The Influence of Hot Pressing Temperatures in Needle Punching Nonwoven

2014 ◽  
Vol 910 ◽  
pp. 279-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ching Wen Lou ◽  
Ya Lan Hsing ◽  
Wen Hao Hsing ◽  
Jia Horng Lin
Keyword(s):  
Hot Pressing ◽  
Textile Industry ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Fiber Material ◽  
Air Permeability ◽  
Polyester Fiber ◽  
Woven Fabric ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Pressing Temperature

Non-woven textile industry in an emerging field, with the process short, high yield, low cost and wide source of raw materials, but also has excellent performance of many functions on, making non-woven over the past half century gained textiles attention and consumers of all ages. The proportion of the world of non-woven fiber material used in the product, 85% in rayon ,and the other 15% in natural fibers, polyester fibers which accounted for the largest proportion of use. The experiment uses a low melting point polyester fiber (LPET) 20%, three-dimensional hollow curly polyester fiber (TPET) and recycled far infrared fiber (REPET) 40% each as the basic conditions change pressing temperature 100 °C-140 °C, in order to observe and compare the effects of temperature on the non-woven fabric, this experiment tests including air permeability, tensile strength testing, infrared testing and SEM, respectively in different hot pressing temperature, each of the non-woven hot pressing temperatures sample go through microscopic to analysis for non-woven with the hot temperatures strong reason to improve or decline with hot temperature of air permeability.

scholarly journals Design of Low-Cost and High-Strength Titanium Alloys Using Pseudo-Spinodal Mechanism through Diffusion Couple Technology and CALPHAD

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 2910
Author(s):  
Chaoyi Ding ◽  
Chun Liu ◽  
Ligang Zhang ◽  
Di Wu ◽  
Libin Liu
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Couple ◽  
Titanium Alloys ◽  
High Throughput ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
High Strength ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Α Phase ◽  
Cr System

The high cost of development and raw materials have been obstacles to the widespread use of titanium alloys. In the present study, the high-throughput experimental method of diffusion couple combined with CALPHAD calculation was used to design and prepare the low-cost and high-strength Ti-Al-Cr system titanium alloy. The results showed that ultra-fine α phase was obtained in Ti-6Al-10.9Cr alloy designed through the pseudo-spinodal mechanism, and it has a high yield strength of 1437 ± 7 MPa. Furthermore, application of the 3D strength model of Ti-6Al-xCr alloy showed that the strength of the alloy depended on the volume fraction and thickness of the α phase. The large number of α/β interfaces produced by ultra-fine α phase greatly improved the strength of the alloy but limited its ductility. Thus, we have demonstrated that the pseudo-spinodal mechanism combined with high-throughput diffusion couple technology and CALPHAD was an efficient method to design low-cost and high-strength titanium alloys.

scholarly journals Fabrication of (SiC-AlN)/ZrB2 Composite with Nano-Micron Hybrid Microstructure via PCS-Derived Ceramics Route

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 334
Author(s):  
Aidong Xia ◽  
Jie Yin ◽  
Xiao Chen ◽  
Zhengren Huang ◽  
Xuejian Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Grain Size ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Hot Pressing ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Secondary Phase ◽  
Pressing Temperature ◽  
Xrd Pattern ◽  
Mean Grain Size ◽  
The Mean

In this work, a (SiC-AlN)/ZrB2 composite with outstanding mechanical properties was prepared by using polymer-derived ceramics (PDCs) and hot-pressing technique. Flexural strength reached up to 460 ± 41 MPa, while AlN and ZrB2 contents were 10 wt%, and 15 wt%, respectively, under a hot-pressing temperature of 2000 °C. XRD pattern-evidenced SiC generated by pyrolysis of polycarbosilane (PCS) was mainly composed by 2H-SiC and 4H-SiC, both belonging to α-SiC. Micron-level ZrB2 secondary phase was observed inside the (SiC-AlN)/ZrB2 composite, while the mean grain size (MGS) of SiC-AlN matrix was approximately 97 nm. This unique nano-micron hybrid microstructure enhanced the mechanical properties. The present investigation provided a feasible tactic for strengthening ceramics from PDCs raw materials.

scholarly journals The Effects of rural income project on silk exports and livelihood of smallholder producers in Gatsibo District, Rwanda

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abiola Ogunlusi ◽  
Olanrewaju Olaniyan
Keyword(s):  
Textile Industry ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Continuous Training ◽  
Cocoon Production ◽  
Income Status ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Smallholder Producers

