The Incorporation of the Ceramic Industry Firewood Ash into Clayey Ceramic

Much industrial waste has mineralogical, chemical and physical characteristics similar to clays used in ceramic materials, enabling the reuse of these as raw materials in the ceramic industry. The ashes are a type of waste containing metals, which can cause air pollution, responsible for serious respiratory problems in the affected population. This study investigate the use of waste derived from the carbonization of a solid fuel (wood) in ceramic paste used for the manufacture of rustic floors, aiming its incorporation into the mix, partially replacing (lessening the environmental problem) the usage of raw material (saving clay), enabling the analysis of certain variables of sample preparation (characterization and formulation) and their influence on the final properties of the material. Results indicate that the partial replacement of clay by ash is feasible in the chemical and mineralogical aspects in the formulation of ceramic paste in the manufacturing of rustic floors.

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Incorporation of sugarcane bagasse ash waste as an alternative raw material for red ceramic

Cerâmica ◽

10.1590/s0366-69132013000300019 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 59 (351) ◽

pp. 473-480 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

K. C. P. Faria ◽

J. N. F. Holanda

Keyword(s):

Sugarcane Bagasse ◽

Raw Materials ◽

Phase Evolution ◽

Linear Shrinkage ◽

Raw Material ◽

Partial Replacement ◽

Clay Material ◽

Natural Clay ◽

Materials Used ◽

Sugarcane Industry

The sugarcane industry generates huge amounts of sugarcane bagasse ashes (SCBA). This work investigates the incorporation of a SCBA waste as an alternative raw material into a clay body, replacing natural clay material by up to 20 wt.%. Clay ceramic pieces were produced by uniaxial pressing and fired at temperatures varying from 700 to 1100 ºC. The technological properties of the clay ceramic pieces (linear shrinkage, apparent density, water absorption, and tensile strength) as function of the firing temperature and waste addition are investigated. The phase evolution during firing was followed by X-ray diffraction. The results showed that the SCBA waste could be incorporated into red ceramics (bricks and roofing tiles) in partial replacement for natural clay material. These results confirm the feasibility of valorisation of SCBA waste to produce red ceramic. This use of SCBA can also contribute greatly to reducing the environmental problems of the sugarcane industry, and also save the sources of natural raw materials used in the ceramic industry.

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Ceramic Composition Material with Mullite Crystals Obtained from the Clayy Raw Material of Yakutia

Materials Science Forum ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.992.253 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 992 ◽

pp. 253-258

Author(s):

M.P. Lebedev ◽

V.N. Tagrov ◽

E.S. Lukin

Keyword(s):

Building Materials ◽

Raw Materials ◽

Practical Interest ◽

Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽

Ceramic Materials ◽

Strength Properties ◽

Raw Material ◽

Composition Material ◽

Material Base ◽

Wide Range

The article deals with the manufacture of modern structural ceramic materials from clay and loam deposits of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). The importance and relevance of the development of the production of building materials from local raw materials is emphasized, since this will certainly affect the effectiveness of the construction complex as a whole. The successful development of the construction complex is capable of not only stimulating growth in all sectors of the economy, but also contributes to solving the most pressing social problems. Today, Yakutia has huge reserves of mineral raw materials for the production of a wide range of building materials and products. Of practical interest are wall materials made from clay soils. Given the features of the region’s raw material base, this work focuses on additional processing of traditional material. Controlling the complex physicochemical and structural-mechanical transformations that occur during heat treatment, a methodology has been developed for creating a composite material that will allow competitive innovative materials with enhanced strength properties to be produced with a reinforcing element with a glassy phase matrix of mullite crystals. The fabricated samples have a wide range of physical and mechanical properties and allow using it as a high-quality structural building ceramics, as well as industrial floor technical tile.

