State of the Art Review on Landfill and Leachates Treatment in China

2011 ◽  
Vol 347-353 ◽  
pp. 2078-2084
Author(s):  
Chen Yan Hu
Keyword(s):  
Solid Waste Management ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Suspended Solid ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste Management ◽  
Chemical Treatments ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Engineering Practices ◽  
Physical And Chemical

The main objectives of this study were to describe the municipal solid waste management, leachate characteristics of China landfills, and to summarize the present research of leachate treatments in china such as biological treatment, physical and chemical treatment and land treatment. In the survey of leachate from landfill in Chinese megapolis, the quality is characterized by chemical oxygen demand (COD) of 1500-80000 mg/L, biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) of 200-35000 mg/L, ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N) of 50-2400 mg/L, total nitrogen of 80-2600 mg/L, suspended solid of 30-7000 mg/L and pH value of 5-7.8. In engineering practices of China, the biological systems are usually adopted. Meanwhile, as far as the special quality of leachate is concerned, some chemical treatments are used as the pre-treatment or post-treatment to promote the effluent or improve the biological degradability of leachate.

Performance evaluation of subsurface wastewater infiltration system in treating domestic sewage

2012 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
pp. 713-720 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying-Hua Li ◽  
Hai-Bo Li ◽  
Jing Pan ◽  
Xin Wang ◽  
Tie-Heng Sun
Keyword(s):  
Operation Mode ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Surface Water Quality ◽  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Removal Efficiencies ◽  
One Year ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Over Time

This study was to investigate domestic treatment efficiency of a subsurface wastewater infiltration (SWI) system over time. The performances of a young SWI system (in Shenyang University, China, fully operated for one year) and a mature SWI system (in Shenyang Normal University, China, fully operated for seven years) under the same operation mode were contrasted through field-scale experiments for one year. The performance assessment for these systems is based on physical and chemical parameters collected. The removal efficiencies within the young system were relatively high if compared with the mature one: for biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), suspended solids (SS), ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N) and total phosphorus (TP) were 95.0, 89.1, 98.1, 87.6 and 98.4%, respectively. However, the removal efficiencies decreased over time. The mean removal efficiencies for the mature SWI system were as follows: BOD (89.6%), COD (87.2%), SS (82.6%), NH3-N (69.1%) and TP (74.4%). The results indicate that the mature SWI system successfully removed traditional pollutants such as BOD from domestic wastewater. However, the nutrient reduction efficiencies (including NH3-N and TP) decreased after seven years of operation of the mature SWI system. Meanwhile, the SWI system did not decrease the receiving surface water quality.

scholarly journals A COMPARATIVE STUDY ON TREATMENT TECHNOLOGIES FOR SEWAGE RECLAMATION: A FOCUS ON THE DISINFECTION PROCESS

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 80-99
Author(s):  
Noorini Izzati Mohamad Mazuki ◽  
Yeit Haan Teow ◽  
Abdul Wahab Mohammad
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Protection Agency ◽  
Water Reuse ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Wastewater Reclamation ◽  
Potable Reuse ◽  
Us Epa ◽  
Multi Media ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Almost All

Selection of suitable disinfection technology is necessary with regards to wastewater reclamation goals. In this work, the performance of various disinfection technologies - single disinfection units and integrated disinfection systems - on local sewage was studied for non-potable reuse. Disinfection units used as stand-alone units include ultraviolet (UV) disinfection, chlorination, microfiltration (MF), and ultrafiltration (UF). The integrated disinfection system consists of UV or chlorination as the primary disinfection unit incorporated with either MF, UF, multi-media or granular activated carbon as pre-treatment. The performance of these disinfection units and integrated processes were evaluated based on the percentage of removal of biochemical oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand, total suspended solids, ammonia nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, phosphorus, Escherichia coli, and trihalomethane in bench-scale disinfection systems. The single unit of PES20kDa membrane and the integrated disinfection system of UF-Cl showed the most effective treatment among single disinfection units and integrated systems, respectively. The results showed that almost all disinfection units and integrated disinfection processes were useable for restricted and unrestricted area non-potable applications according to United State Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA) water reuse guidelines and managed to fulfil Singapore grey water quality for recycling. ABSTRAK: Pemilihan teknologi penyahjangkitan kuman yang sesuai adalah perlu selaras dengan matlamat pemulihgunaan air buangan. Kajian ini adalah tentang prestasi pelbagai teknologi penyahjangkitan kuman - unit tunggal penyahjangkitan kuman dan sistem penyahjangkitan kuman bersepadu pada air sisa kumbahan tempatan dikaji bagi penggunaan semula air minuman. Unit  tunggal penyahjangkitan kuman yang digunakan mempunyai penyahjangkitan kuman ultraungu (UV), pengklorinan, mikro penurasan (MF), dan ultra penurasan (UF). Manakala, sistem penyahjangkitan kuman bersepadu terdiri daripada UV atau pengklorinan sebagai unit penyahjangkitan kuman utama yang digabungkan bersama samada dengan MF, UF, multi-media atau karbon teraktif berbutir sebagai proses pra-rawatan. Prestasi unit tunggal penyahjangkitan kuman dan proses-proses bersepadu dinilai berdasarkan pada peratus penyingkiran keperluan oksigen biokimia, permintaan oksigen kimia, jumlah pepejal terampai, nitrogen ammonia, nitrogen nitrat, fosforus, coli Escherichia, dan trihalometana dalam sistem penyahjangkitan kuman berskala-makmal. Unit tunggal penurasan ultra membran PES20kDa dan sistem penyahjangkitan kuman bersepadu UF-Cl menunjukkan masing-masing paling efektif dalam rawatan unit tunggal dan sistem penyahjangkitan kuman bersepadu. Keputusan menunjukkan bahawa hampir semua unit tunggal penyahjangkitan kuman dan proses penyahjangkitan kuman bersepadu boleh diguna pakai bagi aplikasi terhad dan tidak terhad  mengikut garis panduan penggunaan semula air sisa rawatan yang ditetapkan oleh Agensi Pelindungan Alam Sekitar Amerika Syarikat (US EPA) dan kualiti kitar semula air sisa Singapura.

