Effect of Recycled Particle Size to Micro-Hardness Properties of Styrene Acrylonitrile

2016 ◽  
Vol 368 ◽  
pp. 154-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vojtech Šenkeřík ◽  
Michal Stanek ◽  
David Manas ◽  
Miroslav Maňas ◽  
Adam Škrobák ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Research Paper ◽  
Dust Particles ◽  
Original Material ◽  
Micro Hardness ◽  
Large Particles ◽  
Effect Of Particle Size ◽  
Styrene Acrylonitrile ◽  
Recycled Material

The aim of this research paper is to study the effect of particle size of recycled material on the micro harness. Valuation of recycled material effect takes place in several mixtures of materials. These mixtures differ in particle size, which are made during grinding of plastic waste, from large particles similar to the original material to dust particles. The recycled material is always the same as is the original material. Tested material is styrene acrylonitrile SAN. Testing is performed at ambient temperature of 23°C. After the first recycling there is a change of hardness; which decrease mostly in mixture with the smallest particles.

The Behaviour of Recycled Material with Particles of Various Sizes of Polyamide 6 to Micro Hardness

2015 ◽  
Vol 662 ◽  
pp. 225-228
Author(s):  
Vojtech Senkerik ◽  
Michal Stanek ◽  
David Manas ◽  
Miroslav Manas ◽  
Adam Skrobak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Size Variation ◽  
Polyamide 6 ◽  
Melting Rate ◽  
Dust Particles ◽  
Micro Hardness ◽  
Large Particles ◽  
Plastic Parts ◽  
Recycled Material

Every manufacture of any plastic parts produces some waste, such as defective injects or cold runner system from injection molding technology. This waste can be directly used several times. But when size of this material is reduced, particles of different sizes are made. From large particles similar to the original granulate material, to dust particles. This size variation can cause problems during subsequent processing. These particles of different size have distinct melting rate. That can cause an inhomogeneity of a melt and diverse structure of solidified polymer. This research paper studies the influence of the particle size of recycled polymeric material on the micro harness properties of semi-crystalline polyamide 6 at room temperature.

Size Effect of Recycled Material to Tensile Properties of PC

2014 ◽  
Vol 1025-1026 ◽  
pp. 278-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vojtech Senkerik ◽  
Michal Stanek ◽  
David Manas ◽  
Miroslav Manas ◽  
Adam Skrobak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Tensile Test ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Dust Particles ◽  
Original Material ◽  
Material Degradation ◽  
Material Parameters ◽  
Effect Of Particle Size ◽  
Mechanical Tensile ◽  
Recycled Material

The aim of this research paper is to study the effect of particle size of recycled polymeric material to mechanical tensile properties. During grinding particles are formed which have a different size, shape and surface, from larger pieces to dust particles. During processing these particles melt at different rates depending on their size. For example they can cause material degradation or lack of melt homogeneity. Several recycled mixtures were prepared that had differed particle size after crushing. The recycled material is always the same as is the original material. The studied material was a Polycarbonate. Testing was performed using a tensile test. When comparing a virgin polycarbonate with recycled mixtures, the particle size of the recycled material affects some of the material parameters quite substantially, but it had no effect on some other properties.

Study of Tensile Properties of Recycled Polypropylene with Glass Fibers at Different Temperature

2017 ◽  
Vol 756 ◽  
pp. 11-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vojtech Senkerik ◽  
Michal Stanek ◽  
Martin Ovsik ◽  
Lenka Hylova
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Preparation Method ◽  
Glass Fibers ◽  
Dust Particles ◽  
Original Material ◽  
Recycled Polypropylene ◽  
Large Particles ◽  
Small Dust ◽  
Recycled Material ◽  
Reinforcing Filler

This research paper studies the influence of preparation method of recycled polymer material with glass fibers on the tensile properties of the final product. The recycled material was made from polypropylene, which originally contained 30 % of glass fibers. It was divided into fractions using size of the crushed particles. These fractions ranged from large particles, similar to the original material, to small dust particles. Measurements were performed at various temperatures. It was found that the mixture of dust particles showed a large decrease in measured properties. It is mainly due to shortening of the large glass fibers, so that it no longer fulfills its function as reinforcing filler. Conversely, mixture with larger particles did not show a significant decrease in properties compared to the original material.

