scholarly journals LOCAL LEXICAL BORROWINGS AS A MULTICULTURAL PHENOMENON IN THE RUSSIAN REGIOLECT OF THE REPUBLIC OF NORTH OSSETIA-ALANIA.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Б.В. Кунавин ◽  
И.А. Лазарова
Keyword(s):  
Native Speakers ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Regional Culture ◽  
Semantic Features ◽  
Cultural Significance ◽  
The North ◽  
The World ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Russian Language ◽  
North Ossetia

Актуальность рассматриваемой проблемы в общелингвистическом аспекте связана с региональным варьированием русского языка, а в частноязыковедческом плане с недостаточной его изученностью на территории РСО-А. Такое изучение дает возможность познакомиться с особенностями его функционирования в поликультурном пространстве, взаимодействием с различными сферами осетинской языковой картины мира, а также выявить региональные культурные маркеры. Цель исследования состоит в изучении в коммуникативном пространстве РСО-А лексико-семантических особенностей регионального варианта русского языка, обусловленных лексическими заимствованиями из осетинского языка, отражающими воздействие осетинской культуры на русскую региональную культуру. Для достижения поставленной цели использовались следующие методы: описательный (сбор материала, обработка, интерпретация и обобщение), включающий приемы сопоставления, типологизации анализируемого материала; социолингвистический (методика наблюдения, включающая анкетирование, интервьюирование, эксперимент); лингвокультурологический, предусматривающий исследование языковых явлений в тесной связи с культурой носителей языка. Научная новизна работы заключается в том, что в ней исследованы актуальные, социально и культурно значимые для современного местного русскоязычного социума осетинские регионализмы, выявлены сферы языковой картины мира носителей русского языка, наиболее подверженные влиянию со стороны осетинского языка. Установлено, что функционирование осетинских локализмов носителями русского языка обусловлено психологическим, социальным, культурным взаимодействием с носителями осетинского языка. Динамика функционирования регионализмов зависит не только от их собственного языкового «веса», но и культурной значимости. Доказано, что использование русскоязычными говорящими осетинских регионализмов не ощущается ими в качестве непрестижного, а рассматривается как средство их идентификации в культурном пространстве своего региона, что обусловлено как историческими, так и социокультурными причинами. В результате исследования авторы пришли к выводу о связи регионального варианта русского языка на территории РСО-А с процессом заимствования, который демонстрирует различную степень освоения и тем самым устойчивого и ситуативного употребления заимствованного из осетинского языка слова в русском высказывании. Лексико-семантическая специфика регионального варианта русского языка на территории РСО-А заключается в том, что он включает в свой состав определенное количество осетинских регионализмов, заполняющих существующие лакуны в основном в сфере бытового общения. Употребление осетинских регионализмов носителями русского языка всегда мотивировано: регионализм выступает в качестве единицы особого номинативного, семантического, экспрессивного содержания, функционирующей в ситуации непринужденного общения, когда социальный контроль за речью проявляется в меньшей степени. Именно эти качества обеспечивают устойчивость региональных явлений в русском языке. Регионализмы неоднородны в лексико-грамматическом и семантико-тематическом аспектах. The relevance of the problem under consideration in the general linguistic aspect is associated with regional variation of the Russian language, and in the special linguistic plan with insufficient knowledge of it in the territory of North Ossetia-Alania. Such study makes it possible to get acquainted with the features of its functioning in a multicultural space, interaction with various areas of the Ossetian language picture of the world, as well as identify regional cultural markers. The purpose of the study is to study in the communicative space of North Ossetia-Alania the lexical and semantic features of the regional version of the Russian language, due to lexical borrowings from the Ossetian language, reflecting the impact of Ossetian culture on Russian regional culture. To achieve this goal, the following methods were used: descriptive (collection of material, processing, interpretation and generalization), including methods of comparison, typology of the analyzed material; sociolinguistic (observation technique, including questioning, interviewing, experiment); linguoculturological, involving the study of linguistic phenomena in close connection with the culture of native speakers. The scientific novelty of the work lies in the fact that it investigated the Ossetian regionalisms that are relevant, socially and culturally significant for the modern local Russian-speaking society, identified areas of the linguistic picture of the world of native speakers of the Russian language that are most affected by the Ossetian language. It is established that the functioning of Ossetian localisms by native speakers of the Russian language is due to psychological, social, cultural interaction with native speakers of the Ossetian language. The dynamics of the functioning of regionalisms depends not only on their own linguistic "weight", but also on cultural significance. It is proved that the use of Ossetian regionalisms by Russian-speaking speakers is not perceived by them as non-prestigious, but is considered as a means of identifying them in the cultural space of their region, which is due to both historical and sociocultural reasons. As a result of the work done, the following results were obtained. The regional version of the Russian language in the territory of the North Ossetia-Alania is associated with the borrowing process, which demonstrates a different degree of development and thereby the sustainable and situational use of the word borrowed from the Ossetian language in the Russian utterance. The lexical and semantic specificity of the regional version of the Russian language on the territory of North Ossetia-Alania lies in the fact that it includes a certain number of Ossetian regionalisms that fill the existing gaps mainly in the field of everyday communication. The use of Ossetian regionalisms by native speakers of the Russian language is always motivated: regionalism acts as a unit of special nominative, semantic, expressive content, functioning in a situation of informal communication, when social control over speech is manifested to a lesser extent. It is these qualities that ensure the sustainability of regional phenomena in the Russian language. Regionalisms are heterogeneous in the lexical-grammatical and semantic-thematic aspects.

