scholarly journals The Rules of Balinese Nasalization

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
I Made Suwendi

Balinese has a stratified system called anggah-ungguhing basa Bali.  The existence of this system is distinguished it from Indonesian and / or the other regional languages in Indonesia. In addition, Balinese has two major dialects, namely the Bali Aga dialect and the Bali Dataran dialect. The Bali Aga dialect does not recognize the language level system, on the contrary, in the Bali Dataran dialect this system greatly influences the use of Balinese language itself. The difference in this system was also reflected in its morphological system, especially in forming the words with nasal prefix. It was interesting to be observed. In relation with that, this writing focused on the Balinese nasalization system. The purpose of this research was to find out the rules of Balinese nasalization. The data in this study were collected by using literature study and observation methods. Then, the data were analyzed using descriptive analysis methods. The theory used in investigating this problem was   morphology theory. After analyzing the data that had been collected, it was found that the nasal prefix {N-} in Balinese which was affixed to the original form or the basic form which was preceded by certain phonemes, that had already changed form. The form of this changing was called an allomorph. Thus the allomorphs found from the merging of the nasal prefixes were: n- {n-}, m- {m-}, ng- {ŋ-}., And ny- {ñ-}.

HUMANIS ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Ahmad Marzuq ◽  
Zuriyati . ◽  
Siti Gomo Attas

This study aims to find other meanings for the novel Ranah 3 Warna. Researchers use deconstruction theory to uncover and see the other side of the character Alif who is described as a character who is persistent, tough and unyielding. This research uses literature study method to collect and provide data to be analyzed. The data source in this research is the text of the novel Ranah 3 Warna by Ahmad Fuadi, first printed in January 2011 by PT Gramedia Jakarta. The data was collected by using the method of reading repeatedly carefully against the manuscripts that were the object of the research. The data analysis used in this research is descriptive analysis technique by describing the data which is then followed by the analysis. Based on the text analysis and other meanings carried out on the novel Ranah 3 Warna, it is revealed the figures of people who have had a big influence in Alif's life. Among them, Kyai Rais, Ayah, Bang Togar and Randai. Other analysis results reveal that Alif is easily offended, is less grateful and forgets the services of his little friend Randai who has sacrificed a lot for his survival overseas. In addition, Alif also has a character that does not accept reality and is ambitious in achieving what he wants.


2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Ibrohim Ibrohim ◽  
Turahmat Turahmat ◽  
Oktarina Puspita Wardani

