scholarly journals REFLECTION OF ETHNOGRAPHIC LEXICON IN THE KARACHAY-BALKARIAN NART EPOS: MILITARY CLOTHING AND WEAPONS

Kavkaz-forum ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ф.Х.(. ГУЛИЕВА
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Material Culture ◽  
The Body ◽  
Military Equipment ◽  
The People ◽  
Functional Orientation ◽  
The Subject

Статья посвящена исследованию карачаево-балкарского нартского эпоса с применением метода лингвокультурологического анализа. Предметом изучения послужила встречающаяся в национальной версии Нартиады лексика, связанная с боевой экипировкой (одеждой и оружием). Особое внимание уделено средствам изображения и специфическим свойствам, которыми наделяются обозначенные предметы материальной культуры в фольклорных текстах. По функциональной направленности их условно можно разделить на средства защиты (доспехи, щиты и т.п.) и средства нападения (лук и стрелы, мечи, сабли, кинжалы, дубины и т.д.). Отмечается, что в карачаево-балкарских «Нартах» говорится не только о применении того или иного оружия, доспехов, но нередко подробно описывается и процесс его изготовления. Основным поставщиком вооружения является нартский кузнец Дебет. Тем не менее его помощниками выступают также мудрая Сатанай, ведающая хитрости придания оружию еще более смертоносных качеств путем применения различных ядов, и Сосурук, добывающий специфические средства и материалы для изготовления боевой амуниции. Одним из наиболее частых приемов при характеристике вооружения нартов является гиперболизация. В текстах также упоминается оружие извечных врагов нартского племени – эмегенов. Нередко оно наделяется чудесными свойствами (например, мечи-самосеки). Кроме того, в качестве оружия или средств усиления его свойств или улучшения боевых качеств воина могут выступать различные части тела самих великанов (спинной мозг, пищевод, нутряной жир и т.п.). В заключении делается вывод о том, что, несмотря на отражение исторических реалий самого народа-создателя эпоса «Нарты», при включении в ткань повествования предметы боевого снаряжения подвергаются влиянию законов художественной поэтики и обретают качества и свойства, не присущие им в действительности. The article is devoted to the study of the Karachay-Balkarian Nart epos using the method of linguoculturological analysis. The subject of study was the vocabulary found in the national version of Nartiada, related to military equipment (clothing and weapons). Particular attention is paid to the means of representation and specific properties, that are endowed with the designated objects of material culture in folklore texts. According to their functional orientation, they can be conditionally divided into means for protection (armor, shields, etc.) and means for attack (bow and arrows, swords, sabers, daggers, clubs, etc.). It is noted, that Karachay-Balkarian «Narts» speaks not only of the use of this or that weapon, armor, but often describes in detail the process of its manufacture. The main supplier of weapons is the Nart blacksmith Debet. Nevertheless, his assistants are also wise Satanay, who knows the tricks of making weapons even more lethal by using various poisons, and Sosuruk, who extracts specific means and materials for making combat ammunition. Exaggeration is one of the most common techniques, used to characterize the weapons of the Narts. The texts also mention the weapon of the eternal enemies of the Nart tribe – the Emegens. Often it is endowed with wonderful properties (for example, self-cutting swords). In addition, various parts of the body of the giants themselves (spinal cord, esophagus, internal fat, etc.) can act as weapons or means of enhancing their properties or improving the fighting qualities of a warrior. In the end it is concluded that, despite the reflection of the historical realities of the people-creator of the epos «Nart», when included in the fabric of the narrative, items of military equipment are influenced by the laws of artistic poetics and acquire qualities and properties, that are not inherent in them in reality.

scholarly journals Features of pre-scenography functioning in the ceremonial, ritual festive events of the Mordovians

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena N. Antipkina ◽  
Olga N. Prokaeva
Keyword(s):  
Material Culture ◽  
Analytical Method ◽  
Human Environment ◽  
Character Type ◽  
The People ◽  
Sociocultural Approach ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Interpretation Method ◽  
Game Type

