scholarly journals A Rationalist Critique of Sally Gadow’s Relational Nursing Ethics

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-54
Author(s):  
Uche S. Odozor ◽  
Helen N. Obilor ◽  
Olasupo O. Thompson ◽  
Ngozi S. Odozor
Keyword(s):  
Nursing Practice ◽  
Ethic Of Care ◽  
Code Of Ethics ◽  
Clinical Encounter ◽  
Contagious Diseases ◽  
Internet Resources ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Late Twentieth ◽  
Caring Relationship ◽  
Nursing Professionals

The ethic of care proposed by Carol Gilligan in late twentieth century instantly elicited a wide range of adaptations and elaborations in numerous disciplines, under the banner of ‘relational ethics’. Sally Gadow’s ‘relational narrative’ is one of these adaptations. Like Gilligan, Gadow aims to dismantle ethical rationalism or universalism, wherein the foregoing mainstream nursing practice had purportedly focused on applying existing philosophical theories of ethics to all conceivable clinical situations. For Gadow, every moral engagement, such as that between a nursing professional and a patient, comes with inherent unique features that render impotent any attempt at universalisation. Each clinical encounter is rather defined by the ability of the professional to engage the client in an intimate, caring relationship that enables healing to take place. Against this backdrop, this paper argues that the theory of Relational Narrative, particularly as  conceptualised and articulated by Sally Gadow, cannot be carried through without making some rationalist assumptions, because professionalism in nursing practice is by definition, a deeply embedded ingredient of rational reflection. Furthermore, nursing professionals can make progress or impact only by having recourse to the code of ethics; also, direct application of Gadow’s theory puts the nurse in a dilemma when it comes to dealing with patients suffering from chronic contagious diseases, such as the Ebola or the coronavirus disease (COVID-19). Finally, juxtaposing Gadow’s work with the ideas of the earlier scholars she criticises unsparingly, the paper found that traces of universalist, rationalist assumptions abound in her thought precisely because of the wealth of influence she has garnered from philosophers and psychologists; influences going as far back as Descartes and Kant, down to Rawls and Kohlberg. The data used for this study came from library and archival materials, as well as from internet resources.  

scholarly journals Deontological aspects of the nursing profession: understanding the code of ethics

2018 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Terezinha Nunes da Silva ◽  
Maria Eliane Moreira Freire ◽  
Monica Ferreira de Vasconcelos ◽  
Sergio Vital da Silva Junior ◽  
Wilton José de Carvalho Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Professional Practice ◽  
Professional Ethics ◽  
Nursing Practice ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Code Of Ethics ◽  
Quality Care ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Nursing Profession ◽  
Practice Method ◽  
Nursing Professionals

ABSTRACT Objective: to investigate nursing professionals' understanding concerning the Code of Ethics; to assess the relevance of the Code of Ethics of the nursing profession and its use in practice; to identify how problem-solving is performed when facing ethical dilemmas in professional practice. Method: exploratory descriptive study, conducted with 34 (thirty-four) nursing professionals from a teaching hospital in João Pessoa, PB - Brazil. Results: four thematic categories emerged: conception of professional ethics in nursing practice; interpretations of ethics in the practice of care; use of the Code of Ethics in the professional practice; strategies for solving ethical issues in the professional practice. Final considerations: some of the nursing professionals comprehend the meaning coherently; others have a limited comprehension, based on jargon. Therefore, a deeper understanding of the text contained in this code is necessary so that it can be applied into practice, aiming to provide a quality care that is, above all, ethical and legal.

