Reduced age at slaughter in youthful beef cattle: Effects on carcass merit traits

2012 ◽  
Vol 92 (4) ◽  
pp. 449-463 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ó. López-Campos ◽  
J. A. Basarab ◽  
V. S. Baron ◽  
J. L. Aalhus ◽  
M. Juárez
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Production System ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Carcass Traits ◽  
Carcass Composition ◽  
System Effect ◽  
Quality Grade ◽  
Main Production ◽  
Carcass Merit

López-Campos, Ó., Basarab, J. A., Baron, V. S., Aalhus, J. L. and Juárez, M. 2012. Reduced age at slaughter in youthful beef cattle: Effects on carcass merit traits. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 92: 449–463. Two-hundred and twenty-four spring-born British×Continental crossbred steers were used in a 2-yr project to evaluate the effect of production system (calf-fed vs. yearling-fed) and its interaction with breed cross and hormone implant strategies, with and without β-adrenergic agonist on carcass characteristics. Carcasses from yearling-fed steers were 32% heavier (P<0.001), resulting in higher (P<0.05) dressing percentages, grade fat and rib-eye (longissimus thoracis) area (REA) (1.1, 32 and 10%, respectively). However, despite being lighter, the estimated lean yield percentage was 3% greater (P=0.010) in carcasses from calf-fed steers. No difference (P>0.05) was observed for marbling scores between production systems. Use of hormonal implants increased (P<0.001) weights of live animals and carcasses (7 and 9%, respectively). However, non-implanted yearling-fed steers had the lowest proportion of Canada Quality Grade A and the highest proportion of Canada Quality Grade AAA carcasses (P<0.001). Moreover, the observed increase (P=0.016) in marbling scores (up to 37%) from British cross-bred steers disappeared with the use of implants. The only effect observed on carcass traits from the use of β-adrenergic agonists was an increase of 6% in REA (P=0.032). The main production system effect observed for carcass composition was a lower (P=0.008) proportion of bone in carcasses from yearling-fed steers. The use of hormonal implants increased (P<0.001) the proportion of lean and decreased (P=0.019) the proportion of fat (P<0.05). Overall carcass composition of steers with large Continental influence (>50%) had a higher proportion of lean and bone and a lower proportion of fat than carcasses from 50–75% British steers (P<0.001), which was also reflected in the composition of several individual primal cuts (e.g., rib, short-loin, flank, chuck and plate). The interactions amongst production systems and the other production factors studied were minimal. Therefore, despite expected differences in carcass size, reducing age at slaughter did not have a negative impact on Canadian beef carcass traits.

Inhibited development of Ostertagia ostertagi in relation to production systems for cattle

Parasitology ◽  
1982 ◽  
Vol 85 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. G. Smeal ◽  
A. D. Donald
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Production System ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Cattle Production ◽  
Ostertagia Ostertagi ◽  
South Wales

SUMMARYOn a coastal farm in New South Wales where beef and dairy cattle production was carried on side-by-side, separate pasture plots were contaminated with eggs of Ostertagia ostertagi by calves from each production system in autumn, winter or spring. Successive groups of parasite-free tracer calves grazed on the plots for 14 days at 4-week intervals and were then killed for worm counts 14 days after removal from pasture. On all plots, the proportion of inhibited early 4th-stage larvae in tracer calves reached a maximum in spring, and was consistently and very significantly higher in calves which grazed plots contaminated with O. ostertagi of beef cattle origin. Factors which may be responsible for this difference between beef and dairy cattle populations of O. ostertagi are discussed.

scholarly journals Identification of productive systems of beef cattle in the northwest Region of Paraná, Brazil

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 1319 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cecilia Menchon Tramontini ◽  
Rejane Machado Cardozo ◽  
Jailson De Oliveira Arieira
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Production System ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Data Bank ◽  
The State ◽  
Northwestern Part ◽  
Multivariate Statistical ◽  
Cattle Breeders ◽  
Northwest Region

The purpose of this paper is to identify beef cattle production systems in the northwestern part of the state of Paraná, Brazil. To achieve this, interviews with 42 randomly selected cattle breeders were conducted between the months of November and December 2016 to describe the reality of the farms of this region. These interviews were carried out through a semi-structured questionnaire containing 49 questions pertaining to the reality of farms regarding herd management and property (nutrition, health, reproduction, and animal welfare), environment care, property area, and realized activities. Additionally, this questionnaire described the requirements of slaughterhouse for animal housing and the values obtained by the animals marketed according to the producers. After the interviews were carried out, a data bank was created using the software Microsoft Excel (ver. 2010). The data was later transferred to the software PASW 18 for Windows to perform multivariate statistical analyses. Defining the most representative variables was realizedwith multivariate statistical analysis, and these were represented by factor analysis, cluster analysis, and discriminant analysis to define the production systems. Through statistical analysis, three different systems were defined: the first production system has 18, the second production system five, and the third production system has 18 cattle breeders. The three systems found in the northwest region of the state of Paraná have different production and marketing characteristics, with the second system being superior to the other systems.

