scholarly journals Biosorption of Pb2+ and Cd2+ from Simulated Wastewater Using Melina (Gmelina arborea) Tree Leaves Powder

2018 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
N. O. Ilelaboye ◽  
A. A. Oderinde
Keyword(s):  
Metal Ions ◽  
Waste Treatment ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
Solution Concentration ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Operational Parameters ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Separation Parameter ◽  
Optimum Solution

Increased anthropogenic activities have led to serious environmental problems due to pollution caused by toxic materials such as heavy metals whose levels are rising in the environment. The inefficiency and high cost of conventional methods of waste treatment have prompted the investigation of environmentally friendly and cheaper methods of treatment using natural products. In this study, G. arborea leaves powder was investigated with a view of using it as cheap material for the biosorption of Pb2+ and Cd2+   from wastewater. The effects of operational parameters like pH, biosorbent dose [g/L], initial metal ions concentration [mg/L], contact time [minutes] and stirring speed [rpm] on the biosorption efficiency [%] were determined. The optimum solution pH for Pb2+ and Cd2+adsorption was 5.0 and peak adsorption of 91.33% and 82.53% for Pb2+ and Cd2+, respectively. 5 g/L Melina leaves were enough to achieve peak removal of both metal ions. The removal of the metal ions was comparatively quick, and stability was achieved after 30 minutes. The optimum stirring speed was 250 rpm for both metal ions. The uptake efficiency of the biosorbent was determined by Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models. The value of Langmuir isotherm separation parameter [RL] of Pb2+ ion [0.0446 - 0.78125] and Cd2+ [0.1005- 0.9482] were within range of 0 -1 indicating favorable biosorption for both metal ions. The degree of non-linearity [n] values between Pb2+ [12.79] and Cd2+ [11.79] solution concentration and biosorption in Freundlich equation were greater than 1, indicating physical biosorption of Pb2+ and Cd2+ on to G. arborea leaves. G. arborea can serve as efficient biosorbent not only for Pb2+ and Cd2+ ions but also for other heavy metal ions in a wastewater stream

scholarly journals Activated Carbon from Spent Brewery Barley Husks for Cadmium Ion Adsorption from Aqueous Solution

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilesanmi Osasona ◽  
Kayode Aiyedatiwa ◽  
Jonathan Johnson ◽  
Oluwabamise Lekan Faboya
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
Solution Concentration ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Cadmium Ion ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Barley Husk ◽  
Equilibrium Data

This study investigated the feasibility of using acid activated carbon prepared from brewery spent barley husks for the adsorption of cadmium from aqueous solution. The effects of operation parameters such as pH, contact time, adsorbent dosage, concentration and temperature were verified. The amount of cadmium adsorbed increased with increase in solution pH, initial solution concentration and with the amount of adsorbent dosed. A time of 5 minutes was required for attainment of equilibrium. The equilibrium data obtained were analysed using both Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models and the data were better described by Langmuir model with correlation coefficient of 0.9183. The thermodynamic parameters revealed that the removal of cadmium by the activated carbon was exothermic and spontaneous. Thus, activated carbon obtained from brewery spent barley husk can be employed as an economically viable low-cost adsorbent for removing cadmium from aqueous solution. 

scholarly journals Uptake of p-Nitrophenol (PNP) from model aqueous solutions using raw and quaternised Afromomum melegueta peels

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
J. Ndiritu ◽  
I W. Mwangi ◽  
J. I. Murungi ◽  
R. N. Wanjau
Keyword(s):  
Quaternary Ammonium ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Ammonium Compound ◽  
Cellulose Structure ◽  
Experimental Parameters ◽  
Ftir Technique ◽  
Design Simplicity ◽  
The Impact