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi karena perbedaan alur dalam naskah drama Nenek Tercinta yang ditulis oleh Arifin C. Noer dan pertunjukan yang telah dilaksanakan di Universitas PGRI Semarang pada acara festival lomba drama tingkat SMA/SMK sederajat yang digelar oleh Teater Gema Semarang. Penceritaan dalam pertunjukan Nenek Tercinta garapan Alvianto dengan menghilangkan tokoh dukun serta beberapa tokoh lain. Masalah yang diangkat dalam penelitian ini adalah bagaimanakah perbedaan alur antara naskah drama Nenek Tercinta karya Arifin C. Noer dan pertunjukannya. Adapun tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan perbedaan alur antara naskah drama Nenek Tercinta karya Arifin C. Noer dan pertunjukannya. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu metode deskriptif analisis. Pendekatan objektif digunakan sebagai perhatian pada unsur-unsur yang dikenal dengan analisis intrinsik. Sumber data dalam penelitian ini adalah naskah drama Nenek Tercinta karya Arifin C. Noer dan naskah drama adaptasi teater Sukma SMK N 2 Semarang yang di dalamnyaterdapat unsur-unsur instrinsik dan ekstrinsik. Wujud data dalam penelitian ini adalah dialog, kata, kalimat, dan hasil analisis berupa perbedaan alur dalam naskah drama Nenek Tercinta karya Arifin C. Noer dan pertunjukannya. Pengumpulan data dengan menggunakan metode studi pustaka. Analisisperbedaan alur antara naskah drama Nenek Tercinta karya Arifin C. Noer dan pertunjukannya, peneliti menyediakan data yang berupa kutipan peristiwa yang dialami oleh tokoh-tokoh yang berisikan hal-hal yang bersifat ambigu kemudian dianalisis. Penyajian hasil analisis data dilakukan secara deskriptif dengan menggunakan kata-kata biasa tanpa disertai dengan lambang. Pemaparan hasil analisis data berupa perbedaan alur antara naskah drama Nenek Tercinta karya Arifin C. Noer dan pertunjukannya. Dari hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa naskah drama Nenek Tercinta karya Arifin C. Noer memiliki alur erat di mana jalinan peristiwa sangat padu dan tidak meninggalkan salah satu unsur pembentukanalur: penampilan masalah, perumitan (konflik), puncak masalah (klimaks), peleraian, dan kesimpulancerita. Adapun dalam pertunjukannya alur yang digunakan adalah alur longgar dengan meninggalkan salah satu peristiwa penting yaitu keberadaan dukun sebagai perumitan (konflik). Berdasarkanpengakhirannya, naskah drama Nenek Tercinta karya Arifin C. Noer menggunakan alur tertutup di mana cerita hanya sampai kepada dukun yang pamit karena sudah menyelesaikan urusan dan menyatakan bahwa yang berkuasa adalah dalang dari segala dalang, sedangkan naskah pertunjukannyamenggunakan alur terbuka yang akhir ceritanya diserahkan kepada penonton.�This research is based on the difference of the flow in the script of the drama "Nenek Tercinta" written by Arifin C. Noer and the performances that have been held at the University of PGRI Semarang in the festival of drama competition of high school / vocational high school level which is titled by Teater Gema Semarang, telling story in the show of beloved grandmother Alvianto claimed by removing the dukun figure as well as several other figures. The formulation of the problem in this research is how is the difference between the plot of "Nenek Tercinta" drama masterpiece Arifin C. Noer and the show? The purpose of this study is to describe the difference between the plot of drama of Nenek Tercinta�s masterpiece by Arifin C. Noer and the show. The method used in this research using descriptive analysis method. The objective approach is used as attention to elements known as intrinsic analysis. Sources of data in this study is the work of playwright Loving grandmother Arifin C. Noer and playwright theatrical adaptations Sukma SMK N 2 Semarang in which there are elements of intrinsic and extrinsic. The form of data in this research is written data in the form of dialogue, word, sentence, and result of analysis in the form of difference of flow in drama script of Nenek Tercinta by Arifin C. Noer and its show. Data collection using literature study method. Analyzing the difference in flow between the script of Nenek Tercinta� drama by Arifin C. Noer and his show, the researcher provided data in the form of quotation of the events experienced by the figures containing the things that are ambiguous, then analyzed. The presentation of the results of data analysis is done descriptively using ordinary words without accompanying the symbol. The exposure of the data analysis resulted in the difference of the flow between the script of Nenek Tercinta drama by Arifin C. Noer and the show. The results show that Arifin C. Noer�s playful Nenek Tercinta drama script has a tight groove, where the fabric of events is very solid and does not leave any of the elements of flow formation: the appearance of the problem, the complexity (conflict), the peak of the problem (climax), the divorce, and the conclusion of the story . While the show, using the loose groove by leaving one of the important events of the existence of shaman as a complication (conflict). Based on the termination, Arifin C. Noer�s Unlawful Script drama script uses a closed path where the story only goes to the dukun who excuses him for completing the affairs and declares that Yang is the master of all dalangs. While the script performances using an open groove that the end of the story submitted to the audience.


2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 73
Author(s):  
Ida Ayu Karina Putri ◽  
I Made Adikampana

Tulamben Marine Tourist Attraction it has a variety of tourism business such as, tourist accommodations, diving and snorkeling occupations, porter professions also food and beverage services. Mount Agung status alert, on October 22nd, 2017 some residents within radius of 12 km are evacuated to several areas in Bali. The evacuated people are living in 28 villages in Karangasem regency, one of them is Tulamben Village. Mount Agung eruption has a direct impact on tourism bussiness. This study aims to analyze the implication of Mount Agung Eruption on Tourism Business at Tulamben Marine Attraction, Kubu Sub-District, Karangasem Regency. The research method used is qualitative study with descriptive analysis technique to examine the implications of Mount Agung eruption on tourism business. Source data from primary knowledges and secondary documents. Data are collected through observation methods, interviews, literature study, and research instruments in the form of interview guidelines. The informants are determinated by using purposive sampling technique to obtain accurate data about the type of tourism business and the implications of eruption of Mount Agung to the tourism business service in Tulamben Marine Tourist Attraction. Keywords: Marine Tourist Atrraction, Eruption, and Tourism Bussines


2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4.44) ◽  
pp. 242
Author(s):  
Abdullah Fajar ◽  
Setiadi Yazid ◽  
. . ◽  
. .

