainly on the Fe2B phase. With the increasing of the boron content, the Fe2B phase is decreased. When the boron content is excess 2.6wt.%, the boride phases are changed from the single Fe2B phase to the compound structures. Meanwell, the morphologies of the boride phases are transformed from the long strip-shaped and the fish-bone reticular structure to the rosette type. The boride phases of the eutectic steel are mainly the M2B phase. However, for the hypereutectic steel, it are composed of the M23(C, B)6 and B0.7Fe3C0.3 phases. The suitable modifier for the hypoeutectic low carbon high boron steel is the compound modifier 0.2%RE+0.2%Ti. After modified, the reticular boride phases are disconnected. Moreover, there existed some of isolated massive borides. The appropriate modifier for the hypereutectic steel is the compound modifier 0.9%Nb+0.4%RE. After modified, the primary borides are fine refined and tend to round.

Electrical Characterization and Nanoindentation of Opto-electro-mechanical Percolative Composites from 2D Layered Materials

MRS Advances ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (60) ◽  
pp. 3741-3747
Author(s):  
Jorge A. Catalán ◽  
Ricardo Martínez ◽  
Yirong Lin ◽  
Anupama B. Kaul
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Matrix Material ◽  
Transition Metal Dichalcogenides ◽  
Electrical Characterization ◽  
Filler Materials ◽  
2D Layered Materials ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Wide Availability ◽  
Metal Dichalcogenides ◽  
Graphite Composites

ABSTRACTIn this paper, we have developed composites with Poly-methyl methacrylate (PMMA) as the matrix material, while transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs), MoS2 and WS2 and graphite served as the filler materials. The PMMA was chosen as the matrix material due to its low-cost, wide availability, as well as its promising mechanical and optical properties for enabling opto-electro-mechanical sensing devices. The amount of filler material used ranged from 100 mg/ml up to 400 mg/ml. With the aid of designed fixtures we related the electrical properties of the PMMA-based composite sensors to the degree of strain or deformation. Additionally, a nanoindenter was used to measure the modulus of elasticity, with values as low as 2 GPa and as high as 20 GPa for the graphite composites, and hardness values which ranged from 0.1 GPa to ∼ 1.6 GPa.

Effect of Phosphate and Nitrate Electrolytes on Growth of Ceramic Coatings on 2021 Al Alloys Prepared by Electrolytic Plasma Processing

2010 ◽  
Vol 123-125 ◽  
pp. 1035-1038 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sang Sik Byeon ◽  
Kai Wang ◽  
Chan Gyu Lee ◽  
Yeon Gil Jung ◽  
Bon Heun Koo
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Matrix Material ◽  
Plasma Processing ◽  
Ceramic Coatings ◽  
Al Alloys ◽  
Composition And Structure ◽  
Electrolytic Plasma Processing ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Alkaline Electrolytes ◽  
Evolution Of Microstructure

2021 series aluminum alloy is used as the matrix material for its wide application in engineering to make AlON coating layers by the electrolytic plasma processing (EPP) method. The experiments were carried out on 2021 Al alloys in alkaline electrolytes which are eco-friendly and low-cost. The experimental electrolyte composition includes: 2g/L NaOH as the electrolytic conductive agent, 6~14g/L Na3PO4 as alumina formative agent, 0.5g/L NaNO3 as a nitrogen inducing agent. The effects of phosphate content variation are evaluated by a combined composition and structure analysis of the coating layer using with Philips-X’Pert X-ray diffractometer, JSM 5610 scanning electron microscopy for the specimens EPP-treated at room temperature in 10 min under a hybrid voltage (260V DC + 200V AC-50Hz). In addition, microhardness of the ceramic coatings was measured to correlate the evolution of microstructure and resulting mechanical properties. The wear tests show that a composite of AlON-Al2O3 high anti-abrasive coating formed as a result of a reactive process between Al in the alloy itself and O-N supplied by the electrolyte.

scholarly journals Specific of Hemp Fiber ’ S Plastic Composite Projection

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 310 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edgars Kirilovs ◽  
Rita Soliženko ◽  
Silvija Kukle
Keyword(s):  
Product Life Cycle ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Matrix Material ◽  
Resource Depletion ◽  
Renewable Resource ◽  
Hydroxyl Group ◽  
Hemp Fiber ◽  
Plastic Composite ◽  
The Matrix

In the report there are reflected research results of new board type biocomposites creation for furniture and equipment manufacturing for public segment, replacing traditional petroleum-based components with fully or partly renewable, biodegradable raw materials as one of the major global environmental problems today is non-renewable resource depletion and waste of petroleum-based plastic products. Performed research of biopolymer composites development shows that they are cheaper, environmentally friendlier, lighter, more easily to recycle and to dispose at the end of the product life cycle. For biopolymer’s reinforcement industrial flax and hemp fibers in terms of mechanical qualities are competitive with the glass fiber, they are strong enough in many applications, CO2 neutral, have a relatively low cost, low production energy requirements. By creating new biocomposites it is taken into account that the designed material mechanical properties are mainly dependent on the fiber mass in the matrix, orientation and adhesion to the matrix material. The maximum theoretical amount of fiber weight in composite can reach 91%, specific weight of the fiber component used in practice is usually between 45-65%, but can reach also 70%. For improvement of the adhesion the chemical treatment and drying of the fibers need to be done, also adjuvants that promote development of the hydroxyl group links should be incorporated in the matrix.