Slaughter and carcass traits of calves from first-cross and reciprocal back-cross beef cows

1994 ◽  
Vol 74 (4) ◽  
pp. 621-632 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Newman ◽  
A. K. W. Tong ◽  
S. D. M. Jones ◽  
G. W. Rahnefeld ◽  
D. R. C. Bailey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Carcass Traits ◽  
Beef Cows ◽  
Carcass Composition ◽  
Carcass Weight ◽  
Back Cross ◽  
Breed Type ◽  
Bone Content

Breed-of-dam and sex-of-calf effects are reported based on observation of 2007 heifer and steer carcasses. The carcasses were derived from Limousin-sired calves born to dams representing 15 F1 and backcross genotypes reared at two locations over a period of 5 yr. The calves represented Hereford × Angus, Charolais × Shorthorn, Simmental × Shorthorn and all backcross combinations involving Charolais or Simmental with Hereford, Angus or Shorthorn. Carcass traits were analyzed on an unadjusted, a constant hot-carcass weight, and a constant rib-fat depth basis. The slaughter criteria dictated that steers were heavier at slaughter than heifers. They also exhibited higher dressing yield, greater longissimus thoracis area, and lower fat depth. Charolais and Simmental breeding was associated with less rib fat depth, greater longissimus thoracis area, a higher proportion of preferred cuts, less dissectible fat, more bone and more lean in the preferred cuts than British beef breeding. Within the European (Charolais and Simmental) and British beef (Hereford, Angus and Shorthorn) breed groups, breed effects were smaller, but for carcass composition traits they were frequently significant. When compared with Simmental, Charolais breeding tended to be associated with less marbling, less rib fat depth, less dissectible fat and more lean in the preferred cuts. Among the British beef breeds, Hereford was associated with the highest proportion of preferred cuts, Shorthorn with the lowest rib fat depth — but the highest dissectible fat — and Angus with the most marbling, the greatest longissimus thoracis area and the lowest bone content. This research has demonstrated that breed effects for carcass composition traits tend to be additive and that a significant effect may be associated with substitution of as little as one-eighth of the breed composition. Key words: Beef cattle, slaughter traits, carcass traits, breed type, crossbred dam, backcross dam

scholarly journals Effect of Different Slaughter Weights on Slaughter and Carcass Traits of Male Karayaka Lambs Reared under Intensive Production System

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
pp. 406
Author(s):  
Yüksel Aksoy ◽  
Zafer Ulutaş
Keyword(s):  
Production System ◽  
Consumer Preferences ◽  
Carcass Traits ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Red Meat ◽  
Carcass Composition ◽  
Market Conditions ◽  
Feed Material ◽  
Animal Material ◽  
Ad Libitum

The present study was conducted to investigate the carcass traits of Karayaka lambs slaughtered at different slaughter weights (SWs) and to find out optimum SWs. Male Karayaka lambs with 20 kg live weight (n=30) constituted the animal material of the study. Lambs were randomly divided into five SW groups; 30 (GI; n=6), 35 (GII; n=6), 40 (GIII; n=6); 45 (GIV; n=6) and 50 (GV; n=6) kg. Lamb fattening feed (concentrate feed, ad libitum) and forage (lentil straw, 100g/lamb/day) were used as the feed material. Lambs were sent to slaughter at target SWs. Following the slaughter, non-carcass components, tailless hot and cold carcass weights were taken. Carcasses were separated into six sections as leg, foreleg, back, loin, neck and others. Physical dissection was performed to investigate carcass composition. Only the differences in carcass dressing and skin percentages of slaughter groups were not found to be significant. Increasing carcass fat percentages and decreasing carcass lean and bone percentages were observed with increasing SWs. Considering the consumer preferences, current findings revealed that Karayaka lambs should be sent to slaughter at weights between 30-35 kg. However, considering the red meat deficit of the country, current market conditions and producer preferences, the optimum SW for Karayaka lambs were recommended to be between 40-45 kg.