scholarly journals ABBREVIATION IN THE SPEAKER’S GRAMMAR: AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY

2021 ◽  
pp. 83-92
Author(s):  
E.N. Guts ◽  
◽  
D.V. Plotnikova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
High School Students ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Speech Communication ◽  
Semantic Features ◽  
Grammatical Structure ◽  
School Students ◽  
Linguistic Sign ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Russian Language

The article presents the results of a directed associative experiment carried out with high school students of secondary schools. The purpose of the article is to reveal the relationship between the structural and semantic features of the utterance and the strategies of the respondents’ choice of a linguistic sign (word/abbreviation) in the context of a directed associative experiment. The analysis of the experimental material made it possible to draw conclusions about the peculiarities of using the initial abbreviation as an associate; about the possibility of the abbreviation of stable and individual, situational associative links; about the strategies for choosing a linguistic sign (words, abbreviations, phrases) depending on the semantics of the reference word and the type of grammatical structure of the experimental sentence; on the consolidation of initial abbreviations in the linguistic consciousness of native speakers of the Russian language, which is associated with the strengthening of the law of economy of linguistic means in modern speech communication.

scholarly journals PARAMETRIC ADJECTIVES EVALUATION OF A HUMAN FIGURE IN THE RUSSIAN PICTURE OF THE WORLD ON THE BACK OF THE CHINESE LANGUAGE

2021 ◽  
pp. 148-158
Author(s):  
Zhang Hong ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Intercultural Communication ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
Chinese Language ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
The World ◽  
Human Figure ◽  
Human Image ◽  
The Russian Language ◽  
Cultural Features

The article is devoted to the analysis of parametric adjectives of the evaluation of the human figure in the Russian language through the prism of the Chinese language. The author reveals the ethnospecific features of Russian parametric adjectives, the presence of which causes certain difficulties for native speakers of the Chinese language picture of the world. The comparative analysis of these lexical units in the two languages reveals the national-cultural features of the perception of the human image and the features of the fragments of the national linguistic picture of the world in intercultural communication.

scholarly journals BODY PART NOUN GROUPS WITH SPATIAL MEANINGS IN LINGUISTIC WORLD PICTURE

2021 ◽  
pp. 31-36
Author(s):  
Т.Е. Чаплыгина
Keyword(s):  
Native Speakers ◽  
Spatial Relations ◽  
Body Part ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
World Picture ◽  
The World ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Russian Language

В статье рассматриваются особенности выражения пространственных отношений именными локативными группами с названиями частей тела. Анализ показал, что выбор предлогов в или на при выражении пространственных отношений существительными, называющими части тела, в большой степени обусловлен особенностями восприятия мира носителями русского языка. The article touches upon the subject of spatial relations expressed by means of body part names in Russian language. The research demonstrated, that the choice of prepositions v (in) or na (on) when expressing spatial relations with body part names is largely due to the peculiarities of the perception of the world by native speakers of the Russian language.

