Effect of Heat Treatment on the Structure of Ni-P Electrocoatings

2015 ◽  
Vol 228 ◽  
pp. 148-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Łosiewicz ◽  
Magdalena Popczyk
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Phase Composition ◽  
Thermal Activation ◽  
Steel Substrate ◽  
Structure Change ◽  
Protective Atmosphere ◽  
Nickel Phosphide ◽  
Isothermal Heating ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Qualitative Phase

Activity of electrode material is strongly dependent on the structure, therefore, amorphous Ni-P electrocoatings deposited from a Watts type bath on the carbon steel substrate, were subjected to thermal activation through their isothermal heating under argon protective atmosphere at the temperature of 400, 500 and 800°C. After such a heat treatment, the investigations of the structure change of the Ni-P electrocoatings were carried out using X-ray qualitative phase analysis, which revealed the effect of thermal activation on the phase composition of the obtained coatings. It was found that after each applied thermal activation, the occurence of diphase system in the coating was observed which was consisted of nickel crystallites and nickel phosphide crystallites of the type Ni5P2.

Synthesis of nanocomposite coating of electrodeposed amorphic layers of the Ni–P–W system

2020 ◽  
pp. 53-60
Author(s):  
A. V. Krasikov
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Differential Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Phase Composition ◽  
Diffraction Analysis ◽  
Nanocomposite Coating ◽  
Nanocrystalline Phase ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
X Ray

The processes of the formation of the nanocomposite coating of Ni–11.5% P–5%W were studied during the heat treatment of amorphous electrodeposited layers. Using the method of differential scanning calorimetry, the temperature of the onset of crystallization of the nanocrystalline phase Ni3P was determined. X-ray diffraction analysis showed that heat treatment produces Ni3P phosphides and, presumably, Ni5P2, the size of which, according to electron microscopy, is 5–50 nm. The influence of the duration of heat treatment on the phase composition and microhardness of coatings is investigated.

scholarly journals Effect of Heat Treatment on the Microstructure and Phase Composition of ZrB2–MoSi2 Coating

Coatings ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 779
Author(s):  
Marina Kovaleva ◽  
Igor Goncharov ◽  
Vseslav Novikov ◽  
Maxim Yapryntsev ◽  
Olga Vagina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Phase Composition ◽  
Lamellar Structure ◽  
Carbon Composites ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Mosi2 Coating ◽  
Α Al2o3 ◽  
Sprayed Coating ◽  
Scanning Electron

Composite ZrB2–MoSi2 coating modified by Y2O3 and Al was prepared by a new multi-chamber detonation accelerator (MCDS) on carbon/carbon composites. Postdeposition heat treatment of the samples at 1500 °C for 1 and 6 h was carried out in air. The effect of heat treatment on the microstructure and phase composition of the ZrB2–MoSi2 coating was investigated by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction phase analysis. The as-sprayed coating presented as a dense lamellar structure, composed of m-ZrO2, t-ZrO2, some hexagonal ZrB2, and cubic Al phases. The m-ZrO2, c-ZrO2, and h-(α-Al2O3) formed at 1500 °C. The coatings after heat treatment (1 and 6 h) exhibited a structure without cracks. The porosity (~1%) of the coating did not change after heat treatment. Thin, continuous, silica-rich film covered the surfaces of ZrO2 and Al2O3 particles, and could have played a role during heat treatment by acting as a grain lubricant for particle rearrangement.

scholarly journals Variability Qualitative Phase Composition of the Different Grain Classes of the Calcareous Fly Ashes

2017 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 225-237
Author(s):  
Ewa Strzałkowska
Keyword(s):  
Phase Composition ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Analytical Methods ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Fly Ashes ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Mineral Phases ◽  
Additional Mineral ◽  
Qualitative Phase

Abstract The results of studies of the phases composition of the different grain classes of calcareous fly ash were presented in this article. It was necessary to use three analytical methods: thermal, X-ray and microscopic to identify properly additional mineral phases in different grain classes of fly ash. These mineral phases were not determined during analysis of the sample which was not devided into grain classes. The minerals: quartz, anhydrite, calcite, bassanite, hannebahite hematite, magnetite, gehlenite, anorthite and CaO were identified. The thickest grain class of the tested ash characterized by a higher content of unburned fragments of coal. The presence of coal grains has negative influence at any further applications of the ash.