Effects of production system and slaughter weight endpoint on growth performance, carcass traits, and beef quality from conventionally and naturally produced beef cattle

2015 ◽  
Vol 95 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. L. Glanc ◽  
C. P. Campbell ◽  
J. Cranfield ◽  
K. C. Swanson ◽  
I. B. Mandell
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Production System ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Carcass Traits ◽  
Eating Quality ◽  
Beef Quality ◽  
Slaughter Weight ◽  
Natural Production ◽  
Conventional Production

Glanc, D. L., Campbell, C. P., Cranfield, J., Swanson, K. C. and Mandell, I. B. 2015. Effects of production system and slaughter weight endpoint on growth performance, carcass traits, and beef quality from conventionally and naturally produced beef cattle. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 95: 37–47. Effects of production system and slaughter endpoint on performance, carcass traits, and beef quality were investigated in 64 Simmental cross steers (minimum 75% Continental breeding). Cattle were allocated to: (1) conventional production system based on use of implants and dietary ionophores or (2) natural production system in which no implants or ionophores were used. Within each production system, cattle were allocated for slaughter at 545 or 636 kg liveweight. Steers were fed an 85.5% concentrate diet based on high-moisture corn, soybean meal, and alfalfa silage. Average daily gain tended to be greater (P<0.06) in conventional production system cattle, while there was a trend (P<0.08) for production system by endpoint interactions for dry matter intake and gain to feed. Natural production system cattle tended to have greater (P<0.08) marbling and percent intramuscular fat (%IMF) with lower (P<0.09) longissimus shear force, while production system by endpoint interactions were present (P ≤ 0.03) for%IMF and carcass lean composition via rib dissection. At-home consumer evaluation of longissimus muscle steaks found tenderness, juiciness, flavour, and overall acceptability rankings were greater (P<0.01) for steaks slaughtered from heavier cattle (636 vs. 545 kg liveweight). Marketing cattle at lighter slaughter weights may have benefits for performance at the expense of eating quality.

scholarly journals 198 Beef cattle support system modeling

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 68-69
Author(s):  
Robin R White
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Production System ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Mechanistic Models ◽  
Cattle Production ◽  
Life Cycle Assessments ◽  
System Models ◽  
Beef Cattle Production ◽  
Farm System

Abstract A model is a tool used to study the dynamics of a system when investigations on the system itself are difficult because of scope, scale, sensitivity, or other complexities. Beef cattle production in the United States is at least a 2- to 4-phase process, consisting of economic, social, environmental, and biological relationships. As such, modeling is a logical strategy to handle many research questions focused on systems responses of beef cattle production systems. There are a number of modeling tools that can be used to research beef cattle production settings, including but not limited to: nutrient requirement models, pasture models, farm system models, and life cycle assessments. Life cycle assessments are the broadest category of models and typically fall under the umbrella of static, deterministic, empirical models that encompass the entirety of the beef production system from manufacture of the inputs through production of the outputs. There are a number of life cycle assessments of beef cattle production systems and comparison of the outcome of these models is a strategy to discern how changes in one aspect of the production system affect all downstream processes. Farm system models can assess an individual economic enterprise or an entirety of a beef production system and typically are dynamic, mechanistic models of the interactions between cattle and their external environments. Several researchers have also established deterministic, empirical farm system models, or hybrids of these two model types. Pasture models can be independent of or tightly linked with farm system models. Most pasture models are dynamic, mechanistic models; however, deterministic, empirical models also exist. Pasture models typically seek to model plant/soil/water interactions. Finally, animal response models and nutrient requirement models can be used to represent animal/feed/management interactions. These models can be dynamic or static, deterministic or mechanistic.

scholarly journals Effect of Production System and Age on the Growth Performance and Carcass Traits of Pheasants (Phasianus colchicus)

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 219-229
Author(s):  
Umut Sami Yamak ◽  
Musa Sarica ◽  
Mehmet Akif Boz ◽  
Ahmet Ucar
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Production System ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Carcass Traits ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Phasianus Colchicus ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Free Range ◽  
Slaughter Age

AbstractA total of 211 pheasants (Phasianus colchicus) were reared using two different production systems (free range and intensive) to determine the effect of production system and slaughter age on growth performance and carcass traits. Birds were slaughtered at 14, 16, and 18 weeks of age. Production system did not significantly affect body weight until 18 weeks; at this age, pheasants reared in free range exhibited a higher average weight (1149 g vs. 1012 g). Total feed consumption and feed conversion ratios did not differ among production systems. The most in-demand portions of the carcass (breast and leg) were not affected by differences in production system. The leg and breast proportions which were the most edible parts of the carcass were around 26% and 35%, respectively, in both free-range and intensive systems.

scholarly journals Reproductive Performance of Beef Cattle Raised Under SPR Program in Tegal Regency