Web Browser play the important mandatory role in accessing the application through the internet and may carry malicious content to the system hence  threatening the system from the attacker. Google Chrome is one of popular browser since released on 2008 as one of product of Chromium Project at Google. Chrome is fourth ranking in Common Vulnerabilities Enumeration website and the first ranking among browser that have most of vulnerabilities reported. This paper describe a Descriptive analysis of weakness and vulnerabilities of Chrome browser. The analysis use comparison approach to other popular browser such as Safari and Firefox. The analysis also use main reference and database from mitre.org which have common weakness enumeration database and scoring system calculation for vulnerability. This work cover responsiveness rate among them regarding weakness and vulnerabilities update duration and severity rate. The validation has performed using Descriptive test regarding weakness and vulnerability behavior. According to Architectural, Development and Research Conceptual weakness reported, the browsers has not significantly indicate the difference except between Chrome and Firefox in research conceptual weakness. The severity of browser vulnerabilities shown by Firefox and the best responsiveness to update browser weakness shown by Chrome, followed by Safari. Using Descriptive analysis, Chrome will keep dominant against the other browser, while Firefox and Safari potentially become unpopular such as Internet Explorer for upcoming time. 


2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 333
Author(s):  
Fitria Esfandiari ◽  
Sholahuddin Al Fatih

<em>This study aimed to evaluate ineffectiveness in the process of resolving electoral disputes through Gakkumdu in simultaneous elections in 2019. However, in practice there are difficulties in handling the consequences of criminal norms and technical rules which are not clearly formulated, causing differences of opinion in resolving election disputes. The approach method used by the author with normative juridical approach method (legal Research) through literature study using primary legal data namely Law Number 7 of 2017 on Elections, KPU Regulation and Court Decision related to elections. Secondary data, especially library materials containing information about election dispute problems through Gakkumdu. The collection of legal materials is carried out by tracing the library in the form of information about the evaluation of gakkumdu's role in resolving the dispute of the 2019 Elections and in analysis using the method of descriptive analysis. The results of this study concluded that Gakkumdu which is an organ formed based on the mandate of Law Number 7 of 2017 on Elections, has not worked optimally. It is very vulnerable to overlap of authority between Bawaslu, The Police and the</em> <em>Prosecutor's Office. On the other hand, this organ has the opportunity to reduce the authority and independence of Bawaslu, which has been supervising the elections. The combination of the three institutions organically and substantive has</em> <em>not been able to parse the dispute of the 2019 elections.</em>


2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 110-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bambang Hermanto ◽  
S. E. Suryanto

Abstract The role of entrepreneurs strongly influences the economic growth of a country. Every country always encourages entrepreneurship so that it could thrive by creating an entrepreneurship ecosystem. The role of entrepreneurship ecosystem will be optimal if the government can create a policy that is in synergy with the other components of the entrepreneurship ecosystem. The method of research used in this study is a qualitative approach with the literature study method. The data were obtained through books, documents, Internet, and other relevant sources. The data that was obtained then analysed using descriptive analysis method by describing the facts, which are then followed by analysis, not merely outlines, but also provides an understanding and explanation. The results of the research showed that the components of the entrepreneurship ecosystem in Indonesia are working. However, their activities are limited to running their respective programs without a comprehensive design. The government needs to play a more dominant role to optimize and synergize each component of the entrepreneurship ecosystem. One of the institutions or particular ministries should establish a policy so that the program to build the entrepreneurship ecosystem does not overlap with each other.


2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-126
Author(s):  
Mohamed Abdul Mun'im Al-Said Khalil ◽  
Nur Hafizi Yusof