 Anthropogenic activities contribute large amounts of pollutants to the environment which threaten animal and human health. There is increased realization of the effect of these toxins on surface and ground water, consequently, their elimination is vital in rendering secure water for drinking as well as culpable release of effluents to our habitats. Phenolic compounds cause serious health effects to both humans and animals; a p-Nitrophenol concentration of 1 ppb changes the taste and odour of water as well as meat and fish quality. In humans, exposure to PNP causes eye and skin burns while its interaction with blood leads to confusion, cyanosis and unconsciousness. It is imperative therefore to find ways for removing PNP from water. Among the available techniques for removing PNP from water, adsorption is more convenient and offers more advantages because of its design, simplicity, and operating flexibility. The present study involved application of peels of raw Afromomum melegueta (RAM) and quaternised Afromomum melegueta (QAM) to remove PNP from water through adsorption. The raw adsorbents were modified with a quaternary ammonium salt to improve their uptake efficiency. The impact of experimental parameters; contact time, pH, sorbent dose, temperature and concentration were investigated. Attenuated FTIR technique was employed to characterize the adsorbent materials. It was established that the quaternary ammonium compound was anchored chemically within the cellulose structure of Afromomum melegueta peels. The behavior of adsorption of PNP was investigated using Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models. The physical sorption load was 8.70 and 106.38 mg/g for RAM and QAM peels respectively from Langmuir adsorption equation. Uptake of PNP is high at the first 30 mins of contact and at sorbent dosage of 0.01 g and 0.03 g for RAM and QAM respectively. Quantity of PNP removed increases as the initial concentration rises however, adsorption decreases after a concentration exceeding 30 mg/L. The ideal pH and temperature for PNP removal is at pH 3 and 25 ˚C respectively. In conclusion, the findings suggest that Afromomum melegueta peels can be friendly to the environment, cheap biosorbents and efficient which can be applied for the uptake of PNP from drinking water

scholarly journals Adsorption Behaviors of Oxytetracycline onto Sediment in the Weihe River, Shaanxi, China

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dong-Hui Cheng ◽  
Sheng-Ke Yang ◽  
Yue Zhao ◽  
Jing Chen
Keyword(s):  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
Entropy Change ◽  
Impact Factors ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Adsorption Behaviors ◽  
Adsorption Data ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Weihe River ◽  
The Impact

Adsorption behaviors of oxytetracycline onto sediment in the Weihe River were described. The impact factors in the processes of adsorption, such as contact time, solution pH, temperature, and ionic strength, were determined by experiments. The experimental results were analyzed by kinetic and isotherm models. The adsorption kinetics was found to follow a pseudo-first-order model. The equilibrium adsorption data fitted well with the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models. However, the Langmuir isotherm was more suitable to describe the adsorption. Thermodynamics parameters such as Gibbs-free energy change (ΔG°), enthalpy change (ΔH°), and entropy change (ΔS°) were calculated. Results showed that the adsorption was feasible, spontaneous, entropy increasing, and endothermic in nature, which reached equilibrium in about 24 hours. The adsorption capacity did not cause obvious change at solution pH 4.0–7.0, and both decreased in solution pH 7.0–10.0 and 4.0–2.0. The presence of electrolytes such as NaCl in aqueous solution had a significant negative effect on the adsorption. The mechanisms controlling the adsorption were supposed to be chemisorption.

scholarly journals The Removal of Uranium and Thorium from Their Aqueous Solutions by 8-Hydroxyquinoline Immobilized Bentonite

Minerals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 626 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salah ◽  
Gaber ◽  
Kandil
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Metal Ions ◽  
Langmuir Isotherm ◽  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Order Kinetic Model ◽  
Pseudo Second Order

The sorption of uranium and thorium from their aqueous solutions by using 8-hydroxyquinoline modified Na-bentonite (HQ-bentonite) was investigated by the batch technique. Na-bentonite and HQ-bentonite were characterized by X-ray fluorescence (XRF), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Factors that influence the sorption of uranium and thorium onto HQ-bentonite such as solution pH, contact time, initial metal ions concentration, HQ-bentonite mass, and temperature were tested. Sorption experiments were expressed by Freundlich and Langmuir isotherms and the sorption results demonstrated that the sorption of uranium and thorium onto HQ-bentonite correlated better with the Langmuir isotherm than the Freundlich isotherm. Kinetics studies showed that the sorption followed the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. Thermodynamic parameters such as ΔH°, ΔS°, and ΔG° indicated that the sorption of uranium and thorium onto HQ-bentonite was endothermic, feasible, spontaneous, and physical in nature. The maximum adsorption capacities of HQ-bentonite were calculated from the Langmuir isotherm at 303 K and were found to be 63.90 and 65.44 for U(VI) and Th(IV) metal ions, respectively.

scholarly journals Characterization of Residual Biomasses and Its Application for the Removal of Lead Ions from Aqueous Solution

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (21) ◽  
pp. 4486 ◽  
Author(s):  
Candelaria Tejada-Tovar ◽  
Angel Darío Gonzalez-Delgado ◽  
Angel Villabona-Ortiz
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Adsorption Process ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
Mesoporous Structure ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Batch Mode ◽  
Suitable Alternative