Nine Centuries of Man

2017 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Diverse Range ◽  
Gender Expectations ◽  
Court Records ◽  
The Past ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Police Reports ◽  
Late Twentieth ◽  
Scottish History ◽  
Late Twentieth Century

What did it mean to be a man in Scotland over the past nine centuries? Scotland, with its stereotypes of the kilted warrior and the industrial ‘hard man’, has long been characterised in masculine terms, but there has been little historical exploration of masculinity in a wider context. This interdisciplinary collection examines a diverse range of the multiple and changing forms of masculinities from the late eleventh to the late twentieth century, exploring the ways in which Scottish society through the ages defined expectations for men and their behaviour. How men reacted to those expectations is examined through sources such as documentary materials, medieval seals, romances, poetry, begging letters, police reports and court records, charity records, oral histories and personal correspondence. Focusing upon the wide range of activities and roles undertaken by men – work, fatherhood and play, violence and war, sex and commerce – the book also illustrates the range of masculinities that affected or were internalised by men. Together, the chapters illustrate some of the ways Scotland’s gender expectations have changed over the centuries and how, more generally, masculinities have informed the path of Scottish history

Medical and Nursing Ethics: Never the Twain?

1995 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ann Gallagher
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Nursing Practice ◽  
Care Ethics ◽  
Ethics Of Care ◽  
Health Care Ethics ◽  
Nursing Ethics ◽  
Nel Noddings ◽  
Shared Learning ◽  
Caring Relationship

Since the publication of Carol Gilligan's In a different voice in 1982, there has been much discussion about masculine and feminine approaches to ethics. It has been suggested that an ethics of care, or a feminine ethics, is more appropriate for nursing practice, which contrasts with the 'traditional, masculine' ethics of medicine. It has been suggested that Nel Noddings' version of an 'ethics of care' (or feminine ethics) is an appropriate model for nursing ethics. The 'four principles' approach has become a popular model for medical or health care ethics. It will be suggested in this article that, whilst Noddings presents an interesting analysis of caring and the caring relationship, this has limitations. Rather than acting as an alternative to the 'four principles' approach, the latter is necessary to provide a framework to structure thinking and decision-making in health care. Further, it will be suggested that ethical separatism (that is, one ethics for nurses and one for doctors) in health care is not a progressive step for nurses or doctors. Three recommendations are made: that we promote a health care ethics that incorporates what is valuable in a 'traditional, masculine ethics', the why (four principles approach) and an 'ethics of care', the 'how' (aspects of Noddings' work and that of Urban Walker); that we encourage nurses and doctors to participate in the 'shared learning' and discussion of ethics; and that our ethical language and concerns are common to all, not split into unhelpful dichotomies.

scholarly journals Cuidado espiritual na prática de enfermagem oncológica ao paciente adulto

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (10) ◽  
pp. 9-17
Author(s):  
Nathalia Soares Galvão Alves ◽  
Conceição Senhorinha S. Raio ◽  
Taynara De Melo Costa ◽  
Gustavo Henrique Campos Rodrigues
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
Spiritual Care ◽  
Nursing Practice ◽  
Disease Process ◽  
Caribbean Literature ◽  
Oncology Nursing ◽  
Coping With Cancer ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
Religiosity And Spirituality ◽  
Nursing Professionals

