Reseach on Preparation of Hydroxyapatite/Chitosan Composite Materials and Characteristics of Industrial Sewage Containing-Heavy Metal Treatment

2013 ◽  
Vol 821-822 ◽  
pp. 1193-1199
Author(s):  
Zhi Liang ◽  
Tong Jie Wei ◽  
Hu Kun Wang ◽  
Xi Kun Liu ◽  
Ming Long Hong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Composite Particle ◽  
Good Effect ◽  
Process Conditions ◽  
Isothermal Adsorption ◽  
Adsorption Effect ◽  
Solid Ratio ◽  
Metal Treatment ◽  
Particle Adsorption ◽  
Chitosan Composite ◽  
Industrial Sewage

The process conditions of making composite particle adsorption material out of hydroxyapatite-chitosan, regeneration method, and how to use composite particle adsorption material to treat industrial sewage containing heavy metals are researched. Experiment consequence shows that when the mass ratio of chitosan to hydroxyapatite is 0.12:1, the concentration of acetic acid is 4%, and liquid-solid ratio is 0.6:1, the granular material will be produced with the best adsorption effect. The dosage of composite particle adsorption material is 0.025 g/mL, the adsorption time is 60 min, and the temperature is 25 °C , removal percentage of Cd2+, Pb2+ and Zn2+ is 99.25%, 75.16% and 79.33% respectively. The isothermal adsorption equation is CCd/Q = 1.323CCd+ 0.1338. Adsorption selective sequence is: Cd2+ > Zn2+ >Pb2+ . When we use 1 mol/L NaCl to regenerate composite particle adsorption material, it still can be employed to deal with sewage with a good effect.

scholarly journals Calculating Power Parameters of Rolling Mill Based on Model of Deformation Zone with Four-Roll Passes

Machines ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 73
Author(s):  
Marina N. Samodurova ◽  
Olga I. Karandaeva ◽  
Vadim R. Khramshin ◽  
Ivan V. Liubimov
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Models ◽  
Deformation Zone ◽  
Rolling Mill ◽  
Process Conditions ◽  
Complex Deformation ◽  
Multivariable Control Systems ◽  
Digital Twins ◽  
Mill Equipment ◽  
Metal Treatment ◽  
The Impact

Making “digital twins” for rolling processes and mill equipment should begin with the development of mathematical models of the deformation zone. The deformation zone of two-high flat mill rolling have been studied in detail, relevant models are available in many academic papers. However, the same cannot be said about the most complex deformation zones in stands with multi-roll gauge. Therefore, the task of their reliable mathematical description is of immediate interest. The development of mathematical models is necessary for the design of new wire mills and rolling-drawing units. The combination of rolling in stands with multi-roll gauge and drawing is a promising direction in the production of wire from difficult-to-form steels and alloys. Digital models for pressure-based metal treatment are also necessary for calculating the rolling-mill power parameters during the development of new assortments at the operating mills. The models of deformation zones present the basis for developing the multivariable control systems of process conditions of continuous mills. This research is devoted to the study of the deformation zone and the development of a procedure for calculating the power parameters of rolling in a stand with four-roll passes. The solution of these challenges is given using the example of an operating five-stand wire mill. The authors analysed the known analytical dependencies for calculating the rolling mill force and torque. A mathematical model of the deformation zone and a program for calculating the power parameters have been developed. The paper compares the results obtained from calculations based on analytical dependence and on modelling. A comparison with the experimental parameters obtained at the mill is given. The authors assess the feasibility of using the known formulas and analyse the impact of the front and rear tensions on the power parameters of rolling mill. The problem of developing an automatic tension control system for continuous mills with multi-roll groove is substantiated.