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aji Gunawan ◽  
Akhmad Sodiq ◽  
Krismiwati Muatip ◽  
Novie Andri Setianto
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Production System ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Nutrition Management ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Quantitative Design ◽  
Farmer Groups ◽  
Spss Software ◽  
Analyze Data

The purpose of this research was to assess the reproductive performance of beef cattle based on different production systems. Survey research was carried out in Margasari Subdistrict, Tegal Regency, Central Java Province, in 13 farmer groups (a total of 188 breeders and 557 beef cattle) who took shelter in the SPR Program The qualitative and quantitative design framework is used to obtain comprehensive data. The questionnaire was used to get data and respondents determined by census method. SPSS software is used to analyze data. The results showed that 38.46% of farmer groups implemented a crop-livestock-system (CLS), 30.77% of farmer groups implemented a livestock-forestry system (LFS), and 30.77% of farmer groups implemented a crop-livestock-forestry-system (CLFS) in producing beef cattle. The results of the present study were significantly (P<0.05) there were differences in each reproductive performance parameter (BCS, S / C, CR, CI, and CC), which was observed in each beef production system (CLFS, CLS, and LFS). The results of this study also provide an overview of the simultaneous effects on the application of the production system to the reproductive performance of beef cattle. Although there has been certain variation between the production systems, the reproductive performance of the observed beef cattle has not been satisfactory. Improving nutrition management in cattle is needed to realize successful reproductive performance.

scholarly journals Kinerja dan Perbaikan Sistim Produksi Peternakan Sapi Potong Berbasis Kelompok di Pedesaan

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akhmad Sodiq ◽  
Nur Hidayat
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Group Dynamics ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Production System ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Cattle Farm ◽  
Cattle Farmer

(Performance and improving beef cattle production system of farmer group based in the rural areas)ABSTRACT. The objectives of this study was to determine the performance of beef cattle farm under improved production systems of farmer group in the rural areas. Data were collected from 20 beef cattle farmer groups located in Cilacap, Banyumas, Banjarnegara and Kebumen regencies. Intervension factors such as improved production system including aspects of institutional, banking access, diversification of business, trading, and development programs. Regular reporting, interviews, field observations, and forum group discussion were implemented. Descriptive analysis was applied in this study. Variables focused on livestock production systems improvement, type and performance of development program, social resource potential and group dynamics, productivity levels, and also proposed program and recommendations of action programs. This study revealed that 10% of beef cattle farmer group implementing fattening cattle, and mostly (90%) applying combination of cow-calf operation and fattening. All of the beef cattle farmer group (100%) had a high score of social resources potential, while the group dynamics tend to stable (60%) and increased (40%). Mean of reproduction performance were 2.4 (S/C), 13.7 month (calving interval), and 76.5% (pregnancy rate). In general, BCS ranging from 4 to 7 with the highest score of 6 (45%) and followed by 7 (40%). Follow-up activities for recommendation of the action program could be the Beef Cattle Cluster Development of Farmer Group Based in the Rural Areas.

scholarly journals Socio-economic Diagnosis of Ornamental Horticulture in Togo

2012 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Raoufou Radji ◽  
Patrick Van Damme ◽  
Kouami Kokou ◽  
Koffi Akpagana
Keyword(s):  
Production System ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Urban Housing ◽  
Processing Plant ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Ornamental Horticulture ◽  
Development Plans ◽  
Main Production ◽  
Permanent Employees

Production systems in ornamental horticulture in Togo are very diverse in terms of speculation, access to land (variable surfaces, direct or indirect forms of tenure, acquisition methods and land use, etc.) and socio-economic profiles of farmers (men, women, young, old, people with little or no qualifications, rural to urban, etc.). The family horticultural production system, which represents over 90% of 55 horticultural farms of this study, is the main production system. It is characterized by areas of less than 0.1 hectare and farms in relative land insecurity (97% of land used to belong to the state). Throughout the system, there is a salaried labor representing 5-8% of turnover. Temporary and permanent employees are paid on weekends or at the end of the month. Farmers use gardening equipment and processing plant more or less modern including clippers, shears, pruners and sprayers. Production units provide direct employment (more than 3 employees per unit) and directly to several hundred people. Horticulture in urban and peri-urban areas improves the living conditions of farmers (income) and the population (embellishment of streets, maintenance or creation of green areas buffer) despite some negative externalities associated particularly with the use of prohibited pesticides and uncontrolled use of spaces along the roads. Its survival is threatened by many constraints, including the extension of urban housing and road building. In Togo, beneficial effects of ornamental horticulture may be more noticeable if the political authorities, private stakeholders and the researchers work together to organize the sector. It could thus participate effectively in the formal economy, and the emergence of true development plans at the municipal level.

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