scholarly journals Medicinal and Health Benefits of Lemon

2020 ◽  
pp. 16-20
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Radiation Exposure ◽  
Health Benefits ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Main Ingredient ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
The Family ◽  
Main Components ◽  
In Pregnancy

Today, we still understand the collaboration between plants, drugs and food. Herbal medicines have been used for many years because of their mild side effects, suitability, and influence. Citrus is a liquid plant in the family of Rutaceae. In the genus citrus, approximately 140 genera and 1300 species are present. The word lemon comes from "limon" in ancient French. There are several other lemon fruit names available. The main components of the chemical makeup are flavonoids, acids, caffeine, pectin and minerals. Many ingredients contain basic citrus oil, and limonene is the main ingredient in its odour. Lemon has many qualities, such as antimicrobial, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, depurative, antiscorbutic, etc. Lemon essential oil is toxic, especially in pregnancy, breastfeeding and radiation exposure. This article provides the information about medicinal and health benefits of lemon.

Ginger and Heart Health: From Mechanisms to Therapeutics

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sajad Fakhri ◽  
Jayanta Kumar Patra ◽  
Swagat Kumar Das ◽  
Gitishree Das ◽  
Mohammad Bagher Majnooni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Health Benefits ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Cardiovascular Complications ◽  
National Database ◽  
Heart Health ◽  
Natural Entities ◽  
Cardioprotective Effects

Background: As a major cause of morbidity and mortality, cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are globally increasing. In spite of recent development in the management of cardiovascular complications, CVDs have remained a medical challenge. Numerous conventional drugs are used to play cardioprotective roles; however, they are associated with several side effects. Considering the rich phytochemistry and fewer side effects of herbal medicines, they have gained particular attention to develop novel herbal drugs with cardioprotective potentials. Amongst natural entities, ginger is an extensively used and well-known functional food and condiment, possessing plentiful bioactivities, like antiinflammatory, antioxidant, and antimicrobial properties in several disorders management. Objective: The current review deliberated phytochemical properties as well as the ginger/ginger constituents' biological activities and health benefits in several diseases, with particular attention to cardiovascular complications. Methods: A comprehensive research was conducted using multiple databases, including Scopus, PubMed, Medline, Web of Science, national database (Irandoc and SID), and related articles in terms of the health benefits and cardioprotective effects of ginger/ginger constituents. These data were collected from inception until August 2019. Results: In recent years, several herbal medicines were used to develop new drugs with more potency and also minor side effects. Amongst natural entities, ginger is an extensively used traditional medicine in several diseases. The crude extract, along with related pungent active constituents, is mostly attributed to heart health. The cardioprotective effects of ginger are contributed to its cardiotonic, antihypertensive, anti-hyperlipidemia, and anti-platelet effects. The signaling pathways and molecular mechanisms of ginger regarding its cardioprotective effects are also clarified. Conclusion: This study revealed the biological activities, health benefits, and cardioprotective properties of ginger/ginger constituents along with related mechanisms of action, which gave new insights to show new avenue in the treatment of CVDs.

Flavonoids and other Non-Alkaloidal Constituents of Genus Erythrina: Phytochemical Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ninh The Son ◽  
Abdelsamed I. Elshamy
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Original Research ◽  
Chemical Structures ◽  
Fatty Acid Derivatives ◽  
Material Sources ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
The Family ◽  
Alkaloidal Constituents

Background: Genus Erythrina belongs to the family Fabaceae, which is widely distributed in tropical and subtropical areas. It has been used in both traditional herbal medicines and pharmacological applications. Original research articles and publications on the overview of alkaloids related to this genus are available, but a supportive systematic review account that highlights phytochemical aspects of other types of secondary metabolites is currently insufficient. Objective: With the utilization of data and information from SCI-Finder, Google Scholar, the Web of Science, Scopus, Science Direct, PubMed, Chemical Abstracts, ACS journals, Springer, Taylor Francis, Bentham Science, and IOP Science, the reliable material sources of this systematic review paper were obtained from various literature published from the 1980s to present. Conclusion: A vast amount of data showed that the non-alkaloidal secondary metabolites were obtained from genus Erythrina with various classes of chemical structures. Herein, approximately five hundred constituents were isolated, including flavonoids, terpenoids, saponins, phytosterols, phenols, arylbenzofurans, coumarins, alcohols, ceramides, monosugars, and fatty acid derivatives. In agreement with the previous phytochemical reports on the plants of the family Fabaceae, flavonoids make up a great percentage in the number of plants of genus Erythrina. Numerous biological activity investigations such as anti-bacteria, anti-cancer, anti-virus using isolated compounds from Erythrina species have suggested that secondary metabolites of Erythrina plants are now becoming the promising agents for drug developments.