Study on the Gold Leaching Process by Potassium Ferricyanide

2015 ◽  
Vol 814 ◽  
pp. 273-277
Author(s):  
Ping Tang ◽  
Jing Liu ◽  
Min Wei Song ◽  
Hai Ping Yu ◽  
Xu Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Room Temperature ◽  
Potassium Ferricyanide ◽  
Process Conditions ◽  
Leaching Rate ◽  
Gold Leaching ◽  
Solid Ratio ◽  
Leaching Process ◽  
Refractory Gold ◽  
Object Of Study ◽  
High Arsenic

The traditional gold leaching method is cyanidation, which carries serious security and environmental problems. More and more attention is paid to the research on non-cyanide process. A high-arsenic-and-sulphur refractory gold concentrate in Sichuan was taken as the object of study. After the roasting-oxidation pretreatment of the sample, potassium ferricyanide was adopted to carry on the process experiment on gold-leaching. The leaching results as well as correlative process conditions were both investigated. The results showed that good leaching effects could be achieved by potassium ferricyanide. When the amount of potassium ferricyanide was 60g/L, the concentration of NaOH 0.2mol/L, the liquid-solid ratio 6:1 and the leaching process at room temperature lasted for 20h, the gold leaching rate reached 88.1%. If the leaching aid CaO2 is added simultaneously, it can contribute to the gold leaching. When the amount of CaO2 was 3g/L, the gold leaching rate increased to more than 94%, the amount of potassium ferricyanide decreased to 50g/L and the leaching time reduced to 14h.

Microwave alkaline roasting-water dissolving process for germanium extraction from zinc oxide dust and its analysis by response surface methodology (RSM)

2017 ◽  
Vol 115 (2) ◽  
pp. 203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wankun Wang ◽  
Fuchun Wang ◽  
Fanghai Lu
Keyword(s):  
Zinc Oxide ◽  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Microwave Heating ◽  
Heating Temperature ◽  
Process Conditions ◽  
Good Prospect ◽  
Solid Ratio ◽  
Roasting Process ◽  
Optimized Conditions

Microwave alkaline roasting-water dissolving process was proposed to improve the germanium (Ge) extraction from zinc oxide (ZnO) dust. The effects of important parameters were investigated and the process conditions were optimized using response surface methodology (RSM). The Ge extraction is consistent with the linear polynomial model type. Alkali-material ratio, microwave heating temperature and leaching temperature are the significant factors for this process. The optimized conditions are obtained as follows, alkali-material ratio of 0.9 kg/kg, aging time of 1.12 day, microwave heating at 658 K for 10 min, liquid–solid ratio of 4.31 L/kg, leaching temperature at 330 K, leaching time of 47 min with the Ge extraction about 99.38%. It is in consistence with the predictive value of 99.31%. Compared to the existed alkaline roasting process heated by electric furnace in literature, the alkaline roasting temperature and holding time. It shows a good prospect on leaching Ge from ZnO dust with microwave alkaline roasting-water dissolving process.

scholarly journals Developing Magnetic Material for Remediation of Aquatic Nitrogen Pollution in Water Facilities

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Guocheng Zhu ◽  
Junming Chen
Keyword(s):  
Removal Rate ◽  
Disinfection Byproducts ◽  
Organic Polymer ◽  
Good Effect ◽  
Systematic Research ◽  
Secondary Effluent ◽  
Potential Threat ◽  
Adsorption Effect ◽  
Combined Use ◽  
Drinking Water Purification

Natural organic matter affect water environmental security and posed a potential threat to human health, and thus it has long been considered as a key index to evaluate water treatment performance. Dissolved organic nitrogen is one of the NOM, which produces some disinfection byproducts having more toxic than those carbon-based materials. Coagulation is a key unit of drinking water purification and has received wide attention. However, conventional flocculation technology on removal of DON is so poor that we have to seek more effective improving measurement. The combined use of conventional flocculant and organic polymer can improve treatment efficiency to a certain extent, and enhanced coagulation can also improve the DON removal rate, but their DON removal performance is still not dreamful. At present, there is a lack of systematic research on flocculation to remove DON. Although some achievements have been made, there is still a big gap between the preparation technology of flocculant and the goal of efficient removal of DON in water.For treatment of secondary effluent of industrial wastewater, some studies show that the use of Fe3O4 mainly has the effect of accelerating separation, but the adsorption effect is not good. However, with the synergistic flocculation of amino functionalized Fe3O4 it has a good effect on removing water protein, polysaccharide and humic acid, which can meet the water quality discharge standard and reduce the dosage of flocculant. The above results show that functional nanoparticle materials are of great significance to improve the adsorption and flocculation performance. Therefore, the functional modification of magnetic nanoparticles plays an important role.

