Optimization Study of Pyrolysis Process for Bamboo Waste by Orthogonal Experiment

2013 ◽  
Vol 634-638 ◽  
pp. 792-797
Author(s):  
Li Yang ◽  
Yong Gang Wei ◽  
Hua Wang ◽  
Jian Hang Hu
Keyword(s):  
Heating Rate ◽  
Orthogonal Experiment ◽  
Orthogonal Design ◽  
Carbonization Temperature ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Pyrolysis Process ◽  
Thermogravimetric Analyzer ◽  
Optimization Study ◽  
Temperature Heating ◽  
Dsc Curves

The pyrolysis of bamboo waste has been investigated. The effects of carbonization temperature, heating rate and carbonization time on characters of biomass carbonization was investigated by the orthogonal design. The optimized operating condition of bamboo waste was achieved by the analysis of variance: the carbonization temperature is 400 °C, the heating rate is 10 °C /min, the carbonization time is 60min.The yield of bamboo waste under the optimized operating conditions is 31.8%, and ash is 3.9%. The thermogravimetric analysis of the bamboo waste was carried out in a thermogravimetric analyzer. The analysis of TG and DSC curves indicates that the pyrolysis of bamboo waste should be divided into four steps: the dryness is below120 °C, from 120 to 240°C is preheating section, and pyrolysis occurs at 230 to 370 °C and after 370 °C is carbonization process.

Experimental Research on Molding Biomass’s Carbonization Homogeneity

2013 ◽  
Vol 634-638 ◽  
pp. 759-763
Author(s):  
Wei Hu ◽  
Jian Hang Hu ◽  
Hua Wang ◽  
Kun Sang ◽  
Juan Qin Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Transfer ◽  
Heating Rate ◽  
Temperature Difference ◽  
Small Dimension ◽  
Carbonization Temperature ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Exothermic Effect ◽  
Pyrolysis Process ◽  
Heating Rates ◽  
Maximum Temperature Difference

Molding biomass’s carbonization homogeneity was studied through doing research on temperature difference of surface and inside of biomass by making experiments. Molding biomass’s size is larger than that of small dimension biomass and carbonization in whole biomass is different to some extent. But endothermic and exothermic effect in pyrolysis process and mass transfer of volatile are beneficial to carbonization homogeneity. When biomass average heating rate becomes larger, the maximum temperature difference of surface and inside becomes larger, besides that the temperature of biomass is higher when molding biomass’s carbonization is homogeneous. Maximum temperature differences were 30, 76, 137 °C respectively when biomass average heating rates were 5, 10, 20 °C/min. In order to ensure homogeneity, carbonization should reach the temperature which lignin decomposes strongly at releasing heat violently. Carbonization temperature should be higher than 450 °C. Besides, biomass average heating rate shouldn’t be too high and it should be under 20 °C /min.

scholarly journals Multi-parametric optimization of the catalytic pyrolysis of pig hair into bio-oil

Clean Energy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 527-535
Author(s):  
Henry Oghenero Orugba ◽  
Jeremiah Lekwuwa Chukwuneke ◽  
Henry Chukwuemeka Olisakwe ◽  
Innocent Eteli Digitemie
Keyword(s):  
Heating Rate ◽  
Catalytic Pyrolysis ◽  
Oxide Catalyst ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Fixed Bed Reactor ◽  
Oil Yield ◽  
Pyrolysis Process ◽  
Heating Value ◽  
Bio Oil ◽  
Temperature Heating

Abstract The low yield and poor fuel properties of bio-oil have made the pyrolysis production process uneconomic and also limited bio-oil usage. Proper manipulation of key pyrolysis variables is paramount in order to produce high-quality bio-oil that requires less upgrading. In this research, the pyrolysis of pig hair was carried out in a fixed-bed reactor using a calcium oxide catalyst derived from calcination of turtle shells. In the pyrolysis process, the influence of three variables—temperature, heating rate and catalyst weight—on two responses—bio-oil yield and its higher heating value (HHV)—were investigated using Response Surface Methodology. A second-order regression-model equation was obtained for each response. The optimum yield of the bio-oil and its HHV were obtained as 51.03% and 21.87 mJ/kg, respectively, at 545oC, 45.17oC/min and 2.504 g of pyrolysis temperature, heating rate and catalyst weight, respectively. The high R2 values of 0.9859 and 0.9527, respectively, obtained for the bio-oil yield and its HHV models using analysis of variance revealed that the models can adequately predict the bio-oil yield and its HHV from the pyrolysis process.

scholarly journals Optimization of Sintering Process of Alumina Ceramics Using Response Surface Methodology

