scholarly journals Suplementación de vitamina D en embarazadas y en mujeres con patologías ginecológicas

2021 ◽  
Vol 81 (04) ◽  
pp. 377-389
Author(s):  
Jorly Mejía-Montilla ◽  
◽  
Eduardo Reyna-Villasmil ◽  
María Albán-Andrade ◽  
Mariela Meza-Lozada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Bone Mineralization ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Vitro Fertilization ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy ◽  
Reproductive Processes

Apart from the well-known effects of vitamin D in maintaining calcium homeostasis and promoting bone mineralization, there is evidence to suggest that it modulates reproductive processes. About 70% adults have vitamin D deficiencies and there is a gap between recommended dietary intakes and deficient supply in general population. Observational studies show that vitamin D deficiency is a risk marker for reducing fertility and resulting adverse pregnancy. Evidence suggests that it could have beneficial effects on metabolic, hormonal and cellular parameters of polycystic ovarian syndrome, uterine myomatosis and endometriosis, while it seems to be associated with improvements in outcome of in vitro fertilization. The objective of this review was to evaluate the data of current literature on the role of vitamin D supplementation in pregnant women and in women with gynecological pathologies. Keywords: Vitamin D, Supplementation, Pregnancy, Endometriosis, Uterine myomatosis, Infertility.

scholarly journals Prevention and Management of Gestational Diabetes Using Vitamin D Supplementation: An Overview and Appraisal of Clinical Trials

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (22) ◽  
pp. 8141
Author(s):  
Aya Mousa
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Current State ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy ◽  
Intervention Trials ◽  
Randomised Controlled ◽  
Reproductive Processes

A number of studies have examined the role of vitamin D in reproductive processes and disorders of pregnancy such as gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Although observational studies have linked maternal vitamin D deficiency with a plethora of adverse pregnancy outcomes including GDM, intervention trials generally do not support the use of vitamin D supplementation for GDM prevention or management. This narrative review provides an up-to-date overview and critical appraisal of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) to describe the current state of knowledge regarding the efficacy of vitamin D supplementation for preventing and/or managing GDM. Overall, although RCT data indicates a potential benefit of vitamin D in maternal glycaemic control, results are highly disparate and the data published to date have not conclusively established the efficacy of vitamin D in GDM prevention. There are, however, several limitations within the existing literature, including some considerable challenges that are unique to vitamin D trials, which should be carefully considered in the interpretation of the evidence and design of future studies. For now, many unanswered questions remain, and there is still a need for adequately powered and well-designed trials before routine supplementation can be recommended in the context of GDM.

The scattered puzzle effect: implantation disorders in chronic endometritis

GYNECOLOGY ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 93-100
Author(s):  
Victor E. Radzinsky ◽  
Mekan R. Orazov ◽  
Liliia R. Toktar ◽  
Liudmila M. Mihaleva ◽  
Pavel A. Semenov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Uterine Cavity ◽  
Special Role ◽  
Inadequate Response ◽  
Chronic Endometritis ◽  
Vitro Fertilization ◽  
Endometrial Cells ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy ◽  
Relationship Of

Chronic endometritis (CE) is defined as a state of inflammation localized in the endometrium, accompanied by edema, dissociated maturation of epithelial cells and fibroblasts, increased stromal density and the presence of plasma cell infiltrate in it. The connection between chronic inflammation in the endometrium and infertility deserves special attention. Inadequate response of immunocompetent endometrial cells, including impaired synthesis of proinflammatory cytokines, dysreceptiveness, disorders of proliferation and differentiation processes are the main links in the formation of infertility in patients with CE. Despite the fact that the presence of a normocenosis of the uterine cavity today is not in doubt this is a physiological norm, persistent bacterial infection of the endometrium is still called the main etiopathogenetic factor of CE and, therefore, the main point of application of therapeutic agents. Nevertheless, a number of works have emphasized the special role of not bacterial, but viral etiology of endometritis, especially in the context of infertility developing against this background. It seems that the role of viral endometrial infection in adverse pregnancy outcomes and in vitro fertilization programs is underestimated. Further research is needed to clarify the relationship of viral infection as a trigger of implantation failure in infertile women with CE.

