scholarly journals ASSESSMENT OF SEVERITY OF ULCERATIVE COLITIS ON FIRST COLONOSCOPIC EXAMINATION

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 (Suppl-1) ◽  
pp. S175-79
Author(s):  
Rabia Tariq ◽  
Anum Abbas ◽  
Ehtesham Haider ◽  
Usama Bin Zubair ◽  
Farrukh Saeed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Study Design ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Military Hospital ◽  
Individual Risk ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Colonoscopic Examination ◽  
Mayo Score ◽  
Endoscopic Assessment ◽  
Age Range

Objective: To assess the severity of ulcerative colitis on first colonoscopic examination. Study Design: Prospective cross-sectional (correlational) study design. Place and Duration of Study: Study was conducted in Gastroenterology Outpatient Department of Pak Emirates Military Hospital, Rawalpindi, from Nov 2017 to Oct 2018. Methodology: An aggregate of 200 patients within the age range of 12-70 years, were included in the studythrough non-probability consecutive sampling. The data was collected by the self-administered questionnaireincluding age, gender, stool frequency, P/R bleed, systemic features of ulcerative colitis & colonoscopic findings.Effectiveness of the procedures was noted on a pre-designed performa and the endoscopic assessment was based upon mayo score severity of colitis graded from Normal (0) to Severe (3). Data was analyzed by using SPSS-19. Results: The mean age of the participants was reported 38 ± 2.1 years. Out of 200 participants 104 (52%) weremale, diarrhea with PR bleed was positive in 180 (90%) & anemia in 154 (77%). Colonoscopic findings showedthat 72 (36%) were with Left sided colitis (Montreal Class E2) & 82 (41%) with proctitis (Montreal class E1). Severe disease (Mayo endoscopic Score 3) was positive in 118 (59%) patients. Conclusion: Assessment of severity of UC is important as it determines the long term management & alsovaluable for risk stratification to predict the prognosis. Our findings feature the requirement for system levelenhancements to encourage the proper delivery of colonoscopy services dependent on individual risk. Keywords:  , , , .

scholarly journals Socio-demographic and Clinical Characteristics of Patients with Ulcerative Colitis at a Tertiary Care Centre in Nepal

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 26-29
Author(s):  
Rahul Pathak ◽  
Tshering Wangdi Sherpa ◽  
Anurag Jha ◽  
Rabin Hamal ◽  
Sabin Thapallya
Keyword(s):  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Common Symptom ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Colonoscopic Examination

Introduction: The prevalence of ulcerative colitis (UC) has gradually increased in Asia over the last few decades. However, there is a paucity of data regarding UC in Nepal. This study analyzed the socio-demographic and clinical characteristics of patients hospitalized with UC. Methods: This is a hospital based, cross-sectional study. Data was collected among 100 individuals admitted to the hospital with UC from June 2016 to May 2018. A descriptive analysis of the demographic and clinical characteristics was done. Results: Of the 100 patients 51 were male (M:F ratio 1.04:1). Average age at diagnosis was 38}12.53 years. 55% of the patients were Brahmins, 16% Kshetris, 8% Newars, 1% Muslim while the remaining 20% belonged to other indigenous ethnic groups. 79% of the patients were newly diagnosed cases while remaining 21% were admitted for acute flares of the disease. Rectal bleeding (85%) was the most common symptom followed by diarrhea (70%), tenesmus (63%), urgency (61%), pain abdomen (44%), weight loss (14%), fever (7%) and constipation (4%). Clinically, 41% had mild, 46% had moderate and 12% had severe disease activity. Extra intestinal manifestations were seen only in 12% of the patients. On colonoscopic examination, 41% had proctitis, 46% had left sided colitis and 13% had extensive colitis. Conclusion: Our study showed some differences in the demographic variables as well as clinical manifestations in the patients when compared to data from the west and even other Asian countries like India and China. Larger population-based studies are needed to better understand the epidemiology and characteristics of the disease in Nepal.  