Determination of the qualitative phase composition of a ceramic by x-ray phase analysis

1992 ◽  
Vol 49 (9) ◽  
pp. 435-437
Author(s):  
E. M. Dyatlova ◽  
N. M. Bobkova ◽  
T. N. Yurkevich ◽  
E. M. Kurpan
Keyword(s):  
Phase Composition ◽  
Phase Analysis ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Qualitative Phase

scholarly journals Heat Treatment Effect on the Phase Composition of the Silica Electrochemical Coating and the Carbon Fiber Strength

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (18) ◽  
pp. 5209
Author(s):  
Sergei Galyshev ◽  
Evgeniya Postnova ◽  
Olga Shakhlevich ◽  
Dmitrii Agarkov ◽  
Ekaterina Agarkova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Phase Composition ◽  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
Amorphous Silicon ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Silicon Oxide ◽  
Fiber Strength ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Initial State ◽  
X Ray

This work is devoted to the study of the chemical and phase composition of a carbon fiber coating obtained by the electrochemical sol-gel method. The experimental data obtained using several independent complementary methods, including X-ray phase analysis, thermogravimetric and differential thermal analysis, scanning electron microscopy and elemental analysis, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, are in good agreement with each other. It was found that the resulting coating consists of amorphous silicon oxide and crystalline potassium carbonate. Heating above 870 °C leads to the crystallization of cristobalite from amorphous silicon dioxide. At a temperature of about 870 °C, the coating acquires a smooth surface, and heating above 1170 °C leads to its destruction. Thus, the optimum temperature for the heat treatment of the coating is about 870 °C. The loss of strength of carbon fiber at each stage of coating was estimated. A full coating cycle, including thermal cleaning from the sizing, coating, and heat treatment, results in a loss of fiber strength by only 11% compared to the initial state.

Influence of Heat Treatment on the Phase Composition and Microhardness of Coatings Based on Ti3SiC2/ TiC

2020 ◽  
Vol 839 ◽  
pp. 137-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dastan Buitkenov ◽  
Bauyrzhan K. Rakhadilov ◽  
Dosym Erbolatuly ◽  
Zhuldyz Sagdoldina
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Phase Composition ◽  
Structural Analysis ◽  
Tool Steel ◽  
Uniform Structure ◽  
Structure And Properties ◽  
Powder Coatings ◽  
Detonation Spraying ◽  
X Ray

The paper discusses the results of studying the structure and properties of powder coatings based on Ti3SiC2/TiC, obtained by the method of detonation spraying on the surface of the tool steel N9. It is determined that the coating has a uniform structure, cracks and delaminations are not observed. The results of X-ray structural analysis of coatings showed that the coating before annealing consists of phases TiC and Ti3SiC2. After annealing, the formation of TiO2 phases and an increase in the intensity of the (103) and (108) reflections of the Ti3SiC2 phases are observed. It is established that an increase in the content of the phases of Ti3SiC2 in coatings leads to an increase in the microhardness of coatings.

Effect of Mineralizers on MnNb2O6 Powder Prepared by Hydrothermal Method

2010 ◽  
Vol 156-157 ◽  
pp. 1010-1013
Author(s):  
Yong Ping Pu ◽  
Yong Yong Zhuang ◽  
Kai Chen ◽  
Ning Xu
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Particle Size ◽  
Phase Composition ◽  
Hydrothermal Method ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Highly Dispersed ◽  
Scanning Electron

Pure MnNb2O6 powders was successfully prepared by hydrothermal method using Nb2O5•nH2O and Mn(NO3)2 as precursors and HCl, HF, NaOH, NH4OH solutions as mineralization agent. The phase composition and morphology of the prepared powder were characterized by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. The effect of mineralizers on phase formation was investigated. The results show that the MnNb2O6 powders with crystallite size of ~24nm can be obtained with Mn(NO3)2 and Nb2O5•nH2O as precursors in neutral and alkaline solution at 200 for 168h. The particle size of the MnNb2O6 powder was ~300nm after heat treatment at a temperature of 600 . The SEM photographs show that the morphology of the MnNb2O6 powder are rod-like particles and the MnNb2O6 powders are highly dispersed.

