scholarly journals Experimental study of the gonadotoxic effect of forest fire smoke

2020 ◽  
Vol 99 (10) ◽  
pp. 1149-1152
Author(s):  
Mikhail A. Novikov ◽  
Vera A. Vokina ◽  
Elizaveta S. Andreeva ◽  
Anton N. Alekseenko ◽  
Larisa M. Sosedova
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Forest Fire ◽  
Reproductive System ◽  
Leydig Cells ◽  
White Male ◽  
The Body ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Natural Fires ◽  
White Rats

Introduction. The study of the effects of air smoke during natural fires on the reproductive system is the actual scientific problem at present. Material and methods. The experimental study took place in 2 stages. At the first stage of the study, white male rats were exposed to the smoke-bearing effects of wildfire for 7 days (4 hours a day), and at the second stage, 5 days a week (4 hours a day) for one month. Immediately after the end of the exposure, the animals were decapitated under light ether anesthesia to study the morphofunctional state of the reproductive system, which included counting the total number of spermatogonia, the number of tubules with desquamated epithelium, as well as determining the spermatogenesis index and the number of Leydig cells. Results. The functional state of the reproductive system of male white rats after exposure to smoke for 1 week did not have statistically significant differences from the animals of the control group. At the same time, an increment in the duration of exposure (4 weeks) led to significant morphological and functional disorders of the reproductive system of male white rats, characterized by a decrease in the spermatogenesis index with a simultaneous decrease in the percentage of spermatogonia and the number of interstitial Leydig cells. Discussion. Male reproductive health can be a sensitive marker of environmental factors, and there is no evidence of smoke from natural fires in modern literature. This study justifies the need to develop new approaches to the diagnosis and prevention of adverse effects on the body for a long stay in a smoke area. Conclusion. The results of the study indicate the prolonged exposure to combustion products released during a forest fire to lead to inhibition of reproductive function in male white rats.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Pemberian Ekstrak Rumput Laut Cokelat (Sargassum duplicatum) terhadap Peningkatan Kadar Hematokrit pada Darah Tikus Putih Jantan Galur Wistar (Rattus norvegicus) Anemia yang di Induksi NaNO2

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 38
Author(s):  
Ayu Mayang A. P. ◽  
Liliawanti Liliawanti ◽  
Wachjudi Kurnia
Keyword(s):  
Rattus Norvegicus ◽  
White Male ◽  
Brown Seaweed ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Laboratory Method ◽  
The Body ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Significant Difference

<p>Anemia is still a high prevalence disease in Indonesia, caused by a lack of iron in the body. The components from brown seaweed such as cobalamin (vitamin B12), pyridoxine (vitamin B6), chlorophyll and iron (Fe) can increase red blood cells in the body. The purpose of this research was to determine the effect of brown seaweed (<em>Sargassum duplicatum</em>) which can increase hematocrit levels in the blood of white male wistar strain rat (<em>Rattus norvegicus</em>) suffered from anemia in induction NaNO<sub>2</sub>.</p><p>            This research uses an experimental laboratory method with a post test only control group design. The samples were 30 male rats divided into 3 treatment groups, the negative control group (K<sub>0</sub>) without treatment, the positive control (K<sub>1</sub>) be treated anemia given NaNO<sub>2</sub> for 18 days without <em>Sargassum duplicatum </em>extract and treatment group (K<sub>2</sub>) treated with anemia given NaNO<sub>2</sub> for 18 days without <em>Sargassum duplicatum </em>extract at a dose of 2,45gr / kgBB. On the 40<sup>th</sup> day, a blood sample was taken, then measured the hematocrit level.</p><p>            The results showed that the mean number of blood hematocrit levels in K<sub>2</sub> was higher than K<sub>1</sub>, it showed a significant difference descriptively. Based on the Kruskal-Wallis test, a value of 0.260 was obtained that p &gt; 0,05 showed that there were no statistically significant differences between groups of experimental animals.</p><p>            From the results of this research, the conclusion is the administration of brown seaweed extract (<em>Sargassum duplicatum</em>) descriptively increased, but not statistically significant.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Keywords :</strong> Anemia, hematocrit, <em>Sargassum duplicatum</em>, NaNO<sub>2</sub></p>

scholarly journals PENGARUH PEMBERIAN EKSTRAK PEPAYA TERHADAP KADAR KOLESTEROL TOTAL, LDL DAN HDL DARAH TIKUS PUTIH JANTAN HIPERKOLESTEROLEMIA

