Extrusion Modeling of Solid Plug Flow of Co-Rotating Twin Screw Pulping Extruder

2010 ◽  
Vol 97-101 ◽  
pp. 240-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao Yang Shen ◽  
Ping Wang ◽  
Shao Gang Liu
Keyword(s):  
Power Consumption ◽  
Axial Force ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Plug Flow ◽  
Solid Material ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Static Balance ◽  
Balance Principle ◽  
Twin Screw ◽  
Important Design

In order to calculate important design parameters, screw axial force and power consumption of twin screw pulping extruder (TSPE), considering actions of the solid material plug in reverse thread of the TSPE and according to static balance principle, an extrusion model including plug flowing and shearing in reverse thread is proposed in the paper. Based on the model, screw axial force, screw torque, power consumption and flow rate can be derived. When changing thread lead numbers or slot width on the flight of the reverse thread, theoretical calculating results and testing results are better consistent.

Development of a Latching Valve for Micro-Chem-Lab™

1999 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Channy Wong ◽  
Douglas R. Adkins ◽  
Ronald P. Manginell ◽  
Gregory C. Frye-Mason ◽  
Peter J. Hesketh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Consumption ◽  
Gas Phase ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Integrated System ◽  
Dead Volume ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Working Fluid ◽  
Driving Voltage ◽  
Magnetic Actuation ◽  
Phase Detection

Abstract An integrated microsystem to detect traces of chemical agents (μChemLab™) is being developed at Sandia for counter-terrorism and nonproliferation applications. This microsystem has two modes of operation: liquid and gas phase detection. For the gas phase detection, we are integrating these critical components: a preconcentrator for sample collection, a gas chromatographic (GC) separator, a chemically selective flexural plate wave (FPW) array mass detector, and a latching valve onto a single chip. By fabricating these components onto a single integrated system (μChemLab™ on a chip), the advantages of reduced dead volume, lower power consumption, and smaller physical size can be realized. In this paper, the development of a latching valve will be presented. The key design parameters for this latching valve are: a volumetric flow rate of 1 mL/min, a maximum hold-off pressure of 40 kPa (6 psi), a relatively low power, and a fast response time. These requirements have led to the design of a magnetically actuated latching relay diaphragm valve. Magnetic actuation is chosen because it can achieve sufficient force to effectively seal against back pressure and its power consumption is relatively low. The actuation time is rapid, and valve can latch in either an open or closed state. A corrugated parylene membrane is used to separate the working fluid from internal components of the valve. Corrugations in the parylene ensure that the diaphragm presents minimum resistance to the actuator for a relativley large deflection. Two different designs and their performance of the magnetic actuation have been evaluated. The first uses a linear magnetic drive mechanism, and the second uses a relay mechanism. Preliminary results of the valve performance indicates that the required driving voltage is about 10 volts, the measured flow rate is about 50 mL/min, and it can hold off pressure of about 5 psi (34 kPa). Latest modifications of the design show excellent performance improvements.

scholarly journals Removal of Pb(II) Ions in Fixed-Bed Column from Electroplating Wastewater of Bursa, an Industrial City in Turkey

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Ali Kara ◽  
Gökhan Ekrem Üstün ◽  
Seval Kutlu Akal Solmaz ◽  
Emel Demirbel
Keyword(s):  
Flow Rate ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Poly Ethylene Glycol ◽  
Fixed Bed Column ◽  
Electroplating Wastewater ◽  
Industrial City ◽  
Bed Height ◽  
Poly Ethylene ◽  
Important Design

Removal of Pb(II) ions from electroplating wastewater of Bursa, an industrial city in Turkey, was investigated in fixed-bed column. The experiments were conducted to study the effect of important design parameters such as column bed height and flow rate. The breakthrough profiles were obtained in these studies. At a bed height of 14 cm and flow rate of 6 mL/min, the metal-uptake capacity of poly(ethylene glycol dimethacrylate-1-vinylimidazole) [poly(EGDMA-VIM)] beads for Pb(II) ions was found to be 90 mg/g. Bed Depth Service Time (BDST) model was used to analyse the experimental data and evaluate the performance of adsorption column. For various flow rates, adsorption capacity per unit bed volume (N0) and adsorption rate constant (ka) are in the range of 2370–3560 mg/mL and 0.0225–0.0616 L/mg h, respectively. The saturated column was easily regenerated by 0.1 M HNO3and the poly(EGDMA-VIM) beads in fixed-bed column could be reused for Pb(II) ions removal.