Introduction. Ritual, ceremonial and festive events of the Mordovians represent a sphere of concentration and representation of spiritual-moral and value-oriented views of the people. They contain the origins of theatre and scenography as types of art. However, they cannot be considered as independent types of art in its modern meaning, as they used to exist in forms of theatricalization (pretheater) and pre-scenography. The subject of the article is the specifics of the functioning of pre-scenography in ceremonial, ritual and festive events of the Mordovians, as well as the disclosure of its main types: character type, determination of the place of action and game type. Materials and Methods. The theoretical materials are based on the research in the field of theatre and scenography. The reliability and academic validity of the research are ensured by the sociocultural approach, as well as by research methods, namely system-typological method, analytical method and interpretation method. Results and Discussion. Having studied the functioning of pre-scenography in ritual, three types of ceremonial and festive events of the Mordovians are revealed. The character type included a variety of components: metaphorical image, nature phenomena and objects, anthropomorphic and zoomorphic images, as well as objects of material culture. The next type determined the place of action which included everyday human environment, as well as production and household spaces. The game type implied conversion of performers of rituals and ceremonies into zoomorphic images, into various human (sometimes imaginary) characters through costumes, makeup and masks. Conclusion. Based on the analysis of the ritual, ceremonial and festive events of the Mordovians, a typology of pre-scenography is given, the special features of its functioning are determined.

XXX. On the cutaneous pigmentary system of the frog

1858 ◽  
Vol 148 ◽  
pp. 627-643 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Branching Processes ◽  
Bright Light ◽  
Stellate Cells ◽  
The Body ◽  
Tree Frog ◽  
Dark Pigment ◽  
The Subject

The fact that the skin of the frog is capable of varying in colour, has been for some years known to German naturalists. The first account of the mechanism by which these changes are effected, appears to have been given by Professor Brücke, of Vienna, in 1852, and the subject has since been very carefully investigated by Dr. von Wittich of Königsberg, and Dr. E. Harless of Munich. All these observers describe the dark pigment as contained in stellate cells, each composed of a central part or body and several tubular offsets, which, subdividing minutely and anastomosing freely with one another and also with those of neighbouring cells, constitute a delicate network in the substance of the true skin. They describe the dark contents as sometimes concentrated in the bodies of the cells, at other times diffused throughout the branching processes, the skin of the creature being pale in the former case and dark in the latter. In the tree-frog the change from a dark to a pale state of the body generally was induced by bringing the creature into a bright light, by psychical excitement (as was supposed), or by galvanizing the spinal cord; and a similar effect was produced on a particular portion of the surface by irritating it mechanically, or with oil of turpentine, or by galvanism applied either directly to the part, or through branches of nerves leading to it. After the source of irritation was removed, the skin returned somewhat slowly to its former colour; and von Wittich noticed that when the paleness produced by direct irritation had passed off, the tint became deeper in the irritated spot than elsewhere. The esculent frog exhibited similar phenomena, but was less sensitive. The concentrated state of the pigment is attributed by all the observers above named to contraction of the cells, while the diffused condition is supposed due to their relaxation.

Touchy-Feely History: The ‘Stuff’ of American Culture

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-18
Author(s):  
Lauren Rebecca Sklaroff
Keyword(s):  
Material Culture ◽  
Cultural History ◽  
Race And Ethnicity ◽  
The Body ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Historical Significance ◽  
Research Perspectives ◽  
Economic Trends ◽  
Recent Trends ◽  
New Research

This state of the field essay examines recent trends in American Cultural History, focusing on music, race and ethnicity, material culture, and the body. Expanding on key themes in articles featured in the special issue of Cultural History, the essay draws linkages to other important literatures. The essay argues for more a more serious consideration of the products within popular culture, less as a reflection of social or economic trends, rather for their own historical significance. While the essay examines some classic texts, more emphasis is on work published within the last decade. Here, interdisciplinary methods are stressed, as are new research perspectives developing by non-western historians.

Diaghilev and British Writing

2009 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-92
Author(s):  
Susan Jones
Keyword(s):  
Visual Arts ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Literary Responses ◽  
Literary Aesthetics ◽  
Ballets Russes ◽  
The Arts ◽  
The Subject ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Opening Up

This article explores the diversity of British literary responses to Diaghilev's project, emphasising the way in which the subject matter and methodologies of Diaghilev's modernism were sometimes unexpectedly echoed in expressions of contemporary British writing. These discussions emerge both in writing about Diaghilev's work, and, more discretely, when references to the Russian Ballet find their way into the creative writing of the period, serving to anchor the texts in a particular cultural milieu or to suggest contemporary aesthetic problems in the domain of literary aesthetics developing in the period. Figures from disparate fields, including literature, music and the visual arts, brought to their criticism of the Ballets Russes their individual perspectives on its aesthetics, helping to consolidate the sense of its importance in contributing to the inter-disciplinary flavour of modernism across the arts. In the field of literature, not only did British writers evaluate the Ballets Russes in terms of their own poetics, their relationship to experimentation in the novel and in drama, they developed an increasing sense of the company's place in dance history, its choreographic innovations offering material for wider discussions, opening up the potential for literary modernism's interest in impersonality and in the ‘unsayable’, discussions of the body, primitivism and gender.