scholarly journals Phytochemical and Potential Pharmacological Properties of Pavetta indica Linn

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Shishanthi Anuradha Perera ◽  
Vimukthi Asahara Samaranada ◽  
Praba Jalini Wijekumar ◽  
Imesha Hansani Nayanathara Hemasinghe ◽  
Kaveesha Dulangi Ranasinghe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Clinical Practices ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
Urinary Infections ◽  
Therapeutic Value ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
The Family ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Available Information

Background: Pavetta indica Linn is a medicinal plant that belongs to the family of Rubiaceae. The parts of this plant are used in indigenous clinical practices, especially for treating visceral obstruction, haemorrhoidal pains, rheumatism and eye diseases, and in the preferential treatment of liver disease, pain from piles, urinary infections, and fever. Despite its usage in indigenous clinical practices, there is limited available information on comparative pharmacognostic, physicochemical, phytochemical, ethnopharmacological data and antioxidant capacity of this herb. Aim: To review and summarize the medicinal properties of Pavetta indica Linn after critically evaluating the published studies reporting and to identify potential research areas from the existing data. Methodology: In the first phase, a comprehensive literature search was carried out in several databases under the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Project for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis) guidelines. Results: The plant reported various classes of bioactive compounds with the main components: carbohydrates, glycosides, alkaloids, phytosterols, saponins, tannins, proteins and amino acids, phenolic and flavonoids. Extracts of this plant possess multiple pharmacological activities such as hepatoprotective, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antidiabetic, neuroprotective and wound healing factors, anti-dementia, anti-cancer, antimicrobial, antihelminthic and diuretic properties. Conclusion: This review gives vital information on the traditional uses and, on the other hand, modern discoveries such as phytochemistry and pharmacology of Pavetta indica Linn. The therapeutic value of the plant was discovered based on the information gathered during the review process. As a result, greater research on this plant should be encouraged to identify new useful drugs and therapeutic effects and test using clinical studies.

scholarly journals Extraction and Identification of Chemical Compounds of Peganum harmala L. Seed Essential Oil by HS-SPME and GC-MS Methods

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reza Asadzadeh ◽  
Naser Abbasi ◽  
Mahmoud Bahmani
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Chemical Compounds ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Milk Secretion ◽  
Peganum Harmala ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
The Family ◽  
Linalool Oxide ◽  
Intestinal Worms

Peganum harmala is a plant that belongs to the family Zygophyllaceae. In traditional medicine, this plant has therapeutic effects such as repelling intestinal worms, increasing sexual potency, increasing milk secretion, anti-rheumatism, regularizing, anti-parasitic, hypnotic, diaphoretic, anti-cancer and analgesic. The aim of this study was to identify the chemical composition of P. harmala seed essential oil. P. harmala seed essential oil was extracted by Head Space-SPME [HS-SPME] method and its chemical compounds were identified by GC-MS method. Totally, 41 chemical compounds were identified in P. harmala seed essential oil. According to the results, the most compounds of P. harmala L. seed essential oil includes 2,3-dimethyl benzofuran (28.32%), cis-linalool oxide (7.46%), [2E]- decenal (6.57%), 4aα,7β,7aα-nepetalactone (6.49%), 3-oxo-p-menth-1-en-7-al (6.36%) and trans- β- terpineol (5.86%), respectively.

scholarly journals Essential oil profile of six spontaneous hybrids from male sterile Salvia officinalis L.

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 164-171
Author(s):  
Nadire Pelin Bahadırlı
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Male Sterile ◽  
Herbal Tea ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Hybrid Plants ◽  
Salvia Officinalis L ◽  
Main Components

Herbal medicines and beverages have started to take an essential place in our daily lives. S. officinalis is one of the most used herbal tea species in the sage family. Secondary metabolites, especially essential oils, plays an important role in its biological properties. S. officinalis essential oil is mostly rich in camphor and thujone, which of these compounds could be toxicological. In the present study, six spontaneous hybrid plants and their parents were analyzed for their essential oil contents. Male sterile S. officinalis were used as maternal plant, S. fruticosa and S. aramiensis were probable paternals where they were cultivated nearby. Grown plants were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Essential oil compounds were used to identify their relation to each other. The main components of S. officinalis were thujone (40.97%), 1,8-cineole (24.65%) and camphor (19.37%). 1,8-cineole content of hybrid genotypes were varied between 35.13-64.92%. Camphor level of hybrids were varied in lower levels as between 2.92-26.35% while thujone content were very low compared to the maternal S. officinalis as 0.95-6.83%.