Abstract Sericulture has been seen in Rwanda as an opportunity for increasing raw materials for the textile industry. Therefore, it has provided a new source of income, reduced unemployment and most likely to improve the livelihood status of poor sericulture smallholder producers by increasing their income earnings. The high yield in silk production has been pleasing due to the favourable climatic conditions for mulberry cultivation, sericulture has been seen as a potential tool to reduce poverty and also to generate foreign exchanges from exportation. The broad objective of this paper focuses on the impact of the livelihood status of smallholder producers in Rwanda. Purposive and simple random sampling techniques were employed in selecting 286 sericulture households’ farmers in Gatsibo district. Data for this study were analysed using descriptive statistics, inferential statistics, paired-samples t-test, cross-tabulation and chi-square test of independence. The results of this study showed clearly a significant improvement in the livelihood of the farmers. It was gathered that 82% asserted there are organized markets available for silk exportation. 77% affirmed an improvement in their income status. The average level of income per year from cocoon production among the farmers was estimated to be $ 227.59. It is of topmost priority for this program to continue because its effect has a very positive impact on the livelihood status of the beneficiaries. Farmers should be provided with continuous training, access to credits. If sustained properly it will resolve future challenges and springs more opportunities for farmers and likewise to the country through exports.

scholarly journals The Effects of rural income project on silk exports and livelihood of smallholder producers in Gatsibo District, Rwanda.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abiola Ogunlusi ◽  
Olanrewaju Olaniyan
Keyword(s):  
Textile Industry ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Continuous Training ◽  
Cocoon Production ◽  
Income Status ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Smallholder Producers

Abstract Sericulture has been seen in Rwanda as an opportunity for increasing raw materials for the textile industry. Therefore, it has provided a new source of income, reduced unemployment and most likely to improve the livelihood status of poor sericulture smallholder producers by increasing their income earnings. The high yield in silk production has been pleasing due to the favourable climatic conditions for mulberry cultivation, sericulture has been seen as a potential tool to reduce poverty and also to generate foreign exchanges from exportation. The broad objective of this paper focuses on the impact of the livelihood status of smallholder producers in Rwanda. Purposive and simple random sampling techniques were employed in selecting 286 sericulture households’ farmers in Gatsibo district. Data for this study were analysed using descriptive statistics, inferential statistics, paired-samples t-test, cross-tabulation and chi-square test of independence. The results of this study showed clearly a significant improvement in the livelihood of the farmers. It was gathered that 82% asserted there are organized markets available for silk exportation. 77% affirmed an improvement in their income status. The average level of income per year from cocoon production among the farmers was estimated to be $227.59. It is of topmost priority for this program to continue because its effect has a very positive impact on the livelihood status of the beneficiaries. Farmers should be provided with continuous training, access to credits. If sustained properly it will resolve future challenges and springs more opportunities for farmers and likewise to the country through exports.

SiC Platelets Synthesized by Powder-Heating Technique

2007 ◽  
Vol 336-338 ◽  
pp. 939-941
Author(s):  
Yong Qiang Meng ◽  
Zhi Min Bai ◽  
Chang Hong Dai ◽  
Bao Bao Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Silicon Carbide ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
Carbon Black ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Average Diameter ◽  
New Method ◽  
Conventional Heating ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Sio2 Powder

A new method for producing silicon carbide platelets with low cost and high yield was introduced. The silicon carbide platelets were synthesized by powder-heating techniques with carbon black and SiO2 powder as raw materials and CoCl2 as catalyst. The starting mixtures were heated at a temperature in the range of 1800-2000°C for the duration of about 2-4h to produce substantially completely unagglomerated silicon carbide platelets with a thickness of 5-20μm and the average diameter of 50-200μm. Compared to the conventional heating, the powder-heating technique is advantageous of less investment on equipment, easy to manufacture and convenient to operate. Furthermore, it is very suitable for realizing the scaled production because of the lower synthesizing temperature, shorter reaction time and greater output.

scholarly journals The Effects of rural income project on silk exports and livelihood of smallholder producers in Gatsibo District, Rwanda.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abiola Ogunlusi ◽  
Olanrewaju Olaniyan
Keyword(s):  
Textile Industry ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Continuous Training ◽  
Cocoon Production ◽  
Income Status ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Smallholder Producers

Abstract Sericulture has been seen in Rwanda as an opportunity for increasing raw materials for the textile industry. Therefore, it has provided a new source of income, reduced unemployment and most likely to improve the livelihood status of poor sericulture smallholder producers by increasing their income earnings. The high yield in silk production has been pleasing due to the favourable climatic conditions for mulberry cultivation, sericulture has been seen as a potential tool to reduce poverty and also to generate foreign exchanges from exportation. The broad objective of this paper focuses on the impact of the livelihood status of smallholder producers in Rwanda. Purposive and simple random sampling techniques were employed in selecting 286 sericulture households’ farmers in Gatsibo district. Data for this study were analysed using descriptive statistics, inferential statistics, paired-samples t-test, cross-tabulation and chi-square test of independence. The results of this study showed clearly a significant improvement in the livelihood of the farmers. It was gathered that 82% asserted there are organized markets available for silk exportation. 77% affirmed an improvement in their income status. The average level of income per year from cocoon production among the farmers was estimated to be $227.59. It is of topmost priority for this program to continue because its effect has a very positive impact on the livelihood status of the beneficiaries. Farmers should be provided with continuous training, access to credits. If sustained properly it will resolve future challenges and springs more opportunities for farmers and likewise to the country through exports.

