Effect of Process Parameters on Continuous Nanofiber Yarn Using Two Oppositely Charged Spinnerets

2013 ◽  
Vol 821-822 ◽  
pp. 32-35
Author(s):  
Xiao E Wang ◽  
Wei Jie Gao ◽  
Kun Wang ◽  
Yong Liu ◽  
Jie Fan
Keyword(s):  
Process Parameters ◽  
Applied Voltage ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Electrospinning Technique ◽  
Nanofiber Yarn ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Good Potential ◽  
Oppositely Charged

Nanofiber nonwoven has been used in many fields due to the high surface area to volume ratio of the nanofibers and other extremely excellent properties. Nanofiber yarn, which is composed of long nanofiber with some twists for expanding nanofibers application, has been a challenging. A continuous nanofiber yarn was fabricated by a electrospinning technique with two oppositely charged spinnerets system in this work. The effect of process parameters such as applied voltage, the distance and the angle between the two spinnerets were examined in detail. The optimum parameters obtained included that the applied voltage was ±16kV, the distance and the angle between the two spinnerets were 8cm and 120o respectively. The nanofiber yarn has good potential applications in textile, medical, and biology.

scholarly journals RE-Based Inorganic-Crystal Nanofibers Produced by Electrospinning for Photonic Applications

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (10) ◽  
pp. 2679
Author(s):  
Alessandra Toncelli
Keyword(s):  
Rare Earth ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Rare Earth Ions ◽  
Polymer Materials ◽  
Electrospinning Technique ◽  
Rare Earth Doped

Electrospinning is an effective and inexpensive technique to grow polymer materials in nanofiber shape with exceptionally high surface-area-to-volume ratio. Although it has been known for about a century, it has gained much interest in the new millennium thanks to its low cost and versatility, which has permitted to obtain a large variety of multifunctional compositions with a rich collection of new possible applications. Rare-earth doped materials possess many remarkable features that have been exploited, for example, for diode pumped bulk solid-state lasers in the visible and near infrared regions, or for biomedical applications when grown in nanometric form. In the last few decades, electrospinning preparation of rare-earth-doped crystal nanofibers has been developed and many different materials have been successfully grown. Crystal host, crystal quality and nanosized shape can deeply influence the optical properties of embedded rare earth ions; therefore, a large number of papers has recently been devoted to the growth and characterization of rare earth doped nanofibers with the electrospinning technique and an up-to-date review of this rapidly developing topic is missing; This review paper is devoted to the presentation of the main results obtained in this field up to now with particular insight into the optical characterization of the various materials grown with this technique.

Role of Block Copolymers in Tissue Engineering Applications

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Sairish Malik ◽  
Subramanian Sundarrajan ◽  
Tanveer Hussain ◽  
Ahsan Nazir ◽  
Seeram Ramakrishna
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Block Copolymers ◽  
Microphase Separation ◽  
High Surface ◽  
Engineering Application ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Tissue Engineering Application ◽  
Electrospinning Technique ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Broad Variety

Research on synthesis, characterization, and understanding of novel properties of nanomaterials has led researchers to exploit their potential applications. When compared to other nanotechnologies described in the literature, electrospinning has received significant interest due to its ability to synthesize novel nanostructures (such as nanofibers, nanorods, nanotubes, etc.) with distinctive properties such as high surface-to-volume ratio, porosity, various morphologies such as fibers, tubes, ribbons, mesoporous and coated structures, and so on. Various materials such as polymers, ceramics, and composites have been fabricated using the electrospinning technique. Among them, polymers, especially block copolymers, are one of the useful and niche systems studied recently owing to their unique and fascinating properties in both solution and solid state due to thermodynamic incompatibility of the blocks, that results in microphase separation. Morphology and mechanical properties of electrospun block copolymers are intensely influenced by quantity and length of soft and hard segments. They are one of the best studied systems to fit numerous applications due to a broad variety of properties they display upon varying the composition ratio and molecular weight of blocks. In this review, the synthesis, fundamentals, electrospinning, and tissue engineering application of block copolymers are highlighted.

DEVELOPMENT OF ELECTROSPUN POLY(VINYLPYRROLIDONE) (PVP) NANOFIBER MATS LOADED BY CALENDULA OFFICINALIS EXTRACT AND COENZYME Q10