Mythologeme Mat’-Syra-Zemlya (Damp Mother Earth) in the Russian language picture of the world

2021 ◽  
pp. 138-151
Author(s):  
Marina V. Pimenova ◽  
◽  
Elena A. Moshina ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Native Speakers ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Ritual Practice ◽  
Great Mother ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Mother Goddess ◽  
The World ◽  
Mother Earth ◽  
Russian Linguistic ◽  
The Russian Language

The paper presents the study of the mythologeme Mat’-Syra-Zemlya (Damp Mother Earth) as a part of the Russian language picture of the world. Mythologeme is a phenomenon of language consciousness going back to a certain archetype. The authors have revealed that the linguistic consciousness of the Russian language native speakers firmly holds the linguoculturological meanings of the mythologeme under study, with most striking, firmly rooted in the Russian language picture of the world, the differential signs associated with this mythologeme being: ‘person (female)’ (48.5 %), ‘mother’ (26.3 %), ‘goddess’ (17.3 %), ‘surface’ (5.4 %), ‘grave’ (2.5 %). The mythologeme Mat’-Syra-Zemlya combines two differential signs: ‘birth’ and ‘death’. The earth is the birth womb and grave into which a person leaves after death. There is evidence of syncretism of sememes due to the change of religion: the adoption of Christianity when a new ritual practice of funerals came to Russian culture. According to the analysis, the mythologeme Mat’-Syra-Zemlya implements a complex of signs in the Russian linguistic culture, with the prototype being a more ancient mythologeme - Velikaya Boginya Mat’ (the Great Mother Goddess). The study has revealed the following associative meanings related to the mythologeme Mat’-Syra-Zemlya in the Russian linguistic culture: 1. Earthly life in this world; 2. Agricultural activities of man (plowing); 3. Family - earthly and heavenly; 4. Ritual practice (oath, frankincense; handful / pinch of land transported to a new land); 5. Death and funeral; 6. Birth and return to earth.

scholarly journals Evolution of the Associative-Verbal Network of the Concept “Old Age” in the Language Consciousness of the Native Russian-Language Speakers of the 20s of the XXI Century

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 1147-1159
Author(s):  
Lubov’ A. Safaralieva
Keyword(s):  
Old Age ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
Native Speaker ◽  
Negative Attitude ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
The World ◽  
A Chain ◽  
Online Format ◽  
The Russian Language

The development of information technologies, change of political system and other socio-political changes in the life of any state, leave an imprint on the linguistic consciousness of a typical native speaker. Notwithstanding, the national conceptual sphere or nave linguistic picture of the world has undergone significant changes, for all the changes in the world around us are fragmentally recorded in the collective linguistic consciousness of Russian language native speakers. The concepts of old age that were relevant to the residents of our state three decades ago, have undergone significant changes. Negative attitude to the old age, pessimism, and a sense of the inevitable end of life, have been replaced by the hope of a prosperous, happy, financially stable old age. The younger generation does not hesitate to draw a parallel between such concepts as old age and retirement - this fact was recorded for the first time as previously, the scientific studies based on data from associative experiments, hadnt noted similar approach. The above conclusions were obtained as a result of a chain associative experiment with the word-stimulus old age, which involves obtaining 3 reactions of students to this stimulus (on the basis of the Faculty of Philology of the RUDN). 99 students (aged 17-25), native speakers of the Russian language, were selected to participate in the experiment (these parameters are reflected in the questionnaire of the subjects). Due to the unfavorable epidemiological situation and the conditions of distance learning, the experiment was conducted in an online format using the MS Forms application. The obtained resulting associative-verbal network of the concept old age was compared with the characteristics of the above-mentioned concept, recorded in the Associative Dictionary of the Russian Language edited by Yuri Nikolaevich Karaulov.