The removal of water pollutants has been widely addressed for the conservation of the environment, and novel materials are being developed as adsorbent to address this issue. In this work, different residual biomasses were employed to prepare biosorbents applied to lead (Pb(II)) ion uptake. The choice of cassava peels (CP), banana peels (BP), yam peels (YP), and oil palm bagasse (OPB) was made due to the availability of such biomasses in the Department of Bolivar (Colombia), derived from agro-industrial activities. The materials were characterized by ultimate and proximate analysis, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller analysis (BET), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (EDS) in order to determine the physicochemical properties of bioadsorbents. The adsorption tests were carried out in batch mode, keeping the initial metal concentration at 100 ppm, temperature at 30 °C, particle size at 1 mm, and solution pH at 6. The experimental results were adjusted to kinetic and isotherm models to determine the adsorption mechanism. The remaining concentration of Pb(II) in solution was measured by atomic absorption at 217 nm. The functional groups identified in FTIR spectra are characteristic of lignocellulosic materials. A high surface area was found for all biomaterials with the exception of yam peels. A low pore volume and size, related to the mesoporous structure of these materials, make these bioadsorbents a suitable alternative for liquid phase adsorption, since they facilitate the diffusion of Pb(II) ions onto the adsorbent structure. Both FTIR and EDS techniques confirmed ion precipitation onto adsorbent materials after the adsorption process. The adsorption tests reported efficiency values above 80% for YP, BP, and CP, indicating a good uptake of Pb(II) ions from aqueous solution. The results reported that Freundlich isotherm and pseudo-second order best fit experimental data, suggesting that the adsorption process is governed by chemical reactions and multilayer uptake. The future prospective of this work lies in the identification of alternatives to reuse Pb(II)-contaminated biomasses after heavy metal adsorption, such as material immobilization.

scholarly journals Characteristics and adsorption study of the activated carbon derived from municipal sewage sludge

2017 ◽  
Vol 76 (7) ◽  
pp. 1697-1705 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiecheng Guo ◽  
Sicong Yao ◽  
Hengli Chen ◽  
Xin Yu ◽  
Meicheng Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
Bet Surface Area ◽  
Municipal Sewage ◽  
Municipal Sewage Sludge ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Adsorptive Capacity ◽  
Solution Ph

Sewage sludge-based activated carbon is proved to be an efficient and low-cost adsorbent in treatment of various industrial wastewaters. The produced carbon had a well-developed pore structure and relatively low Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area. Adsorptive capacity of typical pollutants, i.e. copper Cu(II) and methylene blue (MB) on the carbon was studied. Adsorptions were affected by the initial solution pH, contact time and adsorbent dose. Results showed that adsorption of Cu(II) and MB on the produced carbon could reach equilibrium after 240 min. The average removal rate for Cu(II) on the carbon was high, up to 97% in weak acidic conditions (pH = 4–6) and around 98% for MB in a very wide pH range (pH = 2–12). The adsorption kinetics were well fitted by the pseudo-second order model, and both Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models could well describe the adsorption process at room temperature. The theoretical maximum adsorption capacities of Cu(II) and MB on sewage sludge-based activated carbon were 114.94 mg/g and 125 mg/g, respectively. Compared with commercial carbon, the sewage sludge-based carbon was more suitable for heavy metal ions’ removal than dyes’.

scholarly journals Synthesis of Silica Gel Supported Amidoxime Ligand for Adsorption of Copper and Iron from Aqueous Media

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (12) ◽  
pp. 3035-3040
Author(s):  
Sazmal Effendi Arshad ◽  
Zarina Amin ◽  
Perng Yang Puah ◽  
Mohd Sani Sarjadi ◽  
Baba Musta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metal Ions ◽  
Silica Gel ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Aqueous Media ◽  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Multilayer Adsorption ◽  
Metal Ion Adsorption ◽  
High Metal ◽  
Kinetics Of

Organic-inorganic hybrid polymers have been demonstrated to be an efficient technique for the adsorption of pollutants present in water. Silica gel adsorbent has been applied in this field due to promising characters, such as thermally stable, reusability and high metal ion adsorption capacities. Here, silica gel supported acrylonitrile functional group (silica-APTS-DPN) was reacted with hydroxylamine to yield silica gel supported amidoxime ligand (SBA). All the functionalized silica gel adsorbents were characterized by FTIR. In terms of metal ions adsorption, SBA revealed good absorption capacities towards both copper (Cu2+) (172 mg g-1) and iron (Fe3+) (168 mg g-1) ions at pH 6 and followed the order of Cu2+ > Fe3+. Increased pH condition was beneficial for both metal ions adsorption. The adsorption kinetics of both ions followed the pseudo-first-order model within 0-60 min of adsorption time. Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models were both applied to study the adsorption behaviour, Freundlich isotherm model (R2 > 0.99) proved to be a better fit, which propose that multilayer adsorption occurred on the silica gel grafted with amidoxime ligand. Finally, this study proved that the silica gel supported amidoxime ligand was successfully applied as an absorbent for the removal of both copper and iron from aqueous media.