Effect of Particle Size of Recycled Polyamide 6 to Impact Toughness and Hardness

2015 ◽  
Vol 752-753 ◽  
pp. 300-303 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vojtech Senkerik ◽  
Michal Stanek ◽  
David Manas ◽  
Miroslav Manas ◽  
Adam Skrobak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Impact Toughness ◽  
Size Variation ◽  
Polyamide 6 ◽  
Melting Rate ◽  
Dust Particles ◽  
Hardness Tests ◽  
Effect Of Particle Size ◽  
Plastic Parts ◽  
Recycled Material

This work aims to investigate the effect of recycled material and effect of particle size on the mechanical properties of the recycled material. Tested material is polyamide 6. Every manufacture of any plastic parts produces certain amount of waste, such as defective injects or cold runner system from injection molding technology. When size of this material is reduced, particles of different sizes are made. From large particles similar to the original granulate material, to dust particles. This size variation can cause problems during subsequent processing. These particles of different size have distinct melting rate. To determine behavior of recycled material at room temperature. Impact toughness and hardness tests are performed.

scholarly journals Streaming instability of multiple particle species in protoplanetary disks

2018 ◽  
Vol 618 ◽  
pp. A75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noemi Schaffer ◽  
Chao-Chin Yang ◽  
Anders Johansen
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Protoplanetary Disks ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Stokes Number ◽  
Dust Particles ◽  
Particle Sizes ◽  
Particle Species ◽  
Streaming Instability ◽  
Large Particles

The radial drift and diffusion of dust particles in protoplanetary disks affect both the opacity and temperature of such disks, as well as the location and timing of planetesimal formation. In this paper, we present results of numerical simulations of particle-gas dynamics in protoplanetary disks that include dust grains with various size distributions. We have considered three scenarios in terms of particle size ranges, one where the Stokes number τs = 10−1−100, one where τs = 10−4−10−1, and finally one where τs = 10−3−100. Moreover, we considered both discrete and continuous distributions in particle size. In accordance with previous works we find in our multispecies simulations that different particle sizes interact via the gas and as a result their dynamics changes compared to the single-species case. The larger species trigger the streaming instability and create turbulence that drives the diffusion of the solid materials. We measured the radial equilibrium velocity of the system and find that the radial drift velocity of the large particles is reduced in the multispecies simulations and that the small particle species move on average outwards. We also varied the steepness of the size distribution, such that the exponent of the solid number density distribution, dN∕da ∝ a−q, is either q = 3 or q = 4. Overall, we find that the steepness of the size distribution and the discrete versus continuous approach have little impact on the results. The level of diffusion and drift rates are mainly dictated by the range of particle sizes. We measured the scale height of the particles and observe that small grains are stirred up well above the sedimented midplane layer where the large particles reside. Our measured diffusion and drift parameters can be used in coagulation models for planet formation as well as to understand relative mixing of the components of primitive meteorites (matrix, chondrules and CAIs) prior to inclusion in their parent bodies.

APPARENT FEED PARTICLE SIZE PREFERENCE BY BROILERS

1988 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 923-930 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. J. PORTELLA ◽  
L. J. CASTON ◽  
S. LEESON
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Chemical Analysis ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Disappearance Rate ◽  
Large Particles ◽  
Effect Of Particle Size ◽  
Size Preference

Broiler chicks of different ages were used to study particle size disappearance and the effect of particle size on feed intake. The disappearance of particles larger than 1.18 mm was obvious at all ages. However, it was noticed that at 8 and 16 d disappearance of particles between > 1.18 mm and < 2.36 mm was most pronounced. As birds became older, disappearance rate was greatest for particles > 2.36 mm. Throughout a 24-h period, particle breakdown was noted. Birds did eat these smaller particles at the end of a 24-h period, especially when the concentration of large particles was reduced. Chemical analysis revealed that birds selected material on the basis of particle size, since nutrient composition of the diet and of different diet fractions did not change throughout the day. Changing particle size abruptly from crumbles to pellets did not adversely affect overall feed consumption (P > 0.05) or bird performance. Key words: Broiler, particle size preference, crumbles, pellets

The effect of particle size of superphosphate on the availability of its phosphorus and sulphur to pasture plants

1969 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 265 ◽  
Author(s):  
CH Williams ◽  
J Lipsett
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
High Capacity ◽  
Subterranean Clover ◽  
Plant Response ◽  
Affected Plant ◽  
Large Particles ◽  
Effect Of Particle Size ◽  
Pasture Plants

