scholarly journals Analysis Of The Influence Of Alcohol-Induced Stress On The Quantitative And Qualitative Composition Of Amino Acids Related To S-Adenosylmethionine And Glutathione Transformations

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 977-983
Author(s):  
Petro Fedyshyn ◽  
Oleh Smirnov ◽  
Liliia Kalachniuk
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Amino Acids ◽  
Antioxidant Systems ◽  
Qualitative Composition ◽  
Recovery Cycle ◽  
Induced Stress ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Effective Development ◽  
Antioxidant Mechanisms ◽  
Experimental Group

Studies of preparations that decrease oxidative stress and, as a consequence, that can prevent or reduce the development of alcoholic liver disease are relevant. A wide range of drugs, the bioprotective effect of which is studied, in its action is associated with natural antioxidant systems. Therefore, the study of the features of these systems is necessary for the effective development of bio protectors. The aim is to analyze changes in the quantitative and qualitative composition of amino acids involved in antioxidant mechanisms in the presence of alcohol-induced stress in rats. In the presence of alcohol-induced oxidative stress, there are changes in the quantitative and qualitative composition of amino acids (methionine, serine, taurine), which are involved in the mechanisms of antioxidant protection - cycles of S-adenosylmethionine and glutathione. A slight increase in methionine levels in the blood serum of animals of the experimental group and disruption of the recovery cycle of methionine under alcohol-induced oxidative stress are arguments for the ineffectiveness of S-adenosylmethionine as a bioprotective substance. The same decrease in the level of serine (by 15%) and taurine (by 13%), and analysis of literature data, may be indicate the "secondary" nature of glutathione as an antioxidant compared to taurine.

scholarly journals Oxidative stress and volatile organic compounds: interplay in pulmonary, cardio-vascular, digestive tract systems and cancer

2015 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bogdan Calenic ◽  
Daniela Miricescu ◽  
Maria Greabu ◽  
Andrey V. Kuznetsov ◽  
Jakob Troppmair ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Antioxidant Systems ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Healthy Humans ◽  
Hydroxyl Anion ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Volatile Organic

AbstractOxidative stress (OS) can be defined as an imbalance between antioxidant systems and various pro-oxidants. This loss of balance is closely associated with initiation and development of a wide range of systemic or organ specific diseases.Exhaled breath of healthy humans contains a large number of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) derived from cellular metabolism, released by microorganisms or taken up from the environment. Qualitative or quantitative changes in their composition are associated with diseases and various pathological conditions, also characterized by increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as superoxide radical, hydrogen peroxide, hydroxyl anion, peroxinitrite, etc. Several volatile organic compounds such as ethane and pentane are direct end-products of the reaction of ROS with various biological compounds (e.g., lipid peroxidation, DNA or protein damage). Being able to accurately identify ROS-generated VOCs could be of particular importance in devising sensitive tests that can diagnose and follow-up oxidative stress-related diseases.This review describes current knowledge on the associations between oxidative stress and free radicals and the release of several marker volatile organic compounds in a number of diseases. A special focus will be placed on such VOCs in the cardiovascular pathologies, pulmonary diseases and gastro-intestinal tract affections.

scholarly journals Nutraceuticals against Oxidative Stress in Autoimmune Disorders

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 261
Author(s):  
Carmen Mannucci ◽  
Marco Casciaro ◽  
Emanuela Elisa Sorbara ◽  
Fabrizio Calapai ◽  
Eleonora Di Salvo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Autoimmune Disorders ◽  
Chronic Illnesses ◽  
Antioxidant Systems ◽  
Oxidative Stress Biomarkers ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Dietary Antioxidant ◽  
Wide Range

Antioxidant mechanisms are constituted of enzymes, endogenous, and non-enzymatic, exogenous, which have the role of counterbalancing oxidative stress. Intake of these compounds occurs in the diet. Vegetables, plants, and fruits contain a wide range of alkaloids, polyphenols, and terpenoids which are called “phytochemicals”. Most of these substances are responsible for the positive properties of fruits and vegetables, which are an essential part of a healthy life with roles in ameliorating chronic illnesses and favoring longevity. Nutraceuticals are substances contained in a food or fragment of it influencing health with positive effects on health helping in precenting or treating disorders. We conducted a review illustrating the principal applications of nutraceuticals in autoimmune disorders. Literature reported several studies about exogenous dietary antioxidant supplementation in diverse autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, diabetes, and multiple sclerosis. In these pathologies, promising results were obtained in some cases. Positive outcomes were generally associated with a reduction of oxidative stress parameters and a boost to antioxidant systems, and sometimes with anti-inflammatory effects. The administration of exogenous substances through food derivates or dietary supplements following scientific standardization was demonstrated to be effective. Further bias-free and extended studies should be conducted that include ever-increasing oxidative stress biomarkers.

