scholarly journals Immobilization of heavy Pb(II) and Cd(II) ions from aqueous discharges

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 96-105
Author(s):  
Said Al Rabadi
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Metal Ions ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Wastewater Purification ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
In Virtue Of

Jordanian sand deposits are naturally available in enormous amounts, located in Sweileh area, West Amman, which are mainly composed of low costs constituents from silica, Kaolin Clay, and metal oxides. A novel and simple methodology is presented for preparation, characterization, and behavior assessment of the potential nano-Kaolinite/ Silica oxides composites (nKSOC), for the immobilization of heavy Pb(II) and Cd(II) ions from aqueous solutions’ discharges. In this study, the synthesis of nKSOC composites was conducted from the Jordanian sand deposits, mechanically reduced in size and then chemically acid-activated at room temperature, for the scope of wastewater purification through adsorption of heavy Pb(II) and Cd(II) ions from an aqueous medium. The synthesized nKSOC were subjected to analytical techniques; X-ray diffraction (XRD) and size reduction, to deduce their appropriate characterizations. Key parameters, considered for the enhancement of the adsorption technique, were pH, initial metal ions concentration, contact time, sorbent's dosage, and temperature. Experimental data were analyzed by Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models, for the prediction of the adsorption behavior. Langmuir isotherms reproduce the experimental data with a maximum adsorption capacity of 172.4 (mg/gadsorbent) and 158.7 (mg/gadsorbent) for Pb(II) and Cd(II) ions, respectively, under unchangeable conditions of the constant temperature of 303K and slightly acidic pH in the range of 5.5 - 6. The adsorption of heavy metal ions was spontaneous and endothermic; (∆Ho) (7.47 kJ/mol) and 7.87 (kJ/mol) for Pb(II) and Cd(II) ions, respectively, and with negative Gibbs free energy (∆Go), the adsorption process is performed under mild conditions. In virtue of these remarkable findings, nKSOC could be effectively used as a low-prized adsorbent to uptake heavy Pb(II) and Cd (II) metals from aqueous waste media.

Removal of acetaminophen (ACT) from aqueous solution by using nanosilica adsorbent: experimental study, kinetic and isotherm modeling

2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-62
Author(s):  
Akbar Eslami ◽  
Zahra Goodarzvand Chegini ◽  
Maryam Khashij ◽  
Mohammad Mehralian ◽  
Marjan Hashemi
Keyword(s):  
Removal Rate ◽  
Synthesis Method ◽  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Bet Analysis ◽  
Pseudo Second Order

Purpose A nanosilica adsorbent was prepared and characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and BET. Design/methodology/approach The optimum conditions for the highest adsorption performance were determined by kinetic modeling. The adsorbent was used for the adsorption of acetaminophen (ACT), and the parameters affecting the adsorption were discussed like pH, initial concentration, contact time and adsorbent dosage. The adsorbent have been characterized by SEM, XRD and BET analysis. The kinetic models including pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order with Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models were applied to investigate the kinetic and isotherms parameters. Findings The adsorption of ACT increased to around 95% with the increase of nanosilica concentration to 30 g/L. Moreover, the adsorption process of ACT follows the pseudo-second-order kinetics and the Langmuir isotherm with the maximum adsorption capacity of 609 mg/g. Practical implications This study provided a simple and effective way to prepare of nanoadsorbents. This way was conductive to protect environmental and subsequent application for removal of emerging pollutants from aqueous solutions. Originality/value The novelty of the study is synthesizing the morphological and structural properties of nanosilica-based adsorbent (specific surface area, pore volume and size, shape and capability) and improving its removal rate through optimizing the synthesis method; and studying the capability of synthesis of nanosilica-based adsorbent for removal of ACT as a main emerging pharmaceutical water contaminant.