Fabrications of cellulose nanocomposite for tailor-made applications

2020 ◽  
pp. 096739112093205
Author(s):  
Muhamad Fareez Ismail ◽  
Ainil Hawa Jasni ◽  
Der Jiun Ooi
Keyword(s):  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Cellulose Nanofibers ◽  
Matrix Material ◽  
Atomic Layer ◽  
High Volume ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Layer Deposition ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Low Toxicity

The unique properties of nanocelluloses (NCs), including nanodimension, renewability, low toxicity, biocompatibility, biodegradability, easy availability, and low cost, render them the ideal nanomaterials for diverse applications. Composite material consists of matrix material with low volume fraction and self-assembled NC fibers with a high volume fraction of reinforcing domain. These two-phase components are often combined to promote stiffness and improve toughness (by dissipating materials fracture energy). The challenge, however, is to control the alignment and distribution of NC within the matrix. Recent research has been focusing on the production of composites using different methodologies such as electrospun cellulose nanofibers, polymer-grafted NC, nanoparticle binding on NCs, assembly of NCs at the air/water and oil/water interfaces, protein-mediated interactions on NCs, and atomic layer deposition on NCs. In this case, NC serves as an appropriate candidate for composites preparation in comparison to the non-biodegradable nanofillers (e.g. carbon nanoclay and nanotube).

scholarly journals TENSILE PROPERTIES OF SURFACE TREATED COIR FIBRE REINFORCED POLYETHYLENE

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-60
Author(s):  
K.F.K. Oyedeko ◽  
H.O. Opaleye ◽  
G.O. Shonaike
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Moisture Absorption ◽  
Alkali Treatment ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Matrix Material ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Fibre Content ◽  
Coir Fibre ◽  
The Matrix

The need to pursue an environmentally safer future has prompted the researchers to look beyond the inorganic fibre-based composites and engage in putting more thought into the utilization of natural fibre-based polymer composites. Although inorganic fibres, such as glass and carbon have a lot of advantages but we can owe its declining use in recent years to high initial cost, non-biodegradability, non-renewability, high energy consumption in manufacturing process and adverse environmental impacts. Natural fibres however more than compensate for their poor compatibility with the matrix, inherent high moisture absorption rate with their positive attributes like low cost, low density, non-abrasivity, good thermal properties, enhanced energy recovery and bio degradability. This work is aimed at investigating the effect of alkali treatment and fibre load on the tensile properties and hardness properties of coir fibre reinforced polypropylene composites. Polypropylene (PP) was used as the matrix resin and coir fibre (CF) as the reinforcing agent. The brown coconut fibres were pulled out and extracted manually from the coconut husks. To ensure proper interaction between fibre and matrix material, the outermost wax layer of the coir was removed by soaking the coir in hot water. The coir fibres are then prepared for treatment with NaOH solution to improve its surface properties and provide better adhesion with the matrix after the removal of lignin and pectin from the surface of the fibre. The tensile properties indicated that both the strength and modulus increased with increasing fibre content. However, in this investigation, the maximum fibre content is 20%. It could have been more than this but we encountered processing problem. Alkaline treated samples had higher tensile properties than untreated samples. The hardness of the material is not significantly affected by the surface treatment.

Fabrication and Characterization of CU/B4C Surface Dispersion Strengthened Composite using Friction Stir Processing

2014 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Sathiskumar ◽  
N. Murugan ◽  
I. Dinaharan ◽  
S.J. Vijay
Keyword(s):  
Friction Stir Processing ◽  
Matrix Material ◽  
Composite Layer ◽  
Copper Surface ◽  
Chromium Steel ◽  
Copper Plate ◽  
Homogeneous Distribution ◽  
Scanning Electron Micrographs ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
The Matrix

Abstract Friction stir processing has evolved as a novel method to fabricate surface metal matrix composites. The feasibility to make B4C particulate reinforced copper surface matrix composite is detailed in this paper. The B4C powders were compacted into a groove of width 0.5 mm and depth 5 mm on a 9.5 mm thick copper plate. A tool made of high carbon high chromium steel; oil hardened to 63 HRC, having cylindrical profile was used in this study. A single pass friction stir processing was carried out using a tool rotational speed of 1500 rpm, processing speed of 40 mm/min and axial force of 10 kN. A defect free interface between the matrix and the composite layer was achieved. The optical and scanning electron micrographs revealed a homogeneous distribution of B4C particles which were well bonded with the matrix. The hardness of the friction stir processed zone increased by 26% higher to that of the matrix material.

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