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanja Rackov ◽  
◽  
Aleksandra Nešić ◽  
Milan Vraneš ◽  
Branka Pilić
Keyword(s):  
Coenzyme Q10 ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Calendula Officinalis ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Electrospinning Technique ◽  
Polymer Carrier ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Electrospun systems can be applied to various areas, particularly in biomedicine for skin treatment. The fabricated nanofibers represent an interconnected three-dimensional network with a high surface area to volume ratio providing structural and morphological similarities with the extracellular matrix. Hence, facilitate the removal of exudates, promote gaseous exchange, conform to the contour of the treated area and in the case of drug-loaded nanofibers resulting in improved bioavailability. Polyvinylpyrrolidone was selected as a polymer carrier due to its biocompatible, hydrophilic nature with good chemical and mechanical properties, approved by the U.S. FDA (Food and Drug Administration) as a safe polymer for biomedical and food applications. Calendula officinalis or Marigold extract is one of the oldest medical plants with numerous proven pharmacological effects including anti-inflammatory, antibacterial/antifungal and wound healing activity related to the components of the flowers such as sesquiterpenes, saponins, triterpenes, flavonoids. Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10, Ubiquinone) is a naturally occurring oil-soluble antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent that supports collagen production, mostly popularized as an anti-aging ingredient in skincare products for topical use. Novel Marigold extract and CoQ10–loaded polyvinylpyrrolidone nanofibers intended for skin treatment and wound therapy were developed using the electrospinning technique. The presence of functional groups on the nanofibrous surfaces was confirmed by FTIR analysis, the SEM images show the average size of the obtained nanomats and the thermal properties were investigated via DSC analysis.

scholarly journals NANOFIBRAS ELETROFIADAS E SUAS APLICAÇÕES: AVANÇOS NA ÚLTIMA DÉCADA

Química Nova ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luiza Mercante ◽  
Rafaela Andre ◽  
Juliana Macedo ◽  
Adriana Pavinatto ◽  
Daniel Correa
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Electrospun Nanofibers ◽  
Electrospinning Technique ◽  
Structures And Properties ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Simple Processing

ELECTROSPUN NANOFIBERS AND THEIR APPLICATIONS: ADVANCES IN THE LAST DECADE. In recent years there has been an increasing interest in the development of nanomaterials with improved properties compared to their counterparts at the micro- and macroscopic scale. In this context, nanofibers obtained by electrospinning technique are highly attractive due to the unique combination of high surface area/volume ratio, porosity, flexibility, mechanical performance, simple processing and relatively low cost. In addition, the possibility to buildup nanofibers with different compositions, structures and properties allows the design of nanostructures for a wide range of applications. In this review, we will discuss the advances of the last decade in the use of the electrospinning to obtain nanofibers with different compositions and morphologies for varied applications. Specifically, we are interested in providing an overview of the state of the art in relation to the application of nanofibers in different areas, including healthcare, environment, sensing and energy. Finally, we will discuss the real perspective in terms of industrial application and future trends that have been pursued to improve the performance of electrospun nanofibers. This review will help researchers to understand the evolution and challenges of the area and will also stimulate even more interest in the development of new devices based on electrospun nanofibers

Activated carbon from molasses efficiency for Cr(VI), Pb(II) and Cu(II) adsorption: A mechanistic study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chem Int
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Phosphoric Acid ◽  
Sugar Industry ◽  
Chemical Activation ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Mechanistic Study ◽  
Acid Mixture ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Good Potential

Activated carbon was prepared from molasses, which are natural precursors of vegetable origin resulting from the sugar industry. A simple elaboration process, based on chemical activation with phosphoric acid, was proposed. The final product, prepared by activation of molasses/phosphoric acid mixture in air at 500°C, presented high surface area (more than 1400 m2/g) and important maximum adsorption capacity for methylene blue (625 mg/g) and iodine (1660 mg/g). The activated carbon (MP2(500)) showed a good potential for the adsorption of Cr(VI), Cu(II) and Pb(II) from aqueous solutions. The affinity for the three ions was observed in the following order Cu2+ Cr6+ Pb2+. The process is governed by monolayer adsorption following the Langmuir model, with a correlation coefficient close to unity.

scholarly journals Electrospun Nanofibers for Sensing and Biosensing Applications—A Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (12) ◽  
pp. 6357
Author(s):  
Kinga Halicka ◽  
Joanna Cabaj
Keyword(s):  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Toxic Metal ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Electrospun Nanofibers ◽  
Clinical Diagnostics ◽  
Loading Capacity ◽  
Electrospun Nanofiber ◽  
Sensing Platforms ◽  
Different Types

Sensors and biosensors have found applications in many areas, e.g., in medicine and clinical diagnostics, or in environmental monitoring. To expand this field, nanotechnology has been employed in the construction of sensing platforms. Because of their properties, such as high surface area to volume ratio, nanofibers (NFs) have been studied and used to develop sensors with higher loading capacity, better sensitivity, and faster response time. They also allow to miniaturize designed platforms. One of the most commonly used techniques of the fabrication of NFs is electrospinning. Electrospun NFs can be used in different types of sensors and biosensors. This review presents recent studies concerning electrospun nanofiber-based electrochemical and optical sensing platforms for the detection of various medically and environmentally relevant compounds, including glucose, drugs, microorganisms, and toxic metal ions.