scholarly journals Role of Vitamin D Status in Diabetic Patients with Renal Disease

Medicina ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 55 (6) ◽  
pp. 273 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guido Gembillo ◽  
Valeria Cernaro ◽  
Antonino Salvo ◽  
Rossella Siligato ◽  
Alfredo Laudani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
The United States ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Western World ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Major Public Health Problem

Diabetes mellitus (DM) poses a major public health problem worldwide, with ever-increasing incidence and prevalence in recent years. The Institute for Alternative Futures (IAF) expects that the total number of people with type 1 and type 2 DM in the United States will increase by 54%, from 19,629,000 to 54,913,000 people, between 2015 and 2030. Diabetic Nephropathy (DN) affects about one-third of patients with DM and currently ranks as the first cause of end-stage kidney disease in the Western world. The complexity of interactions of Vitamin D is directly related with progressive long-term changes implicated in the worsening of renal function. These changes result in a dysregulation of the vitamin D-dependent pathways. Various studies demonstrated a pivotal role of Vitamin D supplementation in regression of albuminuria and glomerulosclerosis, contrasting the increase of glomerular basement membrane thickening and podocyte effacement, with better renal and cardiovascular outcomes. The homeostasis and regulation of the nephron’s function are absolutely dependent from the cross-talk between endothelium and podocytes. Even if growing evidence proves that vitamin D may have antiproteinuric, anti-inflammatory and renoprotective effects in patients with DN, it is still worth investigating these aspects with both more in vitro studies and randomized controlled trials in larger patient series and with adequate follow-up to confirm the effects of long-term vitamin D analogue supplementation in DN and to evaluate the effectiveness of this therapy and the appropriate dosage.

scholarly journals PCOS and Assisted Reproduction Technique: Role and Relevance of Inositols

Endocrines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 515-522
Author(s):  
Paolo Giovanni Artini ◽  
Elisa Malacarne ◽  
Vito Cela
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Function ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Obese Women ◽  
Assisted Reproduction Technique ◽  
Positive Role ◽  
Vitro Fertilization ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Insulin Sensitizers

Polycystic ovary syndrome is an endocrine disorder often characterized by insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia, especially in overweight/obese women. Among insulin sensitizers, the positive role of inositols has been increasingly established in recent years. The action of inositols not only concerns the metabolic parameters of these patients, but also the hormonal profile, resulting in beneficial effects on ovarian function. For this reason, many studies have tried to recognize their role in PCOS infertile women who underwent in vitro fertilization (IVF) procedures.

The role of vitamin D in the body

2019 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-60
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Grafka ◽  
Maciej Łopucki ◽  
Jarosław Kuna ◽  
Anna Kuna ◽  
Barbara Pęksa
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Immune Response ◽  
Adrenal Glands ◽  
Bone Mineralization ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
The Body ◽  
Endocrine Function ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Pituitary Glands

Vitamin D performs a lot of important functions in the body, and its deficiency is just as harmful as the excess. From its precious properties, we draw primarily in the summer while staying in the sun, while in other seasons you should take care of a appropriate diet and implement vitamin D supplementation. The proper level of vitamin D in the human body results in proper bone mineralization, regulates the endocrine function of the pancreas, adrenal glands, thyroid gland and pituitary glands. It acts as an anti-proliferative factor of some tumor such as melanoma, breast, prostate, colon, and increases differentiation and inhibits apoptosis of keratinocytes, fibroblasts and skin melanocytes. It has an influence on the proper functioning of many systems and regulates the immune response.

