scholarly journals in vivo antibacterial and therapeutic properties of P. ostreatus against Staphylococcus aureus

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 273-281
Author(s):  
B.A. Oyekanmi ◽  
A.K. Onifade ◽  
I.B. Osho ◽  
O.T. Ajayi
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pleurotus Ostreatus ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Bacterial Count ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
World Population ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats

Objectives: The use of natural products is embraced by a larger percentage of the world population. Most species of fungi including mushrooms produce useful secondary metabolites that stimulate the immune system against infection and diseases. Investigations were conducted to assay the therapeutic potentials of P. ostreatus against pathogenic staph infection.Methods: The methanol extract of P. ostreatus was prepared using the cold extraction method. Thirty Wistar albino rats weighing 82.0 g to 99.2 g were distributed into 6 groups of 5 and inoculated orally with actively growing Staphylococcus aureus suspension. P. ostreatus methanol extract LD > 5000 mg/kg 50 was used to determine the graded doses for the study. Graded doses of the extract 625 mg, 1250 mg, and 2500 mg were administered orally to the experimental animals for seven days.Results: The negative control and 625 mg had skin ulceration while 1250 mg to 2500 mg produced apparently healthy skin. Bacterial count after 7 days post-treatment was significantly high in the negative control and 625 mg dose (32.00 x 104 ± 6.10b; 43.40 x 104 ± 6.20b Cfu/ml) P< 0.05. Haematological and serum biochemical values were not significantly P < 0.05 affected. Pleurotus ostreatus administration at 1250 to 2500 mg produced a statistically low colony count that was comparable with 13.33 mg Ciprofloxacin and placebo.Conclusion: Pleurotus ostreatus at 1250 to 2500 mg was able to produce clinical recovery from S. aureus infection while 625 mg could not. The extract had no deleterious effect on the blood parameters, liver enzymes, and kidney biomarkers.  

In vivo Antioxidant and Hepato-Protective Properties of Stem Bark Methanol Extract of Vitex doniana

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-40
Author(s):  
Simon C. Mailafiya ◽  
Sherifat O. Kolawole ◽  
Abdulazeez K. Adeniyi ◽  
Bala A. Muhammed ◽  
Abdulfatai Ismail ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Damage ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Albumin Concentration ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Control Drug ◽  
Vitex Doniana

Abstract The harmful effects that accompany the use of orthodox antioxidant medicine have necessitated the hunt for inherent antioxidants from plants extracts. In the present study, the in vivo antioxidant and hepato-protective activities of Vitex doniana against carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) induced liver damage in albino rats were investigated. The hepato-protective activities of the methanol extract of Vitex doniana stem bark were compared with Silymarin, a known hepatoprotective drug. Twenty-five (25) male albino adult rats were grouped into five (5) each. Group 1 and 2 was used as the normal and negative control respectively. Group 3-5 were treated with 200 mg/kg, 400 mg/kg methanol extract of Vitex doniana stem bark and 100 mg/kg Silymarin respectively. Results indicated that elevated levels of serum ALT, AST and ALB, and reduced serum SOD, GST and CAT in CCl4-hepatotoxic rats was an evidence of impairment in liver function. Administration of methanol extract of Vitex doniana stem bark (200 and 400 mg/kg body weight) and standard control drug Silymarin (100 mg/kg) have no significant (P>0.05) effect on CCl4- induced elevations of the ALT and AST levels while the reduction in albumin concentration, total proteins, SOD, GST and CAT due to CCl4 was reversed. In conclusion, Vitex doniana exhibited significant antioxidant and hepatoprotective properties in CCL4 induced liver damage in rat, and thus could be used and incorporated in the development of new and effective antioxidant drugs.

scholarly journals INVESTIGATION ON IN VIVO ANALGESIC ACTIVITY OF METHANOL EXTRACT OF MARINE BROWN ALGA SPATOGLOSSUM ASPERUM J. AGARTH

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 313
Author(s):  
Pandithurai M ◽  
Murugesan S ◽  
Sivamurugan V
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Analgesic Activity ◽  
Brown Alga ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Significant Activity ◽  
Study Evaluation ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats

Objective: In the present study, evaluation of the methanol extract of Spatoglossum asperum, brown marine algae on the analgesic activity using animal model was focussed.Methods: Acetic acid-induced writhing test on Wistar albino rats at a dosage of 10 mg/kg body weight of algal extract have been carried out. It showed significant analgesic activity by reducing the number of acetic acid-induced writhing.Results: The animals at a dosage of 10 mg/kg body weight exhibited, 70.52% of the animals were protected using S. asperum extract, on the other hand, the standard, diclofenac protected 84.21% of the animals. The results are statistically significant at p<0.001, and the investigation revealed dose-dependent significant activity in comparison with standard and control.Conclusion: Hence, it can be concluded that the methanol extracts of the brown alga S. asperum have potent analgesic activity at moderate doses.