scholarly journals Design Considerations for Borehole Thermal Energy Storage (BTES): A Review with Emphasis on Convective Heat Transfer

Geofluids ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helge Skarphagen ◽  
David Banks ◽  
Bjørn S. Frengstad ◽  
Harald Gether
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Thermal Energy Storage ◽  
Theoretical Calculations ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Thermal Recovery ◽  
Conductive Heat ◽  
Geological Environment

Borehole thermal energy storage (BTES) exploits the high volumetric heat capacity of rock-forming minerals and pore water to store large quantities of heat (or cold) on a seasonal basis in the geological environment. The BTES is a volume of rock or sediment accessed via an array of borehole heat exchangers (BHE). Even well-designed BTES arrays will lose a significant quantity of heat to the adjacent and subjacent rocks/sediments and to the surface; both theoretical calculations and empirical observations suggest that seasonal thermal recovery factors in excess of 50% are difficult to obtain. Storage efficiency may be dramatically reduced in cases where (i) natural groundwater advection through the BTES removes stored heat, (ii) extensive free convection cells (thermosiphons) are allowed to form, and (iii) poor BTES design results in a high surface area/volume ratio of the array shape, allowing high conductive heat losses. The most efficient array shape will typically be a cylinder with similar dimensions of diameter and depth, preferably with an insulated top surface. Despite the potential for moderate thermal recovery, the sheer volume of thermal storage that the natural geological environment offers can still make BTES a very attractive strategy for seasonal thermal energy storage within a “smart” district heat network, especially when coupled with more efficient surficial engineered dynamic thermal energy stores (DTES).

scholarly journals Metal-Organic Framework-Based Engineered Materials—Fundamentals and Applications

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (7) ◽  
pp. 1598 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tahir Rasheed ◽  
Komal Rizwan ◽  
Muhammad Bilal ◽  
Hafiz M. N. Iqbal
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Metal Organic Framework ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Co2 Reduction ◽  
Biological Species ◽  
Crystalline Materials ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Metal Organic ◽  
Catalytic Chemistry

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are a fascinating class of porous crystalline materials constructed by organic ligands and inorganic connectors. Owing to their noteworthy catalytic chemistry, and matching or compatible coordination with numerous materials, MOFs offer potential applications in diverse fields such as catalysis, proton conduction, gas storage, drug delivery, sensing, separation and other related biotechnological and biomedical applications. Moreover, their designable structural topologies, high surface area, ultrahigh porosity, and tunable functionalities all make them excellent materials of interests for nanoscale applications. Herein, an effort has been to summarize the current advancement of MOF-based materials (i.e., pristine MOFs, MOF derivatives, or MOF composites) for electrocatalysis, photocatalysis, and biocatalysis. In the first part, we discussed the electrocatalytic behavior of various MOFs, such as oxidation and reduction candidates for different types of chemical reactions. The second section emphasizes on the photocatalytic performance of various MOFs as potential candidates for light-driven reactions, including photocatalytic degradation of various contaminants, CO2 reduction, and water splitting. Applications of MOFs-based porous materials in the biomedical sector, such as drug delivery, sensing and biosensing, antibacterial agents, and biomimetic systems for various biological species is discussed in the third part. Finally, the concluding points, challenges, and future prospects regarding MOFs or MOF-based materials for catalytic applications are also highlighted.

Biological weathering in soil: the role of symbiotic root-associated fungi biosensing minerals and directing photosynthate-energy into grain-scale mineral weathering

2008 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. R. Leake ◽  
A. L. Duran ◽  
K. E. Hardy ◽  
I. Johnson ◽  
D. J. Beerling ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Allocation ◽  
High Surface ◽  
Turgor Pressure ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Mineral Weathering ◽  
Mycorrhizal Associations ◽  
P Content ◽  
Biological Weathering

AbstractBiological weathering is a function of biotic energy expenditure. Growth and metabolism of organisms generates acids and chelators, selectively absorbs nutrient ions, and applies turgor pressure and other physical forces which, in concert, chemically and physically alter minerals. In unsaturated soil environments, plant roots normally form symbiotic mycorrhizal associations with fungi. The plants provide photosynthate-carbohydrate-energy to the fungi in return for nutrients absorbed from the soil and released from minerals. In ectomycorrhiza, one of the two major types of mycorrhiza of trees, roots are sheathed in fungus, and 15—30% of the net photosynthate of the plants passes through these fungi into the soil and virtually all of the water and nutrients taken up by the plants are supplied through the fungi. Here we show that ectomycorrhizal fungi actively forage for minerals and act as biosensors that discriminate between different grain sizes (53—90 μm, 500—1000 μm) and different minerals (apatite, biotite, quartz) to favour grains with a high surface-area to volume ratio and minerals with the highest P content. Growth and carbon allocation of the fungi is preferentially directed to intensively interact with these selected minerals to maximize resource foraging.

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