Compulsive Bodies, Creative Bodies: Beckett'sQuadand Agency in the 21stCentury

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-21
Author(s):  
Amanda Dennis
Keyword(s):  
Human Action ◽  
The Body ◽  
New Materialism ◽  
Illustrative Case ◽  
Repetitive Movement ◽  
Repetitive Tasks ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Object Oriented Ontology ◽  
Geological Space ◽  
Alternative Reading

Lying in ditches, tromping through mud, wedged in urns, trash bins, buried in earth, bodies in Beckett appear anything but capable of acting meaningfully on their environments. Bodies in Beckett seem, rather, synonymous with abjection, brokenness, and passivity—as if the human were overcome by its materiality: odours, pain, foot sores, decreased mobility. To the extent that Beckett's personae act, they act vaguely (wandering) or engage in quasi-obsessive, repetitive tasks: maniacal rocking, rotating sucking stones and biscuits, uttering words evacuated of sense, ceaseless pacing. Perhaps the most vivid dramatization of bodies compelled to meaningless, repetitive movement is Quad (1981), Beckett's ‘ballet’ for television, in which four bodies in hooded robes repeat their series ad infinitum. By 1981, has all possibility for intentional action in Beckett been foreclosed? Are we doomed, as Hamm puts it, to an eternal repetition of the same? (‘Moments for nothing, now as always, time was never and time is over, reckoning closed and story ended.’)This article proposes an alternative reading of bodily abjection, passivity and compulsivity in Beckett, a reading that implies a version of agency more capacious than voluntarism. Focusing on Quad as an illustrative case, I show how, if we shift our focus from the body's diminished possibilities for movement to the imbrication of Beckett's personae in environments (a mound of earth), things, and objects, a different story emerges: rather than dramatizing the impossibility of action, Beckett's work may sketch plans for a more ecological, post-human version of agency, a more collaborative mode of ‘acting’ that eases the divide between the human, the world of inanimate objects, and the earth.Movements such as new materialism and object-oriented ontology challenge hierarchies among subjects, objects and environments, questioning the rigid distinction between animate and inanimate, and the notion of the Anthropocene emphasizes the influence of human activity on social and geological space. A major theoretical challenge that arises from such discourses (including 20th-century challenges to the idea of an autonomous, willing, subject) is to arrive at an account of agency robust enough to survive if not the ‘death of the subject’ then its imbrication in the material and social environment it acts upon. Beckett's treatment of the human body suggests a version of agency that draws strength from a body's interaction with its environment, such that meaning is formed in the nexus between body and world. Using the example of Quad, I show how representations of the body in Beckett disturb the opposition between compulsivity (when a body is driven to move or speak in the absence of intention) and creative invention. In Quad, serial repetition works to create an interface between body and world that is receptive to meanings outside the control of a human will. Paradoxically, compulsive repetition in Beckett, despite its uncomfortable closeness to addiction, harnesses a loss of individual control that proposes a more versatile and ecologically mindful understanding of human action.

Need of Human Rights as a Better Way of Life

Think India ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 72-83
Author(s):  
Tushar Kadian
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Basic Needs ◽  
Research Paper ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Labour Unions ◽  
The People ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Made In

Actually, basic needs postulates securing of the elementary conditions of existence to every human being. Despite of the practical and theoretical importance of the subject the greatest irony is non- availability of any universal preliminary definition of the concept of basic needs. Moreover, this becomes the reason for unpredictability of various political programmes aiming at providing basic needs to the people. The shift is necessary for development of this or any other conception. No labour reforms could be made in history till labours were treated as objects. Its only after they were started being treating as subjects, labour unions were allowed to represent themselves in strategy formulations that labour reforms could become a reality. The present research paper highlights the basic needs of Human Rights in life.

Senam Sehat dalam Meningkatkan Imun Tubuh pada Masa Pandemi Covid 19 di Desa Peringgasela Selatan

10.29210/9940 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-36
Author(s):  
Muhammad Husni Tamim ◽  
Rina Nopiana
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Community Service ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
The Body ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Study Program ◽  
Education And Health ◽  
The People ◽  
Real Work ◽  
Sports Activities

Doing physical activity can make the body fit and increase the body's immunity to be able to fight the virus during the Covid-19 pandemic. Based on this, sports activities are needed to invite people to maintain their physical health through healthy exercise activities which are held aimed at increasing people's interest in exercising during the Covid-19 pandemic during new normal so that their body endurance is better. This community service (PKM) is a form of real work from the Hamzanwadi University Physical Education and Health Study Program for the people of South Pringgasela Village to participate in healthy gymnastics as an effort to prevent Covid-19. Healthy gymnastics activities can increase public awareness of the importance of maintaining health in the era of the Covid-19 pandemic.