Compreender os cuidados espirituais na prática de enfermagem e evidenciar a importância da espiritualidade no enfrentamento do paciente oncológico. Revisão integrativa da literatura, levantamento bibliográfico através de busca eletrônica das publicações nacionais inseridas na base de dados da Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS). Foram utilizadas as bases de dados indexadas LILACS (Literatura Latino-Americana do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde), BDENF (Base de Dados de Enfermagem) e (IBECS) Índice Bibliográfico Español en Ciencias de la Salud, publicadas entre 2015-2020. Os estudos demonstram que a Espiritualidade e a Religiosidade são ferramentas de grande proporção para o enfrentamento do câncer dos pacientes, mas a falta de preparo e a falha na assistência dos profissionais de saúde que atendem esses pacientes implicam em uma assistência ineficiente. A religiosidade e a espiritualidade se mostram fundamentais no decurso do processo saúde-doença para o enfrentamento do câncer.  Pacientes as utilizam como instrumentos para que tenham uma nova perspectiva no processo do adoecimento e do tratamento em si. Enfatiza-se, também, a necessidade de abranger o conhecimento dos profissionais enfermeiros acerca do cuidado espiritual.Descritores: Espiritualidade, Cuidados de Enfermagem, Enfermagem Oncológica. Spiritual care in oncology nursing practice for adult patientsAbstract: To understand spiritual care in nursing practice and to highlight the importance of spirituality in coping with cancer patients. Integrative literature review, using the LILACS (Latin American Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences) databases, BDENF (Nursing Database) and (IBECS) Bibliographic Index Español en Ciencias de la Salud. Spirituality and Religiosity are tools of great proportion for coping with patients' cancer, but the lack of preparation, the failure to assist health professionals who care for these patients implies inefficient assistance. Religiosity and spirituality are fundamental in the course of the health-disease process to face cancer and patients use them as a tool to have a new perspective in the process of illness and treatment itself, it is also emphasized the need to cover the knowledge of nursing professionals about spiritual care.Descriptors: Spirituality, Nursing Care, Oncology Nursing. Cuidado espiritual en la práctica de enfermería oncológica para pacientes adultosResumen: Comprender el cuidado espiritual en la práctica de enfermería y resaltar la importancia de la espiritualidad en el afrontamiento de pacientes con cáncer. Revisión integrativa de la literatura, utilizando las bases de datos LILACS (Literatura del Caribe Latinoamericano en Ciencias de la Salud), BDENF (Base de Datos de Enfermería) e (IBECS) Índice Bibliográfico Español en Ciencias de la Salud. La espiritualidad y la religiosidad son herramientas de gran proporción para el afrontamiento del cáncer de los pacientes, pero la falta de preparación, la falta de asistencia a los profesionales de la salud que atienden a estos pacientes implica una asistencia ineficiente. La religiosidad y la espiritualidad son fundamentales en el transcurso del proceso salud-enfermedad con una nueva perspectiva sobre el proceso de la enfermedad y el tratamiento en sí, también enfatizá-la la necesidad de abarcar el conocimiento de enfermeras profesionales sobre el cuidado espiritual.Descriptores: Espiritualidad, Cuidados de Enfermería, Enfermería Oncológica.

scholarly journals Social-philosophical aspects of educational online platform at the russian internet segment

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 16-22
Author(s):  
Anton V. Gerasimov
Keyword(s):  
Information Society ◽  
Social Philosophy ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Information Culture ◽  
Internet Resources ◽  
Current State ◽  
Online Platforms ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Structured Information

The article is devoted to the analysis of online platforms focused on a modern teacher in the space of the Russian-language Internet. The aim of the article is to identify the most effective online platforms, the integrated use of which will significantly increase the degree of informatization and digitalization of the educational process adequate to the current state of information culture. Such resources make it possible to broadcast various kinds of structured information, demonstrate both the content of the educational activities of teachers and its creative component, transmit and receive information remotely, which meets the requirements of a developing information society. Empirical, structural-functional and structural-typological methods were used in the study. The technological component of distance learning determines a wide range of technical capabilities, a sufficient number of existing Internet resources, and at the same time, equipment of educational institutions, licensed software, and content uniqueness remain problematic. From the standpoint of social philosophy, it is concluded that in the developing information society, the Russian education sector is faced with a situation where domestic educational online resources are ahead of the average level of information culture of teachers with their capabilities.

Toward Reclaiming Our Ethical Heritage: Nursing Ethics before Bioethics

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marsha Fowler
Keyword(s):  
Health Disparities ◽  
Medical Ethics ◽  
Nursing Practice ◽  
Code Of Ethics ◽  
Social Ethics ◽  
Historical Review ◽  
Biomedical Ethics ◽  
Nursing Profession ◽  
Nursing Ethics ◽  
The Social

American nursing has an extraordinary body of nursing ethics literature from the 1880s to the mid-1960s. This literature developed prior to the rise of the field of medical ethics (later termed biomedical ethics, then bioethics) in the mid-1960s, and bears little resemblance to its later counterparts. Early nursing ethics was nurse-centric; relationally based; addressed nurses’ ethical comportment in all roles; advanced the social ethics of nursing (especially in response to health disparities); and set forth ethical expectations for the profession as a whole. This first wave of nursing ethics is distinctive and differs significantly from contemporary bioethics, yet it remains grossly under-researched. It offers nurses a wise, comprehensive, generous, and learned ethics that deserves to be reclaimed for today’s nursing practice. This article will offer an author backdrop and an historical review of early nursing ethics literature; consider the nursing profession as a calling; discuss the pivot to bioethics and the Code of Ethics as anomaly.