scholarly journals Antidiarrheal Potential of Methanol Extract of Combretum dolichopetalum and its Fractions in Wistar Albino Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chinedu Nwuke ◽  
Bartholomew Ibeh
Keyword(s):  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Fecal Excretion ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
It Use ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Small Intestinal Transit ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats ◽  
Glucose Estimation ◽  
Crude Methanol Extract

Aim: The study investigated the antidiarrheal potential of methanol extract of Combretum dolichopetalum and its solvent fractions. Method: Leaves of Combretum dolichopetalum were extracted using methanol as solvent. This was classified as the crude methanol extract (MECD). The crude extract was further fractionated using column chromatographic techniques to get various fractions. Castor oil was used to induce diarrhea in the animals, following atropine and the plant extracts to confirm any antidiarrheal activity. Fecal excretion and absorption/secretion ratio, enteropooling, small intestinal transit, glucose estimation, free fatty acid estimation and fecal osmolarity were employed to serve as antidiarrheal biomarker. Result: result showed improvements in all studied biomarkers compared to the negative control. The extract worked similarly like the standard drug used atropine. Conclusion: From the result of this study, it can be concluded that the methanol extract of Combretum dolichopetalum and it fractions contains compounds with antidiarrheal potentials, and this justifies it use in ethnomedicine.

Secondary metabolites from Lantana camara L. flowers extract exhibit in vivo anti-urolithiatic activity in adult Wistar albino rats

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Marwa I. Ezzat ◽  
Salsabeel N. El Gendy ◽  
Ahmed S. Saad ◽  
Walied S. Abdo ◽  
Aly M. EL Sayed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Lantana Camara ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats

In Vivo Anti-Anemic Effect of an Aqueous Root Extract of Phyllanthus Muellerianus (Kuntze) Exell in Model Rats.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Nyirenda ◽  
Gershom B. Lwanga ◽  
Kaampwe M. Muzandu ◽  
David K. Chuba ◽  
Gibson M. Sijumbila
Keyword(s):  
Plant Extract ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Root Extract ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Aqueous Root Extract

Abstract Ethnopharmacological relevanceAnemia is a very serious condition in Zambia. One of the plants that has been used traditionally is Phyllanthus muellerianus where different parts of shrub are used to treat a number of diseases in Zambian folklore medicine. Earlier studies have investigated medicinal properties of its aqueous root extracts. This study evaluated the effect of P. muellerianus roots on the hematological indices of albino rats and determined its phytochemical profile. Aim of the studyTo carry out phytochemical screening of the root extract and assess the ant-anemic effect of the aqueous extract on laboratory rats with tail-bled induced anemia Materials and MethodsThirty-six male albino rats placed in six groups were used for the study. The groups comprised the 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg plant extract, Ranferon (200 mg/kg) positive control, anemic non treated control and a normal (non-anemic) control. Anemia, induced through bleeding of the rats, was defined as hemoglobin (Hb) levels less than 12 g/dL. The anti-anemic potential of the plant was determined by comparing its effect on the hematological parameters of rats on treatment to that of the control group.ResultsAfter treatment, rats on the 400 mg/kg plant extract dose showed the greatest increase in the mean values for Hb, Packed cell volume (PCV) and RBC count were 43.3±1.2%, 15.4±0.3 g/dL and 6.3±0.3 x106 /mL respectively, when compared to the negative control group (P < 0.05). Phytochemical screening revealed positive results for alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, glycosides, steroids, triterpenoids and tannins with varying amounts.Conclusions. The aqueous root extract of P. muellerianus was efficacious against anemia in a dose-dependent manner. The phytochemical compositions seem to be responsible for its hematopoietic properties. Thus, the root decoction of P. muellerianus is useful in alleviating anemia and the results lend credence to its use in traditional medicine in the management of anemia.

scholarly journals UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI ISOLAT SENYAWA GOLONGAN TERPENOID DARI BIJI PEPAYA (Carica papaya L.) TERHADAP Staphylococcus aureus SECARA IN VIVO PADA KELINCI JANTAN