The Use of Bio-Active Compounds of Citrus Fruits as Chemopreventive Agents and Inhibitor of Cancer Cells Viability

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahboubeh Tajaldini ◽  
Jahanbakhsh Asadi
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Citrus Fruits ◽  
Active Compounds ◽  
Chemotherapy Drugs ◽  
New Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Anti Cancer

: Common therapy of cancer such as chemotherapy have various side effects for the patients. In recent studies, new therapeutic approaches in cancer treatment are adjuvant therapy, along with a reduction in side effects of chemotherapy drugs. Treatment by herbal medicines may have some advantages over treatment with single purified chemicals, also in the terms of side effects the use of plants in cancer treatment is a more secure method. Citrus fruits are one of the most consumed natural products in the world due to the presence of various metabolites and bioactive compounds, such as phenols, flavonoids and, carotenoids. Bioactive compounds of citrus modulates signaling pathways and interacts with signaling molecules such as apoptotic and cell cycle (P53, P21, etc) and thus have a wide range of pharmacological activities, including anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer and oxidative stress. The findings discussed in this review strongly support their potential as anti-cancer agents. Therefore, the purpose of this review was to review the effects of active compounds in citrus as a therapy agent in cancer treatment.

Temulawak (Curcuma  xanthorrhizaRoxb.) belongs to the family Zingiberaceae, has been empirically used as herbal medicines. The research was aimed to evaluate three promising lines of Temulawak based on their high bioactive contents (xanthorrhizol and curcuminoid) and its in vitro bioactivity (antioxidant and toxicity), and to obtain information on agrobiophysic environmental condition which produced high bioactive compounds. The xanthorrhizol and curcuminoid contents were measured by HPLC. In vitro antioxidant and toxicity were determined by DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl) method and BSLT (Brine Shrimp Lethality Test). The result showed that promising line A produced the highest yield of bioactive and bioactivity, i.e. 0.157 and 0.056 g plant-1of xanthorrizol and curcuminoid respectively. The IC50 of antioxidant activity was 65.09 mg L-1and LC50of toxicity was 69.05 mg L-1. In this study, Cipenjo had the best temulawak performance than two other locations. According to the agrobiophysic parameters, Cipenjo environmental condition was suitable for temulawak cultivation with temperature 28-34 ºC, rainfall ± 223.97 mm year-1 and sandy clay soil. Keywords: antioxidant, curcuminoid, promising lines, temulawak, xanthorrhizol

1970 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Waras Nurcholis ◽  
Edy Djauhari Purwakusumah ◽  
Mono Rahardjo ◽  
Latifah K. Darusman
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Brine Shrimp ◽  
Clay Soil ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Environmental Condition ◽  
In Vitro Bioactivity ◽  
The Family ◽  
Promising Line

Temulawak (Curcuma  xanthorrhizaRoxb.) belongs to the family Zingiberaceae, has been empirically used as herbal medicines. The research was aimed to evaluate three promising lines of Temulawak based on their high bioactive contents (xanthorrhizol and curcuminoid) and its in vitro bioactivity (antioxidant and toxicity), and to obtain information on agrobiophysic environmental condition which produced high bioactive compounds. The xanthorrhizol and curcuminoid contents were measured by HPLC. In vitro antioxidant and toxicity were determined by DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl) method and BSLT (Brine Shrimp Lethality Test). The result showed that promising line A produced the highest yield of bioactive and bioactivity, i.e. 0.157 and 0.056 g plant-1of xanthorrizol and curcuminoid respectively. The IC50 of antioxidant activity was 65.09 mg L-1and LC50of toxicity was 69.05 mg L-1. In this study, Cipenjo had the best temulawak performance than two other locations. According to the agrobiophysic parameters, Cipenjo environmental condition was suitable for temulawak cultivation with temperature 28-34 ºC, rainfall ± 223.97 mm year-1 and sandy clay soil. Keywords: antioxidant, curcuminoid, promising lines, temulawak, xanthorrhizol

Current Advances in the Biological Activity of Polysaccharides in Dendrobium with Intriguing Therapeutic Potential