Adsorption of 2,4,6-trichlorophenol on bentonite modified with benzyldimethyltetradecylammonium chloride

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chem Int
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Organic Pollutant ◽  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
Solution Concentration ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Pseudo Second Order

The objective of this study is to evaluate the performance and capacities of the bentonite of Maghnia, modified with benzyldimethyltetradecylammonium chloride, to remove the organic pollutant 2,4,6-Trichlorophenol (TCP). The modified sample was studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD) technique, infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) methods. The best removal rate (99.52%) was obtained at 19°C, pH 4, solution concentration of 50 mg/L, stirring speed of 180 rpm and contact time of 60 min. The results were well fitted by both Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models and the pseudo-second-order is the best model to describe the process.

scholarly journals Chromium(III) Removal from Wastewater by Chitosan Flakes

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1925 ◽  
Author(s):  
Loris Pietrelli ◽  
Iolanda Francolini ◽  
Antonella Piozzi ◽  
Maria Sighicelli ◽  
Ilaria Silvestro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metal Ions ◽  
Environmental Remediation ◽  
Ethylenediaminetetraacetic Acid ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Preliminary Investigation ◽  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Ion Competition ◽  
Batch Tests

Chitosan is very effective in removing metal ions through their adsorption. A preliminary investigation of the adsorption of chromium(III) by chitosan was carried out by means of batch tests as a function of contact time, pH, ion competition, and initial chromium(III) concentration. The rate of adsorption was rather rapid (t1/2 < 18 min) and influenced by the presence of other metal ions. The obtained data were tested using the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models and, based on R2 values, the former appeared better applicable than the latter. Chitosan was found to have an excellent loading capacity for chromium(III), namely 138.0 mg Cr per g of chitosan at pH = 3.8, but metal ions adsorption was strongly influenced by the pH. About 76% of the recovered chromium was then removed simply by washing the used chitosan with 0.1 M EDTA (Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid) solution. This study demonstrates that chitosan has the potential to become an effective and low-cost agent for wastewater treatment (e.g., tannery waste) and in situ environmental remediation.

Study of the kinetics and the adsorption isotherm of cadmium(II) from aqueous solution using green algae (Ulva lactuca) biomass

2015 ◽  
Vol 72 (9) ◽  
pp. 1505-1515 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Asnaoui ◽  
A. Laaziri ◽  
M. Khalis
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Metal Ions ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Ulva Lactuca ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Algae Biomass ◽  
Pseudo Second Order

Batch experiments were conducted to study the adsorption of hazardous cadmium onto low-cost algae biomass in aqueous solution with respect to concentration of adsorbate, adsorbent dosage, contact time, solution pH and temperature. Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption models were applied to describe the equilibrium isotherms and the isotherm constants were determined. The activation energy of adsorption was also evaluated for the adsorption of cadmium onto Ulva lactuca biomass. Experimental data were tested in terms of biosorption kinetics using pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order kinetic models. The results showed that the biosorption processes of Cd(II) followed well pseudo-second-order kinetics. Langmuir and Freundlich models were applied to describe the biosorption isotherm of the metal ions by Ulva lactuca biomass. Langmuir model fitted the equilibrium data better than the Freundlich isotherm. The biosorption capacity of Ulva lactuca biomass for cadmium was found to be 3.02 mg/g at pH 5.60 min equilibrium time and 20 °C. The mean free energy which was calculated was 6.24 kJ/mol for Cd(II) biosorption, which shows that the adsorption is physical. The calculated thermodynamic parameters (ΔG0, ΔH0 and ΔS0) showed that the biosorption of Cd(II) onto Ulva lactuca biomass was feasible, spontaneous and exothermic under examined conditions. The results indicate that algae Ulva lactuca could be employed as a low-cost material for the removal of metal ions from aqueous solution.

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