Study on the Friction Factor and High-Temperature Friction Resistance of Semi-Metal Frictional Materials

2016 ◽  
Vol 693 ◽  
pp. 629-637 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yue Wang ◽  
Yuan Kang Zhou ◽  
Hua Wei Nie
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Decomposition ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Friction Factor ◽  
Friction Stress ◽  
Friction Resistance ◽  
Cashew Nut ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Cashew Nut Shell ◽  
Functional Components

The orthogonal experimental study is carried out to study the Incorporation of different proportion of functional components and the effect on tribological performance among semi-metallic friction materials. A test is conducted for each sample on XXD-MSM constant speed tester in accordance with Brake Linings for Automobiles (GB5763-2008). The friction factor and high-temperature abrasion resistance properties are evaluated along with the obtaining of optimal formula, and the mechanism of affecting the tribological properties is analyzed on the worn surfaces by using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The study results indicate that the high-temperature friction stability could be deeply affected by the adequate content of steel fiber, Kevlar pulp, potassium hexatitanate whisker and cashew nut shell. The mechanism of High-temperature tribological behaviors are the thermal decompositions. The thermal decomposition of organic matter might greatly weakened the bonding effect. The thermal decomposition of tribo-film fall off as lamellar chip under the effect of friction stress. The addition level of nanoparticles is 3%, the sample’s tensile strength, tensile strength, hardness index and noise level are better. If the modified resin is further applied, this formula can be close to the index of excellent Chinese industrial product JF04-20.

PREPARATION AND PROPERTIES OF CASHEW NUT SHELL LIQUID-BASED COMPOSITE REINFORCED BY COCONUT SHELL PARTICLES

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (04) ◽  
pp. 1850174 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. UDHAYASANKAR ◽  
B. KATHIKEYAN
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Coconut Shell ◽  
Cashew Nut Shell Liquid ◽  
Particle Content ◽  
Cashew Nut ◽  
Cashew Nut Shell ◽  
Shell Particles ◽  
Scanning Electron

This study concentrates more on biocomposite as a matrix, a derivative of Cashew Nut Shell Liquid (CNSL), and its development of Cardanol Resin (CR), along with coconut shell Particle (CSP) as a filler, obliging the environmental concerns as a mandatory one due to the pressure from the consumer, which forces manufacturing sector to seek some other alternative, as lucrative one is for betterment of the humanity also, thereby such sophistication of “green” composite with much potential application can easily thrive on. In this mix, the particle size (25, 50 and 75[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]m) and particle loading (0, 10, 20, 30 and 40%) on the CR were reinforced with CSP polymer matrix through compression molding. This is the assessed impact of morphological Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), while particles load on mechanical properties such as tensile strength, flexural strength, impact strength and the hardness. They can also see the absorption of water. While doing so, it has been clearly observed that the tensile strength and flexural strength values expanded up to 30% of particle content, for all particle sizes of the particles and afterward, we could note that it diminished for higher particle content. Experimental results indicated that the maximum tensile strength and flexural strength of 30% of CSP/CR composite increase for 25, 50 and 75[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]m by 31, 25 and 19% with that of 46, 37 and 27%, respectively, as compared with those of neat CR. The expansion of CSP in composite expanded the hardness and the % of water absorption. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) of the composite surfaces demonstrates that there are genuinely better interfacial connection and appropriation between coconut shell particles and CR matrix.

Experimental Research on the performance of HIGH temperature bearing steel Cr4Mo4V

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zenan Chu ◽  
Qiang He
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Friction Coefficient ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Hardness Test ◽  
Surface Friction ◽  
Bearing Steel ◽  
Metallographic Analysis ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Friction Resistance

Background:: The Cr4Mo4V steel is widely used in high temperature bearings because of its excellent high temperature performance. According to the research status of Cr4Mo4V at home and abroad, this paper explores its mechanical properties and friction properties at high temperatures. Objective:: To characterize the composition, microstructure and properties of Cr4Mo4V steel and to explore its tensile properties, hardness and friction properties at high temperature. Methods: Many methods are adopted, such as chemical element analysis, metallographic analysis, hardness test, tensile test, damping test, friction test and so on. Results: The microstructure of Cr4Mo4V is tempered martensite. The hardness and maximum tensile strength of Cr4Mo4V decrease with temperature increasing. The grain of the Cr4Mo4V steel after heating gets refined and the grain boundary increases. At room temperature, the surface friction coefficient and wear rate of Cr4Mo4V steel decreases. Moreover, Cr4Mo4V steel-ceramic ball shows the best friction resistance. At high temperature, the friction coefficient and the wear of Cr4Mo4V steel firstly decrease with temperature increasing and then increase sharply at 200°C. Conclusion: With the increase of temperature, the hardness, breaking force and tensile strength of Cr4Mo4V bearing steel decrease, whereas the friction property increases. By analyzing the three-dimensional morphology of different wear samples, the optimal working temperature of Cr4Mo4V steel for bearing is 200°C.