Adsorptive Removal of Drimarene Brilliant Blue by Thermo Stable, Eco-friendly Graphene Oxide Reinforced Polyvinyl Alcohols Hydrogels With High Reusability Potential

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adeel Mustafa ◽  
Nazia Yaqoob ◽  
Maheen Almas ◽  
Shagufta Kamal ◽  
Khalid Mahmood Zia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Thermo Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
Brilliant Blue ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Pseudo Second Order

Abstract In this study graphene oxide (GO) reinforced polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) composites hydrogels were synthesized and used as efficient adsorbents for Drimarene Brilliant Blue K-4BL. GO nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesized by modified Hummer’s method. The composites were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), Thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The results showed homogeneous dispersion of reinforcement in the synthesized composites. Moreover thermal stability of the composites was significantly enhanced by the addition of graphene oxide nanoparticles. The synthesized composites were used for the removal of Drimarene brilliant Blue from model waste water. The effect of pH, content of GONPs and initial concentration of Drimarene Brilliant Blue K-4BL on the adsorption capacity of synthesized GO/PVA composites were investigated. The equilibrium isothermal data were studied by applying Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models. Results demonstrated that the adsorption process is well described by the Langmuir adsorption isotherm. According to the Langmuir model, maximum adsorption capacity i.e. 32mg/g was obtained at 0.7% GO/PVA composite. From the kinetic study it was concluded that pseudo-second-order model is the best fitted. Synthesized composites showed excellent reusability (almost 95 %) for the adsorption of Drimarene Brilliant Blue K-4BL after four successive cycles of adsorption and desorption. Thus, the GO/PVA composites demonstrated a great potential in terms of cost effectiveness, efficiency and reusability for the removal of Drimarene Brilliant Blue K-4BL dye.

scholarly journals Removal of Methyl Violet 2B from Aqueous Solution Using Casuarina equisetifolia Needle

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Khairud Dahri ◽  
Muhammad Raziq Rahimi Kooh ◽  
Linda B. L. Lim
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Methyl Violet ◽  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Casuarina Equisetifolia ◽  
Dye Pollutants ◽  
Methyl Violet 2B ◽  
Before And After

One of the major contaminants of water bodies is dye pollutants that come from textile, paper, and leather industries. In this study, Casuarina equisetifolia needle (CEN) is used to remove methyl violet 2B (MV) from aqueous solutions. Batch experiments were done to investigate the contact time, effect of pH, initial dye concentrations, and temperature. Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models were used to describe the interaction between the adsorbate and adsorbent. The sorption mechanism was described using Lagergren 1st order, pseudo 2nd order, and Weber-Morris intraparticle diffusion models. FTIR spectroscopy was used to analyze the functional groups of CEN before and after sorption with MV. Optimal conditions were found to be at room temperature with 2 h contact time and no pH adjustment was needed. Experimental data was best fitted onto Langmuir model with maximum adsorption capacity of 164.99 mg/g, while pseudo 2nd order best described the experimental data for the kinetics study. Thermodynamic parameters such as change in Gibbs free energy (), enthalpy (), and entropy () were also investigated.

scholarly journals Adsorption of Phenol on Commercial Activated Carbons: Modelling and Interpretation

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 789 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bingxin Xie ◽  
Jihong Qin ◽  
Shu Wang ◽  
Xin Li ◽  
Hui Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
Mesoporous Structure ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Phenol Removal ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Pseudo Second Order

Adsorption by activated carbons (AC) is an effective option for phenolic wastewater treatment. Three commercial AC, including coal-derived granular activated carbons (GAC950), coal-derived powdered activated carbons (PAC800), and coconut shell-derived powdered activated carbons (PAC1000), were utilized as adsorbent to study its viability and efficiency for phenol removal from wastewater. Pseudo-first order, pseudo-second order, and the Weber–Morris kinetic models were used to find out the kinetic parameters and mechanism of adsorption process. Further, to describe the equilibrium isotherms, the experimental data were analyzed by the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models. According to the experimental results, AC presented a micro/mesoporous structure, and the removal of phenol by AC was affected by initial phenol concentration, contact time, pH, temperature, and humic acid (HA) concentration. The pseudo-second order kinetic and Langmuir models were found to fit the experimental data very well, and the maximum adsorption capacity was 169.91, 176.58, and 212.96 mg/g for GAC950, PAC800, and PAC1000, respectively, which was attributed to differences in their precursors and physical appearance. Finally, it was hard for phenol to be desorbed in a natural environment, which confirmed that commercial AC are effective adsorbents for phenol removal from effluent wastewater.