Combating corruption in customs authorities in the context of ensuring the efficiency of public governance

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Lipentsev ◽  
O. Voytyk ◽  
N. Maziy
Keyword(s):  
Public Administration ◽  
Code Of Ethics ◽  
The State ◽  
Main Body ◽  
Public Governance ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
Material Wealth ◽  
The Public ◽  
Legal Standards ◽  
Wide Range

Problem setting. The system of public administration is a complex set of related elements and entities that interact with each other, so the manifestation of negative corruption minimizes the possibility of achieving positive results in the process of these communications. Special attention should be paid to the functioning of the customs system, which is an important part of the national economy of Ukraine. In this area, corruption abuses are extremely pronounced, given the peculiarities of the customs industry. This problem is acute and urgent, as its existence causes the progression of those negative phenomena that are currently present in the customs system of Ukraine and reduce the effectiveness of public administration in general.Recent research and publications analysis. The issue of corruption in the context of public administration is the subject of research by many scientists: V. Averyanov, O. Antonova, V. Bashtannyk, Y. Bytyak, I. Borodin, A. Vasyliev, I. Golosnichenko, E. Dodin, L. Koval, V. Kolpakov, A. Komzyuk, N. Lypovska, V. Olefir, O. Ostapenko, I. Pakhomov, O. Petrenko, S. Seryogin, I. Khozhylo, V. Shamray, H. Yarmaki etc. Given the wide range of researchers who study the specifics of corruption in the context of public administration, it is worth noting the significant gaps in the assessment of this issue from a sectoral perspective. In particular, it should be noted the great need to study corruption in customs and find ways to minimize this shameful phenomenon in modern conditions.Highlighting previously unsettled parts of the general problem. The need to analyze corruption processes in the customs authorities and substantiate offers for anti-corruption actions in the field of public administration led to the choice of the topic of the article.Paper main body. Corruption in the general sense can be defined as the illegal activity of persons called to perform the functions of the state, in the form of misuse of their powers in order to obtain benefits by increasing their material wealth, obtaining illegal services or benefits.Global trends indicate the presence of corruption in all countries, so this issue is a priority in solving all spheres of life, both developed and developing countries. In particular, public administration of European countries in the political, informational, institutional and legal context is aimed at combating corruption. To this end, there are such institutions common to EU countries as Greco, the Venice Commission, Olaf, Eurojust, Europol and others. At the interstate level, they coordinate and provide information and analytical support for anti-corruption measures, develop common legal standards in the form of community regulations.In the field of public administration, there is a sufficient legal resource on the basis of which it is possible to ensure anti-corruption policy in the state and, in particular, in the customs sphere. However, the customs system is characterized by a wide range of unresolved issues related to corruption abuses. Accordingly, there is a need to develop offers for overcoming and preventing corruption: development and implementation in the practice of customs authorities of methodological recommendations relating to their employees and aimed at resolving conflicts related to corruption; observance by customs officers of relevant ethical norms, which must harmonize with anti-corruption activities; effective application of responsibility to those guilty of corruption and comprehensive implementation of measures aimed at combating corruption; clear identification of those responsible for corruption in areas where there is a high risk of such abuses; regulation of procedures aimed at preventing corruption of customs officers in the performance of their official duties.Anti-corruption in customs authorities in the context of ensuring the effectiveness of public administration should include the implementation of the following measures: development of conceptual foundations of anti-corruption policy in the customs sphere; adopt a Code of Ethics for Customs Officers in accordance with the needs of anti-corruption policy; effective implementation of the principle of equality before the law in the context of reducing corruption; ensuring equal responsibility for corrupt actions not only for individuals but also for legal entities; ensure the absence of immunity from corrupt practices for officials, including senior executives; delimit the powers of bodies engaged in anti-corruption activities; to intensify the public to combat corruption; wide informing of the public about cases of corruption in customs bodies.Conclusions of the research and prospects for further studies. The problem of corruption in public authorities is a long-standing and painful issue in Ukraine. This problem is especially acute in the activities of customs authorities, as their activities are directly related to foreign economic activity, significant flows of goods and flows of financial resources across the customs border of the state. In turn, this is a direct threat to the country’s national security. Given the fact that Ukraine ranks relatively low in global rankings on the existence of corruption abuses, it is necessary to take decisive measures to reduce the manifestations of this phenomenon, in particular, in the customs authorities.