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (14) ◽  
pp. 1663-1681 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chun-Ting Lee ◽  
Heng-Chun Kuo ◽  
Yung-Hsiang Chen ◽  
Ming-Yen Tsai
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Pharmacological Effects ◽  
The Family ◽  
Anti Tumor Activity

The polysaccharides in many plants are attracting worldwide attention because of their biological activities and medical properties, such as anti-viral, anti-oxidative, antichronic inflammation, anti-hypertensive, immunomodulation, and neuron-protective effects, as well as anti-tumor activity. Denodrobium species, a genus of the family orchidaceae, have been used as herbal medicines for hundreds of years in China due to their pharmacological effects. These effects include nourishing the Yin, supplementing the stomach, increasing body fluids, and clearing heat. Recently, numerous researchers have investigated possible active compounds in Denodrobium species, such as lectins, phenanthrenes, alkaloids, trigonopol A, and polysaccharides. Unlike those of other plants, the biological effects of polysaccharides in Dendrobium are a novel research field. In this review, we focus on these novel findings to give readers an overall picture of the intriguing therapeutic potential of polysaccharides in Dendrobium, especially those of the four commonly-used Denodrobium species: D. huoshanense, D. offininale, D. nobile, and D. chrysotoxum.

Flavonoids and other Non-Alkaloidal Constituents of Genus Erythrina: A Detailed Account of Phytochemical Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ninh The Son ◽  
Abdelsamed I. Elshamymistry
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Original Research ◽  
Chemical Structures ◽  
Fatty Acid Derivatives ◽  
Material Sources ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Alkaloidal Constituents ◽  
The Web

: Genus Erythrina belongs to family Fabaceae, which widely distributed in tropical and subtropical areas, and has been applied in both traditional herbal medicines, and pharmacological uses. Original research articles and publications on overview of alkaloids related to this genus are available, but a supportive systematic review account highlighted phytochemical aspects of other types of secondary metabolites is now insufficient. Utilizing data information from SCI-Finder, Google Scholar, the Web of Science, Scopus, Science Direct, PubMed, Chemical Abstracts, ACS journals, Springer, Taylor Francis, Bentham Science and IOP Science, the reliable material sources of this systematic manuscript paper were obtained from the literature published from 1980s to now. A vast amount of data showed that the non-alkaloidal secondary metabolites obtained from genus Erythrina with various classes of chemical structures. Herein, approximately five hundred constituents were isolated comprising of flavonoids, terpenoids, saponins, phytosterols, phenols, arylbenzofurans, coumarins, alcohols, ceramides, mono-sugars and fatty acid derivatives. It resembles the previously phytochemical reports on the plants of differential genus of family Fabaceae, flavonoids reached to the high amount in plants of genus Erythrina. Numerous biological researches such as anti-microbacteria, anti-cancer, anti-virus using isolated compounds from Erythrina species suggested that secondary metabolites of Erythrina plants are now becoming promising agents for drug developments.

Application of Tea Extract in Food Industry

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. 998-1004
Author(s):  
Aziz H. Rad ◽  
Raana B. Fathipour ◽  
Fariba K. Bidgoli ◽  
Aslan Azizi
Keyword(s):  
Food Industry ◽  
Health Benefits ◽  
Epigallocatechin Gallate ◽  
Water Extraction ◽  
Ultrasound Assisted Extraction ◽  
Epicatechin Gallate ◽  
Microwave Assisted ◽  
Assisted Extraction ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Tea Extract

Background and Objectives: Tea is considered one of the most consumed drinks around the world and the health benefits of it have recently attracted the attention of different researchers. It has also been proven beneficial in preventing the danger of some diseases like cancer and cardiovascular problems. Further, lipid oxidation is one of the major problems in food products. Considering the above-mentioned issues, the present review focused on various techniques used to extract polyphenols from different kinds of tea, as well as their use in the food industry. Results and Conclusion: Based on our findings in this review, the main components of tea are polyphenols that have health benefits and include catechins, epicatechin, epigallocatechin, epicatechin gallate, epigallocatechin gallate, gallic acid, flavonoids, flavonols, and theophlavins. From these components, catechin is regarded as the most beneficial component. Many techniques have been discovered and reformed to extract tea compounds such as solvent-based extraction, microwave-assisted water extraction, and ultrasound-assisted extraction techniques. Overall, the microwave-assisted water extraction method is a useful method for extracting tea polyphenols, which may be used in the meat, oil, and dairy industries.

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