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Carica Papaya ◽  
Test Group ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Test Substance ◽  
Color Test ◽  
Group 15

research on the isolation of terpenoid class of compounds from the seeds of papaya (Carica papaya L.) and test its activity against Staphylococcus aureus in vivo in male rabbits. This research aims to prove that the terpenoid compounds isolated from the seeds of papaya (Carica papaya L.) can inhibit the growth of Staphylococcus aureus in vivo. Separation of terpenoid compounds by column chromatography ((eluent n-hexane: ethyl acetate: ethanol)) resulted in 25 eluates, and then merged based on the results of identification by TLC ((nhexane: ethyl acetate (8: 2)) and the color test reagent Lieburmann -Burchard produce 5 fraction groups. fraction D showed positive terpenoids with Rf 0.75 and the color purple with Lieburmann-Burchard reagent. study using 15 rabbits were divided into 5 groups: P1 (negative control), P2 (positive control) , P3 (5% of the test group), P4 (10% of the test group), P5 (test group 15%). each group was given the intracutaneous Staphylococcus aureus as 0,2ml on the backs of rabbits. Having symptoms of infection each group was given the test substance 3 times a day topically, the observed parameter is the diameter of the wound, and histopathological observations performed on days 3,6 and 9 Analysis of the results of research conducted using ANSIRA showed highly significant differences between groups (p <0.05). Then proceed with the analysis of the results of the analysis HSD test showed highly significant differences in the test group 5% to 10% of the test group and the test group 15%. Isolates terpenoid class of compounds from the seeds of papaya (Carica Papaya L.) with a concentration of 10% and 15% can inhibit the growth of Staphylococcus aureus. Keywords: Antibacterial, Staphylococcus aureus, male rabbits

scholarly journals Cardioprotective Potential of Ethanol Extract of Sonchus Arvensis L. Leaves on Isoproterenol-Induced Myocardial Infarction in Rat

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 20
Author(s):  
Neng Fisheri Kurniati ◽  
Elin Yulinah Sukandar ◽  
Rian Pardilah ◽  
Nova Suliska ◽  
Dhyan Kusuma Ayuningtyas
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Creatine Kinase ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Wistar Rat ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Creatine Kinase Mb ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats ◽  
Sonchus Arvensis

Sonchus arvensis L. leaves have been used traditionally to treat various disease conditions. This study is designed to evaluate cardioprotective potential of ethanol extract of S. arvensis leaves on isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarction in Wistar rat. Male Wistar albino rats were divided into three main groups: negative control (saline only), positive control (isoproterenol only), and S. arvensis extract treated groups. S. arvensis extract was administered in three doses; 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg b.w. p.o for 14 days. On day 13 and 14, isoproterenol (85 mg/kg bw) was given intraperitoneally to positive control and extract treated groups. The parameters studied were cardiac biomarker enzymes which were Creatine Kinase (CK), Creatine Kinase-MB (CK-MB), Aspartate Transaminase (AST), Alanine Transaminase (ALT) and Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH). The results showed that S. arvensis at dose of 50 mg/kg b.w. could significantly (P<0.05) reduce the level of CK, CK-MB, AST, ALT, and LDH in myocardial infarcted rats compared to positive control. The increase of the dose of S. arvensis extract was not followed by an increase of its cardioprotective activity. In conclusion, Sonchus arvensis L. leaves extract at dose of 50 mg/kg b.w. has potential to be developed as cardioprotective drug.

scholarly journals Ameliorative effect of Aerva lanata against nephrolithiasis following chronic administration of Ethylene glycol in male wistar Albino rats

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ankul Singh S ◽  
Gowri K ◽  
Chitra V
Keyword(s):  
Ethylene Glycol ◽  
Urine Volume ◽  
Chronic Administration ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Standard Group ◽  
Alcoholic Extract ◽  
Health Crisis ◽  
Group I ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats

Abstract Nephrolithiasis appear to be a major health crisis among the population with serious medical related consequences throughout the lifetime of patient. The aim of the study was to evaluate the preventive effect of the hydro-alcoholic extract of A. lanata roots on Urolithiasis rats. Thirty adults male wistar Albino rats weighing 200 – 250 g were divided into five groups comprising 6 rats in each. Group I Served as positive control with water ad libitum. Group II as negative control which is disease treated group receiving 0.75% ethylene glycol mixed with drinking water for 28 days. Group III chosen as standard group receiving ethylene glycol for first 14 days and Cystone 750 mg/Kg from day 15 till day 28. Group IV and V received ethylene glycol for first 14 days and treatment regimen of LD (400 mg/Kg) and HD 800 mg/Kg orally from day 15 till day 28. Invitro studies like Nucleation, Aggregation and Growth assays were performed. Urine volume and pH was collected and observed for change in appearance, pH, odour and turbidity. Extract was given by preparing suspension and stability was observed by measuring its parameters. On Day 29, the kidneys were dissected and histopathology was done to check tubular injury. There was Increase in urine volume, enhanced excretion of urinary constituents like citrate, oxalate etc. and improving clearance rate. Improvement in pH and antioxidant activity was observed in treated groups. The extract showed that it has prominent effect on nephrolithiasis and has better safety profile in the dose given.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document