Process Optimization of Hemicelluloses Lye Extraction from Sugarcane Bagasse

2012 ◽  
Vol 581-582 ◽  
pp. 1206-1212 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Jun Wang ◽  
Xin Liang Liu ◽  
Meng Ling Weng ◽  
Zhou Jun Li ◽  
Fu Sheng Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Extraction Yield ◽  
Process Conditions ◽  
Liquid Ratio ◽  
Solid Ratio ◽  
Surface Method ◽  
Alkali Consumption ◽  
Effects Of Temperature ◽  
Solid Liquid

Sugarcane bagasses were used as raw materials to produce the hemicelluloses, and the effects of temperature, alkali consumption, time and liquid to solid ratio on the extraction yield of hemicelluloses were investigated. Through the analysis of the response surface method, results were concluded that the best extraction process conditions were as follows: NaOH concentration 10.60%, extraction time 4.34 h, solid-liquid ratio 1:40.59, actual extraction rate is 31.486%, corresponding to the model prediction 31.4447% basically.

Relationship between Structure and Properties of High Tenacity Polyamide 6 upon Different Draw Ratios and Heat Styling Temperatures

2012 ◽  
Vol 627 ◽  
pp. 67-75
Author(s):  
Chao Yang ◽  
Yong Kai Zhou ◽  
Hua Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Significant Role ◽  
Draw Ratio ◽  
Polyamide 6 ◽  
Good Effect ◽  
Process Conditions ◽  
Essential Property ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Structure And Property ◽  
Beneficial Impact ◽  
Moisture Property

This paper has studied the structure and property of high tenacity polyamide 6 upon different draw ratios and heat styling temperature process conditions, characterized with wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD), sound velocity method, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, amino-terminated content determination and essential property texts such as the absorption of moisture and dyeing. It was demonstrated that increasing the draw ratio (DR) and heat styling temperature were conducive to crystal-to-crystal transformation and stabilizing the internal structure of fibers. The temperature played a significant role in orientation of high tenacity polyamide 6, particularly subjected to a higher heat styling temperature, owing to its thermo plasticity. And increasing the draw ratio and heat styling temperature were both conducive to the tensile property, but little beneficial impact on moisture property. The high tenacity polyamide 6 exert a good effect on absorption of moisture and acid dye, and for dyeing the effects of hydrogen-bond as well as the van der Waals’ force play a significant role in dye pickup, especially in the high tenacity polyamide 6 upon different draw ratios.

Process Optimization and Characterizations of Enzyme-Extracted and Acid-Extracted Collagen from Scale of Bighead Carp

2015 ◽  
Vol 727-728 ◽  
pp. 21-24
Author(s):  
Min Li ◽  
Liu Meng Chen ◽  
Bo Quan Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Citric Acid ◽  
Type I Collagen ◽  
Uv Spectra ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Extraction Time ◽  
Bighead Carp ◽  
Process Conditions ◽  
Type I ◽  
Citric Acid Concentration ◽  
Solid Ratio

Collagen is an important biomedical material. Enzyme (papain) extracted collagen (EEC) and acid (citric acid) extracted collagen (AEC) were isolated from the scale of bighead carp. The process conditions of EEC and AEC were optimized, by orthogonal test method , to be: liquid/solid ratio 20 mL/g, extraction time 48 min, papain concentration 9.52×10-5 mol/L, temperature 28°C for EEC and liquid/solid ratio 20 mL/g, extraction time 36 min, citric acid concentration 0.5 mol/L, temperature 28°C for AEC.Under the optimal conditions the maximum extraction rates were 31.20% for EEC and 9.22% for AEC, respectively. Both EEC and AEC were characterized basically as type I collagen by UV spectra, infrared spectra and amino acid compositions.