2012 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Endrinaldi Endrinaldi ◽  
Asterina Asterina
Keyword(s):  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Bile Acids ◽  
White Male ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
The Body ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Intestinal Lumen ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Soluble Fiber

AbstrakPepaya mengandung pektin yang merupakan serat larut air. Pektin berkemampuan mengikat asam empedu dan dieliminasi keluar tubuh melalui feses. Penurunan jumlah asam empedu di lumen usus menyebabkan hepar menggunakan kolesterol dalam darah untuk membentuk asam empedu. Hal tersebut mengakibatkan penurunan jumlah kolesterol.Tujuan studi ini adalah untuk melihat pengaruh pemberian ekstrak pepaya mengkal terhadap kadar kolesterol total, HDL dan LDL tikus putih. Desain penelitian ini adalah eksperimental menggunakan 20 ekor tikus putih jantan yang dibagi menjadi empat kelompok, yaitu kelompok kontrol, dan kelompok perlakuan dengan pemberian ekstrak pepaya dengan dosis 0,5 ml, 1 ml dan 1,5 ml per 200g/BB melalui oral selama 15 hari.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terjadinya penurunan rerata kadar kolesterol total, LDL, dan peningkatan kadar HDL serum tikus setelah pemberian ekstrak pepaya selama 15 hari secara bermakna (p<0,05). Tetapi tidak terjadi perbedaan yang bermakna (p>0,05) antara kelompok yang diberi ekstrak pepaya dengan dosis 0,5 ml, 1 ml, dan 1,5 ml.Kesimpulan yang dapat diambil dari studi ini ialah bahwa ekstrak pepaya dapat menurunkan kadar kolesterol total, LDL, dan peningkatan kadar HDL pada serum tikus putih jantanKata kunci : pektin, kolesterol, asam empedu, serat, tikus.AbstractPapaya contain pectin which is a water-soluble fiber. Pectin has the ablity to bind bile acids and eliminated out of the body through the feces. Decrease in the amount of bile acids in intestinal lumen causing liver uses cholesterol to synthesize bile acids blood.The purpose of this study was to see the effect of papaya extract on total cholesterol, HDL and LDL of male rats. This is an experimental research design using 20 white male rats were divided into four groups : control group and group treated with papaya extract a dose of 0,5 ml, 1 ml per 200 gr/body weight orally for 15 days.Results showed a decrease in everage total cholesterol, LDL and increased serum levels of rats after administration of papaya extract after 15 days wereARTIKEL PENELITIAN30significantly (p<0,05). But no significantly difference occused (p>0,05) between groups were fed papaya extractat a dose of 0,5 ml, 1 ml and 1,5 ml.Conclusions from the study are that papaya extract can lower total cholesterol, LDL and levels increased in the serum of male ratsKey word : pectin, cholesterol, bile acid, fiber, rats.

scholarly journals Anti-inflammatory Activity of Ethanol Extract of Lotus (Nelumbo nucifera G.) Seed Against White Male Rats Using Paw Edema Method

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Khairani Fitri ◽  
Tetty Noverita Khairani ◽  
Kristin Tiurma Sianturi ◽  
Leny Leny ◽  
Ihsanul Hafiz
Keyword(s):  
White Male ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Nelumbo Nucifera ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Paw Edema ◽  
White Rats ◽  
Activity Test ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

The purpose of this study was to determine the anti-inflammatory activity test of ethanol extract of lotus seeds in rats induced by carrageenan. The research method used was experimental. The object used in this study was male white rats. Observations were made for 6 hours and then the data were analyzed using the one way analysis of variance (ANOVA) test. The anti-inflammatory activity test was carried out on the test animals which were divided into 5 groups, 3 each with the suspension test group with a dose of 200, 300, 400 mg/kg bw, the negative control group was the CMC Na 1% suspension and the positive control was diclofenac Na 2, 25 mg/kg bw. The results showed that the ethanol extract of the seeds of lotus (Nelumbo nucifera G) was proven to have an anti-inflammatory effect on carrageenan-induced male white rats at doses of 200, 300 and 400 mg/kg BW with the percentage value of inflammation inhibition at the 6th hour was 65.79, 74.65 and 80.77%, with the most effective dose in reducing anti-inflammatory drugs being 400 mg/kg bw. The ethanol extract of the seeds of lotus (Nelumbo nucifera) has anti-inflammatory activity. Keywords: anti-inflammatory activity, Nelumbo nucifera, paw edema

scholarly journals Histomorphometric assessment of changes in the acinus and islets of Langerhans’ of the pancreas under conditions of general dehydration of the body