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Preparation of Self-Releasing Glaze Ceramic Materials Utilizing Red Mud

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.383-390.3366 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 383-390 ◽

pp. 3366-3373

Author(s):

Shuo Qin ◽

Bo Lin Wu ◽

Shiao Zhao ◽

Cong Chang Ma ◽

Zu Sheng Hu

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Red Mud ◽

Barium Carbonate ◽

Raw Materials ◽

Normal Pressure ◽

Ceramic Materials ◽

The Self ◽

Raw Material ◽

Radiation Level ◽

Red Sandstone

Red mud is the main solid residue generated during the production of alumina by means of the Bayer process. In order to expand the comprehensive utilization field of red mud and develop new ceramic products with low radioactivity utilizing red mud, the exploration of preparing self-releasing glaze ceramic materials using red mud as raw material was carried out. During the exploration, the self-releasing glaze ceramic materials with low radiation level were produced by normal pressure sintering process using the main ingredients of red mud, red sandstone, barium carbonate and ball clay. The properties of the self-releasing glaze ceramic samples were investigated by the measurements of mechanical properties, X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and radiation measurement. The results show that the self-releasing glaze ceramic materials have good mechanical properties (the bulk density, 3.10 g/cm3; the compressive strength, 78.00 MPa). Adding barium carbonate to the raw materials and then calcine them to ceramics, which can extend the sintering temperature range and the radioactivity level of the self-releasing glaze ceramic materials can be reduced to that of the natural radioactive background of Guilin Area, Karst landform (the average 60 Total/Timer).

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NON-PLASTIC RAW MATERIALS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF CONSTRUCTION CERAMICS

Construction Materials and Products ◽

10.34031/2618-7183-2020-3-4-31-38 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 3 (4) ◽

pp. 31-38

Author(s):

V. Men'shikova ◽

L. Demina

Keyword(s):

Raw Materials ◽

Earth Metal ◽

High Strength ◽

Ceramic Materials ◽

Component Composition ◽

Magnesium Carbonate ◽

Raw Material ◽

Building Ceramic ◽

Alkaline Earth Metal Oxides ◽

The Cost

research by some scientists shows that the most expensive element in the manufacture of construction ceramics are clay materials, in particular kaolins. They allow getting products with high strength, but at the same time increase significantly the mass refractoriness. In this connection, a significant amount of melt is added or the firing temperature is increased. Of course, this leads to an increase in the cost of products. In Russia, the reserves of these raw materials are insufficient and it is advisable to look for new non-traditional types of raw materials. There is a need to adjust the component composition of ceramic masses and use non-plastic raw materials. An example is natural wollastonites or their analogues in the form of diopside, which are a little-used type of mineral raw material. In the Siberian region, there are several deposits of non-plastic varieties of raw materials for the production of fired construction products. The most famous are the deposits of the Slyudyansky and Sayan districts. The authors present the results of analysis of diopside rocks, where the chemical, mineral compositions and behavior of samples under heating are studied. The absence of alkali and alkaline earth metal oxides in diopsides was determined. The content of iron oxide in the amount of 0.1% indicates the purity of the raw material. More than half of the composition is occupied by silica, which is 53% and 58% in the rocks of the Burutuysky and Sayan deposits, respectively. The basis of the mineral composition of the samples is diopside, with the presence of quartz, calcite, mica and magnesium carbonate. This range of minerals is traditional in many charges of ceramic materials. Therefore, the possibility of using diopside rocks in the production of building ceramic materials is quite high.

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Thermal Conductivity of Hemp Based Boards

Environment Technology Resources Proceedings of the International Scientific and Practical Conference ◽

10.17770/etr2015vol1.206 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 1 ◽

pp. 61 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Edgars Kirilovs ◽

Silvija Kukle ◽

Dana Beļakova ◽

Anatolijs Borodiņecs ◽

Ādolfs Ruciņš ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Thermal Conductivity ◽

Energy Consumption ◽

Natural Fiber ◽

Raw Materials ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Working Environment ◽