The book of “Tafsir Jami’ al-Bayan ‘an Ta’wil ‘Ay al-Qur’an” of  Imam al-Tabari, may God have mercy on him, rich in Quranic Qiraat and consider as a treasure of  jurisprudence, but this book did not serve in the knowledge of Qiraat in general. No one writes about the impact of the jurisprudence, which resulted from the different Quranic Qiraat of al-Tabari in a particular study. The purpose of this research is to identify the efforts of Imam al-Tabari in the knowledge of Qiraat, to know the approach of Imam al-Tabari in the Tafsir, Qiraat and deductions of jurisprudence, as well as study the impact of the different Qiraat in the verses which has the difference Qiraat in it influenced on the jurisprudential provisions in Tafsir, and also analysis of the impact of different Quranic Qiraat  jurisprudence in those verses. The research depends on the historical approach when talks about the origin of the Qiraat and its development, compares the comparison between the Qiraat in the verse and the descriptive analysis by searching and tracking each qiraat, in terms of type, and its relation to the reader and its impact on the jurisprudence. Imam al-Tabari has great efforts in the knowledge of Qiraat and his books in this art attest to this, such as the scholars of tafsir who served the knowledge of Qiraat like Imam al-Qurtubi, al-Nasafi, Ibn Zafar, al-Zamakhshari, Imam al-Alusi, Ibn A’shur, al-'Uthaymin, al-Shanqiti and others . Imam al-Tabari’s approach in tafsir is mentions the verse and then follows it by mentioning the most famous words that influenced the companions and followers in the interpretation of those verses. Then he narrates other stories of varying degrees of trust and strength and then is likely among the narrations. The weighting between the Qiraat and the choice among them does not mean rejection of the other Qiraat. It was based on the Qur'an and Sunnah as the first sources in the devising and then adds to that consensus and measurement and the purposes of the Shari'ah and custom. The researcher has shown that the verses that influenced the differences of Qiraat on the jurisprudence in the tafsir of Tabari are seven verses and then he extracted the aspects of the qiraat contained in those verses by presenting these Qiraat on the books of Qiraat to show the ruling of this Qiraat by reference and transport. The jurisprudential dispute between Imam al-Tabari and other scholars as a result of different Qiraat in the verse and the work of a comparative jurisprudence study of this provision, and then weighting between opinions based on the correct evidence. This study has shown the position of Imam al-Tabari, may Allah have mercy on him from the Qura’nic Qiraat in his tafsir, as shown the benefits and the impact of different readings on the jurisprudence. Keywords: al-Tabari, Tafsir Jami’ al-Bayan ‘an Ta’wil ‘Ay al-Qur’an, Quranic Qiraat, Jurisprudence   يعتبر كتاب "جامع البيان عن تأويل آي القرآن" لإلمام الطبري رحمه هللا كتاب غني بالقراءات وكنز من كنوز الفقه، ولكن لميُخدم هذا الكتاب من حيث علم القراءات بشكل كلي. فلم يكتب أحد عن األثر الفقهي الذي ترتب على اختالف القراءات القرآنيةفي تفسير الطبري على نحو منفرد. ويهدف هذا البحث إلى التعرف على جهود اإلمام الطبري في علم القراءات ومعرفة منهجاإلمام الطبري في التفسير والقراءات واستنباطاته لألحكام الفقهية وكذا دراسة أوجه القراءات الواردة في اآليات التي أثرت فيهااختالف القراءات على األحكام الفقهية في تفسيره وتحليل أثر اختالف القراءات القرآنية على األحكام الفقهية في تلك اآليات.ويعتمد البحث على المنهج التاريخي وذلك عند الحديث عن نشأة القراءات وتطوره، والمقارن للمقارنة بين القراءات الواردة فياآلية، والوصفي التحليلي وذلك عن طريق البحث والتتبع لكل قراءة من حيث نوعها ونسبتها لقارئها وتأثيرها على الحكم الفقهي.لإلمام الطبري رحمه هللا جهود كبيرة في علم القراءات، وكتبه في هذا الفن تشهد بذلك، كذا من المفسرين الذين خدموا علماإلمام األلوسي وابن عاشور والعثيمين والشنقيطياإلمام القرطبي والنسفي وابن ظفر والزمخشري، وحديثاًالقراءات قديماًثرت عن الصحابة وُوغيرهم. أما اإلمام الطبري فمنهجه في التفسير أنه يذكر اآلية ثم يعقبها بذكر أشهر األقوال التي أ التابعينفي تفسير تلك اآليات، ثم يورد بعد ذلك روايات أخرى متفاوتة الدرجة في الثقة والقوة ثم يرجح بين الروايات، كما كان يرجحرحمه هللا بين القراءات مع ذكر سبب الترجيح. والترجيح بين القراءات واالختيار بينها ال يعني أنه رد القراءات األخرى. وكانيعتمد على الكتاب والسنة كمصدرين أولين في االستنباط ثم يضيف إلى ذلك اإلجماع والقياس ومقاصد الشريعة والعرف. وقدظهر للباحث أن اآليات التي أثرت فيها اختالف القراءات على األحكام الفقهية في تفسير الطبري سبعة آيات. ومن ثم قامباستخراج أوجه القراءات الواردة في تلك اآليات وذلك بعرض هذه القراءات على كتب توجيه القراءات إلظهار حكم هذه القراءةمن جهة اإلسناد والنقل، ثم قام الباحث باستخراج الخالف الفقهي الذي دار بين اإلمام الطبري وبين غيره من العلماء نتيجةاختالف القراءات في اآلية وعمل دراسة فقهية مقارنة لهذا الحكم، ثم الترجيح بين اآل إلى الدليل الصحيح. وقد بينتراء مستنداًهذه الرسالة موقف اإلمام الطبري رحمه هللا من القراءات القرآنية في تفسيره كما بينت فوائد وأثر اختالف القراءات على الحكمالفقهي.الكلمات المفتاحية: الطبري، جامع البيان عن تأويل آي القرآن، القراءات القرآنية، الفقه