Investigation of The Oxidation Behaviour of A TiAlCrYN Pvd Hard Coating

2000 ◽  
Vol 648 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirkka I. Lembke ◽  
John M. Titchmarsh ◽  
D. Brian Lewis ◽  
W.-Dieter Münz
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Steel Substrate ◽  
Energy Dispersive ◽  
Hard Coating ◽  
Base Layer ◽  
Sharp Change ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Distribution Maps

AbstractFor dry high speed cutting the oxidation resistance of the protective hard coating of the cutting tool surface is very important. Therefore the effects of heat treatment on a TiAlN based hard coating deposited by the combined cathodic arc unbalanced magnetron sputtering technique have been studied using cross sectional transmission electron microscopy (XTEM) and energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX). The combination of these analytical techniques revealed the diffusion paths and preferences in diffusion of various coating and substrate elements in a physical vapour deposited (PVD) type coating after heat treatment. The structure comprises a ~2 µm thick TiAlCrYN coating on top of a 0.25 µm thick TiAlCrN base layer deposited on a stainless steel substrate. In the as-deposited sample Y was distributed in a fine layered structure (1.7 nm) throughout the coating. The coating was heat treated at temperatures between 600 °C and 900 °C in air for 10 hrs duration. With increasing temperature the microstructure changed gradually from interrupted columnar growth to a fully columnar structure at 900 °C as observed with XTEM. EDX analysis after heat treatment at 700 °C showed the presence of substrate elements Fe and Cr mainly at column boundaries in the base layer. In contrast no evidence of substrate elements could be observed in the TiAlCrYN coating, thus showing a sharp change in elemental composition concerning Cr and Fe between base layer and coating. This indicates that Y segregation in the TiAlCrYN coating along column boundaries inhibited column boundary diffusion of the substrate elements Cr and Fe. Energy dispersive X-ray distribution maps recorded after 800 °C annealing showed distinct segregation of Y along the column boundaries. The substrate elements, Fe and Cr, were observed through the coating along column boundaries up to 0.95 µm from the base layer/coating interface. After heat treatment at 900 °C the substrate elements had diffused from the substrate/coating interface to the coating surface. Y out-diffused, too and was concentrated adjacent to TiO2 crystals in the oxide layer.

Ti50Ni25Cu25 Amorphous Alloy Ribbons Progress

2011 ◽  
Vol 189-193 ◽  
pp. 3912-3915 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhi Huai Yang
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Phase Composition ◽  
Amorphous Alloy ◽  
Internal Friction ◽  
Shape Memory ◽  
Microstructure Evolution ◽  
Recent Progress ◽  
Preparation Method ◽  
Structure Change ◽  
Amorphous Ribbons

Properly annealed Ti50Ni25Cu25 amorphous ribbons have excellent shape memory founction, superelastic and internal friction. In this article, recent progress in research on the amorphous alloy ribbons of Ti50Ni25Cu25 preparation method, phase composition, microstructure of the research status were reviewed. The review mainly includes the phase composition, microstructure evolution, supporting the process of structure change and phase change after heat treatment on Ti50Ni25Cu25 crystallized amorphous ribbons.Shortcomings and future researching fields were also pointed out.

scholarly journals Effect of heat treatment on the tribological performance of electroless quaternary nickel alloy

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 5637-5652
Author(s):  
M. Zaimi ◽  
M. N. Azran ◽  
M. S. Kasim ◽  
M. R. M. Kamal ◽  
I. S. Othman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Wear Behavior ◽  
Steel Substrate ◽  
Alloy Coating ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Alloy Matrix ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Hardness Tester ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Before And After

Heat treatment of nickel-based alloy can increase the alloy’s hardness as well as the wear resistance properties. Nevertheless, the effect of heat treatment on the quaternary Ni alloy coating properties produced from electroless deposition bath is less known due to its composition uniqueness. In this study, Cu and Co are added in the Ni-P alloy matrix using hypophosphite-based Electroless Ni deposition method on mild steel substrate in acidic and alkaline bath. The coatings are then heat treated at 623 K for 3600s. The coatings hardness is measured using microVickers hardness tester and the surface morphology of the coatings are studied using both Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. X-ray fluorescence (XRF) measurement is used to measure the coatings compositions. The wear behavior of the coatings is also investigated before and after heat treatment using ASTM G-99. The coatings from acidic-based bath produces Ni-Cu-Co-P alloy coating while the alkaline-based bath produces Ni-Co-Cu-P alloy based on XRF analysis. Results show that the hardness increases more than 20% for acidic-based bath and 40% for alkaline-based bath coating. The highest increment is the Ni-Co-Cu-P alloy, from 553.3 HV to 991.3 HV after heat treatment. The grain refinement of the coatings can be observed after heat treatment in SEM observation. This is proved by the XRD measurement results where polycrystalline Ni (111) formation is seen after heat treatment overshadowing the Cu (111) and Co (111) peaks. Ni phosphide species are also formed after the heat treatment. The polycrystalline Ni and the Ni phosphide formation, as well as the existence of Co and Cu in the alloy deposits reduces the wear rate significantly after the heat treatment.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document