Raw Material ◽

Partial Replacement ◽

Main Function ◽

Positive Effects

Energy and raw material costs, an increase in environmental pollution, greenhouse gas emissions, global warming, depletion of fossil raw materials stimulate to seek and study alternatives to the synthetic fibers and products made of them for full or partial replacement. Renewable raw materials, including natural fiber sources, are the future of storage resources with a variety of positive effects on both the planet ecosystem and the living and working environment, and the energy consumption of delivering the required functionality. One of the most important energy-saving types is to reduce energy consumption in buildings by insulating them.For Latvian conditions suitable crops are historically grown flax and hemp. Within the framework of the studies, hemp stems are being used. Hemp compared with flax, are less suffering from diseases and less damaged by pests, so hemp cultivation is practically free from use of chemical pesticides and herbicides reducing the risk to the ecosystem.One of the most frequently mentioned industrial hemp raw materials positive qualities are their very wide use, practically all plant parts can be used in production of different products. This work explores the possibilities and technologies within the Latvian grown hemp stems to work into board materials with insulation capability.Hemp fibers/shives mix boards can fulfill the main function of insulation materials, i.e., to reduce the transmission of heat, because they have a porous structure and low density. Material thermal insulation properties affect physical and structural properties of compounds. Cost effective particles board samples from chopped hemp stems with three types of adhesives and different thicknesses were produced and their thermal conductivity evaluated. The technologies applied and test results will be discussed in the paper.

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Use of topinambur in technology of flour products

Scientific Messenger of LNU of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnologies ◽

10.32718/nvlvet-f9503 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 23 (95) ◽

pp. 13-19

Author(s):

G. Р. Khomych ◽

N. I. Tkach ◽

Y. G. Nakonechna ◽

O. V. Nesterenko ◽

N. M. Prior

Keyword(s):

Wheat Flour ◽

Polyphenol Oxidase ◽

Raw Materials ◽

Jerusalem Artichoke ◽

Raw Material ◽

Partial Replacement ◽

Biological Value ◽

Health And Disease ◽

Partial Inactivation

The article considers the use of Jerusalem artichoke processing products in technology flour yeast products. In terms of productivity, Jerusalem artichokes significantly exceed potatoes, sugar beets, corn and other crops of intensive type, but grow it on small area mainly for fodder purposes. Recently, in the food industry is observed reorientation to the production of products with new qualities, aimed at improving the situation health and disease prevention. Jerusalem artichoke is a unique raw material that can increase the biological value of finished products. Useful properties of Jerusalem artichoke are used to strengthen the immune system, reduce the risk of heart attack and stroke, eliminate salt deposits in the joints, in the therapeutic diet for diabetes. However, its limited use in the processing industry is due to the rapid enzymatic darkening of Jerusalem artichoke tubers during processing. Given the specific properties of Jerusalem artichoke, it is advisable to investigate the enzymatic darkening of Jerusalem artichoke tubers during processing by determining the activity of the enzyme polyphenol oxidase and the use of Jerusalem artichoke puree in the technology of yeast dough. Analysis of tubers and Jerusalem artichoke puree was performed by organoleptic and physicochemical indicators. The quality of finished products was controlled by organoleptic, physicochemical and structural and mechanical indicators, among which special attention was paid to indicators acidity, humidity, porosity, shape stability. The activity of the enzyme in whole and crushed Jerusalem artichoke tubers and its effect on the activity of the enzyme pre-blanching in water for 10 minutes It is determined that when blanching is a partial inactivation of the enzyme polyphenol oxidase, which prevents darkening of raw materials during grinding. The effect of adding Jerusalem artichoke puree in the amount of 10, 15 and 20 % was studied on gluten of wheat flour. The partial replacement of wheat flour in mashed Jerusalem artichoke leads not only to a decrease in the amount of gluten, but also to a change in its quality. The gluten becomes more elastic, the extensibility decreases, and with the addition of 20 % puree gluten is torn. It is determined that the duration of fermentation of dough samples varies depending on the amount introduced Jerusalem artichoke puree. With increasing percentage of Jerusalem artichoke puree in the dough recipe, the duration of dough fermentation is reduced by 6.25…8.75 %. The addition of puree had a positive effect Jerusalem artichoke to increase the yield of the finished product by 5.20…26.34 %. Research of the main quality indicators of experimental samples confirm that according to the set of indicators, the optimal sample is 10 % of Jerusalem artichoke puree, which makes it possible to recommend it for the production of yeast bakery products of high biological value.