1973 ◽  
Vol 29 (02) ◽  
pp. 490-498 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroh Yamazaki ◽  
Itsuro Kobayashi ◽  
Tadahiro Sano ◽  
Takio Shimamoto

SummaryThe authors previously reported a transient decrease in adhesive platelet count and an enhancement of blood coagulability after administration of a small amount of adrenaline (0.1-1 µg per Kg, i. v.) in man and rabbit. In such circumstances, the sensitivity of platelets to aggregation induced by ADP was studied by an optical density method. Five minutes after i. v. injection of 1 µg per Kg of adrenaline in 10 rabbits, intensity of platelet aggregation increased to 115.1 ± 4.9% (mean ± S. E.) by 10∼5 molar, 121.8 ± 7.8% by 3 × 10-6 molar and 129.4 ± 12.8% of the value before the injection by 10”6 molar ADP. The difference was statistically significant (P<0.01-0.05). The above change was not observed in each group of rabbits injected with saline, 1 µg per Kg of 1-noradrenaline or 0.1 and 10 µg per Kg of adrenaline. Also, it was prevented by oral administration of 10 mg per Kg of phenoxybenzamine or propranolol or aspirin or pyridinolcarbamate 3 hours before the challenge. On the other hand, the enhancement of ADP-induced platelet aggregation was not observed in vitro, when 10-5 or 3 × 10-6 molar and 129.4 ± 12.8% of the value before 10∼6 molar ADP was added to citrated platelet rich plasma (CPRP) of rabbit after incubation at 37°C for 30 second with 0.01, 0.1, 1, 10 or 100 µg per ml of adrenaline or noradrenaline. These results suggest an important interaction between endothelial surface and platelets in connection with the enhancement of ADP-induced platelet aggregation by adrenaline in vivo.


Liquidity ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-62
Author(s):  
Siti Maryama ◽  
Yayat Sujatna

The purpose of this study is to (1) analyzing the level of retail mix consumer satisfaction; (2) analyze the dominant variable in retail mix consumer satisfaction; (3) analyze the difference of retail mix consumer satisfaction performed. The observed of the retail industry is Alfamidi and Indomaret. The study was designed into a descriptive-quantitative method. The source of primary data obtained from the questionnaire of 100 respondents. The formulating variable of retail mix includes: merchandise assortments, pricing, customer services Store design and display, communication mix, and location. Data analyze by using descriptive, analysis of factors, and t-test. The result confirmed that the level of retail mix consumer satisfaction in both industry is relatively similar. However, it can be stated that the respondents were more satisfied to Indomaret compared with Alfamart.


Author(s):  
Dandy Ashghor Dawudi ◽  
Kamidjan Kamidjan ◽  
Agus Sulton

This research takes the object of Sebening Syahadat by Diva SR, this work is a novel that tells the story of the journey ofa teenager named Sam who is in the process ofsearching for identity. The journey is filled with interesting twits and turns embelissed with a love story that is very suitable if consumed by the younger generation who are learning to find identit. This study aims to reveal the value motives that led Sam’s character in finding his identity, which expected to be a material for reflection for readers, especially young people who are in the process of discovering his identity, the scope of the problem in this study is to reveal the value motives that affect the character’s psyche. Sam is told to have a rascal character.The research method used in this study took a descriptive qualitative approach, data colletion used was a literature study technique with stages of reading, note taking, coding for futher analysis. The analysis technique used is qualitative descriptive analysis technique.The result of the research in this research process indicate that the mental process of Sam’s character influenced by several factors, including: a. Motives in cultural factors (Situasional Factors), b. The motive for love begins with admiration for the attitude of someone who is full of noble values of character, c. The motive of curiosity and fulfillment of his needs for true value.


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