Resistance to Colonial Conservation and Resource Management

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Beinart ◽  
Lotte Hughes
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Political Ecology ◽  
Political Conflict ◽  
Popular Resistance ◽  
Post Colonial ◽  
Early Colonial ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Late Twentieth ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Agrarian Systems

In the remaining chapters we will focus increasingly on the response by colonized people to competition for, and commodification of, conquered environments. Political conflict over natural resources had deep historical roots in the Empire, and these issues were not resolved by dominion status for the British settler states nor decolonization after the Second World War. They fed into the politics of decolonization and into environmental debates within and beyond the post-colonial Commonwealth. Subsequent chapters traverse the moment of decolonization and explore elements of late twentieth-century political ecology. In South Asia and Africa state attempts to control and regulate natural resources changed power relations in the countryside and triggered popular resistance. Through conquest or annexation, some colonial and protectorate governments not only alienated large swathes of territory, but also assumed responsibility for and asserted rights over the natural environment. The governments of settler states moved to protect environments from careless settlers who ransacked it for wildlife or timber, and from indigenous peoples whose land-management systems were regarded as destructive. In some cases conservators recognized that European settlers wreaked more havoc than indigenes; Sim said of the Cape forests that the ‘Hottentot and Bushman inhabitants … were not intentionally destructive … But the advent of European civilization boded greater ill to the forests, and rapidly enough that ill has been accomplished.’ And some, such as Howard, saw value in local agrarian systems. But although regulation could affect all colonial subjects, it tended to bear most heavily on indigenous people. Colonial governments introduced policies of excluding humans from protected areas, as well as a wide range of other measures aimed at curbing customary user rights and maximizing state revenue. Stiff penalties were introduced to punish those who broke the new regulations, and thus the rise of bureaucratic conservationism often led to the criminalization of local resource extractors. In settler colonies the privatization of land transformed socio-environmental relationships, barring local communities from accessing resources they had long regarded as communally held and managed. In some early colonial settlements, this process echoed the enclosures of common land in eighteenth-century England. At a fundamental level it changed the value people placed upon land, setting in train a process towards individualized tenure, commercialization, and subdivision of territory.

Validity of the Italian Code of Ethics for everyday nursing practice

2016 ◽  
Vol 25 (7) ◽  
pp. 906-917
Author(s):  
Paola Gobbi ◽  
Maria Grazia Castoldi ◽  
Rosa Anna Alagna ◽  
Anna Brunoldi ◽  
Chiara Pari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Nursing Practice ◽  
Code Of Ethics ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Daily Practice ◽  
Ethical Considerations ◽  
Clinical Competencies ◽  
Ethical Problems ◽  
Specific Theme

Background: The research question for this study was as follows: Is the Code of Ethics for Nurses in Italy (Code) a valid or useful decision-making instrument for nurses faced with ethical problems in their daily clinical practice? Method: Focus groups were conducted to analyze specific ethical problems through 11 case studies. The analysis was conducted using sections of the Code as well as other relevant documents. Each focus group had a specific theme and nurses participated freely in the discussions according to their respective clinical competencies. Ethical considerations: The executive administrative committee of the local nursing licensing council provided approval for conducting this project. Measures were taken to protect the confidentiality of consenting participants. Findings: The answer to the research question posed for this investigation was predominantly positive. Many sections of the Code were useful for discussion and identifying possible solutions for the ethical problems presented in the 11 cases. Conclusion: We concluded that the Code of Ethics for Nurses in Italy can be a valuable aid in daily practice in most clinical situations that can give rise to ethical problems.

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