scholarly journals Influence of Information Behaviour and Perceived Risks on Substance Use of Undergraduates in Universities in Ogun State, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-61
Author(s):  
Ruth Onajite Owolabi ◽  
Adebowale Ifeoluwa Ojo ◽  
Chinyere Nkechi Ikonne
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Significant Influence ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
World Health ◽  
University Management ◽  
Perceived Risks ◽  
Information Behaviour ◽  
Ogun State ◽  
Validated Questionnaire ◽  
Health Organization

This study investigated the influence of information behaviour and perceived risks on substance use among undergraduates in universities in Ogun State, Nigeria.The study adopted survey research design. The population comprised 82,809 undergraduates in 14 approved private, state and federal universities in Ogun State, Nigeria. Krejcie and Morgan table was used to determine the sample size of 1,513 undergraduates. A two-stage random sampling technique was used to select the respondents. A validated questionnaire was used for data collection. The Cronbach‟s alpha reliability coefficients for the constructs ranged from 0.89 to 0.99. The response rate of 93.9% was achieved. Data were analysed using descriptive and inferential (multiple regression) statistics. Findings showed that information behaviour and perceived risks had no combined significant influence on substance use among undergraduates (Adj R2 = -.001, F(2, 1417)= .627, p>0.05). Additionally, among other findings, it was discovered that information behaviour had a significant influence on substance use among the undergraduates (R2= .022, β = .149, t(1,414)= 6.420, p<0.05 The study concluded that information behaviour and perceived risks did not jointly influence substance use. However, both information behaviour and perceived risks, on individual basis influenced substance use. The study recommended that university management and stakeholders should intensify efforts to increase awareness programs to eradicate substance use on university campuses. Intervention from World Health Organization.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Covid-19 Prevention and Control Protocol Compliance Among Pupil’s in Ikenne Local Government Area, Ogun State

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 74-91
Author(s):  
Dada E.N. ◽  
Amosu A.M.
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Hand Washing ◽  
World Health ◽  
Ministry Of Education ◽  
School Students ◽  
Ogun State ◽  
Validated Questionnaire ◽  
Prevention Protocol

In early December 2019, an outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by a novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), occurred in Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China. On January 30, 2020 the World Health Organization declared the outbreak as a Public Health Emergency of International Concern. On 26th January, President Mohammed Buhari released COVID-19 health. With the emergence of the second wave of COVID-19 parent/guardians, teachers, schools administrators and other stakeholders were to ensure full compliance with all COVID-19 protocols as released by NCDC and Government. Survey research design was used for the study. The population comprised of 481primary school students and teachers in the ten government and private owned primary schools in Ikenne Local Government of Ogun State. Total enumeration sampling technique was adopted. A structured and validated questionnaire was used to collect the data. Cronbach’s alpha reliability coefficient for the constructs obtained was 0.893. The response rate was 89%. Data analysis was done using descriptive and inferential statistics. The finding showed that all the respondents were aware of COVID-19. This finding indicated that schools’ comply with Federal Ministry of Education guidelines on schools and learning facilities reopening after COVID-19 closures in Ogun State. The findings of this study revealed that the majority of the pupils had good adherence to COVID-19 prevention protocol as compared with the teachers who had poor compliance to COVID prevention protocol. Relative to other prevention strategies, wearing of facemask was the least implemented measure by the teachers. The findings revealed that the schools faced some of these challenges that hinder the effective implementation of the prevention protocol such as inadequate supply of hand washing soap and water, inadequate supply of hand sanitizers, inadequate classroom, inadequate enforcement of social distance and inadequate cleaning and disinfectant for cleaning of surface objects. Findings concluded that the schools complied with Federal Ministry of Education guidelines on schools and learning facilities reopening after COVID-19 closures in Ogun state, Nigeria to a great extent. The guideline incorporates preventive measures such as hand washing, social distancing, wearing of face masks to contain and minimize the spread of the virus. The compliance to Federal Ministry of Education guidelines on schools and learning facilities reopening after COVID-19 closures is the right direction toward reducing the transmission of the disease.

scholarly journals Awareness and satisfaction with antenatal care services among pregnant women in Lagos state, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 21-27
Author(s):  
Iyabo Yewande Ademuyiwa ◽  
Rosaline O. Opeke ◽  
Adekunbi Abosesde Farotimi ◽  
Adeolu Ejidokun ◽  
Atinuke O. Olowe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antenatal Care ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
World Health ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Validated Questionnaire ◽  
Lagos State ◽  
Ethical Approval ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
High Level