Effect of Phenol-CNSL Formaldehyde Copolymer on Thermal Ageing of NBR

2005 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 201-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Mary Lubi ◽  
Eby Thomas Thachil
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Phenol Formaldehyde ◽  
Renewable Resource ◽  
Thermal Ageing ◽  
Cashew Nut Shell Liquid ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Tear Strength ◽  
Cashew Nut ◽  
Aging Properties ◽  
Cashew Nut Shell

Cashew nut shell liquid (CNSL) is a cheap agro-by-product and renewable resource which consists mainly of substituted phenols. A CNSL based resin was used in this study to modify the aging properties of butadiene-acrylonitrile rubber (NBR). The resin was a copolymer obtained by condensing a mixture of phenol and CNSL with hexamethylene tetramine. The effect of the resin on the ageing of NBR vulcanizates was studied by following changes in tensile strength, elongation at break, modulus and tear strength. Resins with different phenol/formaldehyde ratios and CNSL/phenol ratios were incorporated into NBR and the physical properties determined. Comparison of the properties of the aged material containing the CNSL resin with those of specimens not containing the resin show improved ageing characteristics with respect to tensile strength, modulus and tear strength.

INFLUENCE OF FORCED CONVECTION IN LIQUID INSIDE THE TIN ON DURATION OF STERILIZATION IN THE COURSE OF FISH PROCESSING

2017 ◽  
pp. 137-144
Author(s):  
Gennadiy Valentinovich Alexeev ◽  
Elena Igorevna Verboloz
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Liquid Phase ◽  
Forced Convection ◽  
Thermal Process ◽  
Processing Time ◽  
Fish Processing ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Equipment Modernization ◽  
Bottom To Top

The article focuses on the process of intensive mixing of liquid phase in the tin during high-temperature sterilization, i.e. sterilization when temperature of the heat carrier reaches 150-160°C. It has been stated that for intensification of the thermal process during sterilization of tinned fish with liquid filling it is preferable to turn a tin from bottom to top. This operation helps to increase the driving power of the process and to shorten warming time. Besides, high-temperature sterilization carried out according to experimental modes, where the number of tin turnovers is calculated, greatly shortens processing time and improves quality of the product. In this case there is no superheating, all tins are evenly heated. The study results will contribute to equipment modernization and to preserving valuable food qualities.

VASCO 9-4-20

Alloy Digest ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 46 (10) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Ultimate Tensile Strength ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
High Tensile Strength ◽  
Temperature Performance

Abstract Vasco 9-4-20 (0.20 wt% C) is a premium quality aircraft steel that combines high tensile strength with good fracture toughness. It is a heat-treatable alloy capable of developing an ultimate tensile strength greater than 190 ksi. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, and tensile properties as well as fracture toughness. It also includes information on high temperature performance as well as heat treating, machining, and joining. Filing Code: SA-489. Producer or source: Vasco, An Allegheny Teledyne Company.

VASCOMAX T-300

Alloy Digest ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 39 (12) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Vacuum Arc ◽  
Vacuum Induction Melting ◽  
Induction Melting ◽  
Vacuum Arc Remelting ◽  
Temperature Performance

Abstract VASCOMAX T-300 is an 18% nickel maraging steel in which titanium is the primary strengthening agent. It develops a tensile strength of about 300,000 psi with simple heat treatment. The alloy is produced by Vacuum Induction Melting/Vacuum Arc Remelting. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, and tensile properties as well as fracture toughness. It also includes information on high temperature performance as well as forming, heat treating, machining, and joining. Filing Code: SA-454. Producer or source: Teledyne Vasco.

ATI 6-2-4-2

Alloy Digest ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 69 (8) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Titanium Alloy ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Creep Strength ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Good Combination ◽  
Long Term Stability ◽  
Temperature Performance

Abstract ATI 6-2-4-2 is a near-alpha, high strength, titanium alloy that exhibits a good combination of tensile strength, creep strength, toughness, and long-term stability at temperatures up to 425 °C (800 °F). Silicon up to 0.1% frequently is added to improve the creep resistance of the alloy. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, and tensile properties as well as creep. It also includes information on high temperature performance as well as forming, heat treating, machining, and joining. Filing Code: Ti-169. Producer or Source: ATI.

scholarly journals Application of a cashew-based oxime in extracting Ni, Mn and Co from aqueous solution

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chi M. Phan ◽  
Son A. Hoang ◽  
Son H. Vu ◽  
Hoang M. Nguyen ◽  
Cuong V. Nguyen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Phase ◽  
Extraction Efficiency ◽  
Acidic Solution ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Metal Extraction ◽  
Economic Potential ◽  
Cashew Nut ◽  
Valuable Metals ◽  
Loaded Organic Phase ◽  
Cashew Nut Shell

Abstract Background Cashew nut shell is a by-product of cashew (Anacardium occidentale) production, which is abundant in many developing countries. Cashew nut shell liquor (CNSL) contains a functional chemical, cardanol, which can be converted into a hydroxyoxime. The hydroxyoximes are expensive reagents for metal extraction. Methods CNSL-based oxime was synthesized and used to extract Ni, Co, and Mn from aqueous solutions. The extraction potential was compared against a commercial extractant (LIX 860N). Results All metals were successfully extracted with pH0.5 between 4 and 6. The loaded organic phase was subsequently stripped with an acidic solution. The extraction efficiency and pH0.5 of the CNSL-based extractant were similar to a commercial phenol-oxime extractant. The metals were stripped from the loaded organic phase with a recovery rate of 95% at a pH of 1. Conclusions Cashew-based cardanol can be used to economically produce an oxime in a simple process. The naturally-based oxime has the economic potential to sustainably recover valuable metals from spent lithium-ion batteries. Graphic abstract

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document