Aminopyridine modified Spirulina platensis biomass for chromium(VI) adsorption in aqueous solution

2016 ◽  
Vol 74 (4) ◽  
pp. 914-926 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gulay Bayramoglu ◽  
Aydin Akbulut ◽  
M. Yakup Arica
Keyword(s):  
Flow Rate ◽  
Spirulina Platensis ◽  
Algal Biomass ◽  
Continuous System ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Maximum Sorption Capacity ◽  
Chromium Vi ◽  
Maximum Sorption ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Important Design

Chemical modification of Spirulina platensis biomass was realized by sequential treatment of algal surface with epichlorohydrin and aminopyridine. Adsorptive properties of Cr(VI) ions on native and aminopyridine modified algal biomass were investigated by varying pH, contact time, ionic strength, initial Cr(VI) concentration, and temperature. FTIR and analytical analysis indicated that carboxyl and amino groups were the major functional groups for Cr(VI) ions adsorption. The optimum adsorption was observed at pH 3.0 for native and modified algal biomasses. The adsorption capacity was found to be 79.6 and 158.7 mg g−1, for native and modified algal biomasses, respectively. For continuous system studies, the experiments were conducted to study the effect of important design parameters such as flow rate and initial concentration of metal ions, and the maximum sorption capacity was observed at a flow rate of 50 mL h−1, and Cr(VI) ions concentration 200 mg L−1 with modified biomass. Experimental data fitted a pseudo-second-order equation. The regeneration performance was observed to be 89.6% and 94.3% for native and modified algal biomass, respectively.

Multi-objective optimization of squirrel cage fan for range hood based on Kriging model

2021 ◽  
pp. 095440622199586
Author(s):  
Qianhao Xiao ◽  
Jun Wang ◽  
Boyan Jiang ◽  
Weigang Yang ◽  
Xiaopei Yang
Keyword(s):  
Flow Rate ◽  
Optimization Design ◽  
Volume Flow Rate ◽  
Kriging Model ◽  
Volume Flow ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Multi Objective Optimization ◽  
Nsga Ii ◽  
Multi Objective ◽  
Squirrel Cage

In view of the multi-objective optimization design of the squirrel cage fan for the range hood, a blade parameterization method based on the quadratic non-uniform B-spline (NUBS) determined by four control points was proposed to control the outlet angle, chord length and maximum camber of the blade. Morris-Mitchell criteria were used to obtain the optimal Latin hypercube sample based on the evolutionary operation, and different subsets of sample numbers were created to study the influence of sample numbers on the multi-objective optimization results. The Kriging model, which can accurately reflect the response relationship between design variables and optimization objectives, was established. The second-generation Non-dominated Sorting Genetic algorithm (NSGA-II) was used to optimize the volume flow rate at the best efficiency point (BEP) and the maximum volume flow rate point (MVP). The results show that the design parameters corresponding to the optimization results under different sample numbers are not the same, and the fluctuation range of the optimal design parameters is related to the influence of the design parameters on the optimization objectives. Compared with the prototype, the optimized impeller increases the radial velocity of the impeller outlet, reduces the flow loss in the volute, and increases the diffusion capacity, which improves the volume flow rate, and efficiency of the range hood system under multiple working conditions.

scholarly journals A Mathematical Model for Swallowing of Concentrated Fluids in Oesophagus

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 309-321 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. K. Pandey ◽  
Dharmendra Tripathi
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Plug Flow ◽  
Flow Region ◽  
Mechanical Efficiency ◽  
Casson Fluid ◽  
Local Pressure ◽  
Integral Number ◽  
Tomato Puree ◽  
The Impact

This model investigates particularly the impact of an integral and a non-integral number of waves on the swallowing of food stuff such as jelly, tomato puree, soup, concentrated fruits juices and honey transported peristaltically through the oesophagus. The fluid is considered as a Casson fluid. Emphasis is on the study of the dependence of local pressure distribution on space and time. Mechanical efficiency, reflux limit and trapping are also discussed. The effect of Casson fluid vis-à-vis Newtonian fluid is investigated analytically and numerically too. The result is physically interpreted as that the oesophagus makes more efforts to swallow fluids with higher concentration. It is observed that the pressure is uniformly distributed when an integral number of waves is there in the oesophagus; but it is non-uniform when a non-integral number of waves is present therein. It is further observed that as the plug flow region widens, the pressure difference increases, which indicates that the averaged flow rate will reduce for a Casson fluid. It is also concluded that Casson fluids are more prone to reflux.

3D Flow Simulation of a Twin-Screw Pump for the Analysis of Gap Flow Characteristics

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Hassannejadmoghaddam ◽  
Boris Kutschelis ◽  
Frank Holz ◽  
Tomas Börjesson ◽  
Romuald Skoda
Keyword(s):  
Flow Rate ◽  
Volume Flow Rate ◽  
Overset Grid ◽  
3D Flow ◽  
Screw Pump ◽  
Pump Performance ◽  
Gap Flow ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Twin Screw ◽  
Pump Head