scholarly journals Crosstalk between Neuron and Glial Cells in Oxidative Injury and Neuroprotection

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (24) ◽  
pp. 13315
Author(s):  
Kyung Hee Lee ◽  
Myeounghoon Cha ◽  
Bae Hwan Lee
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Defense Mechanisms ◽  
Antioxidant Defense ◽  
Oxidative Injury ◽  
Redox Balance ◽  
Brain Diseases ◽  
Antioxidant Systems ◽  
Antioxidant Mechanisms ◽  
Brain Homeostasis

To counteract oxidative stress and associated brain diseases, antioxidant systems rescue neuronal cells from oxidative stress by neutralizing reactive oxygen species and preserving gene regulation. It is necessary to understand the communication and interactions between brain cells, including neurons, astrocytes and microglia, to understand oxidative stress and antioxidant mechanisms. Here, the role of glia in the protection of neurons against oxidative injury and glia–neuron crosstalk to maintain antioxidant defense mechanisms and brain protection are reviewed. The first part of this review focuses on the role of glia in the morphological and physiological changes required for brain homeostasis under oxidative stress and antioxidant defense mechanisms. The second part focuses on the essential crosstalk between neurons and glia for redox balance in the brain for protection against oxidative stress.

scholarly journals Turkish Endemic Achillea Species Protect Human Neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y Cells Against Hydrogen Peroxide-Induced Cytotoxicity

Proceedings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 43
Author(s):  
Kübra Uzun ◽  
Ayşe Kübra Karaboğa Arslan
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Neurodegenerative Diseases ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Antioxidant Systems ◽  
Human Neuroblastoma ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

The genus Achillea L. belongs to Asteraceae (Compositae), the largest family of vascular plants. There are 50 species, which of 24 is endemic in this genus in Turkey. Achillae species are used as a tonic, anti-inflammatory, anti-spasmodic, diaphoretic, diuretic and emmenagogic agents and have been used for treatment of hemorrhage, pneumonia, rheumatic pain and wounds healing traditionally. The imbalanced antioxidant systems leads to various pathophysiological conditions such as inflammation, neurodegenerative diseases and cancer. Achillea species have several components; essential oils, sesquiterpenes and phenolic compounds such as flavonoids and phenolic acids. Phenolic compounds and flavonoids are the most important medicinal metabolites of Achillea species. Flavonoids have been reported to exert a wide range of biological activities including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and anti-tumor effects. This study aimed to assess the in vitro antioxidant properties of the methanol extracts from the aerial parts of A. cucullata (ACME) and A. sieheana (ASME) against hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced oxidative stress in human SH-SY5Y neuronal cells. Our study showed that the ACME and ASME provided neuroprotection against H2O2-induced oxidative stress. In conclusion, ACME and ASME might help in reducing oxidative stress for preventive therapy associated with neurodegenerative diseases and cancer.

scholarly journals Alleviation of zinc induced oxidative stress by polyamines in Plantago ovata Forsk

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulami Pramanick ◽  
Anindita Chakraborty ◽  
Sarmistha Sen Raychaudhuri
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Membrane Integrity ◽  
Antioxidant Systems ◽  
Plantago Ovata ◽  
Induced Stress

Abstract Zinc causes toxicity to the plants in an excess concentration and it is manifested by chlorosis, rolling of leaf margins, and disruption of membrane integrity. The heavy metal stress also triggers the stimulation of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant systems. Polyamines are naturally occurring, secondary metabolites, protecting plants from heavy metal-induced stress. Plants also up-regulate the mRNA expression of Metallothionein in response to heavy metal-induced oxidative stress. The alteration in Metallothionein type 2 (PoMT2) expression of a medicinally important herb Plantago ovata in presence of polyamines like Putrescine, Spermidine, and Spermine in addition to ZnSO4.H2O by the semi-quantitative and the quantitative methods have been demonstrated in the present study. We have observed reductions in the expression of the Metallothionein type 2 gene in the presence of the aforementioned polyamines which implies their protective and antioxidant properties to fight against the zinc induced stress. 1 mM Put has been more efficient in increasing the total chlorophyll content (compared to 2 mM Put) by about 36% each in 1000 µM ZnSO4 treated P. ovata seedlings. Spermidine also enhanced chlorophyll content. 2 mM Put and 0.5 mM Spm have shown even better efficiencies in increasing the total antioxidant and DPPH radical scavenging activities. The lipid peroxidation has been found to decrease in Put and Spm supplemented samples by up to about 47% in both cases. Significant reductions in lipid peroxidation and down-regulation of PoMT2 gene expression indicate the roles of polyamines in partially alleviating Zn-induced oxidative damage.