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Using of non-traditional raw materials in the technology of cooked sausages with functional purposes

Scientific Messenger of LNU of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnologies ◽

10.32718/nvlvet-f9511 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 23 (95) ◽

pp. 65-71

Author(s):

I. Basarab ◽

U. Drachuk ◽

B. Halukh ◽

H. Koval ◽

I. Simonova ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Raw Materials ◽

The Body ◽

Raw Material ◽

Animal Origin ◽

Partial Replacement ◽

Meat Production ◽

Caloric Content ◽

Experimental Sample ◽

Functional Ingredient ◽

Minced Meat

In modern conditions of meat production, one of the priorities of the meat processing industry is the production of products with improved consumer properties. To perform this task, it is necessary to include in the industrial circulation of physiologically functional ingredients of plant origin, which will provide the body with nutrients and expand the range of functional foods. The paper covers the issues of partial replacement of raw materials of animal origin with germinated sea-buckthorn seeds (GSBS) flour as a functional ingredient in the production of sausages. The chemical and vitamin composition of the physiologically functional ingredient has been studied. Three experimental recipes for sausages from GSBS flour has been developed. The positive influence of GSBS flour on functional-technological and physical-chemical properties of the received forcemeat is proved. Organoleptic parameters of sausages from GSBS flour are determined. The use of GSBS flour as a functional ingredient in the technology of sausages affects the appearance, taste, smell. It is established that the increase in the amount of GSBS flour introduction leads to an increase in pH by 0.4–0.8 % and finished products by 6.8 %. The improvement of functional and technological properties of experimental minced meat of sausages based on the use of GSBS flour is proved. The optimal amount of replacement of the main raw material with a physiologically functional ingredient, which is characteristic of the experimental sample № 2. The changes in the qualitative characteristics of the developed sample of sausages, which where within the regulatory requirements. The addition of 10 % GSBS flour to the minced meat of sausages leads to a slight increase in protein with a significant reduction in lipid content by 4.4 % in the finished product. As a result, the caloric content of Altaiska functional sausage is reduced by 13.2 % compared to traditional products. Production of such products will allow to expand the domestic range of functional products. Consumption of such sausages allows to consider them as foodstuff with essentially new functional properties which would correspond to modern requirements concerning food.

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Research of functional and technological properties of minced meat products with using fish raw materials

Scientific Messenger of LNU of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology ◽

10.32718/nvlvet9005 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 20 (90) ◽

pp. 22-26

Author(s):

Y. Matsuk ◽

I. Marchenko ◽

V. Pasichnyi

Keyword(s):

Raw Materials ◽

Control Sample ◽

Meat Products ◽

Absorption Capacity ◽

Raw Material ◽

Partial Replacement ◽

Production Cycle ◽

Technological Properties ◽

Technological Parameters ◽

Minced Meat

The article is devoted to the improvement of the recipes of minced meat products with using fish raw materials and the study of organoleptic and functional and technological properties of developed minced meat systems and finished products. The research has been carried out on the rational combining of meat and fish raw materials and the expansion of assortment of minced semi-finished products. The formulations of minced meat systems for the production of meat semi-finished with a partial replacement of the main raw material to fish raw materials have been developed. The organoleptic and functional and technological parameters of minced meat systems and finished products are investigated. According to the results of the organoleptic evaluation, it was found that partial replacement of meat raw material with minced fish does not worsen the sensory characteristics of minced meat products. It is established that in comparison with the control sample there is an improvement of functional and technological indicators. In particular, the moisture content increased by an average of 6.1%, moisture absorption capacity – 5.91%, energy absorption capacity – 2.49%, fat-retaining ability – 2.52%. The obtained results confirmed the expediency of using minced meat with pollack in the technology of minced meat semi-finished products with due observance of the parameters of production cycle of heat treatment of products. It has been theoretically substantiated and experimentally confirmed the technology of meat products using minced meat and developed recipes. It has been established that with careful selection of components that are part of minced meat semi-finished products with the addition of fish raw materials can increase the organoleptic and functional and technological parameters of finished products. The obtained data suggest that the improved recipes of minced meat semi-finished products can be recommended for production by enterprises of the meat industry and restaurants

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KARAKTERISTIK SERTA PENGEMBANGAN PENGGUNAAN KAYU KARET DAN BAMBU UNTUK BAHAN BAKU PERUMAHAN RAKYAT DAN INDUSTRI