scholarly journals Full, partial and modified permutations of the Mayo Score: Characterizing clinical and patient-reported outcomes in ulcerative colitis patients

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
April N Naegeli ◽  
Theresa Hunter ◽  
Yan Dong ◽  
Ben Hoskin ◽  
Chloe Middleton-Dalby ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Patient Reported Outcomes ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Assessment Scores ◽  
Mayo Score ◽  
Patient Reported ◽  
Practice Trials ◽  
Highly Correlated

Abstract Background Understanding ulcerative colitis (UC) disease activity assessed via the full, modified or partial Mayo Score may help clinicians apply results from clinical trials to practice and facilitate interpretation of recent and older studies. Methods Mayo Score variables were assessed in a cross-sectional study of 2608 UC patients. Results Permutations of Mayo Scores were highly correlated, and models predicting the omitted variable from each permutation demonstrated significant agreement between predicted and observed values. Conclusions Partial/modified Mayo Scores may be used to predict endoscopic and Physician's Global Assessment scores, and serve as proxies for the full Mayo Score in clinical practice/trials.

scholarly journals P225 Using a standardised reporting proforma is associated with improved endoscopic assessment in UC

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S255-S255
Author(s):  
R KADER ◽  
P Middleton ◽  
O Ahmad ◽  
R Dart ◽  
J McGuire ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Disease Activity ◽  
Site Factors ◽  
Multi Centre Study ◽  
Gi Endoscopy ◽  
Mayo Score ◽  
Chi Squared ◽  
Index Of Severity ◽  
Level Of Training ◽  
Endoscopic Assessment

Abstract Background Repeated endoscopic assessments are an essential part of ulcerative colitis (UC) disease management and current guidelines recommend the use of an endoscopic activity score, either the endoscopic Mayo score or Ulcerative Colitis Endoscopic Index of Severity (UCEIS) as treatment targets. These indices have prognostic value, with endoscopic healing associated with favourable short- and long-term outcomes. This multi-centre study aimed to assess the frequency of using endoscopic disease activity scores in UC patients undergoing lower GI endoscopy. Methods Lower GI endoscopy reports from patients with UC were retrospectively reviewed from 7 sites in London between April and October 2018. Endoscopy reports were assessed based on the BRIDGe endoscopic reporting criteria including the use of Mayo or UCEIS score. The comparison was made between site factors (specialist IBD centres/non-specialist centres, use of reporting proforma), endoscopist speciality (gastroenterology, surgery or nurse endoscopist), level of training (consultant, registrar or nurse endoscopist) and interest in IBD. Chi-squared was used to compare groups. Results 899 lower GI endoscopy reports were reviewed. Mayo or UCEIS was used in 51% of cases (453/899). The use of endoscopic scores were significantly higher in gastroenterologists than in surgeons and nurse endoscopists respectively (401/762 (53%) vs. 22/54 (41%) vs. 30/83 (36%)), and higher in registrar trainees than consultants and nurse endoscopists (175/251 (70%) vs. 248/565 (44%) vs. 30/83 (36%)) and in those with a specialist interest in IBD compared with those without (237/409 (58%) vs. 216/490 (44%), p < 0.0001). The use of endoscopic scores was more frequent in specialist IBD centres than in non-specialist centres (417/728 (58%) vs. 36/172 (21%), p < 0.001). One centre used a reporting proforma which was associated with a significantly higher frequency of score use compared with centres without a proforma (202/260 (78%) vs. 251/639 (39%), p < 0.0001). Conclusion Reporting of endoscopic disease activity using a standardised scoring system occurs in only half of cases from this large multi-centre cohort. Frequency of use is higher in specialist IBD centres and when performed by gastroenterology specialists. Endoscopy reports from a site that used a standardised reporting proforma were significantly more likely to include an endoscopic index as well as a range of other reporting items. This suggests, at least in part, that endoscopy reporting may be optimised by the introduction of a proforma. Integration of a standardised proforma into reporting software would target all endoscopists performing UC endoscopies regardless of speciality, site or IBD interest.