scholarly journals Protective Effect of Hydroxytyrosol on LPS-Induced Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in Bovine Endometrial Epithelial Cell Line

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 161
Author(s):  
Enrico Gugliandolo ◽  
Roberta Fusco ◽  
Patrizia Licata ◽  
Alessio Filippo Peritore ◽  
Ramona D’amico ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Intracellular Signaling ◽  
Antioxidant Systems ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Endometrial Cells ◽  
Junction Protein ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Bovine endometritis is a serious pathogen-induced infectious disease that affects the physiological processes of estrus, pregnancy and the postpartum condition. The inflamed endometrium responds by activating an inflammatory intracellular signaling cascade that leads to increased expression of proinflammatory cytokines and reactive oxygen species (ROS). Oxidative stress is closely related to several pathological conditions in perinatal dairy cows and play a key role in tissue damage. Hydroxytyrosol (HT), a natural phenolic alcohol with a strong antioxidant activity, displayed a wide range of biological effect. The aim of this study was to evaluate the protective effects of HT in an in vitro model of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation in bovine uterine endometrial cells. Our results showed that HT had a significant protective effect in LPS-induced inflammation and oxidative stress. HT was also able to increase the capacity of endogenous antioxidant systems through the up-regulation of the NRF2 pathway. Furthermore, HT restored the tight junction protein expressions. In conclusion, our results showed the protective effects of HT in LPS-stimulated BEND cells. Therefore, the results of this study suggest an important protective role of HT in the treatment and prevention of uterine pathologies in dairy cows.

scholarly journals Nucleoredoxin guards against oxidative stress by protecting antioxidant enzymes

2017 ◽  
Vol 114 (31) ◽  
pp. 8414-8419 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sophie Kneeshaw ◽  
Rumana Keyani ◽  
Valérie Delorme-Hinoux ◽  
Lisa Imrie ◽  
Gary J. Loake ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Cellular Damage ◽  
Antioxidant Systems ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Optimal Activity ◽  
Substrate Interaction ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Scavenging Enzymes ◽  
Reduced State

Cellular accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is associated with a wide range of developmental and stress responses. Although cells have evolved to use ROS as signaling molecules, their chemically reactive nature also poses a threat. Antioxidant systems are required to detoxify ROS and prevent cellular damage, but little is known about how these systems manage to function in hostile, ROS-rich environments. Here we show that during oxidative stress in plant cells, the pathogen-inducible oxidoreductase Nucleoredoxin 1 (NRX1) targets enzymes of major hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-scavenging pathways, including catalases. Mutant nrx1 plants displayed reduced catalase activity and were hypersensitive to oxidative stress. Remarkably, catalase was maintained in a reduced state by substrate-interaction with NRX1, a process necessary for its H2O2-scavenging activity. These data suggest that unexpectedly H2O2-scavenging enzymes experience oxidative distress in ROS-rich environments and require reductive protection from NRX1 for optimal activity.

scholarly journals Dynamics of protection antioxidant system of representatives of Amelanchier Medik. genus during ontogenesis under Steppe Pridniprov’e conditions

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-7
Author(s):  
Y. V. Lykholat ◽  
N. O. Khromykh ◽  
L. V. Shupranova ◽  
T. V. Legostaeva ◽  
T. Y. Lykholat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Catalase Activity ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Seasonal Development ◽  
Antioxidant Systems ◽  
Active Growth ◽  
Activity Increase ◽  
Vegetative Period ◽  
Enzymes Activity ◽  
Wide Range