scholarly journals DERIVATION-SEMANTIC FEATURES OF THE FAMILY OF WORDS WITH THE VERTEX KITAJ

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Siqi Li ◽  
Vera A. Kosova ◽  
Lanyi Li
Keyword(s):  
Native Speakers ◽  
Word Formation ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Semantic Features ◽  
Semantic Approach ◽  
Scientific Image ◽  
Internet Resources ◽  
New Meanings ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Russian Language

The article is concerned with the study of word-formation and semantic features of Russian derivatives that make up the family of words with the vertex Китай (Kitaj). With the intensification of cooperation and the expansion of intercultural contacts between China and Russia, the concept Китай (Kitaj) continues to be actively developed in modern Russian, enriched with new meanings and new forms of expression of these meanings via derivation. Against this background, the formation of a scientific image of the family of words with Китай (Kitaj) seems necessary and relevant, primarily from the standpoint of the derivational-semantic approach. The present paper considers more than 50 words that are included in the family of words with Китай (Kitaj), which are lexicalized in the Russian word-formation dictionary by A.N. Tikhonov (28 units) and Internet resources (23 units). The article analyzes the word-formation structure of these words, reveals their semantic features, considers derivational relations between the units of the family, determines a set of word-formation categories that are realized in this family. It is concluded that a large volume of the family of words with the top word Китай and the complexity of its formal and semantic structure indicate the importance for the native speakers of the Russian language of the concept designated by the original word of the family

scholarly journals Associative field of the concept “fire” in the linguistic consciousness of native Russian speakers at the background of the Latvian linguistic culture

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 241-252
Author(s):  
Elvira S. Isajeva ◽  
Elina G. Vasiljeva
Keyword(s):  
Native Speakers ◽  
Native Speaker ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
Russian Speakers ◽  
The World ◽  
Different Cultures ◽  
Russian Linguistic ◽  
The Russian Language

The research is devoted to one of the modern trends in linguistics - cultural linguistics. The topicality is related to the study of the Russian language functioning as the language of diaspora in the eastern region of Latvia - Latgale. The research aims to characterize the means of expressing the concept fire based on modelling and analyzing its associative field in the aspect of Latvian picture of the world. Theory and practice of the associative experiment were used as a methodological framework for the research. The method of free associative experiment reveals the specific features of different cultures, as well as the functional peculiarities of the linguistic consciousness both of a separate individual - a native speaker, and of a certain ethnic or national group. The word fire (Latvian - uguns) was suggested as a stimulus word. The received reactions were analyzed according to linguistic and cultural-contextual aspects. A comparative analysis of the associative fields revealed both the specific features of the Russian linguistic picture of the world, which combines the characteristics inherent in the Russian language of the metropolis and the ones that indicate the influence of the linguistic and cultural environment, and the features and signs that coincide or are identical in the Russian and the Latvian linguistic picture of the worlds. The data processing and the analysis define the concept fire precisely as a full-fledged concept in the perception of the native speakers of the Russian language in Latgale, since not only the dictionary meaning is actualized in their linguistic picture of the world, but also a multi-level associative field, unique in terms of contextual connotations, is modelled.

scholarly journals STEREOTYPIC IDEA OF A TOM-CAT AND A CAT THROUGH THE PRISM OF COMPARATIVE PHRASEOLOGICAL UNITS OF RUSSIAN AND SWEDISH LANGUAGES

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 288-300
Author(s):  
Alexey S. Alyoshin ◽  
Elena I. Zinovyeva
Keyword(s):  
Native Speakers ◽  
Domestic Animals ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
The World ◽  
Standard Of Comparison ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Different Characteristics ◽  
The Russian Language ◽  
National Corpus