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 33-37
Author(s):  
V.Yu. Kovchun
Keyword(s):  
Islets Of Langerhans ◽  
White Male ◽  
The Body ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Pancreatic Parenchyma ◽  
Intact Group ◽  
Pathological Conditions ◽  
Degree Of Severity

Dehydration accompanies a number of pathological conditions and causes alteration of the organs and systems of an organism. Research aim: to study histomorphometric changes in pancreas under the conditions of general dehydration of an organism, to identify correlation between the studied groups. The experiment was carried out on 35 white male rats. Pancreas was stained with haematoxylin and eosin and also Van Gieson’s stain was used. The size of acini and islets of Langerhans and other parenchyma formations were assessed. The acini area of has decreased by 6.5% (р˃0.05) in comparison with the intact group on the 3rd day. The area of islets of Langerhans decreased by 2% (р˃0.05) in comparison with the intact group. The area of islets of Langerhans has increased by 0.2% (р˃0.05) on the 7th dayof experiment in comparison with the control group and by 2.2% (р˃0.05) in comparison with the 3rd day. Acini area has increased by 7.2% (р˃0.05) on the 7th day in comparison with the control group and by 13.2% (р˃0.05) in comparison with the 3rd day. The acini area has increased by 25.8% (р<0.05) on the 10th day in comparison with the control group; by 30.6% (р<0.01) in comparison with the 3rd day; by 20.2% (р˃0.05) in comparison with the 7th day. The area of is lets of Langerhans has increased by 55.5% (р<0.001) incomparison with the control group, by 56.3% (р<0.001) in comparison with the 3rd day; by 55.4% (р<0.001) in comparison with the 7th day. The results analysis found the correlation between the area of islets of Langerhans and acini r=0.407, p<0.05; between the area of islets of Langerhans and dehydration degree r=0.708, p<0.001; between acini area and dehydration degree r=0.534, p<0.001. It was found by morphologically that the presence of destructive changes in the pancreatic parenchyma, which progress as the degree of severity of dehydration.

scholarly journals Impact of forest fire smoke on the state of the central nervous system of rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 100 (11) ◽  
pp. 1224-1228
Author(s):  
Larisa M. Sosedova ◽  
Vera A. Vokina ◽  
Mikhail A. Novikov ◽  
Elizaveta S. Andreeva ◽  
Viktor S. Rukavishnikov
Keyword(s):  
Forest Fire ◽  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
White Male ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Smoke Inhalation ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Bioelectrical Activity ◽  
Average Amplitude ◽  
Fire Smoke

Introduction. The adverse negative effect of forest fire smoke on human health represents a unique interdisciplinary challenge to the scientific community. The influence of forest fire smoke on locomotor activity, cognitive indices, and brain bioelectrical activity parameters in exposed rats is presented. Materials and methods. Experimental studies were carried out on outbred white male rats. The animals of the experimental group were exposed to smoke inhalation forest fire for one day. Immediately after the end of the exposure, the animals were examined, including testing in an open field and Morris water maze, as well as an electroencephalographic examination. Results. At twenty-four-hour exposure to wildfire smoke in the model, conditions showed increasing motor and research activity of male rats against the backdrop of growing anxiety. Disorders of indicators of spatial memory and navigation learning were not revealed. On the encephalogram of the exposed animals, in comparison with the control group, the δ-rhythm range predominated, more pronounced in the leads of the right hemisphere. A decrease in the power spectrum and the average amplitude β1-rhythm, as well as a tendency to decrease the average amplitude of θ-rhythm, were revealed. The indices of the primary EEG rhythms did not have statistically significant differences when compared with the control group. Conclusion. The results showed that forest fire smoke leads to changes in the bioelectric activity of brain structures and dysregulation of individual behaviour in animals, all of which may indicate the formation of increased levels of stressing beyond physiological adaptation.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF 70% ETHANOL EXTRACT OF ORTHOSIPHONIS STAMINEUS BENTH LEAVES ON THE PHARMACOKINETIC PARAMETERS OF FUROSEMIDE IN MALE WHITE RATS

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 54
Author(s):  
Riana Maya Oktaviani ◽  
Santi Purna Sari ◽  
Yahdiana Harahap
Keyword(s):  
White Male ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Combination Group ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Parameters ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
White Rats