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 6739
Author(s):  
Darko Landek ◽  
Lidija Ćurković ◽  
Ivana Gabelica ◽  
Mihone Kerolli Mustafa ◽  
Irena Žmak
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Heating Rate ◽  
Sintering Temperature ◽  
Nonlinear Models ◽  
Slip Casting ◽  
Holding Time ◽  
Alumina Ceramics ◽  
Aqueous Suspensions ◽  
Temperature Heating

In this work, alumina (Al2O3) ceramics were prepared using an environmentally friendly slip casting method. To this end, highly concentrated (70 wt.%) aqueous suspensions of alumina (Al2O3) were prepared with different amounts of the ammonium salt of a polycarboxylic acid, Dolapix CE 64, as an electrosteric dispersant. The stability of highly concentrated Al2O3 aqueous suspensions was monitored by viscosity measurements. Green bodies (ceramics before sintering) were obtained by pouring the stable Al2O3 aqueous suspensions into dry porous plaster molds. The obtained Al2O3 ceramic green bodies were sintered in the electric furnace. Analysis of the effect of three sintering parameters (sintering temperature, heating rate and holding time) on the density of alumina ceramics was performed using the response surface methodology (RSM), based on experimental data obtained according to Box–Behnken experimental design, using the software Design-Expert. From the statistical analysis, linear and nonlinear models with added first-order interaction were developed for prediction and optimization of density-dependent variables: sintering temperature, heating rate and holding time.

STRUCTURAL CHARACTERISTICS OF (Ba,Sr)TiO3 THIN FILMS BY RAPID THERMAL ANNEALING

2007 ◽  
Vol 14 (01) ◽  
pp. 141-145
Author(s):  
Q. Y. ZHANG ◽  
S. W. JIANG ◽  
Y. R. LI
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Grain Size ◽  
Heating Rate ◽  
Thermal Annealing ◽  
Rapid Thermal Annealing ◽  
Rapid Heating ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
High Heating Rate ◽  
Duration Time ◽  
Temperature Heating

The rapid thermal annealing (RTA) process was adapted to crystallize the amorphous ( Ba,Sr ) TiO 3 thin films prepared on Si (111) substrates by RF magnetic sputtering deposition. The effect of annealing temperature, heating rate and duration time on crystallization was studied through X-ray diffraction and atomic force microscopy. The result shows that the crystallinity and grain size were strongly dependent on the temperature, heating rate, and duration time. Higher heating rate leads to smaller grain size. In high heating rate, the grain size shows different dependence of temperature from that of low heating rate. For a heating rate of 50°C/s, the grain size decreased with temperature increasing below 700°C, while after that temperature, the grain size increased slightly with the temperature increasing. At a certain temperature, the crystallinity and surface roughness improved with increase in annealing time, while grain size changed little. The effect of rapid heating rate on the nucleation and grain growth has been discussed, which contributes to the limited grain size of the annealed ( Ba,Sr ) TiO 3 thin films.

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF SOME PARAMETERS IN THE RESULTS OF THERMAL ANALYSIS OF POLYVINYL ALCOHOL

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (31) ◽  
pp. 235-241
Author(s):  
Mariana Fornazier BORGES
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Analysis ◽  
Polyvinyl Alcohol ◽  
Heating Rate ◽  
Synthetic Polymer ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Physical Form ◽  
Series Of Experiments ◽  
Rate Type ◽  
Tga And Dsc ◽  
Dsc Curves

The present work seeks to demonstrate through a series of experiments such as the parameters heating rate, type of stand and physical form of the sample, can influence the qualitative and quantitative aspects of the results of the thermal analyzes of TGA and DSC. To do this, polyvinyl alcohol, a synthetic polymer was used as a model and its thermal behavior was discussed by the results obtained by the thermogravimetric (TGA) and DSC curves, showing the effect of the alteration of each parameter, such as the displacement at the temperature at which the thermal events occur in the TGA curves, related to the alteration of the physical form of the sample; the intensification of the DSC peaks due to the increase of the heating rate, the change in the heat flow by changing the stand and masking some events such as the glass transition temperature.