scholarly journals Adsorption of As(III), Pb(II), and Zn(II) from Wastewater by Sodium Alginate Modified Materials

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Hongchuan Li ◽  
Rui Jin ◽  
Hongxiang Hu ◽  
Yusef Kianpoor Kalkhajeh ◽  
Yingying Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Alginate ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Isothermal Adsorption ◽  
Adsorption Models ◽  
Freundlich Model ◽  
Solid Ratio ◽  
Composite Gel ◽  
Pseudo Second Order

Sodium alginate (SA), polyvinyl oxide (PEO), and ceramic nanomaterials were used to prepare alginate composite gel. The present study examined the removal rate and adsorption capacity of alginate composite gel for removal of wastewater As(III), Pb(II), and Zn(II). Batch experiments were conducted to study the influence of experimental parameters such as pH and temperature, as well as the mechanism of As(III), Pb(II), and Zn(II) adsorption with the new adsorbent. The results showed the high efficiency of sodium alginate composite gel for removal of wastewater As(III), Pb(II), and Zn(II). Under the condition of the best liquid-solid ratio and the contact time, the removal rates of As(III), Pb(II), and Zn(II) were 67.42%, 95.31%, and 93.96%, respectively. The pseudo-second-order kinetic equation was superior to fit the adsorption kinetics process. The isothermal adsorption models of As(III) and Pb(II) fitted well with the Freundlich model, and Zn(II) fitted well with the Langmuir model. The results of SEM, EDS, XPS, and FTIR analyses revealed that the adsorption process occurred mainly via chemisorption. The results of the present study suggest that new adsorbents can be effectively utilized for As(III), Pb(II), and Zn(II) removal from water.

scholarly journals Synthesis of a functional biomass lignin-based hydrogel with high swelling and adsorption of Acid Red 73

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuxia Wei ◽  
Wu Chen ◽  
Zhiming Tong ◽  
Nan Jiang ◽  
Mijia Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Single Molecule ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Structure And Properties ◽  
Sodium Lignosulfonate ◽  
Isothermal Adsorption ◽  
Adsorption Effect ◽  
Initial Concentration

Abstract In this study, sodium lignosulfonate (LS) was used as raw material, acrylamide (AM) and acryloyloxye thyltrimethyl ammonium chloride (DAC) as monomers, and N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide (MBA) as cross-linking agent, the potassium persulfate (KPS)/tetramethylethyl enediamine (TEMED) as oxidation/ reduction initiation system. Synthesis of a functional biomass terpolymer lignin-based hydrogel adsorbent (LAD) with excellent adsorption properties by free radical graft copolymerization. The structure and properties of the prepared LAD were characterized by FT-IR and SEM, and the relationship between structure and properties was studied. The effects of solution pH, adsorption time, hydrogel dosage, initial concentration of dye and temperature on the adsorption of AR 73 by LAD were investigated. LAD adsorbed AR 73 solution with initial concentration of 100mg/L for 2h to reach equilibrium, with equilibrium adsorption capacity and adsorption rate of 47.59mg/g and 95.18%, respectively. The prepared LAD hydrogel has good swelling and deswelling properties, the swelling ratio of water absorption for 2h was 25g/g, and the water loss rate of 120 min in ethanol solvent was 93.51%. The adsorption of AR 73 by LAD was consistent with the Langmuir isothermal adsorption model. It was single-molecule adsorption with a maximum adsorption capacity of 409.84mg/g. The adsorption was a process of spontaneous heat release and entropy reduction.The adsorption kinetics was in accordance with Pseudo-second-order kinetic equation, and the adsorption activation energy was 2.501 kJ/moL. In addition, the mechanism of adsorption is mainly electrostatic, and there are also comprehensive effects of physical, chemical adsorption and hydrogen bond.The LAD hydrogel adsorbent has a significant adsorption effect on AR 73, and can be used as an efficient and recyclable biomass adsorbent for the treatment of anionic dye wastewater.

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