High-Yield Direct Synthesis of Mg2FeH6 from the Elements by Reactive Milling

2011 ◽  
Vol 170 ◽  
pp. 259-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Rodrigo Leiva ◽  
André Castro De Souza Villela ◽  
Carlos de Oliveira Paiva-Santos ◽  
Daniel Fruchart ◽  
Salvatore Miraglia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Direct Synthesis ◽  
Intermetallic Phase ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Processing Parameters ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Reactive Milling ◽  
Complex Hydrides ◽  
Important Processing

Magnesium complex hydrides as Mg2FeH6 are interesting phases for hydrogen storage in the solid state, mainly due to its high gravimetric and volumetric densities of H2. However, the synthesis of this hydride is not trivial because the intermetallic phase Mg2Fe does not exist and Mg and Fe are virtually immiscible under equilibrium conditions. In this study, we have systematically studied the influence of the most important processing parameters in reactive milling under hydrogen (RM) for Mg2FeH6 synthesis: milling time, ball-to-powder weight ratio (BPR), hydrogen pressure and type of mill. Low cost 2Mg-Fe mixtures were used as raw materials. An important control of the Mg2FeH6 direct synthesis by RM was attained. In optimized combinations of the processing parameters, very high proportions of the complex hydride could be obtained.

Medical Nonwovens: Effects of Radiation Sterilization on Bursting Strength

2020 ◽  
Vol 869 ◽  
pp. 101-106
Author(s):  
Reseda Y. Galimzyanova ◽  
Maria S. Lisanevich ◽  
Elvina R. Rakhmatullina ◽  
Yuri N. Khakimullin
Keyword(s):  
Textile Industry ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Tensile Load ◽  
Absorbed Dose ◽  
Radiation Sterilization ◽  
Bursting Strength ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Effects Of Radiation ◽  
Medical Material

The production of nonwovens over the past few years remains one of the most promising areas in the textile industry. This is due to the short cycle of production of such materials from raw materials to finished products and the ability to produce at a low cost a wide range of materials for both household and technical use. In particular, non-woven materials are widely used for the manufacture of disposable medical clothing and underwear. An important characteristic for surgical clothing is an indicator of bursting strength. This study simulates material deformation similar to elbow pressure when bending the arms or knee when bending the legs. Since the lower part of the sleeve of the product refers to the critical zone of the product, i.e. to the zone most likely to be involved in the transfer of infectious pathogens to or from the wound, the sterile product must have a significant margin of bursting strength. The effect of the absorbed dose of electronic radiation on the strength during the bursting strength of nonwoven medical material of SMS design with a surface density of 35 and 50 g/m2 obtained using the spanmelt technology was studied. It is shown that electronic radiation significantly reduces the resistance of the nonwoven to bursting strength. With an absorbed dose of 40 kGy, the material no longer meets the requirements for surgical clothing and linen by regulatory documents. For non-woven materials obtained using spanmelt technology, the bursting strength rate is even more sensitive to the action of ionizing radiation than the tensile tensile load, therefore, this indicator is recommended to be used as a characteristic indicator of radiation resistance.

scholarly journals Two Step and Direct Fermentation in the Production of Ethanol from Starch: A Short Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Endah Retno Dyartanti ◽  
Margono Margono ◽  
Anisa Raditya Nurohmah ◽  
Shofirul Sholikhatun Nisa ◽  
Novan Riantosa
Keyword(s):  
Ethanol Production ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Short Review ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Direct Production ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Ph Range ◽  
Direct Fermentation

Ethanol as a renewable fuel has been widely produced in various countries. One source of raw material for producing ethanol is starch. The process of producing ethanol from starch needs to be pretreated so that starch molecules can split into smaller ones. However, this process requires pre-treatment which will expensive more than ethanol from sugar. There are two types of pretreatment i.e. two-step ethanol production and direct fermentation. There is two kind of hydrolysis, acid hydrolysis, and enzymatic hydrolysis. Two-step ethanol production is a conventional method that separates pretreatment and fermentation process, while direct fermentation is the direct production of starch into ethanol using recombinant yeast that co-produces enzymes such as amylose and glucoamylase. Two-step ethanol production has the advantage of high yield but needs high cost whereas, direct fermentation has the advantage of low-cost production but needs longer time. Common starch to ethanol production consists of two stages, namely hydrolysis of raw materials into glucose and fermentation into ethanol. Both of these processes can be run on average at temperatures of 30-80<sup>o</sup>C with a pH range of 4-6 and varying time intervals. The enzyme used depends on the source of the starch, but the most commonly used is <em>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</em>.

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