Role of Vitamin D in Autism Spectrum Disorder

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (41) ◽  
pp. 4357-4367 ◽  
Author(s):  
Loai Alzghoul
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Vitamin D Levels

: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a pervasive developmental disorder with heterogeneous etiology. Vitamin D can function as a fat-soluble vitamin as well as a hormone, and can exert its effect through both genomic and non-genomic mechanisms. In the last decades, several studies have examined the relationship between vitamin D levels and ASD. These studies demonstrated that low vitamin D status in early development has been hypothesized as an environmental risk factor for ASD. Both in vivo and in vitro studies have demonstrated that vitamin D deficiency in early life can alter brain development, dysregulates neurotransmitter balance in the brain, decreases body and brain antioxidant ability, and alters the immune system in ways that resemble pathological features commonly seen in ASD. In this review, we focused on the association between vitamin D and ASD. In addition, the above-mentioned mechanisms of action that link vitamin D deficiency with ASD were also discussed. Finally, clinical trials of vitamin D supplementation treatment of ASD have also been discussed.

scholarly journals 25-vitamin D reduces inflammation in uremic environment

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Barbosa de Oliveira Brito ◽  
Jacqueline Ferritto Rebello ◽  
Caren Cristina Grabulosa ◽  
Walter Pinto ◽  
Armando Morales ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Cell Culture Supernatant ◽  
Inflammatory Factor ◽  
Toll Like Receptor 4 ◽  
Serum Pool ◽  
Uremic Serum ◽  
Tnf Α

AbstractChronic kidney disease (CKD) is characterized by loss of renal function and a consequent increase of serum uremic toxins, which contribute to inflammation status. Deficiency of 25-vitamin D, often found in patients with CKD, has been included as an inflammatory factor since it might modulate the immune system. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of 25-vitamin D on inflammatory pathways in healthy and uremic environment. Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), oxidative stress (ROS), vitamin D receptor (VDR), 1-α hydroxylase (CYP27), 24 hydroxylase, cathelicidin, and MCP-1 were evaluated in monocytes exposed to a uremic serum pool compared with healthy pool. The human monocytes lineage (U937) was incubated with or without 25-vitamin D (50 ng/ml for 24 hours). TRL4, VDR, CYP27, CYP24, and ROS were evaluated by flow cytometry. We used ELISA to measure IL-6, TNF-α, IL-10, cathelicidin, and MCP-1 in the cell culture supernatant. We observed a higher expression of TRL-4, IL-6, TNF-α, IL-10, cathelicidin and MCP-1 in monocytes incubated with uremic serum when compared with serum from healthy individuals. Supplementation of 25-vitamin D was able to reduce the expression of TRL4, cathelicidin, and MCP-1 in the uremic environment. There was no difference in the expression of VDR, CYP27 and CYP24 intracellular enzymes. This in vitro study showed that the uremic pool activates inflammatory response in monocytes, which was reversed by 25-vitamin D supplementation; this finding suggests that 25-vitamin D has an anti-inflammatory role in the uremic environment.

scholarly journals Vitamin D supplementation on anemia markers and the impact on PTH in patients with chronic kidney disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. e53310917752
Author(s):  
Letícya Thaís Mendes Viana ◽  
Larissa Lages Rodrigues ◽  
Jurandy do Nascimento Silva ◽  
Maria Márcia Dantas de Sousa ◽  
Fhanuel Silva Andrade ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Search And Selection ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Anemia Of Inflammation ◽  
Selection Of

Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is an injury that causes progressive impairment of exocrine and endocrine renal functions. A very common complication is anemia, caused by reduced erythropoietin production, iron deficiency and inflammation. Evidence demonstrates that vitamin D has effects on anemia of inflammation, through the increase in erythrocytes and decrease in pro-inflammatory cytokines. This study aims to review the effects of vitamin D supplementation on 25(OH)D2 concentrations, on anemia markers and on PTH levels. This is an integrative review carried out through the search and selection of original publications, in english and portuguese, indexed in PubMed, Web of Science and Science Direct databases belonging to the 2010-2020 range. The results pointed to 25(OH)D2 concentrations compatible with normality after vitamin D supplementation. In five studies, there was no change in hemoglobin and PTH levels, and in four studies there was a reduction in the dose of EPO or erythroid stimulating agent, attributing such effect on the role of calcitriol as a substrate for bone marrow erythropoietic cells. The study concluded that vitamin D supplementation had beneficial effects for correction of 25(OH)D2 deficiency, however, it reinforces the controversy about the behavior of vitamin D on the improvement of anemia markers and PTH levels in patients with DRC. Therefore, it is suggested that the beneficial effect of vitamin D on anemia in renal patients may be independent of PTH suppression.