In glasshouse experiments, the responses of plants to the phosphorus and sulphur in top-dressed superphosphate were affected by its particle size. On four soils, yields of subterranean clover differed by 12–25% owing to differences in particle size of applied superphosphate. Both rate of solution and spatial distribution of the fertilizer affected plant response. Under non-leaching conditions, the sulphur in large particles of superphosphate was always less available than that in fine. The phosphorus in large particles was slightly less available when superphosphate was applied to soils of low, or moderate, capacities to sorb phosphate but more available when applied to a soil of high capacity to sorb phosphate.Pastures would probably respond better to granulated superphosphate than to normal on sulphur-deficient soils subject to strong leaching, or on soils of high capacity to sorb phosphate. On many soils, however, no difference would be expected, and on some sulphur-deficient soils the granulated product may even be inferior in some seasons.

Inkjet printable silver dispersions: Effect of bimodal particle-size distribution on film formation and electrical conductivity

2010 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 821-827 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krishna Balantrapu ◽  
Meaghan McMurran ◽  
Dan V. Goia
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Particle Size ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Film Formation ◽  
Small Particles ◽  
Silver Films ◽  
On Demand ◽  
Drop On Demand ◽  
Large Particles ◽  
Effect Of Particle Size

Inks containing silver nanoparticles of 12 nm, 80 nm, and a 15%/85% mixture of the two sizes were used to evaluate the effect of particle size and size distribution on the electrical properties of sintered films. The silver layers deposited with a “drop-on-demand” inkjet printer were heated at temperatures ranging from 125 to 200 °C. The small particles formed less resistive films at 125 °C, while the larger ones provided better electrical conductivity above 150 °C. The inks containing mixed small and large particles yielded the most conductive silver films over the entire investigated temperature range. A mechanism explaining these results is proposed based on the evolution of film microstructure with temperature.

Behavior of Recycled Polypropylene with Glass Fibers at Different Temperature and their Charpy Impact and Hardness Properties

2018 ◽  
Vol 919 ◽  
pp. 136-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vojtech Senkerik ◽  
Michal Stanek ◽  
Martin Ovsik
Keyword(s):  
Glass Fibers ◽  
Charpy Impact ◽  
Hardness Test ◽  
Charpy Impact Test ◽  
Dust Particles ◽  
Original Material ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Waste Particles ◽  
Recycled Polymer ◽  
Recycled Material

The aim of this paper is to investigate the behavior of the recycled polymer containing the filler. The recycled polymer under investigation is polypropylene with a glass fiber filler. During grinding of plastic waste particles are formed which have a different size, shape and surface, from larger pieces to dust particles. Several recycled mixtures were made, all from original material. Samples with different particle size of recycled material were subsequently tested by mechanical testing. Included tests were Charpy impact test and Shore hardness test. Testing was conducted at different temperatures; ambient 23 °C and increased temperatures 60 ° and 100 °C. The results show a very large effect on Charpy properties and a lesser influence on the hardness of these mixtures. Mixture of smallest dust particles indicates larges change of measured properties.

Influence of particle size and surface charge on critical flux of crossflow microfiltration

1998 ◽  
Vol 38 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 481-488 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Y. Kwon ◽  
S. Vigneswaran
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Ionic Strength ◽  
Membrane Surface ◽  
Transmembrane Pressure ◽  
Dense Layer ◽  
Critical Flux ◽  
Large Particles ◽  
Effect Of Particle Size ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Crossflow Microfiltration

The effect of particle size and ionic strength of the feed suspension on critical flux was studied. The critical flux was defined in two different ways (strong and mild definition). The fouling, the increase of resistance (which is the basis of the mild definition of the critical flux) was relatively sensitive to the deposition of particles of 0.46 μm on the membrane of 0.2 μm mean pore. On the other hand, the deposition of large particles of 3.2 μm to a certain value on the membrane surface of 0.2 μm mean pore did not lead to the increase in resistance. In case of 11.9 μm particles, the transmembrane pressure did not increase even with significant amount of deposition of particles. The ionic strength of suspension had significant effect on the critical flux. For an ionic strength less than 1×10−1.5 M, there was a decrease in the critical flux. This could be due to the dense layer of deposit which is the result of less diffuse layer thickness of particles. Above this ionic strength, a significant increase in critical flux was noticed which may be due to the aggregation of particles.

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