Analysis of Bio-Oil Produced by Co-Pyrolysis of Mahua Seed and Polystyrene

2015 ◽  
Vol 787 ◽  
pp. 771-775
Author(s):  
Debalaxmi Pradhan ◽  
R.K. Singh
Keyword(s):  
Heating Rate ◽  
Fossil Fuel ◽  
Synergetic Effect ◽  
Blend Ratio ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Bio Oil ◽  
Quality Of Products ◽  
Temperature Heating

TheProduction of biofuel from biomass sources is believed to reduce the reliance of fossil fuel and its cost. This investigation was aimed to produce and characterize the bio-oil obtained from co-pyrolysis. Two different feed stocks were used for co-pyrolysis; one is Mahua seed (MS) and the other one is Polystyrene (PS). The effect in addition of plastic to biomass in pyrolysis process were investigated on the yield and quality of products. Experiments were conducted in a semi-batch pyrolysis reactor under various parameters of temperature, heating rate and blending ratio. The results indicated that a temperature of 525 °C, and blend ratio of 1:1is maximumwith a heating rate of 20 °C/min. The yield of bio-oil obtained from the co-pyrolysis was found to be approximately 71%, which was higher about 22% than that of yield obtained from pyrolysis of Mahua seed (MS) alone. Further the bio-oil was characterized using different spectroscopic and chromatographic analyses. The analysis of the results for characterization of bio-oil indicated that the synergetic effect increased the bio-oil yield and its quality.

Pyrolysis Characteristics of Pine Powder and Polyvinyl Chloride of Municipal Solid Waste in Thermogravimetric Analyzer

2013 ◽  
Vol 781-784 ◽  
pp. 2009-2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hai Yu Meng ◽  
Shu Zhong Wang ◽  
Lin Chen ◽  
Jun Zhao ◽  
Zhi Qiang Wu
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Heating Rate ◽  
Polyvinyl Chloride ◽  
Heating Rates ◽  
Pyrolysis Characteristics ◽  
Thermogravimetric Analyzer ◽  
Tg And Dtg ◽  
Obvious Weight Loss

The pyrolysis characteristics of pine powder and polyvinyl chloride (PVC), respectively representing the biomass and plastics components of municipal solid waste, were studied in a thermogravimetric analyzer, and the influence of heating rate on pyrolysis characteristics was also investigated. The pyrolysis temperature was heated from ambient up to 900 °C at different heating rates including 10, 20 and 40 °Cžmin-1. The pyrolysis of pine powder was composed of two obvious weight loss phases, which were dehydration and the decomposition of cellulose and hemicellulose. The lignin in pine powder decomposed over a broad temperature range until 900°C. The pyrolysis of PVC was complicated, and included the release of hydrogen chloride (HCl), the formation of hydrocarbons. Besides, the additives in PVC decomposed at about 600 °C. The TG and DTG curves of pyrolysis for pine powder and PVC were similar at different heating rates, however, each weight loss phase of pyrolysis was shifted to high temperature with increasing the heating rate.

Effects of Temperature, Heating Rate, Residence Time, Reaction Atmosphere, and Pressure on Biochar Properties

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wanwu Li ◽  
Farrukh Raza Amin ◽  
Yanshuai Fu ◽  
Han Zhang ◽  
Yanfeng He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heating Rate ◽  
Residence Time ◽  
Effects Of Temperature ◽  
Reaction Atmosphere ◽  
Temperature Heating

scholarly journals Dilation of Ti-6Al-4V/HA Composite Tensile Parts

2002 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 096369350201100
Author(s):  
E. S. Thian ◽  
N. H. Loh ◽  
K. A. Khor ◽  
S. B. Tor
Keyword(s):  
Heating Rate ◽  
Sintering Temperature ◽  
Holding Time ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Basic Information ◽  
Sintering Process ◽  
Densification Rate ◽  
In Situ Test ◽  
Temperature Heating

Prior to the actual sintering process, a dilatometry study is performed to provide basic information and guidelines. This paper studies the effects of three sintering factors: sintering temperature, heating rate and holding time, on the densification rate of Ti-6Al-4V/HA composite parts. According to the in-situ test results, suitable values for the sintering factors can then be established.

Absorption Performance of Activated Carbon with Orange Peel through Phosphoric Acid Activation Method

2012 ◽  
Vol 518-523 ◽  
pp. 2298-2302
Author(s):  
Yue Zhou ◽  
Wei Guo Pan ◽  
Rui Tang Guo ◽  
Xiao Bo Zhang ◽  
Xue Ping Wen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Phosphoric Acid ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Orange Peel ◽  
Carbonization Temperature ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Acid Activation ◽  
Activation Time ◽  
Methylene Blue Adsorption

In order to reduce power plant nitric oxide emission with gaining economical adsorbent, activated carbon was prepared from the raw materials of orange peel under different operating conditions in this paper. The methylene blue adsorption value of different activated carbon has also been tested, and the effects on the methylene blue adsorption performance of different dipping concentration, activation time and carbonization temperature were studied. The finding is that the dipping concentration has the most important impact on methylene blue adsorption value. The highest methylene blue adsorption value of orange peel activated carbon has shown as 277.746mg/g under the following conditions: phosphoric acid concentration was 40%, activation time was 12 hours and carbonization temperature was 500°C. It is a economically feasible absorbent material through a great deal of experiments and analysis.

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