Jurnal Riset Industri Hasil Hutan ◽

10.24111/jrihh.v4i1.1200 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 36

Author(s):

Effendi Arsad

Keyword(s):

Physical Properties ◽

Natural Resource ◽

Raw Materials ◽

Wood Properties ◽

Raw Material ◽

Fuel Wood ◽

Processing Industry ◽

Commercial Products ◽

Rubber Wood ◽

High Elasticity

Rubber wood and bamboo is an important natural resource to be developed as residential and industrial raw materials which are the raw material of commercial products. The presence of rubber wood and bamboo needs to be supported by the preservation and processing industry in order to be optimally utilized. Rubber wood has physical properties, mechanical and chemical equivalent of natural forest wood. properties of rubber wood used in rural as well fuel wood rafters to corral. While bamboo also has certain advantages compared to wood because it is easily preserved, processed and have a high elasticity While bamboo is used as a wall of the house after the split and created a kind of bamboo called palupuhan/gedek. Made simple, just the process of drying in the hot sun. Durability palupuhan/gedek could reach 10 years, but must be used in place are protected from rain. Without is bamboo used in as rafters to corral, ring, rafter and raw material of fishery.Keywords : rubber wood, bamboo, potency, characteristic, preservative.

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PERBAIKAN MUTU BALL CLAY UNTUK BAHAN BAKU KERAMIK HALUS DENGAN PROSES PENGENDAPAN = THE IMPROVEMENT QUALITY OF BALL CLAY FOR FINE CERAMIC RAW MATERIALS USING PRECIPITATION PROCESS.

Majalah ilmiah Pengkajian Industri ◽

10.29122/mipi.v9i3.1646 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 9 (3) ◽

pp. 157-166

Author(s):

Wahyu Garinas

Keyword(s):

Grain Size ◽

Chemical Composition ◽

Raw Materials ◽

Ceramic Materials ◽

Raw Material ◽

Precipitation Process ◽

Test Results ◽

Fine Ceramic ◽

West Kalimantan ◽

Ball Clay

Ball clay quality are derived from within the country is very variety and generally rather difficult to get raw materials as needed. This research used ball clay from the West Kalimantan and West Java area.Ball clay is one of the most important raw materials for the manufacture of fine ceramic. To get the ball clay raw materials in accordance with the standards it is necessary to processing of raw materials. Processing of ball clay in this research conducted by precipitation and filtration magnet. Testing of ball clay raw materials are : test chemical composition by wet methods (SNI. 15-0449-1989) and grain size of raw material (SNI.15-0578-1996). Ball clay that has been processed will be tested with the same method of SNI. Test results before and processed will be compared with a standard of quality ball clay(SNI, NGK, India) for fine ceramic materials. The test results of chemical composition and grain size ball clay raw material showed that samples from west kalimantan qualified for fine ceramic materials and samples from other areas did not meet the standards (SNI, NGK, India).Â ABSTRAKMutu ballclay yang terdapat di dalam negeri sangat beragam dan umumnya agak sulit mendapatkan bahan baku yang sesuai dengan kebutuhan. Pada penelitian ini digunakan ball clay yang berasal dari daerah Kalimantan Barat, Jawa Barat dan Jawa Timur. Ball clay merupakan salah satu bahan baku penting untuk pembuatan keramik halus. Untuk mendapatkan bahan baku ball clay sesuai dengan standar maka perlu dilakukan pengolahan bahan baku. Pengolahan ball clay dalam penelitian ini dilakukan dengan cara pengendapan dan penyaringan magnet. Pengujian terhadap bahan mentah ball clay meliputi : uji komposisi kimia dengan metode basah (SNI. 15-0449-1989) dan pengujian besar butir (SNI.15-0578-1996). Ball clay yang sudah diolah nantinya akan diuji dengan metode SNI yang sama. Hasil uji sebelum dan terolah akan dibandingkan dengan standar mutu ball clay untuk bahan keramik halus. Hasil uji dari komposisi kimia dan besar butir ball clay bahan mentah menunjukan bahwa sampel dari Kalbar memenuhi syarat untuk bahan keramik halus dan sampel dari daerah lainnya ternyata tidak memenuhi standar (SNI, NGK. India).

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