The article attempts to identify the stereotypic idea of widespread domestic animals (a tomcat and a cat) on the material of similes of Russian and Swedish languages that characterize humans. The objective of the study is to identify the dominant characteristics of the “tom-cat” and “cat” in the Russian language picture of the world, which serve to assess a person, against the Swedish background. The sources of the material were dictionaries of Russian similes, the Swedish Phraseological Dictionary, data of the Russian National Corpus and the Swedish National Corpus. The main methods used in the study are methods of complete and directed material sampling, lexicographical, contextual and comparative analysis. This is an ideographic classification of Russian idioms, which allows to reveal comparison signs relevant for the Russian language picture of the world. The article identifies the dominant comparison bases in each group, indicating the importance of the corresponding attribute for native speakers. It analyzes gender distinctions in the use of Russian phraseological units with the “tom-cat” and “cat” reference standards, and peculiarities of using Russian similes in fiction contexts. A contrastive analysis is carried out with Swedish comparative phraseologisms with the standard “en katt”. The novelty of the study is to identify similar and different characteristics that allow to make a “portrait” description of domestic animals that serve as standards of similes, to identify relevant features for Russian and Swedish language pictures of the world. The study vector is directed from the standards of similes to their bases. As a result of the study, conclusions are drawn about the greater nominative density of idioms with “tom-cat / cat” components in Russian compared to Swedish, differences in gender relatedness due to the lack of generic differentiation of the Swedish standard of comparison, despite the fact that in Russian the replacement of the component “tom-cat” by “cat” leads to a change in the meaning of the phraseological unit, more detailed stereotypical representations in the Russian language particularly in such ideographic groups of similes as characteristics of appearance and behavior and to a greater peyorativity of Russian phraseological units compared to Swedish ones. The identified equivalent units in two languages, as well as the presence of the same ideographic groups of similes are due to the centuries-old observation of the peoples-speakers of languages for the universal features of the appearance and behavior of animals.

ASPECTS OF LEXICAL COLLOCATION OF HIGH-DEGREE WORDS ‘SILNIY’, ‘KREPKIY’, ‘ZHELEZNIY’

2020 ◽  
pp. 263-280
Author(s):  
M. V. Voronets ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Second Language ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Semantic Features ◽  
Word Use ◽  
High Degree ◽  
The Russian Language

This study examines the lexical compatibility of high-degree words in the Russian language, specifically ‘silniy’ (strong), ‘krepkiy’ (hard), ‘zhelezniy’ (strong as iron), which have similar meanings. By comparing the dictionary meanings of a word and analyzing their compatibility, researches can specify its semantic features and explain the collocation limitations. The results can be used to develop the proper recommendations on the word use and exercises for the learners of Russian as a second language.

On the role of the anthropocentric factor in the realization of the derivational potential of names of ungulates as motivating lexical units

2021 ◽  
pp. 191-210
Author(s):  
Nikolay D. Golev ◽  
◽  
Irina P. Falomkina ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Native Speakers ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Search System ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Data Capturing ◽  
Building Behavior ◽  
Building System ◽  
Google Search ◽  
The Russian Language

The paper is dedicated to describing the word-building system of the Russian language in terms of its vocabulary. Lexical factors are discussed influencing the formation of lexical units’ potential as motivating units of word-building processes and relations and the realization of this potential in language activities. Of most interest for the authors are anthropocentric determinants, most of which are coordinating the lexical system and, through its mediation, the word-building system with the worldview of native speakers of the Russian language. The proposed model of derivational development of vocabulary provides such coordination through studying the deep-seated process of conceptualization of the words that are the potential motivators of neologisms. This study identifies the word frequency as an external manifestation of conceptualization. The frequency data were obtained from Google search system statistical data. Capturing not only usual but also occasional and potential words, this source is an effective tool for studying word-building processes and their results. This study has unveiled the interrelation between the language worldview of native speakers of Russian and their “word-building behavior” in language activities. The worldview has been found, first of all, to be determined by the pragmatic factor, which primarily influences the usage of a word in the speech reflected by its frequency. The frequency ranks lexical units due to their derivational potential and thereby provides a researcher with a reliable instrument for its study.

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