Biosorption of Cadmium onto Pseudomonas fluorescens: Application of Isotherm and Kinetic Models

2010 ◽  
Vol 171-172 ◽  
pp. 49-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chang Li Yu ◽  
Zhi Peng Lu ◽  
Fa Zhi Ge ◽  
Er Li Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Fluorescens ◽  
Functional Groups ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
Industrial Effluents ◽  
Rate Equations ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Kinetics Of Adsorption ◽  
Isotherm And Kinetic Models

The present study was undertaken to evaluate the feasibility of Pseudomonas fluorescens biomass for the removal of cadmium ions from aqueous solutions. Batch experiments were performed to study the adsorption of cadmium on pH, Pseudomonas fluorescens biomass adsorbent with respect to initial Cd(II) concentration, contact time and biomass dose. The experimental data were modeled by Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models. Langmuir model resulted in the best fit of the adsorption data. The maximum adsorption capacity for Cd(II) was 66.25 mg/g (pH 5.0 and 5 g/L biomass dose). Kinetics of adsorption followed second-order rate equations. The FTIR results of Pseudomonas fluorescens biomass showed that biomass has different functional groups and these functional groups are able to react with metal ion in aqueous solution. The results of the present study suggest that Pseudomonas fluorescens biomass can be used beneficially in treating industrial effluents containing heavy metal ions.

scholarly journals Phenol adsorption from wastewater using cashew nut shells as adsorbent

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 966
Author(s):  
Kartik Kulkarni ◽  
Varsha Sudheer ◽  
C R Girish
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Multilayer Adsorption ◽  
Phenol Adsorption ◽  
Cashew Nut ◽  
Experimental Parameters ◽  
Order Kinetic Model

The potential of agricultural waste cashew nut shells as an adsorbent for removing phenol from wastewater is presented in this paper. The adsorbent was treated with 3M sulphuric acid in order to improve the properties. The experimental parameters such as adsorbent dosage, concentration and temperature were optimized with response surface methodology (RSM). The isotherm data were tested with different isotherm models and it obeyed Freundlich Isotherm showing the multilayer adsorption. The kinetic data satisfied pseudo-first order kinetic model. The maximum adsorption capacity was calculated to be 35.08 mg/g proving the capability of cashew nut shells for removing phenol from wastewater.  

scholarly journals Multi-Component Adsorption of Benzene, Toluene, Ethylbenzene, and Xylene from Aqueous Solutions by Montmorillonite Modified with Tetradecyl Trimethyl Ammonium Bromide

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Nourmoradi ◽  
Mehdi Khiadani ◽  
M. Nikaeen
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Ammonium Bromide ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Multicomponent Adsorption ◽  
Benzene Toluene ◽  
Kinetic And Isotherm Models

Multicomponent adsorption of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene (BTEX) was assessed in aqueous solutions by montmorillonite modified with tetradecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (TTAB-Mt). Batch experiments were conducted to determine the influences of parameters including loading rates of surfactant, contact time, pH, adsorbate concentration, and temperature on the adsorption efficiency. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and X-ray diffractometer (XRD) were used to determine the adsorbent properties. Results showed that the modification of the adsorbent via the surfactant causes structural changes of the adsorbent. It was found that the optimum adsorption condition achieves with the surfactant loading rate of 200% of the cation exchange capacity (CEC) of the adsorbent for a period of 24 h. The sorption of BTEX by TTAB-Mt was in the order ofB<T<E<X. The experimental data were fitted by many kinetic and isotherm models. The results also showed that the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and Freundlich isotherm model could, respectively, be fitted to the experimental data better than other available kinetic and isotherm models. The thermodynamic study indicated that the sorption of BTEX with TTAB-Mt was achieved spontaneously and the adsorption process was endothermic as well as physical in nature. The regeneration results of the adsorbent also showed that the adsorption capacity of adsorbent after one use was 51% to 70% of original TTAB-Mt.

scholarly journals Adsorption of Mn2+ from Aqueous Solution Using Manganese Oxide-Coated Hollow Polymethylmethacrylate Microspheres (MHPM)

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Dhiraj Dutta ◽  
Jyoti Prasad Borah ◽  
Amrit Puzari
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Manganese Oxide ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Coated Sand

