scholarly journals THE STATUS OF GENDER AND ITS ECONOMIC PARTICIPATION CONSIDERING THE RESULTS OF THE 2016 ALGERIAN NATIONAL SURVEY ON EMPLOYMENT

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 257-272
Author(s):  
Assia CHERIF ◽  
◽  
Mehdi HATTAB ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Labor Market ◽  
Gender Equality ◽  
National Survey ◽  
Services Sector ◽  
The Public ◽  
Female Workers ◽  
Economic Participation ◽  
The Status ◽  
First Job

This analytical descriptive paper aims to highlight the position of gender and its economic participation considering the results of the Algerian National Survey of Employment for the year of 2016. In parallel with a great international interest in women's issues through various international conferences and their decisions that aim to empower women without restrictions in various fields on all levels and in parallel with gender equality. Algeria is among the countries that make efforts to empower women and despite that women still suffering from marginalization which is manifested in their participation and their indicators in the labor market. Workers are divided by 17.63% women and 82.36% men, meaning men represent four times the women. Female workers prefer the public sector, 75% of them are in the trade and services sector. The average age of the first job in the male category was 19.97 years and 24.89 in the Female category. This paper also examines the most important obstacles facing women’s empowerment and recommends reducing gender differences in all forms and gives several suggestions of contribution.

Gender Inequality in the Indonesian Labor Market

2021 ◽  
pp. 24-44
Author(s):  
Ngadi Ngadi ◽  
Devi Asiati ◽  
Ade Latifa ◽  
Nawawi Nawawi
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Labor Force ◽  
Gender Equality ◽  
Gender Inequality ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Manufacturing Sector ◽  
Gender Mainstreaming ◽  
Services Sector ◽  
Female Workers ◽  
Labor Force Survey

Indonesia has committed to embody gender equality in the labor market through gender mainstreaming programs in all sectors. Nevertheless, the reality indicates that gender inequality in the labor market still exists. This chapter aims to discuss various issues of gender inequality in the Indonesian labor market in the agriculture, manufacturing, and services sectors. The data used for the analysis is the 2016 national labor force survey. The survey covered 82,613 workers with 31,256 of them from the agricultural sector, 14,835 from the manufacturing sector and 36,522 from the services sector. The analysis shows the dominance of male labor in all the sectors with the lowest proportion of female workers occurs in the manufacturing sector (27.1%) followed by the agricultural sector (37.5%) and the services (46.5%). Based on the type of position, men are more dominant in strategic positions in all the three sectors. The highest wage disparity between women and men takes place in the agricultural sector followed by the manufacturing and the services.

scholarly journals Does Gender Status Translate into Economic Participation of Women? Certain Evidence from Kerala

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-56
Author(s):  
B Pradeep Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Participation Rate ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Education And Health ◽  
Participation Of Women ◽  
Economic Participation ◽  
Gender Status ◽  
Gender Inclusion ◽  
The Status ◽  
Secular Decline

Many indicators of gender inclusiveness show that Kerala has been much ahead of other states in ensuring the welfare of females. It needs to be reiterated that in both education and health, women in Kerala stand quietly at the receiving ends as the beneficiaries rather than the agents of economic and social change. The women’s inclusive way of progress does not necessarily confine itself to the widening of education and health opportunities for women. Still, it largely and more positively depends on the effective participation of women in economic activities. It is disheartening that if we probe into the status of women from these yardsticks of ‘active’ economic participation, the picture of gender equality appears more discouraging in Kerala, which has been acclaimed as a ‘model’ for not only other states in the country but also for other countries in the world. A secular decline in the Work Participation Rate for women in the labor market clearly shows that education does not aid women to add themselves to the labor market. Economists and sociologists offer many plausible explanations for this absconding nature of educated and skilled women from the labor market. The real gender inclusion and women empowerment will be fulfilled only when women start actively engaging in productive fields using their knowledge and entitlements.

scholarly journals Genesis or Evolution of Gender Differences? Worldview-based Dilemmas in The Processing of Scientific Information

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephan Lewandowsky ◽  
Jan Woike ◽  
Klaus Oberauer
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Sex Differences ◽  
Gender Equality ◽  
Scientific Information ◽  
Evolution Of Sex ◽  
The Public ◽  
Alternative Medicines ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Large N

Some issues that have been settled by the scientific community, such as evolution, the effectiveness of vaccinations, and the role of CO2 emissions in climate change, continue to be rejected by segments of the public. This rejection is typically driven by people's worldviews, and to date most research has found that conservatives are uniformly more likely to reject scientific findings than liberals across a number of domains. We report a large (N>1,000) preregistered study that addresses two questions: First, can we find science denial on the left?Endorsement of pseudoscientific complementary and alternative medicines (CAM) has been anecdotally cited as being more consonant with liberals than conservatives. Against this claim, we found more support for CAM among conservatives than liberals. Second, we asked how liberals and conservatives resolve dilemmas in which an issue triggers two opposing facets of their worldviews. We probed attitudes on gender equality and the evolution of sex differences---two constructs that may create conflicts for liberals (who endorse evolution but also equality) and conservatives (who endorse gender differences but are sceptical of evolution). We find that many conservatives reject both gender equality and evolution of sex differences, and instead embrace ``naturally occurring'' gender differences. Many liberals, by contrast, reject evolved gender differences, as well as naturally occurring gender differences, while nonetheless strongly endorsing evolution.