scholarly journals DOP15 Clinical relevance of endoscopic peri-appendiceal red patch in Ulcerative Colitis patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S054-S054
Author(s):  
M Reijntjes ◽  
L Heuthorst ◽  
K Gecse ◽  
A Mookhoek ◽  
W Bemelman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Clinical Importance ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Disease Course ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mayo Score ◽  
Disease Characteristics ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Appendiceal Inflammation

Abstract Background Recently, increasing evidence is suggesting appendectomy as an alternative treatment approach for ulcerative colitis (UC), especially in case of pathological inflammation of the appendix. Therefore, pre-operative identification of appendiceal inflammation could be of clinical importance to predict efficacy of therapeutic appendectomy. This study assessed the incidence of peri-appendiceal red patch (PARP) on colonoscopy, with the aim to correlate PARP to patient and disease characteristics. In addition, the prognostic relevance of PARP on course of disease, and more specifically, histopathological findings of inflammation in resection specimens of the appendix were assessed, to analyze if PARP could potentially be used to identify patients eligible for appendectomy. Methods All consecutive patients with UC undergoing colonoscopy in 2014 or 2015 were included to determine the incidence of PARP in a cross-sectional study. Findings were correlated to patient and disease characteristics, upscaling of treatment during disease course and colectomy rates. Degree of inflammation of the appendix in case of subsequent appendectomy/colectomy was determined and results were compared between patients with and without PARP. Histological inflammation was scored by an independent pathologist using the Robarts histopathology index (RHI). Results In total, 249 patients with an eligible endoscopy report were included. The incidence of PARP was 17.7% (44/249). Patients with PARP were significantly younger and had a shorter disease course. PARP patients with active disease had proctitis more frequently, although not significant (29.4% vs 11.4%, p= 0.19). Out of 44 PARP patients, 27 (61.4%) were found in colonoscopies showing endoscopic Mayo score 0 or 1. Patients with PARP required significantly more upscaling of medical therapy (81.8% vs 58.0%, p= 0.03), and during the median follow up of 71 months the PARP patient group underwent colectomy more frequently (13.6% vs 4.9%, p=0.04). Eighteen appendices were available for histological analysis, of which 8 showed a PARP pre-operatively. Patients with PARP had a higher median Robarts Histology Index (RHI) score compared to patients without a PARP (13.5 vs 6.5 p< 0.01). Conclusion PARP was predominantly found in UC patients with younger age and shorter disease duration and were demonstrated to have a more severe course of UC. Patients with PARP had a higher histopathological inflammation score. Since pathological inflammation of the appendix has been associated with improved efficacy of therapeutic appendectomy, it could be attractive to analyze if the presence of PARP might help in selecting patients more likely to respond to therapeutic appendectomy.

scholarly journals TEKANAN TEMAN SEBAYA TERHADAP PERILAKU BERISIKO MAHASISWA

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nur Evira Anggrainy ◽  
Sri Seprianto Maddusa
Keyword(s):  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Study Design ◽  
Risky Behavior ◽  
Peer Pressure ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Research Subjects ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Thrill Seeking ◽  
Age Range

ABSTRACKThis study aims to determine the effect of peer pressure on risky behavior conducted by students. There are four types of risky behavior, namely thrill-seeking, rebellious, reckless, and anti-social, and this research wants to know the dominant risky behavior carried out by students. This research is a quantitative study with a cross-sectional study design. The research subjects were 103 undergraduate students from the Faculty of Tarbiyah and Teacher Training, the State Islamic Institute (IAIN) Manado, totaling 103 subjects (N = 103) who had the criteria that they were still active students and were in their late teens, namely the age range 18-21 years. The results of this study prove that there is a significant positive effect on peer pressure of risky behavior conducted by students and also explain that the dominant risky behavior carried out by students is anti-social.Keywords: Peer Pressure, Risky Behavior ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh tekanan teman sebaya terhadap perilaku berisiko yang dilakukan oleh mahasiswa. Perilaku berisiko tersebut terdiri dari empat jenis yaitu thrill-seeking, rebellious, reckless, dan anti-social. Selain itu, ingin pula diketahui perilaku berisiko yang dominan dilakukan oleh mahasiswa. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif  dengan desain penelitian cross-sectional study design. Subjek penelitian adalah mahasiswa Strata 1 dari Fakultas Tarbiyah dan Ilmu Keguruan Institut Agama Islam Negeri (IAIN) Manado berjumlah 103 subjek (N = 103) yang memiliki kriteria yaitu masih berstatus mahasiswa aktif dan berada pada usia remaja akhir yaitu rentang usia 18 – 21 tahun. Hasil penelitian ini membuktikan bahwa terdapat pengaruh positif yang signifikan pada tekanan teman sebaya terhadap perilaku berisiko mahasiswa. Hasil penelitian ini juga menjelaskan bahwa perilaku berisiko yang dominan dilakukan oleh mahasiswa yaitu anti-social.Kata Kunci: Tekanan Teman Sebaya, Perilaku Berisiko

