On the Development and Characterization of Rheological and Mechanical Properties of Polylactide Blends with Polybutylene Adipate Terephthalate

2020 ◽  
Vol 850 ◽  
pp. 118-123
Author(s):  
Arturs Eriks Nesaule ◽  
Elina Didrihsone ◽  
Remo Merijs-Meri ◽  
Oskars Grigs ◽  
Jānis Zicāns
Keyword(s):  
Polymer Blend ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Impact Resistance ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Research Cycle ◽  
Twin Screw ◽  
First Results

Within the current report the first results of the upcoming multi-stage research cycle on the development of high-performance environmentally friendly PLA/PBAT blend based composite materials are presented. Development and basic characterization of PLA/PBAT blends at various wt.-to-wt. ratios of the base polymeric components is performed. Rheological properties of PLA and PBAT have been investigated by means of rotational viscometry to define the optimal blending parameters. PLA/PBAT blends have been obtained by using twin-screw extrusion. Structural features of the obtained polymer blend compositions have been revealed by means of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Crystallization behavior of the obtained polymer blend compositions have been characterized by means of differential scanning calorimetry. Thermal stability of the obtained polymer blend compositions has been studied by using thermogravimetric analysis. Mechanical behavior of the obtained polymer blend compositions has been studied by means of both quasistatic (in respects to tensile and flexural properties) and dynamic tests (impact resistance).

Mechanical and thermal characterization of grafted PP-NCC nanocomposites

2019 ◽  
pp. 089270571987822
Author(s):  
Saud Aldajah ◽  
Mohammad Y Al-Haik ◽  
Waseem Siddique ◽  
Mohammad M Kabir ◽  
Yousef Haik
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Interfacial Adhesion ◽  
Thermal Characterization ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
Screw Extruder ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Three Point Bending ◽  
Twin Screw ◽  
Thermal Stability Of

This study reveals the enhancement of mechanical and thermal properties of maleic anhydride-grafted polypropylene (PP- g-MA) with the addition of nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC). A nanocomposite was manufactured by blending various percentages of PP, MA, and NCC nanoparticles by means of a twin-screw extruder. The influence of varying the percentages of NCC on the mechanical and thermal behavior of the nanocomposite was studied by performing three-point bending, nanoindentation, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy tests. The novelty of this study stems on the NCC nanoparticles and their ability to enhance the mechanical and thermal properties of PP. Three-point bending and nanoindentation tests revealed improvement in the mechanical properties in terms of strength, modulus, and hardness of the PP- g-MA nanocomposites as the addition of NCC increased. SEM showed homogeneity between the mixtures which proved the presence of interfacial adhesion between the PP- g-MA incorporated with NCC nanoparticles that was confirmed by the FTIR results. DSC and TGA measurements showed that the thermal stability of the nanocomposites was not compromised due to the addition of the coupling agent and reinforced nanoparticles.

scholarly journals Carbon Fiber Composites of Pure Polypropylene and Maleated Polypropylene Blends Obtained from Injection and Compression Moulding

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Pérez-Rocha ◽  
A. B. Morales-Cepeda ◽  
F. Navarro-Pardo ◽  
T. Lozano-Ramírez ◽  
P. G. LaFleur
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Impact Resistance ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Favourable Effect ◽  
Carbon Fiber Composites ◽  
Compression Moulding ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Noticeable Effect ◽  
Maleated Polypropylene

A comparative study of the mechanical performance of PP and PP/PP-g-MAH blends reinforced with carbon fibre (CF) obtained by two different moulding techniques is presented. Three filler contents were used for fabricating the composites: 1, 3, and 5 pph (parts per hundred). The crystallisation behaviour of the composites was studied by differential scanning calorimetry. Morphological and structural features of these samples were observed by atomic field microscopy and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, respectively. Mechanical properties of the injection and compression moulded composites were evaluated by means of tensile and impact resistance tests. The fracture surface of the impacted samples was observed by scanning electron microscopy. The processing method had a noticeable effect on the results obtained in these tests. Young’s modulus was enhanced up to 147% when adding 5 pph CF to a PP matrix when processed by compression moulding. Addition of PP-g-MAH and CF had a favourable effect on the tensile and impact strength properties in most samples; these composites showed improved performance as the filler content was increased.

scholarly journals Plastic Bottle Cap Recycling—Characterization of Recyclate Composition and Opportunities for Design for Circularity

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (24) ◽  
pp. 10378
Author(s):  
Markus Gall ◽  
Andrea Schweighuber ◽  
Wolfgang Buchberger ◽  
Reinhold W. Lang
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Regulatory Requirements ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Comprehensive Strategy ◽  
Polymer Resin ◽  
Plastic Bottle ◽  
Use Phase ◽  
Slip Agent ◽  
Beverage Packaging