Objectives: Despite the growing interest and efforts by government to make popular use of antenatal care (ANC) services in Nigeria as recommended by the World Health Organization, high level of infant and maternal mortality remains a major public health challenge facing the country. Dissatisfaction toward ANC services among pregnant women may be attributed to low level of awareness. This study assessed the level of awareness and satisfaction of ANC services among pregnant women in Lagos state, Nigeria. Material and Methods: The study adopted a survey research design. A multistage sampling technique was utilized to recruit participants for this study. A validated questionnaire was used for data collection and data were analyzed using both descriptive and inferential statistics. Ethical approval was obtained from Babcock University Health Research Ethics Committee with approval no: BUHREC543/17. Approval was also obtained from health service commission and in the six general hospitals used for the study. Informed consent was taken and respondents were reassured of the privacy and confidentiality of the information obtained. Results: The results showed that most of the respondents (85.6%) were in their reproductive years, that is, ages 23–37. The results showed that the level of awareness had a significant influence on pregnant women’s satisfaction with the services (β = 0.460, F(1,1313) = 351.499, R2 = 0.211, P < 0.05). The level of awareness of ANC services was high (M = 4.31, SD = 1.01) on a scale of 5. Conclusion: The study concluded that awareness of ANC services positively impacts pregnant women’s satisfaction with the services in Lagos state. Efforts should be made to improve the level of awareness of pregnant mothers to achieve greater satisfaction with ANC services in Lagos state.

Prevention Knowledge and Its Practice Towards COVID-19 Among General Population of Saudi Arabia: A Gender-based Perspective

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Freah Alshammary ◽  
Ammar Ahmed Siddiqui ◽  
Junaid Amin ◽  
Muhammad Ilyas ◽  
Hassaan Anwer Rathore ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
World Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Validated Questionnaire ◽  
Gender Based ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Better Than

Background: This study is an original contribution to the gender-based perspective of measuring knowledge and practice towards COVID-19 among Saudi population. Objective: This study investigates the existing knowledge of COVID-19 among both genders and its likely use in practice to combat COVID-19. Design and Setting: Cross sectional study with an online survey and data collected from all the five regions of Saudi Arabia. Participants and Method: A structured, self-reported validated questionnaire was developed based on the World Health Organization (WHO) general public advice towards COVID-19 prevention. This study has employed snow-ball sampling technique. Sample Size: 627 participants (Male n=343, 54.7%) and (Females n=284, 45.3%) Results: This study has found that women not only carry better knowledge, but their practicing behavior is far better than the male respondents. Females practiced their knowledge of hands hygiene more in comparison to males (86% vs 80 %, p >0.05). Female respondents were also practicing more about sneezing/coughing into their elbows as compared to males(79 % vs 71%, p < 0.05). Likewise, the practice of knowledge of staying at home to prevent infection (females 98.2 % vs males 95.5%, p > 0.05), and (females 83.2 % vs males 81.5%, p > 0.05) respectively. Conclusion: This study shows that women were more compliant to the WHO public health covid-19 prevention advice than men which can decrease the chances of covid-19 infection.

scholarly journals Physical Activity, Sedentary Behavior, Sleep and Self-Regulation in Spanish Preschoolers during the COVID-19 Lockdown

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 693
Author(s):  
Alicia M. Alonso-Martínez ◽  
Robinson Ramírez-Vélez ◽  
Yesenia García-Alonso ◽  
Mikel Izquierdo ◽  
Antonio García-Hermoso
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Sedentary Time ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
National Level ◽  
Global Strategy ◽  
World Health ◽  
Lifestyle Behaviors ◽  
Public Health Response ◽  
Validated Questionnaire ◽  
Health Organization

Background: A better understanding of the effects of the lockdown on lifestyle behaviors may help to guide the public health response to COVID-19 at a national level and to update the global strategy to respond COVID-19 pandemic. The aim of the study was to examine the effects of the COVID-19 lockdown on device-measured physical activity (PA), sedentary time, sleep and self-regulation; and to determine whether PA and sleep are related to self-regulation problems during the lockdown. Methods: PA, sedentary time and sleep were assessed using accelerometry in the week in which the Spanish national state of alarm was declared (n = 21). Parents reported preschooler’s self-regulation difficulties (internalizing and externalizing) before (n = 268) and during the lockdown (n = 157) by a validated questionnaire. Results: Preschoolers showed a decrease in total PA (mean difference [MD] = −43.3 min per day, 95% CI −68.1 to −18.5), sleep efficiency (MD = −2.09%, 95% CI −4.12 to −0.05), an increase in sedentary time (MD = 50.2 min per day, 95% CI 17.1 to 83.3) internalizing (MD = 0.17, 95% CI 0.06 to 0.28) and externalizing (MD = 0.33, 95% CI 0.23 to 0.44) problems. Preschoolers who met the World Health Organization recommendations for PA had lower internalizing scores than non-active peers (MD = −1.28, 95% CI −2.53 to −0.03). Conclusions: Our findings highlight the importance of meeting PA recommendations to reduce psychosocial difficulties during a lockdown situation.