Results of investigation on adsorption of Mn2+ from aqueous solution by manganese oxide-coated hollow polymethylmethacrylate microspheres (MHPM) are reported here. This is the first report on Mn-coated hollow polymer as a substitute for widely used materials like green sand or MN-coated sand. Hollow polymethylmethacrylate (HPM) was prepared by using a literature procedure. Manganese oxide (MnO) was coated on the surface of HPM (MHPM) by using the electroless plating technique. The HPM and MHPM were characterized by using optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Optical and scanning micrographs were used to monitor the surface properties of the coated layer which revealed the presence of MnO on the surface of HPM. TGA showed the presence of 4-5% of MnO in MHPM. Adsorption isotherm studies were carried out as a function of pH, initial ion concentration, and contact time, to determine the adsorption efficiency for removal of Mn2+ from contaminated water by the synthesized MHPM. The isotherm results showed that the maximum adsorption capacity of MnO-coated HPM to remove manganese contaminants from water is 8.373 mg/g. The obtained R 2 values of Langmuir isotherm and Freundlich isotherm models were 1 and 0.87, respectively. Therefore, R 2 magnitude confirmed that the Langmuir model is best suited for Mn2+ adsorption by a monolayer of MHPM adsorbent. The material developed shows higher adsorption capacity even at a higher concentration of solute ions, which is not usually observed with similar materials of this kind. Overall findings indicate that MHPM is a very potential lightweight adsorbent for removal of Mn2+ from the aqueous solution because of its low density and high surface area.

scholarly journals Biosorption of Pb2+ and Cd2+ from Simulated Wastewater Using Melina (Gmelina arborea) Tree Leaves Powder

2018 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
N. O. Ilelaboye ◽  
A. A. Oderinde
Keyword(s):  
Metal Ions ◽  
Waste Treatment ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
Solution Concentration ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Operational Parameters ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Separation Parameter ◽  
Optimum Solution

Increased anthropogenic activities have led to serious environmental problems due to pollution caused by toxic materials such as heavy metals whose levels are rising in the environment. The inefficiency and high cost of conventional methods of waste treatment have prompted the investigation of environmentally friendly and cheaper methods of treatment using natural products. In this study, G. arborea leaves powder was investigated with a view of using it as cheap material for the biosorption of Pb2+ and Cd2+   from wastewater. The effects of operational parameters like pH, biosorbent dose [g/L], initial metal ions concentration [mg/L], contact time [minutes] and stirring speed [rpm] on the biosorption efficiency [%] were determined. The optimum solution pH for Pb2+ and Cd2+adsorption was 5.0 and peak adsorption of 91.33% and 82.53% for Pb2+ and Cd2+, respectively. 5 g/L Melina leaves were enough to achieve peak removal of both metal ions. The removal of the metal ions was comparatively quick, and stability was achieved after 30 minutes. The optimum stirring speed was 250 rpm for both metal ions. The uptake efficiency of the biosorbent was determined by Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models. The value of Langmuir isotherm separation parameter [RL] of Pb2+ ion [0.0446 - 0.78125] and Cd2+ [0.1005- 0.9482] were within range of 0 -1 indicating favorable biosorption for both metal ions. The degree of non-linearity [n] values between Pb2+ [12.79] and Cd2+ [11.79] solution concentration and biosorption in Freundlich equation were greater than 1, indicating physical biosorption of Pb2+ and Cd2+ on to G. arborea leaves. G. arborea can serve as efficient biosorbent not only for Pb2+ and Cd2+ ions but also for other heavy metal ions in a wastewater stream

scholarly journals The Removal of Uranium and Thorium from Their Aqueous Solutions by 8-Hydroxyquinoline Immobilized Bentonite

Minerals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 626 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salah ◽  
Gaber ◽  
Kandil
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Metal Ions ◽  
Langmuir Isotherm ◽  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Order Kinetic Model ◽  
Pseudo Second Order

The sorption of uranium and thorium from their aqueous solutions by using 8-hydroxyquinoline modified Na-bentonite (HQ-bentonite) was investigated by the batch technique. Na-bentonite and HQ-bentonite were characterized by X-ray fluorescence (XRF), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Factors that influence the sorption of uranium and thorium onto HQ-bentonite such as solution pH, contact time, initial metal ions concentration, HQ-bentonite mass, and temperature were tested. Sorption experiments were expressed by Freundlich and Langmuir isotherms and the sorption results demonstrated that the sorption of uranium and thorium onto HQ-bentonite correlated better with the Langmuir isotherm than the Freundlich isotherm. Kinetics studies showed that the sorption followed the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. Thermodynamic parameters such as ΔH°, ΔS°, and ΔG° indicated that the sorption of uranium and thorium onto HQ-bentonite was endothermic, feasible, spontaneous, and physical in nature. The maximum adsorption capacities of HQ-bentonite were calculated from the Langmuir isotherm at 303 K and were found to be 63.90 and 65.44 for U(VI) and Th(IV) metal ions, respectively.

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