In line with efforts to create a circular economy of plastics, recent EU legislation is strengthening plastic bottle recycling by ambitious separate collection targets and mandatory recycled content obligations. Furthermore, explicit design requirements on the caps of bottles and composite beverage packaging have been introduced. These caps are typically made of polyethylene or polypropylene and often contain additives such as slip agents and anti-statics. Commercially available bottle cap recyclates (BCRs) as well as specifically formulated model compounds were analyzed in terms of composition by means of infrared spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, and high-performance liquid chromatography. Their composition was found to be heterogeneous due to polyolefin cross-contamination, directly reflecting the diversity of cap materials present in the market. Slip agent legacy additives originating from the initial use phase were found and quantified in both commercial and model cap recyclates. This highlights the opportunity for redesigning plastic bottle caps not only in response to regulatory requirements, but to pursue a more comprehensive strategy of product design for circularity. By including considerations of polymer resin and additive choice in cap manufacturing, more homogeneous waste streams could be derived from plastic bottle cap recycling, enabling recycling into more demanding and valuable applications.

Purification and characterization of kraft lignin

Holzforschung ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 69 (8) ◽  
pp. 943-950 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenwen Fang ◽  
Marina Alekhina ◽  
Olga Ershova ◽  
Sami Heikkinen ◽  
Herbert Sixta
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Properties ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Inorganic Compounds ◽  
Gel Permeation Chromatography ◽  
Kraft Lignin ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Target Values ◽  
Lower Glass Transition Temperature

Abstract To upgrade the utilization of kraft lignin (KL) for high-performance lignin-based materials (e.g., carbon fiber), the purity, molecular mass distribution (MMD), and thermal properties need to be improved and adjusted to target values. Therefore, different methods, such as ultrasonic extraction (UE), solvent extraction, dialysis, and hot water treatment (HWT), were applied for the purification of KL. The chemical and thermal properties of purified lignin have been characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance, Fourier transform infrared, gel permeation chromatography, elemental analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, and thermogravimetric analysis. The lignin fractions obtained by UE with ethanol/acetone (E/A) mixture (9:1) revealed a very narrow MMD and were nearly free of inorganic compounds and carbohydrates. Further, the E/A-extracted lignin showed a lower glass transition temperature (Tg) and a clearly detectable melting temperature (Tm). Dialysis followed by HWT at 220°C is an efficient method for the removal of inorganics and carbohydrates; however, lignin was partly forming condensed structures during the treatment.

Synthesis and Characterization of New Polyurethane Adhesives

2006 ◽  
Vol 514-516 ◽  
pp. 843-847 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina Borges Correia ◽  
João C. Bordado
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Impact Resistance ◽  
Inert Atmosphere ◽  
Stray Field ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Polyurethane Adhesives ◽  
Dimer Acids

Polyurethane adhesives provide excellent flexibility, impact resistance and durability. Polyurethanes are formed through the reaction of an isocyanate component with polyether or polyester polyols or other active hydrogen compounds. This paper refers to polyurethane adhesives made from polyester polyols with long aliphatic chains (up to 36 carbon atoms) and MDI (diphenylmethane-4,4’-diisocyanate). The polyester polyols have been made from dimer acids obtained from renewable sources and short chain diols. The polyols that were used presented different degrees of unsaturation. The influence of the different raw materials in the adhesives performance is studied. The polyurethanes were produced by reaction between quasi-stoichiometric quantities of polyol and MDI, at several temperatures. The reaction was carried under inert atmosphere and at temperatures below 100°C. Performance of the adhesives was tested by carrying adhesion, hardness and water absorption tests. Characterization of both the polyester polyols and polyurethane adhesives was carried by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), Magnetic Nuclear Resonance (NMR), X-Ray Diffraction (WAXD), Scanning RMN Imaging of 1H of Stray- Field b (MRI) and Brookfield viscometry.

scholarly journals Isolation and structural characterization of the polypeptide subunits of membrane glycoprotein IIb-IIIa from human platelets

Blood ◽  
1982 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
RP McEver ◽  
JU Baenziger ◽  
PW Majerus
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Sodium Dodecyl ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Human Platelets ◽  
Membrane Glycoprotein ◽  
Radiolabeled Peptides ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Peptide Maps

Abstract We have previously demonstrated the isolation of platelet membrane glycoprotein IIb-IIIa by affinity chromatography with a specific monoclonal antibody. We have now separated the polypeptide subunits IIb and IIIa of the isolated glycoprotein by preparative sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and have compared their structural features. Both IIb and IIIa contain approximately 15% carbohydrate, but IIIa contains a larger percentage of mannose residues, suggesting the presence of high mannose as well as complex N- linked oligosaccharide chains. The amino acid compositions are sufficiently similar to imply areas of sequence homology between the two subunits. To examine further the relationship between the subunits, we digested a mixture of 125I-IIb and 131I-IIIa with trypsin and then separated the radiolabeled peptides by high performance liquid chromatography. The resultant peptide maps of IIb and IIIa are completely different. This indicates that neither subunit is derived from the other and suggests that polypeptides IIb and IIIa are products of separate genes.