scholarly journals Knowledge of HIV and benefits of male medical circumcision amongst clients in an urban area

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abidemi Faleye
Keyword(s):  
Urban Area ◽  
Hiv Transmission ◽  
World Health ◽  
Routine Practice ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Innovative Methods ◽  
Validated Questionnaire ◽  
Preventative Strategy ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Health Organization

Background: Male medical circumcision (MMC) has been shown to reduce the risk of HIV transmission in circumcised men by up to 60%. Following recommendations from the World Health Organization, South Africa adopted MMC as a preventative strategy against HIV in 2010 and set up circumcision camps across the country. Concerns have been raised about condom avoidance following MMC because of a mistaken belief about the benefits of MMC.Aim and setting: The aim of this study was to describe the profile and knowledge about HIV and circumcision amongst men presenting for MMC in an urban area in KwaZulu-Natal.Methods: This was a cross-sectional descriptive study of 394 clients over the age of 18 years who presented to two MMC sites in Durban between November 2012 and March 2013. A validated questionnaire was used to collect data.Results: The mean age of clients presenting for MMC was 28 years. Most clients were black, single, unemployed and sexually active. The majority presented for MMC because they believed that MMC would reduce their risk of acquiring HIV infection. Knowledge about HIV transmission was very good and 86.3% of clients were aware that risky sexual behaviour suchas condom avoidance could reverse the benefits of MMC.Conclusion: The knowledge of HIV and benefits of MMC was very good amongst those presenting for MMC. However as MMC is primarily a preventative strategy, innovative methods to promote MMC prior to first sexual encounter need to be explored. Further research is needed to determine whether the benefits of MMC on the reduction of HIV transmission aresustained in routine practice. [Full text article to follow]

scholarly journals Socio-epidemiological study of malnutrition and associated risk factors among under five children in rural Rajasthan

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 774
Author(s):  
Anjana Verma ◽  
Dhriti Chugh ◽  
Ashish Patyal ◽  
Jitendra Kumar Meena ◽  
Medha Mathur
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
World Health ◽  
Sociocultural Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Under Five Children ◽  
Validated Questionnaire ◽  
Study Population

Background: Malnutrition continues to be a major problem in India and is rightfully described as “the silent emergency.” Sociocultural factors and rural urban disparity in health services in our country further impact the health outcomes. The effects of malnutrition are long-term and trap generations in the vicious circle of poverty. Improving nutrition is therefore essential to accelerate economic growth and development of the country.Methods: It was a community-based cross-sectional study conducted among 200 under five children residing in rural Udaipur, Rajasthan. Random sampling technique was used to select the study participants. A structured validated questionnaire was used to collect socio demographic data, birth history, Anganwadi beneficiary status etc. Mid upper arm circumference (MUAC), weight and heights were recorded and classified as underweight, wasted and stunted, using standard World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines.Results: This study revealed that 58% of the study population was stunted, 45% was wasted, 54% was underweight and 5% was overweight of the study population was overweight. Regarding the association of malnutrition parameters with other factors, it was found that malnutrition was high among female children, lower socioeconomic class, children of low educated mothers and children who were not exclusively breast fed.Conclusions: To combat malnutrition in India, there is need of multifaceted approach, taking into account the sociocultural determinants, demographic variables, especially in rural areas. In addition to providing supplementary nutrition, innovations regarding specific interventions targeted towards vulnerable population is necessary.

scholarly journals The mediating effect of self-esteem on emerging adults’ materialism and anxiety

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Astri Rahmadina ◽  
Fuad Nashori ◽  
Sonny Andrianto
Keyword(s):  
Emerging Adulthood ◽  
Emerging Adults ◽  
Life Stage ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
World Health ◽  
Quota Sampling ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
The Relationship