scholarly journals The Treatment of High Concentration Dyeing Wastewater with Pulsed Current Electrocoagulation

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Wang ◽  
Hong Cheng Tan ◽  
Yong Liang Zhang ◽  
Yong Zhang Pan
Keyword(s):  
Electrode Materials ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Anaerobic Treatment ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Pulsed Current ◽  
Dyeing Wastewater ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Operational Conditions ◽  
Effluent Quality ◽  
Pre Treatment

<p>In this study, a small pulsed current electrocoagulation device was used to treat high concentration dyeing wastewater from a specific dyeing mill, and the effects of the electrode materials, reaction time, voltage, pH value, and aeration on the results of the treatment were examined. The results showed that under the following operational conditions: electrode materials were iron electrodes, time period was 15 min, voltage was 120 V, and initial pH was approximately 6, the removal rates of the COD, ammonia nitrogen, and color were 79.45%, 23.89%, and 87.50%, respectively. On this basis, a pulsed current electrocoagulation device, with a handling capacity of 0.5 m<sup>3</sup>/h, was used to conduct a pilot plant test for a period of one month. The results showed that the effluent quality (COD 1217.4 mg/L and NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup>-N 358.2 mg/L on average) of the high-concentration dyeing wastewater, whose COD and NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup>-N concentrations were 5328 mg/L, 595 mg/L, respectively after the treatment of a pulsed current electrocoagulation reactor, was superior to the effluent quality (COD 1400 mg/L and NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup>-N 450 mg/L) of the mill’s actual pre-treatment system (flocculation-anaerobic treatment-acidification), and fully reached the influent requirements of the subsequent aerobic treatment. The results of this study showed that pulsed current electrocoagulation reactors may be effectively used for the pre-treatment of high concentration dyeing wastewater due to the observed advantages, such as good treatment effects, small investment, and economical space occupation.</p>

scholarly journals Municipal Solid Waste Management Using Bioreactor Landfill in the Treatment of Organic Waste from Jatibarang Landfill, Semarang-Indonesia

2019 ◽  
Vol 125 ◽  
pp. 07002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wiharyanto Oktiawan ◽  
Irawan Wisnu Wardhana ◽  
Endro Sutrisno ◽  
Domuanri Gorat ◽  
Alfian Rizky Rizaldianto
Keyword(s):  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Organic Waste ◽  
Solid Waste Management ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste Management ◽  
Bioreactor Landfill ◽  
Bioreactor Landfills ◽  
Anaerobic Bioreactors ◽  
Aerobic Bioreactors

Landfilling is one of the easiest methods to be applied in the management of municipal solid waste (MSW). In its development, bioreactor landfill methods that have various advantages over conventional landfill emerge. This experiment aims to study the use of bioreactor landfills for the management of organic waste in Jatibarang Landfill, Semarang-Indonesia. There are 4 bioreactor landfills operated: 2 anaerobic bioreactors with leachate recirculation and addition of water, and 2 aerobic bioreactors. Different results are shown from these two types of bioreactor, where aerobic bioreactors reach peak temperatures (55oC each) faster even though anaerobic bioreactors reach higher temperatures (60oC and 61oC respectively). Anaerobic bioreactors reach a higher final pH value than aerobes while the accumulation of nitrogen content from an aerobic bioreactor is 2 times higher than anaerobes.