Antioxidant reaction in leaves of the representatives of Amelanchier Medik. genus introduced in Steppe Pridniprov’e during vegetative period  is studied. Activity of bensidin-peroxidase (BPOD), guaiacol-peroxidase (GPOD) and catalase (CAT) in leaves of four kinds Amelanchier Medik is analysed. Specific features of dynamics of enzymes activity in leaves of representatives of Amelanchier Medik. genus are defined according to phases of seasonal development and in reply to action of hydrothermal stress. On the basis of the received results the wide range of interspecific variability of enzymes activity in leaves of Amelanchier kinds, introduced in new conditions of existance is shown. The studied kinds were characterised by high activity ВРОD in all vegetative season. The greatest activity in leaves of all kinds was shown in a phase of secondary growth, in the most adverse hydrothermal mode that testified to passage of adaptive processes in plants. It is established, that unlike A. ovalis in which leaves level of activity BPOD was equal enough, other kinds in process of ontogenesis have shown sharper differences in activity of enzyme. The difference was essential, especially at A. canadensis in which leaves in May and June sharp falling of activity in 4,0 and 2,9 times accordingly in comparison with April was noticed, and in July and August – sharp increase that testified to a stressful condition of plants. The opposite tendency is found out in dynamics of activity GPOD i CAT. In the beginning phases of active growth (April) at all kinds the highest activity of enzymes, but, since May and till the end of the supervision period was observed, activity sharply went down at all kinds Amelanchier. Essential activation GPOD in a phase of active growth can be connected with processes of lignification to an greater degree, rather than with protection against oxidative stress. Thus in leaves of A. ovalis and A. canadensis higher activity gvaiacol-peroxidase, than at A. spicata and A. florida was observed. Small increase of activity was observed in June and to an greater measure in three kinds: A. ovalis, A. florida і A. spicata. In leaves of A. canadensis activity increase was marked in August in comparison with the period from May till July. The analysis of dynamics of catalase activity in leaves of representatives Amelanchier Medik. has shown similitude as well as at gvaiacol-peroxidase: the highest level was observed in April, and further there was an essential recession of enzyme activity. Dynamics of catalase activity during vegetation has appeared the most similar at kinds of A. ovalis and A. canadensis. In leaves of A. florida unlike last kinds the small peak of activity in July was marked, and in August activity again went down on 21,8 % in comparison with July. A. spicata has shown essential increase of activity САТ in August in comparison with July in 6,4 times. Thus, found out different directions of activity changes of oxidoreductases specify in participation antioxidant systems in realisation of different ways of adaptation of kinds-introducents of Amelanchier Medik. genus in ontogenesis process in the conditions of Pridneprov’e Steppe. Variability of enzymes activity level in leaves of Amelanchier Medik. in the course of vegetation means the adaptation to conditions of environment and as a whole displays adaptive ability of the investigated kinds at the expense of high antioxidant potential to counteract development of oxidative stress at action adverse of abiotic factors.

scholarly journals Nitrite Stress Induces Oxidative Stress and Leads to Muscle Quality Decreased in Wuchang Bream (Megalobrama amblycephala Yih) Juveniles

Water ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 160
Author(s):  
Zhenyi Hu ◽  
Chenglong Qi ◽  
Chenzhi Lin ◽  
Rong Tang
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Muscle Quality ◽  
Megalobrama Amblycephala ◽  
Antioxidant Systems ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Serum Biochemical ◽  
Wuchang Bream ◽  
Experimental Group

To determine the effects of nitrite exposure on muscle quality and physiological functions in Wuchang bream (Megalobrama amblycephala), we exposed M. amblycephala juveniles to acute nitrite (0, 1, 5, 10, 20 mg/L), and the muscle and blood samples were measured at 12, 24, 48, and 96 h. The results showed that when exposed to nitrite for 12 h, the concentrations of blood glucose, cortisol, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) in the 20 mg/L experimental group had the maximum value. The activity of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) increased significantly in a dose-dependently manner and peaked at 96 h in the 20 mg/L group. During 96 h of exposure to nitrite, the total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) and catalase (CAT) activity in the liver of the 20 mg/L experimental group were significantly higher than those of the control group, while the concentration of muscle glycogen showed a downtrend. At 12 h and 96 h, the hardness of the four experimental groups were significantly higher than that of the control group. Our research shows that acute sodium nitrite exposure will not only cause oxidative stress and decreased muscle quality in M. amblycephala juveniles but also will be accompanied by changes in serum biochemical index, liver antioxidant capacity, muscle physiological characteristics, and muscle physical characteristics. Preliminary speculation may be that acute nitrite exposure may cause M. amblycephala juveniles to choose to reduce muscle quality and activate antioxidant systems.

Aromatic Volatile Composition of Celery and Celeriac Cultivars

HortScience ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 556-559 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fredy Van Wassenhove ◽  
Patrick Dirinck ◽  
Georges Vulsteke ◽  
Niceas Schamp
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Compounds ◽  
Chromatographic Method ◽  
Apium Graveolens ◽  
Volatile Components ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Qualitative Composition ◽  
Volatile Composition ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Gas Chromatographic Method ◽  
Identification And Quantification

A two-dimensional capillary gas chromatographic method was developed to separate and quantify aromatic volatiles of celery in one analysis. The isolation, identification, and quantification of the volatile compounds of four cultivars of blanching celery (Apium graveolens L. var. dulce) and six cultivars of celeriac (Apium graveolens L. var. rapaceum) are described. The qualitative composition of Likens-Nickerson extracts of both cultivars is similar. The concentration of terpenes and phthalides, the key volatile components, found in various cultivars of both celery and celeriac varied over a wide range.

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