World Health Organization (WHO) announced that anxiety disorders are ranked as the sixth-largest contributor to non-fatal health loss globally, and these disorders are most prevalent during a human’s emerging adulthood period. Emerging adulthood is an individual’s life stage that roughly lasts from ages 18 to 25. This study aims to find out the mediating effect of self-esteem on the relationship between materialism and anxiety of emerging adults living in Yogyakarta. For data collection, we used a quota sampling technique which involved 332 emerging adults aged 18 to 25 years. Participants were measured with Richins and Dawson’s Materialistic Value Scale, Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale, and Beck Anxiety Inventory. These scales were distributed to the research participants via online questionnaires. A causal step approach was used in mediation regression analysis to test the hypothesis. Research results showed that the hypothesis was accepted: self-esteem partially mediated materialism and anxiety, although the mediation was minimal.

scholarly journals HUBUNGAN MINAT MEMBACA BUKU KIA DENGAN PENGETAHUAN IBU HAMIL TENTANG BUKU KIA

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 188
Author(s):  
Faradina Nur Annisa
Keyword(s):  
Research Result ◽  
Rank Correlation ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
World Health ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Spearman Rank ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Reading Interest ◽  
Pregnant Mothers

Maternal Mortality Rate (MMR) in Indonesia is still high relatively, recent data from the World Health Organization in 2011 the MMR in Indonesia is 240/100 thousands birth rate. One of the eff ort developed by Ministry of Health is empowering families and people by KIA book. KIA book is an important book for pregnant mothers. One of way to get knowledge well, a person must have an interest to read. This research aimed for knowing the relationship between reading interest of KIA book with pregnant mothers knowledge about KIA book. Research This research used analytic observational with cross sectionalapproach. Population in this research is all of pregnant mothers in the 2nd and 3rd semester that have KIA book in Rural Clinic Pulungdowo Tumpang, with the amount of population is 36 people. Sample taking use purposive sampling technique with the number of 33 people. Data processing displayed in thefrequency distribution table and analyzed using Spearman Rank correlation test, research result shows that half of respondent, 33.3% has high interest and well knowledge. Based Spearman Rank test with signifi cance level 0.05, obtained signifi cance value 0.000  0.05, it means that there is a relationship between reading interest of KIA book with pregnant mothers knowledge about KIA book.Keywords: Reading interest, Pregnant mothers, KIA book, Knowledge

scholarly journals AN ASSESSMENT OF PERCEPTION OF WASTE-PICKERS AND RISK-PROTECTIVE BEHAVIOUR FROM SELECTED DUMPSITES IN OGUN STATE NIGERIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 47-57
Author(s):  
A. M. Amosu ◽  
A. Tella
Keyword(s):  
Elementary Education ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Protective Behavior ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Poor Risk ◽  
Ogun State ◽  
Validated Questionnaire ◽  
Waste Handling ◽  
Waste Pickers

Waste-pickers experience situations which place them at high risk of developing morbidities mainly external and internal injuries. The present study investigated the waste-pickers perception of waste-handling and risk-protective behavior from chosen dumpsites in Ogun State, Nigeria. This study adopted a cross-sectional design and a multi-stage sampling technique, this was used to choose 60 waste-pickers. A structured and validated questionnaire was used for data collection. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics. Educated waste-pickers had elementary education. The time interval of waste-picking ranged from 1 to 15 years. The majority of the waste-pickers had a poor perception of waste-handling. The majority of the waste-pickers had poor risk-protective behavior. Only 9(15%) reported using personal protective gears every time. The waste-pickers reported that they used the following PPEs; long sleeve shirt 46(22.0%) and trousers 51(24.4%). However, few used trousers 51(24.4%); boot/shoe 43(20.6%) and cap 24(11.5%). Fifty percent of the waste-pickers reported that they washed up after the day’s job. In conclusion, the waste-pickers had poor perception and poor risk-protective behavior. This study recommends that policy makers and charity organizations should educate waste-pickers on the importance of using protective gears and proper waste-handling.

scholarly journals The Study of Mental Health and Mobile Phone Addiction among Adolescences

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Borale Yogesh Prabhakar ◽  
Dr. Khalane Shashikant Hari
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mobile Phone ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
World Health ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Mobile Phone Addiction ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization

Aim: According to the world health organization, health means the person is not only free from any physical and psychological illness but (s)he should be fit socially too as well as no health without mental health. The present study aimed to investigate the level and difference of mental health and mobile phone addiction among adolescences. Methods: This study was done on 400 adolescences (200 boy and 200girl students) through random sampling technique. Mithila Mental Health Status Inventory and mobile phone addiction were used to collect data. Data were analyzed by using Mean, S.D, t-test and f-test. Results: Result proves it there is interaction affect among gender and level of mobile phone addiction in terms of mental health as well as no significant difference in mental health among adolescence between low mobile phone addiction and average mobile phone addiction level.

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