Colectomy Incidence Rates in Five-Year Data From the Observational Postmarketing Ulcerative Colitis Study of Originator Infliximab

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julián Panés ◽  
James O Lindsay ◽  
Niels Teich ◽  
Stefan Lindgren ◽  
Jean-Frédéric Colombel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Proportional Hazards ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Mayo Score ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards Models ◽  
Group A

Abstract Background This analysis of the Observational Postmarketing Ulcerative Colitis Study examined incidence rates of colectomy in patients with ulcerative colitis who received originator infliximab (IFX) or conventional therapies (ConvRx) as per their treating physician. Methods Cox proportional hazards models compared time to colectomy for both treatment groups. A secondary analysis examined colectomy incidence rates based on IFX exposure timing (defined by a 90-day window after the last IFX dose date). Results Of 2239 patients with data, 1059 enrolled in IFX and 1180 enrolled in ConvRx (including 296 patients who switched to IFX). Patients in the IFX group had more severe disease at baseline vs the ConvRx group (percentage with baseline partial Mayo score 7-9: 46.0% vs 30.5%, respectively). During 5 years of follow-up, 271 patients (12.1% of enrolled patients) had colectomy. Enrollment in the IFX group was associated with a higher risk of colectomy (hazard ratio = 3.12; 95% confidence interval, 2.25-4.34; P < 0.001) compared with enrollment in the ConvRx group. A total of 174 colectomies occurred in the IFX group, but 97 of these colectomies occurred ≥90 days after the last IFX dose date. Conclusions Colectomy was reported at a higher rate in the IFX group than in the ConvRx group, although patients in the IFX group had more severe disease at baseline and most of the colectomies occurred after patients had been off of IFX for ≥90 days.

scholarly journals THE CORRELATION OF SYMPTOMS AND OBJECTIVE WHEEZE IN ASTHMATICS

2020 ◽  
Vol 70 (6) ◽  
pp. 1843-46
Author(s):  
Abdul Latif Khattak ◽  
Muhammad Khalid Azam Khan ◽  
Shazia Naz ◽  
Nauman Kashif ◽  
Syed Karamat Hussain Shah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chest Pain ◽  
Study Design ◽  
Clinical Examination ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Military Hospital ◽  
Shortness Of Breath ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medicine Department ◽  
Lung Functions

Objective: To determine the correlation between symptoms and objective wheeze in asthmatics. Study Design: A cross sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: Medicine department, Combined Military Hospital Lahore, from Jul to Dec 2019. Methodology: Two hundred patients of asthma were selected reporting in Medicine department, CMH Lahore.Patients were interviewed regarding their primary chest symptom and it was correlated with the clinical examination for wheeze to find which particular symptom correlated most with the presence of wheeze. The 130 symptomatic cases were subjected to spirometry to assess their lung functions tests. Results: Two hundreds patients of asthma were interviewed of whom 130 patients were symptomatic. Out of 130 patients, 59 (45.3%) complained of difficulty in breathing, 40 (30.7%) complained of shortness of breath, 20 (15.3%) had wheezing, 7 (5.3%) had cough and 4 (3%) had chest pain. Eighty five (65.3%) patients when examined had wheeze. The distribution of objective wheezing in the above cases were 100% for wheezing patient, 66.1% for Difficulty in breathing, 57.5% for shortness of breath 28.5% for cough and 25% for chest pain. The FEV1/FVC ratio was lowest for wheezing patients at 0.55 and highest for cough at 0.70. Conclusion: Difficulty in breathing was the commonest symptom in symptomatic asthmatics being presentin 66.1% of patients. The symptom which correlated best with the presence of wheeze was wheezy chest anddifficulty in breathing and was also associated with lowest FEV1/FVC ratio.