Application of combined membrane biological reactor and electro-oxidation processes for the treatment of landfill leachates

2009 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 605-614 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fathi Aloui ◽  
Firas Fki ◽  
Slim Loukil ◽  
Sami Sayadi
Keyword(s):  
Membrane Bioreactor ◽  
Biological Process ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Organic Loading ◽  
Landfill Leachates ◽  
Loading Rates ◽  
Electro Oxidation

Landfill leachate (LFL) is a very complex wastewater that poses considerable hazards to local communities and the environment. With this concern in mind, the present study was undertaken to investigate the performance of an aerobic membrane bioreactor treating raw LFL from Djebel Chekir (Tunisia) discharge. The LFL samples collected from this site were found to be highly loaded with organic matter, ammonia, salts, greases, phenols and hydrocarbons. Important removals of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and NH4+-N were attained after 44 days of treatment at optimum conditions for the membrane and with organic loading rates (OLR) of 1.9 and 2.7 grams COD per litter and day. This treatment allowed for an important detoxification of the landfill leachates and a significant elimination of the microorganisms. Electrochemical oxidation using Pi/Ti was applied as a post-treatment and after the biological process in order to reduce the residual ammonia and COD. At a pH value of 9, current density of 4 A dm−2 and electrolysis time of 60 minutes, COD and ammonia nitrogen were reduced to 1,000 mg L−1 and 27 mg L−1, respectively. COD and NH4+-N removals were accompanied by significant detoxification.

scholarly journals A comparison of alum sludge with peat for aqueous glyphosate removal for maximizing their value for practical use

2018 ◽  
Vol 2017 (2) ◽  
pp. 450-456 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yae Wang ◽  
Baiming Ren ◽  
Yaqian Zhao ◽  
Anthony English ◽  
Martin Cannon
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Full Potential ◽  
Removal Capacity ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Alum Sludge ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Better Than ◽  
P Removal

Abstract This study compares and contrasts the glyphosate removal efficiency of alum sludge (waterworks residue) and Irish peat in aqueous solution. Organic phosphonate of glyphosate aqueous solution was removed in pot tests separately filled with peat and alum sludge, while effluent samples were taken from each pot to analyse the concentration of phosphorus (P) and COD (chemical oxygen demand); physical and chemical analysis for both media before and after use was carried out subsequently. The results show that the P removal capacity of alum sludge was significant (&gt;99%), while the removal capacity of peat was considerably less than 10% after 10 weeks. Both materials significantly reduced the levels of COD, but it was noted that peat had a marginally greater initial P removal capacity (68 ± 22%) and did perform better than alum sludge (57 ± 12%). Moreover, pre-treatment is a crucial step to harness the full potential of peat. Overall, this study provides a scientific clue for sorbents selection when considering alum sludge and peat to maximize their value in practice.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of septage pre-treatment in vertical flow constructed wetlands

2017 ◽  
Vol 76 (9) ◽  
pp. 2544-2553 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beata Karolinczak ◽  
Wojciech Dąbrowski
Keyword(s):  
Constructed Wetlands ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Vertical Flow ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Vertical Flow Constructed Wetlands ◽  
Hydraulic Load ◽  
Pre Treatment

Abstract Septage is wastewater stored temporarily in cesspools. A periodic supply of its significant quantities to small municipal wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) may cause many operational problems. In the frame of the research, it has been proposed to utilize vertical flow constructed wetlands for pre-treatment of septage prior to its input to the biological stage of a WWTP. The aim of the work was to assess the effectiveness of pre-treatment in relation to factors such as: seasonality, hydraulic load, pollutants load of the VF bed and interactions between these factors. The results proved that application of a VF bed to septage pre-treatment can significantly reduce the concentration of pollutants (biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5): 82%, chemical oxygen demand (COD): 82%, total suspended solids (TSS): 91%, total nitrogen (TN): 47%, ammonia nitrogen (NH4-N): 70%), and thus decrease the loading of the biological stage of a WWTP. The mathematical models of mass removal process were created. They indicate that in case of all analysed parameters, removed load goes up with the increase of load in the influent. However, with the increase of hydraulic load, a decrease of the removed BOD5, COD, TSS and total phosphorus, and in vegetation period an increase of TN, can be observed in terms of load. There are no statistically significant effects of seasonality.

scholarly journals Production and Characterization of Eco Enzyme Produced from Fruit and Vegetable Wastes and its Influence on the Aquaculture Sludge

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 10205-10214
Keyword(s):  
Solid Waste ◽  
Food Waste ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Total Suspended Solid ◽  
Batch Process ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Suspended Solid ◽  
Waste Production ◽  
Total Ammonia ◽  
Vegetable Wastes