Objective: This study aimed to observe the effect of the 70% ethanol extract of Orthosiphonis stamineus Benth leaves on the pharmacokineticparameters of furosemide in white male rats.Methods: 18 Sprague–Dawley male rats were divided into three groups: The normal control group was given only 1% carboxymethyl cellulose,the furosemide group was given 7.2 mg/200 g body weight (BW) suspension of furosemide, and the combination group was given 700 mg/kg BWsuspension of the 70% ethanolic extract of O. stamineus Benth leaves for 4 days followed by a 7.2 mg/200 g BW suspension of furosemide. On the4th day of treatment, we performed orbital sinus blood sampling on the eyes of the rats and analyzed the levels of furosemide in plasma using highperformanceliquid chromatography.Results: Therefore, the results showed that the administration of the 70% ethanol extract of O. stamineus Benth leaves improves the pharmacokineticparameters of furosemide on Cpmax and the area under the curve (p<0.05).Conclusion: This study concludes that the 70% ethanol extract of O. stamineus Benth leaves improves the pharmacokinetic parameters of furosemidein white male rats.

scholarly journals Neuroglobin in Neurons of the Frontal and Parietal Cortex of White Rats in Cholestasis

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-29
Author(s):  
S. V. Emel'yanchik ◽  
O. A. Karnyushko ◽  
S. M. Zimatkin
Keyword(s):  
Bile Duct ◽  
Common Bile Duct ◽  
Parietal Cortex ◽  
Pyramidal Neurons ◽  
White Male ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
White Rats ◽  
The Common ◽  
Cytophotometric Analysis

The aim of the study was to investigate the distribution and content of neuroglobin in the pyramidal neurons of the frontal and parietal cortex of white rats during simulated cholestasis.Material and methods. The study included 60 outbred white male rats weighed 200–250 g. Cholestasis was simulated by ligation of the common bile duct in the porta hepatis area (main group, n=30). Animals of the control group (n=30) were performed a false operation preserving physiological bile outflow. Sections of the frontal and parietal cortex of white rats were selected for investigation. The content and distribution of neuroglobin was detected immunohistochemically on paraffin sections using mouse monoclonal primary antibodies Anti- Neuroglobin antibody (Abcam). Cytophotometric analysis was used to perform quantitative assessment of the content of the studied molecular marker; after that statistical analysis was performed.Results. It was found that the content of neuroglobin in the pericarions of neurons of the frontal and parietal cortex modified in a wave-like mode. After ligation of the common bile duct, the content of neuroglobin significantly decreased in 2, 10 and 45 days (minimum on the 10th day) in the frontal cortex and in 90 days in the parietal cortex, and increased in 5 and 20 days of the experiment (maximum on the 20th day).Conclusion. In cholestasis, the content of neuroglobin in the pericarions of neurons of the frontal and parietal cortex modifies in waves: a decrease is observed on the 2nd, 10th, 45th day; an increase is observed on the 5th and 20th day; a recovery is observed on the 90th day.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF NIFEDIPINE ON APOPTOSIS, NECROSIS AND VIABILITY OF GERMINAL EPITHELIAL CELLS IN THE CONTRALATERAL TESTICLE AND PLASMA TESTOSTERONE LEVELS IN MALE WHITE RATS (RATTUS NORVEGICUS, WISTAR STRAIN) AFTER UNILATERAL TESTICULAR TORSION

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hajid Rahmadianto Mardihusodo ◽  
Fikri Rizaldi ◽  
Lukman Hakim
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Rattus Norvegicus ◽  
Testicular Torsion ◽  
White Male ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Plasma Testosterone ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Control Group ◽  
White Rats ◽  
Wistar Strain

Objective: To compare the number of apoptosis, necrosis and viability of germinal epithelial cells in the contralateral testicle (CT) and plasma testosterone (PT) levels in white male rats which administered Nifedipine after unilateral testicular torsion (TT) compared with control group. Material & Methods: This research was an experimental study using male white rats (Rattus Norvegicus, Wistar strain) aged 10-12 weeks and body weight 150-200 gram. A total of 30 rats were then randomly divided into 5 groups (n=6) which were negative control group (KN), positive control group (KP1 and KP2) and Nifedipine-administered group (N1 and N2). Each group performed unilateral left side torsion of testicular of 1080o anticlockwise except the KN group. There was 4-hour ischemic duration in the KP1 and N1 groups while 10 hours in the KP2 and N2 groups. Administration of Nifedipine 30 minutes before detorsion by intraperitoneal injection dosed 100 μg/kgBW. All groups performed right orchidectomy and plasma blood sampling. Measurement of apoptosis, necrosis and viability of germinal epithelial cells in the CT using flowcytometry. Measurement of PT levels using Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). Results: The number of apoptosis, necrosis and viability of contralateral testicular germinal epithelial cells and PT levels in the KN group compared with KP1 and KP2 groups were significantly different (p<0.05). There was no significant discrepancy in apoptosis (p>0.05) in KP1 group compared with N1 group, as well as in KP2 group compared with N2 groups. The number of necrosis, viability of germinal epithelial cells in the CT and PT level in KP1 group in compared with N1 group, as well as in KP2 group in compared with N2 group were significantly different (p<0.05). Conclusion: Nifedipine administration prior to testicular detorsion can maintain cell viability and decrease the amount of necrotic germinal epithelial cells in the CT and prevent the decrease in PT levels after unilateral TT.