Five-year Safety Data From OPUS, a European Observational Safety Registry for Adults With Ulcerative Colitis Treated With Originator Infliximab [Remicade®] or Conventional Therapy

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 1148-1157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julián Panés ◽  
James O Lindsay ◽  
Niels Teich ◽  
Stefan Lindgren ◽  
Jean-Frédéric Colombel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Conventional Therapy ◽  
Therapy Group ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Safety Data ◽  
Autoimmune Disorder ◽  
Available N ◽  
Mayo Score ◽  
Serious Infection ◽  
Conventional Therapy Group

Abstract Background and Aims The Observational Postmarketing Ulcerative colitis Study [OPUS] was conducted to obtain the first long-term [5 years] safety data assessing treatment with originator infliximab versus conventional therapies in patients with ulcerative colitis [UC] in real-world clinical practice. Methods The OPUS registry was a prospective, non-randomised, observational study that measured adverse events in nine prespecified categories of interest in UC patients whose treatment with either originator infliximab or conventional therapy [defined as initiation or dose-increase of corticosteroids and/or immunosuppressants] was determined by their treating physician. Results Data for 2239 patients were available: N = 1180 enrolled to conventional therapy [including N = 296 who switched to originator infliximab during follow-up] and N = 1059 enrolled to originator infliximab. Patients in the originator infliximab group, compared with the conventional therapy group, had more severe disease at baseline, based on partial Mayo score [PMS]: 46.0% of patients in the originator infliximab group had severe disease (PMS of 7–9 [out of 9]), compared with 30.5% in the conventional therapy group. In adjusted time-to-event analyses, enrolment into the originator infliximab group was associated with a higher risk of serious infection (hazard ratio = 1.98 [95% confidence interval: 1.34, 2.91; p <0.001]) compared with enrolment into the conventional therapy group. No notable risk differences between groups were identified for haematological disorder, autoimmune disorder, malignancy/lymphoproliferative disorder, hepatobiliary disorder or fatality. Conclusions UC patients treated with infliximab had higher risk for serious infection, compared with conventional therapies. No new safety concerns were observed with originator infliximab in the OPUS registry. [ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT00705484.]

scholarly journals P180 Association between serum and tissue protein profiles in patients with active inflammatory bowel disease: the ASCERTAIN study

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S228-S229
Author(s):  
T Stevens ◽  
M Wildenberg ◽  
M Koželj ◽  
G Novak ◽  
K Gecse ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Serum Proteins ◽  
Anal Verge ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Elastic Net ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mayo Score ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