Etos Kerja Islam Dan Ketahanan Usaha Kerajinan Tangan

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad Ubaidillah ◽  
Misbahul Khoir
Keyword(s):  
Group Discussion ◽  
Scientific Methods ◽  
Analysis Techniques ◽  
Religious Rituals ◽  
The People ◽  
Depth Interview ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Village ◽  
Collection Methods

The objectives of research include; first, to describe what local Islamic working ethos are as the basis for the resilience of songkok, whip and slap handicraft businesses in Serah Panceng Gresik Village. Second, to describe the resilience of the songkok, whip and slap handicraft business in the village of Serah Panceng Gresik. This study is a qualitative-descriptive study with the aim of understanding the phenomena experienced by the subject of research including behavior, perception, motivation, and action holistically by utilizing various scientific methods. Data collection methods include; Observation, In-depth Interview or Focus Group Discussion, Documentation. Data analysis techniques include: processing and preparing data for analysis, reading the entire data, analyzing in more detail by coding data, considering detailed instructions that can help the coding process, giving descriptions that will be presented in the report, interpreting and interpreting data. The results showed that in Serah Village local Islamic working ethos were preserved by the community, such as alms giving, reading dziba', reading tahlil, attending haul akbar, and reading sholawat together every Friday. Although in the tradition it does not involve songkok, whip, and slap directly, there is a good impact to support the resilience of songkok, but not whip, and slap production. Religious rituals by praying together asking Allah to facilitate and carry out business in production songkok, whip, and slap are an expression of gratitude for what God gave to the people of Serah Village. All economic activity done by Serah community is meant to get God’s willing. Keywords: Islamic Working Ethos, Handicraft Businesses

Predicting the citation and impact factor of terms for scientific publications using machine learning algorithms

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksey Klokov ◽  
Evgenii Slobodyuk ◽  
Michael Charnine
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Semantic Processing ◽  
The Body ◽  
Machine Learning Algorithms ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
Text Data ◽  
Semantic Relationships ◽  
Subject Areas ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Scientific Environment

The object of the research when writing the work was the body of text data collected together with the scientific advisor and the algorithms for processing the natural language of analysis. The stream of hypotheses has been tested against computer science scientific publications through a series of simulation experiments described in this dissertation. The subject of the research is algorithms and the results of the algorithms, aimed at predicting promising topics and terms that appear in the course of time in the scientific environment. The result of this work is a set of machine learning models, with the help of which experiments were carried out to identify promising terms and semantic relationships in the text corpus. The resulting models can be used for semantic processing and analysis of other subject areas.

IMPLEMENTATION OF FATWA ULAMA COUNCIL ACEH CONCERNING MAINTAINING FARDHU KIFAYAH FOR THE MUSLIM’S CORPSE INFECTED BY COVID 19 IN BANDA ACEH

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andri Nirwana
Keyword(s):  
Health Workers ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Body Fluids ◽  
The Body ◽  
Analysis Approach ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Infected People ◽  
The Public ◽  
The People ◽  
Banda Aceh

Abstract: The phenomenon of the people who forcibly took covid's corpse 19 from the hospital to be taken care of by Fardhu Kifayah by his family and the community, became a conclusion that there was community doubt about the management of Tajhiz Mayat conducted by the hospital. Coupled with the circulation of the video of the Ruku movement 'in the corpse prayer conducted by unscrupulous parties at the Hospital, became added doubts from the public against the hospital. To solve this problem, this research uses a Descriptive Analysis approach, namely by formulating a question, namely How to arrange Covid 19's body in Banda Aceh and this question will be answered with several theories and data sets from the field. So it was concluded in a conclusion that answered the formulation of the problems mentioned. Theoretically the spread of covid 19 is very fast, the size of the virus is only 0.1 micrometer and is in body fluids, especially nasopharyngeal fluid and oropharyngeal fluids of infected people, fluids in the body of covid 19 bodies can get out through every gap of the body such as mouth, nose, eye and rectum, because it requires special techniques in its management. Fardhu kifayah to covid 19 bodies should be carried out by trained Ustad and trained health workers, so that the spread stopped. The results of this study concluded that the management of the Moslem bodies died at Zainal Abidin Hospital in Banda Aceh was in accordance with the Fatwa of the Aceh Ulama Council (MPU) and the bodies were handled by trained Ustad and health workers.

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