The high composition of food waste in municipal solid waste production is one of the most critical environmental issues since the decomposition process produces and releases carbon dioxide and methane into the atmosphere and causes a greenhouse effect. Therefore, to minimize the composition of organic wastes in the landfill, this study was conducted to characterize the eco enzyme produced from the fermentation of fruit waste. Then, the treatment of aquaculture sludge will also be determined to examine its applicability. The effectiveness of the eco enzyme on sludge treatment was experimented based on the different dilution factors of the eco enzyme (5 %, 10 %, 15 %) for 10 days (Batch process). The results showed that the eco enzyme possesses Protease, Amylase, and Lipase. Meanwhile, the results of the treatment process showed the enzyme solution (10 %) was found more potent and economical in treating aquaculture sludge in which resulted in a reduction of 89 % of Total Suspended Solid, 78 % of Volatile Suspended Solid, 88 % of Chemical Oxygen Demand, 94 % of Total Ammonia Nitrogen and 97 % of Total Phosphorus. Eco enzyme produced from the study has effectively acted as an environmentally friendly solution to reduce the composition of food waste in solid waste generation and has the potential to be applied in the wastewater industry.

scholarly journals Nutritional value and physical and chemical characteristics of white mulberry tree using different conservation methods for ruminant feed

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 771 ◽  
Author(s):  
Américo Fróes Garcez Neto ◽  
Janielen Da Silva ◽  
Eduardo Michelon do Nascimento ◽  
Jean Carlos Steinmacher Lourenço ◽  
Sergio Rodrigo Fernandes
Keyword(s):  
Ph Value ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Total N ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Aerobic Stability ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
White Mulberry ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Mulberry Tree

This study was carried out to evaluate the white mulberry tree (Morus alba) as a feedstuff for ruminants in natura, as hay and as silage. A completely randomized design with five treatments and three replicates was used, where the treatments were five types of mulberry forage: (1) in natura after cutting; (2) hay; (3) silage of mulberry in natura; (4) silage of wilted mulberry and (5) silage of mulberry with ground ear corn. The content of crude protein (CP) did not differ between the silages (average of 19.03% of dry matter - DM). The CP content of the silages was higher than in mulberry hay (15.26% DM) and similar to mulberry after cutting (17.00% DM). The neutral detergent fiber (NDF) content did not differ between the silages (34.84% DM on average), but the NDF of silage with ear corn was lower than the mulberry hay (33.77 vs. 39.36% DM). The acid detergent fiber (ADF) content did not differ between silages and mulberry hay (30.66% DM on average). The lowest value for ADF was observed in the mulberry after cutting (26.06% DM). The aerobic stability of the silages was not broken during the seven days of aerobic exposure. The pH of silage of mulberry in natura was similar to silage of wilted mulberry (4.80 on average), while the silage with ear corn showed a lower pH value (4.58) compared to the other silages. The buffering capacity (BC) did not differ between the silage with ear corn and silage of wilted mulberry (84.91 meq 100 g DM-1 on average), while a lower value was observed for silage of mulberry in natura (56.69 meq 100 g DM-1). The highest value for ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N) was demonstrated in the silage of mulberry in natura (13.08% total N), and the lowest values were observed in the silage with ear corn and silage of wilted mulberry (7.49 and 9.58% total N, respectively). Silage with 11% of ground ear corn is the best alternative use of white mulberry tree as forage for ruminant feeding, since this form presented low fiber content and a fermentative pattern suitable for the process of forage conservation.

scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF ARTOCARPUS HETEROPHYLLUS PEEL AS A NATURAL COAGULANT USING RESPONSE SURFACE METHODOLOGY (RSM)

2020 ◽  
Vol 82 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Priyatharishini Mardarveran ◽  
Nadzirah Mohd Mokhtar
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
Total Suspended Solid ◽  
Suspended Solid ◽  
Artocarpus Heterophyllus ◽  
Natural Coagulant ◽  
Pre Treatment

The chemical coagulants used in the process of wastewater treatment causes negative implications on environment and human health. Exploration on natural coagulants as environmental friendly solution has been widely carried out. In present research, Artocarpus heterophyllus (jackfruit) peel is used as coagulant in treating domestic wastewater. This study aimed to assess optimum pH of wastewater and coagulant dosage by varying them to achieve the maximum removal rate of total suspended solid (TSS), biological oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD) and turbidity. The studied range for pH of wastewater was pH 1-3 and dosage of coagulant within 50–70 mg/L. Response surface methodology (RSM) based on central composite design (CCD) implied in optimization of this coagulation process. Treatment using this natural coagulant enabled maximum reduction of turbidity, TSS, BOD and COD up to 80.7 %, 77.5 %, 34.3 % and 34.6 % respectively under optimum condition of pH 2.1 and dosage of 58 mg/L. These findings revealed higher reduction in turbidity and TSS. Thus, this study indicates the promising potential of the Artocarpus heterophyllus peel extract as an alternative bio-based coagulating agent for effective pre-treatment of wastewater. 

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