Abstract Unsteady 3D flow simulations on a twin-screw pump are performed for an assessment of the radial, circumferential and flank gap flow effect on the pump performance. By means of the overset grid technique rigid computational grids around the counter-rotating spindles yield a high cell quality and a high spatial resolution of the gap backflow down to the viscous sublayer in terms of y^+ < 1 . An optimization of the hole-cutting process is performed on a generic gap flow and transferred to the complex moving gaps in the pump. Grid independence is ensured, and conservation properties of the overset grid interpolation technique are assessed. Simulation results are validated against measured pump characteristics. Pump performance in terms of pressure build-up along the flow path through the spindles and volume flow rate is presented for a wide range of spindle speed and pump head. Flow rate fluctuations are found to depend on head but hardly on speed. By a profound assessment of the respective radial, circumferential and flank gap contribution to the total backflow, the importance of the most complex flank gap is pointed out. Backflow rate characteristics in dependence on the pump head and the pump speed are presented.

Partial Admission, Axial Impulse Type Turbine Design and Partial Admission Radial Turbine Test for SCO2 Cycle

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyungki Shin ◽  
Junhyun Cho ◽  
Young-Jin Baik ◽  
Jongjae Cho ◽  
Chulwoo Roh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Axial Force ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Volume Flow Rate ◽  
Small Diameter ◽  
Volume Flow ◽  
Working Fluid ◽  
Rotating Speed ◽  
Turbo Generator ◽  
Partial Admission ◽  
Reduce Development Time

Power generation cycle — typically Brayton cycle — to use CO2 at supercritical state as working fluid have been researched many years because this cycle increase thermal efficiency of cycle and decrease turbomachinery size. But small turbomachinery make it difficult to develop proto type Supercritical Carbon dioxide (S-CO2) cycle equipment of lab scale size. KIER (Korea Institute of Energy Research) have been researched S-CO2 cycle since 2013. This paper is about 60kWe scale and sub-kWe class turbo generator development for applying to this S-CO2 cycle at the lab scale. A design concept of this turbo-generator is to use commercially available components so as to reduce development time and increase reliability. Major problem of SCO2 turbine is small volume flow rate and huge axial force. High density S-CO2 was referred as advantage of S-CO2 cycle because it make small turbomachinery possible. But this advantage was not valid in lab-scale cycles under 100kW because small amount volume flow rate means high rotating speed and too small diameter of turbine to manufacture it. Also, high inlet and outlet pressure make huge axial force. To solve these problem, KIER have attempt various turbines. In this paper, these attempts and results are presented and discussed.

The Optimum Groove Geometry for Spiral Groove Viscous Pumps

1990 ◽  
Vol 112 (2) ◽  
pp. 409-414 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuichi Sato ◽  
Kyosuke Ono ◽  
Akihiko Iwama
Keyword(s):  
Differential Equation ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Groove Width ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Width Ratio ◽  
Maximum Pressure ◽  
Spiral Groove ◽  
Clearance Ratio ◽  
Viscous Pump ◽  
Outflow Rate

The optimum geometries of disk and cylindrical sprial groove viscous pumps to provide the maximum pressure or flow rate are investigated theoretically. The geometrical design parameters, such as the groove angle, groove to ridge clearance ratio, groove width ratio and ridge clearance ratio, are considered as functions of meridional coordinate. Results are obtained from the solution of a differential equation for the smoothed overall pressure distribution of a spiral groove viscous pump. It is found that outflow rate increases with the increase of groove to ridge clearance ratio λ, and that for each value of λ there exist “optimum” values of groove angle and groove width ratio, which give a maximum outflow rate. However, the increase of λ decreases the ridge clearance.

Optimization of a Raw Water Source Heat Pump for a Vertical Water Treatment Building

2015 ◽  
Vol 23 (01) ◽  
pp. 1550002
Author(s):  
Sunhee Oh ◽  
Yong Cho ◽  
Rin Yun
Keyword(s):  
Power Consumption ◽  
Electric Power ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Storage Tank ◽  
Water Flow Rate ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Thermal Storage ◽  
Electric Power Consumption ◽  
Air Flow Rate ◽  
Circulating Water

The optimum operation conditions of a raw water source heat pump for a vertical water treatment building were derived by changing operation parameters, such as temperature of thermal storage tank, temperature and inlet air flow rate of the conditioned spaces, and circulating water flow rate between thermal storage tank and air handling unit (AHU) through dynamic simulator of a transient system simulation program (TRNSYS). Minimum electric power consumption was found at temperature of thermal storage tank, which was ranged 18–23°C for cooling season. In heating season, temperature 40–45°C brings the highest coefficient of performance (COP) and temperature range of 30–35°C brings the lowest power consumption. When the temperature of the conditioned spaces was controlled between 27–28°C for cooling season, and 18–20°C for heating season the minimum electric power consumption was obtained. Inlet air flow rate of 1.1 m3/h for the conditioned spaces shows the highest performance of the present system, and effects of circulating water flow rate between thermal storage tank and AHU on minimum electric power consumption of the system were negligible.

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