Abstract Background To facilitate personalised treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), biomarkers for disease entity and disease severity in easily accessible samples are required. Therefore, we aimed to (i) identify proteins that discriminate Crohn’s disease (CD) from ulcerative colitis (UC), (ii) assess the association of proteomic profiles with disease severity and (iii) assess the potential to use serum samples as a proxy for intestinal biopsies. Methods In this prospective cross-sectional study, IBD patients with active endoscopic disease (presence of ≥1 ulcer (CD) or Mayo score ≥1 (UC)) and age matched non IBD controls (normal endoscopy) were included. In IBD, biopsies were taken from inflamed tissue; in CD from the edge of an ulcer and in UC and controls between 20 and 25 cm from the anal verge. Disease severity was dichotomised in mild vs. severe defined as SES CD &lt;10 vs. ≥11 in CD and Mayo endoscopy score 1/2 vs. 3 in UC. Ninety-two inflammatory proteins were measured in biopsies and serum using a proximity extension assay (OLINK). The elastic net algorithm was used to select proteins associated with disease severity. Multiplicity adjustments were done using the Benjamini–Hochberg approach. Results Forty-one CD, 39 UC and 10 controls were included. Median SES-CD score [IQR] was 9 [7–16] in CD. In UC, 20 (51.3%), 15 (38.5%) and 4 (10.3%) patients had an endoscopic Mayo score of 3, 2 and 1, respectively. Three proteins differed significantly between UC and CD in tissue (IL-17A, IL13 and CCL4). However, this was not reflected in serum levels of these molecules. For prediction of disease severity in CD, elastic net regression identified a set of 11 serum proteins that discriminated mild from severe disease (accuracy 0.667). Top five proteins were IFNγ (OR 3.03), CCL23 (OR 1.28), Cystatin D (OR 0.61), TNF (OR 1.28) and HGF (OR 1.17) (Figure 1). In tissue, no discriminatory profile was identified. Conversely, in serum of UC, no proteins were selected, while a set of three tissue proteins was associated with disease severity (accuracy 0.725). These proteins were osteoprotegerin (OPG) (OR 1.66), IL8 (OR 1.09) and CCL25 (OR 0.97). The discrepancy between serum and tissue was further supported by correlation analyses. Of all 92 proteins, only three showed significant correlation between tissue and serum: IL17A (r = 0.44), TGF-α (r = 0.42) and IL6 (r = 0.39). Conclusion Proteomic profiles between tissue and serum in active IBD correlated poorly. Only in CD, serum markers differentiated mild from severe disease. In UC, no proteins in serum were selected whereas in tissue, expression of OPG, IL-8 and CCL25 was associated with disease severity. These data again emphasise the difference between CD and UC on a molecular level.

scholarly journals MOTIVATIONAL FACTORS AND USER AWARENESS IN PATIENTS USING SKIN LIGHTENING CREAMS REPORTING TO DERMATOLOGY OUT PATIENT DEPARTMENT IN COMBINED MILITARY HOSPITAL RAWALPINDI

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 (6) ◽  
pp. 1925-29
Author(s):  
Sakina Sadiq Malik ◽  
Asher Ahmed Mashhood ◽  
Moizza Tahir ◽  
Irfan Jamil Minhas ◽  
Sunniya Sadiq
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Motivational Factors ◽  
Military Hospital ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Validated Questionnaire ◽  
Type 3 ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Skin Lightening

Objective: To check the motivational factors behind the usage of skin lightening creams and users’ awareness in our setup by constructing a validated questionnaire. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: Outpatient Department of Dermatology, Combined Military Hospital Rawalpindi, from Oct to Nov 2020. Methodology: Two fifty patients who were using skin-lightening creams (SLC) were recruited after the informed consent. Questionnaire was made following seven steps as mentioned in AMEE (Association for Medical Education Europe) guide 87. Data was analyzed by SPSS version 21. Reliability was be checked by Cronbach@. Descriptive statistics of responses including frequencies and percentages were calculated. Exploratory factor analysis of questionnaire was made. Results: Skin lightening cream users had age range from 16-56 years, majority 190 (76%) were females. Out of 158 (63.2%) were married, 180 (72%) well educated and 146 (58.4%) had Fitzpatrick skin type 3-5 predominate. Cronbach alpha of our questionnaire was 0.802. The 5-point likert scale was used to record users’ perceptions in the domains i.e., motivational factors, awareness about product and intentions. Majority, 89 (35.6%) used the product on social media recommendation. Out of 201 (80.4%) developed side effects with telangiectasia and skin thinning being the commonest ones. Out of 88 (35.2%) were using other skin whitening practices besides these creams. Conclusion: False perceptions about fairness and lack of user’s awareness govern the skin lightening practices in our society resulting in increased usage and side effects experienced by users. A mass educational awareness program regarding “skin lightening.........

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