scholarly journals DINAMIKA GENDER DALAM MASYARAKAT

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 207-227
Author(s):  
Fatimah Saguni
Keyword(s):  
Gender Roles ◽  
Public Sphere ◽  
Gender Equality ◽  
Gender Relations ◽  
Embryological Development ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Public Sphere ◽  
Biological Differences

The status and roles of women produce various conclusions due to different perspectives and approaches in examining gender relations and the dynamics of interactions that occur in gender relations in society. Biological differences between men and women have occurred since the conception, embryological development and puberty. Socioculturally, these differences are developed in accordance with the conditions that occur among the ethnic groups concerned. This shift can be seen in the increasing number of women who penetrate the public sphere, even willing to leave their homes to get work. Differences in gender roles that are formed by society are continuously socialized through education, either directly or indirectly in families, schools and in the community. Therefore, society really adheres to the rules that differentiate the roles of women and men. For this reason, various efforts are needed to fight for gender equality in people's lives.

The Aspirational Ethos: Gender, Consumerism, and Labor

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brooke Erin Duffy
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Labor Force ◽  
Social Hierarchies ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
The Public ◽  
Female Workers ◽  
Liberation Movement ◽  
Social Positioning ◽  
History Of ◽  
Gender Based

This chapter argues that the gendered history of the producer/consumer binary is a multifarious one, structured through evolving norms about women's social positioning within various spheres, most especially the public and private domains. Fortunately, these rudimentary—and overwhelmingly patriarchal—norms have been challenged on a number of fronts, and once-airtight boundaries are being slowly effaced. Yet the specter of traditional, gender-based divisions lingers on. Thus, while female workers have made substantial gains in the labor force since the women's liberation movement, occupational inequalities and social hierarchies persist—though they are much too often brushed aside with narratives about innate “gender differences” or, alternatively, “pipeline problems.”

Hak Pendapatan Pekerja Perempuan dalam Al-Qur’an

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-118
Author(s):  
N. Noorchasanah
Keyword(s):  
Women Workers ◽  
Gender Equality ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
The Public ◽  
Equal Status ◽  
Female Workers ◽  
The Individual

The Qur'an teaches about balance relationship between men and women in the scope of social life. In reality, there are a lot of scholars and interpretator have the point of view that women should limit themselves to be active in the public area’s.  So there are the issues related to the protection of the income rights of women workers themselves. Wahbah Zuhaili and Quraish Shihab itself was a figure of nowadays interpretator who often discuss gender equality. The model used in this interpretation is a descriptive analysis, which revealed the interpretation Wahbah Zuhaili and Quraish Shihab is based on the issues related to interpretation books Al-Misbah and Al-Munir. The thematic interpretation methods used in assessing the verses associated with it, particularly on gender. Wahbah Zuhaili and Quraish Shihab explain that women have equal status with men because women have their own rights. so it is fitting female workers have the same rights as male workers, both in terms of income, protection, opportunities of employment and gain comfort within the scope of its work. And this was in accordance with the rules possessed by Islam itself, where men and women both are equal and equally rewarded in accordance with what has been cultivated by the individual. Wahbah Zuhaili and Quraish Shihab also prohibit discrimination on the matter. So that the results of the analysis are expected to be implemented in the making of policies relating to the income rights of women workers themselves.

Der Differences in Attitudes toward Unions

ILR Review ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa A. Schur ◽  
Douglas L. Kruse
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
National Survey ◽  
Work Force ◽  
White Collar ◽  
Family Responsibilities ◽  
Female Workers ◽  
The U.S

In the U.S. private sector, women are less likely than men to be union members. This study analyzes a unique national survey (conducted in 1984) to determine if women are less interested than men in unionizing or if, instead, they are equally interested but face higher barriers to unionization. The results support the latter interpretation. In particular, nonunion women in private sector white-collar jobs (representing over half of the female nonunion work force) expressed more interest than comparable men in joining unions. This finding appears to reflect more optimism among the women in this group than among the men about what unions can accomplish; it is not explained by gender differences in attitudes toward jobs or employers. The authors discount theories that family responsibilities, or concerns of female workers that set them apart from men, present special barriers to unionization.

scholarly journals Women Workers in the Indonesian Labor Market: Inevitable Marginalization

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 235
Author(s):  
Poppy - Ismalina
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Labor Market ◽  
Women Workers ◽  
Wage Gap ◽  
Working Women ◽  
Work Participation ◽  
Level Of Education ◽  
Female Workers ◽  
Descriptive Statistical Analysis

<p>By conducting descriptive statistical analysis and the establishment of two econometric models, this study proves that the marginalization of women in the Indonesian labor market still occurs even though the quality of Indonesian women from the level of education and work participation is increasing. The phenomenon of marginalization of women is characterized by 1) the wage gap due to gender differences, namely the wages received by female workers are lower than male workers for all types of work; 2) the chances of men to find work are far higher than women in the Indonesian labor market. The study concludes that the wage gap due to gender differences is not due to competition in the labor market but rather due to the assumption that working women are secondary and supplementary breadwinners in their households, and the role that they can be play is only an extension of their domestic role. Thus, the main cause of the marginalization of women in the labor market is the low awareness of gender equality, something which has already taken root in Indonesia.</p><p> </p>

Maximizing gender equality by minimizing course choice options? Effects of obligatory coursework in math on gender differences in STEM.

2017 ◽  
Vol 109 (7) ◽  
pp. 993-1009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolas Hübner ◽  
Eike Wille ◽  
Jenna Cambria ◽  
Kerstin Oschatz ◽  
Benjamin Nagengast ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Gender Equality
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document