Evidence of a possible therapeutic role of vitamin D in a cohort of adult Caucasian vitiligo patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 90 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 200-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberta Colucci ◽  
Rossana Conti ◽  
Federica Dragoni ◽  
Allegra Cammi ◽  
Luisella Cianferotti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Significant Positive Association ◽  
Vitamin D Levels ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Sufficient Vitamin

Abstract. Reduced serum 25(OH)D levels have been largely reported in vitiligo, which is an autoimmune skin disorder characterized by the appearance of achromic macules. Since vitamin D can positively modulate immune function and stimulate melanogenesis in vitro, a possible role of sufficient vitamin D levels in promoting the stability of the disease and repigmentation process might be hypothesized in vitiligo. Hence, we conducted an observational study on medical records related to 101 vitiligo patients, in order to correlate baseline 25(OH)D levels with the baseline vitiligo activity and repigmentation of vitiligo macules on a 6-month follow-up. According to our results, at baseline we found that active vitiligo was significantly associated with 25(OH)D deficiency (≤20 ng/mL) (P = 0.036) or insufficiency (21–29 ng/mL) (P = 0.041), while stable disease was significantly associated with sufficient 25(OH)D levels (30–100 ng/mL) (P = 0.043). After 6 months, vitiligo patients with sufficient 25(OH)D levels (30–100 ng/mL) achieved a significantly higher degree of repigmentation. In conclusion, our study provides a novel evidence of a significant positive association of sufficient 25(OH)D levels with the stability of the disease and a satisfactory repigmentation process in Caucasian adult vitiligo patients and strengthen the need to assess vitamin D status in vitiligo. The correlation between sufficient vitamin D levels and a satisfactory course of the disease opens the way for future randomized controlled trials assessing a possible beneficial role of vitamin D supplementation on vitiligo.

scholarly journals The Role of Vitamin D in Fertility and during Pregnancy and Lactation: A Review of Clinical Data

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (10) ◽  
pp. 2241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Pilz ◽  
Armin Zittermann ◽  
Rima Obeid ◽  
Andreas Hahn ◽  
Pawel Pludowski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Clinical Data ◽  
Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Pregnancy And Lactation ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy ◽  
Meta Analyses

Vitamin D deficiency is common and there exists a huge gap between recommended dietary vitamin D intakes and the poor vitamin D supply in the general population. While vitamin D is important for musculoskeletal health, there are accumulating data suggesting that vitamin D may also be important for fertility, pregnancy outcomes and lactation. Significant changes in vitamin D metabolism during pregnancy such as increased production of the “active vitamin D hormone” calcitriol support the important role of vitamin D in this setting. Observational studies show that vitamin D deficiency is a risk marker for reduced fertility and various adverse pregnancy outcomes and is associated with a low vitamin D content of breast milk. Meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) document that physiological vitamin D supplementation during pregnancy is safe and improves vitamin D and calcium status, thereby protecting skeletal health. Although certain RCTs and/or meta-analyses reported some other beneficial effects, it is still not clear whether vitamin D supplementation improves fertility or decreases the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes such as low birth weight, pre-eclampsia and neonatal mortality, or reduces wheeze/asthma in the infants. Nevertheless, vitamin D supplementation in pregnant women is frequently required to achieve a sufficient vitamin D status as recommended by nutritional vitamin D guidelines. In this review, we provide an overview of systematic reviews, meta-analyses and large trials reporting clinical data on the role of vitamin D for fertility, pregnancy and lactation.

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