scholarly journals The Effect of Mangosteen Rind Extract (Garcinia mangostana L.) Toward Stress Oxidative Parameter, Leukocytes, Leukocytes Type Counts on Male Rats (Rattus norvegicus) with Excessive Physical Activity

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (A) ◽  
pp. 904-909
Author(s):  
Rika Nailuvar Sinaga ◽  
Zulaini Zulaini
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Rattus Norvegicus ◽  
Leukocyte Count ◽  
The Body ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Garcinia Mangostana ◽  
Average Percentage ◽  
White Rats

BACKGROUND: Excessive and heavy physical activity could lead to the oxidative stress in the body. This condition can affect several blood parameters such as malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), leukocytes, and its type counts. One way to overcome the effects of oxidative stress due to strenuous physical activity is by giving natural antioxidants. Mangosteen rind (Garcinia mangostana L.) contains considerable antioxidants, namely, xanthones and procyanidin. AIM: This research aimed to investigate the effect of mangosteen rind extract (MRE) on oxidative stress parameters, leukocyte count, and leukocyte count in male rats (Rattus norvegicus) that received excessive physical activity. METHODS: This study was purely experimental research with a post-test only control group design, using 29 white rats (R. norvegicus) as experimental animals, which were divided into four groups. The first group (P1) received distilled water and the other group received MRE at a dose of 50 mg/KgBW (Body Weight) (P2), 100 mg/KgBW (P3), and 200 mg/KgBW (P4) for 3 weeks, respectively. Swimming as a physical activity was carried out 3 times a week in all groups. Examination of leukocyte count and species was carried out on the last day of treatment after the rats swam to fatigue. RESULTS: MDA levels did not decrease significantly while GPx activity increased significantly. Moreover, the average leukocytes and lymphocytes showed a decrease but not significant. A significant decrease in the percentage of neutrophils and basophils was obtained by P4 group compared to others. In addition, a significant decrease in the average percentage of eosinophils for P3 and P4 groups was obtained. Furthermore, P3 and P4 group exhibit significant increase of the average percentage of monocytes. CONCLUSION: MRE as an antioxidant affects the levels of neutrophils, basophils, eosinophils, and monocytes but not in MDA, GPx, leukocytes, and lymphocytes.

The effects of an anabolic steroid (oxandrolone) on reproductive development in the male rat

1992 ◽  
Vol 126 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernard H Grokett ◽  
Nazir Ahmad ◽  
Dwight W Warren
Keyword(s):  
Anabolic Steroid ◽  
Reproductive System ◽  
Leydig Cells ◽  
Anabolic Steroids ◽  
Reproductive Development ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Male Rat ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Personal Appearance

Oxandrolone is a 5α-reduced anabolic steroid that is administered for the treatment of short stature disease in children. It is a commonly used substance beginning as early as prepuberty by some individuals who are seeking to enhance athletic performance or personal appearance. Because of the lack of data on the effects of anabolic steroids on the reproductive system, we have examined the effects of oxandrolone treatment on reproductive development in male rats with treatment beginning two days after weaning. Male, Sprague-Dawley rats (N=12) received a daily subcutaneous injection of oxandrolone (32.7 μmol·kg−1·day−1) and the control group (N= 12) received vehicle only (dimethyl sulfoxide). Treatment began at age 23 days and continued to 60 days of age. The weights of the testes, prostate glands, and seminal vesicles in the treatment group were 69%, 50% and 29% below control levels, respectively and were all significantly decreased (p<0.01). Testicular testosterone production in a 3-h incubation was inhibited in the treated animals to 1.3% of control values (p<0.001). Serum FSH (11.7% of control) and LH (undetectable) in the treated animals were both significantly less than controls. Histological findings indicated an arrest of advanced spermatids and a severe depletion of Leydig cells in the interstitial compartment. It was concluded that treatment of immature male rats with oxandrolone results in effects on the adult male reproductive system which are profound and occur at several levels. The most likely affected sites are the hypothalamus, pituitary gland, and the Leydig cells.

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