scholarly journals IMPROVING SOLUBILITY AND DISSOLUTION OF A NATURAL PRODUCT APIGENIN VIA PREPARATION OF SOLID DISPERSION BY HOT MELT EXTRUSION

2021 ◽  
pp. 47-52
Author(s):  
SOFI N. STIANI ◽  
TAOFIK RUSDIANA ◽  
ANAS SUBARNAS
Keyword(s):  
Solid Dispersion ◽  
Water Solubility ◽  
Practical Method ◽  
Hot Melt Extrusion ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Melt Extrusion ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Twin Screw ◽  
Hot Melt

Objective: Hot Melt Extrusion (HME) is one of the techniques for preparing a solid dispersion hydrophilic excipient known as a no solvents practical method to increase the solubility of drugs. Apigenin (APG) has properties that thermal stable with melting point 345-350 °C but very low solubility in the water around 1,35 µg/ml. The polymer is stable in the HME method are Soluplus and Kollidon VA 64. The study aims to optimize the kind of polymer in HME formulae to improve the solubility and dissolution rate of apigenin by solid dispersion using hot-melt extrusion. Methods: Apigenin 10–50% w/w and Kollidon®VA 64 or Soluplus® and combination of Kollidon®VA 64 and Soluplus® were mixed, and the resulting blends extruded using a twin-screw extruder (Teach-Line ZK25T). Characterization of apigenin extrudates conducted using scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffractometry, and dissolution. Results: Solubility studies presented enhancement in apigenin of 10%/Soluplus®90%; 10% w/w apigenin/Kollidon®VA 64 (90%); and 33,3% w/w apigenin/Kollidon®VA 64 33,3% mix Soluplus® 33,3% increased more than 18,25; 16,18-and 8,52-fold in water, respectively. Furthermore dissolution studies showed enhancement in apigenin percent release of 10%/Soluplus®90%; 10% w/w apigenin/Kollidon®VA 64 90%; and 33,3% w/w apigenin/Kollidon®VA 64 33,3% mix Soluplus® 33,3% tablet apigenin HME up to 34,29%; 69,75% and 30,69%, respectively. Conclusion: The formulation of 10% w/w Apigenin and 90% Soluplus® using hot-melt extrusion able to increase water solubility approximately 18,25-fold than raw material apigenin.

scholarly journals Isolation and structural characterization of the polypeptide subunits of membrane glycoprotein IIb-IIIa from human platelets

Blood ◽  
1982 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
RP McEver ◽  
JU Baenziger ◽  
PW Majerus
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Sodium Dodecyl ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Human Platelets ◽  
Membrane Glycoprotein ◽  
Radiolabeled Peptides ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Peptide Maps

We have previously demonstrated the isolation of platelet membrane glycoprotein IIb-IIIa by affinity chromatography with a specific monoclonal antibody. We have now separated the polypeptide subunits IIb and IIIa of the isolated glycoprotein by preparative sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and have compared their structural features. Both IIb and IIIa contain approximately 15% carbohydrate, but IIIa contains a larger percentage of mannose residues, suggesting the presence of high mannose as well as complex N- linked oligosaccharide chains. The amino acid compositions are sufficiently similar to imply areas of sequence homology between the two subunits. To examine further the relationship between the subunits, we digested a mixture of 125I-IIb and 131I-IIIa with trypsin and then separated the radiolabeled peptides by high performance liquid chromatography. The resultant peptide maps of IIb and IIIa are completely different. This indicates that neither subunit is derived from the other and suggests that polypeptides IIb and IIIa are products of separate genes.

scholarly journals Novel Synthesis of N-Acetylcysteine Medicine Using an Effective Method

Molbank ◽  
10.3390/m1288 ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (4) ◽  
pp. M1288
Author(s):  
Farzaneh Ziaee ◽  
Mohammad Ziaee
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Stage Process ◽  
Antioxidant Supplement ◽  
High Level ◽  
Single Batch

N-acetylcysteine (NAC) is mainly administrated as a mucolytic medication, antioxidant supplement, antidote in paracetamol overdose, and a drug for the prevention of diabetic kidney disease. Its effect has been investigated for the treatment of several diseases such as COVID-19. In this work, an effective method for high-yield synthesis of N-acetylcysteine is proposed. This drug can be synthesized in a single-batch step instead of using a multi-stage process. The proposed method has shown the potential to be considered as an alternative method for producing NAC. The purification process was carried out using suitable solvents to reach a high level of purity. The characterization of the synthesized drug was undertaken through Elemental analysis, Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (1H NMR), High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), and melting point analyses.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document