Evaluation of preventive homeopathic treatment against Colibacillosis in swine production

Escherichia coli is the most important etiologic agent implied in neonatal diarrhea in swine; colibacillosis is the disease with highest impact in production of swine. The demands of consumers for meat without chemical residues and the ban on the use of antibiotics and chemotherapics in production of swine compelled to find alternative therapeutic and preventive treatments. Aims: to assess homeopathic treatment as preventive against colibacillosis in swine. Methods: the study was conducted in a farm in Mato Grosso, Brazil; stools of 4 piglets with diarrhea were collected to establish the presence of E. coli; concomitantly it was performed a clinical exam to identify the symptoms leading to the choice of a homeopathy remedy. Newborn piglets were divided into 4 groups (n= 11 or 12): 1) control, subjected to antibiotic treatment against diarrhea; 2) homeopathic treatment, performed with Phosphorus 30cH according to the symptoms collected; 3) biotherapic treatment, performed with Escherichia coli 30cH prepared from the locally obtained bacteria; 4) homeopathic + biotherapics treatment. Results: all 3 groups treated with homeopathy/isotherapy presented a significant reduction of diarrhea compared to the control group (p=0.02); the group treated with Phosphorus 30cH + Escherichia coli 30cH presented the highest weight gain which was significant by comparison to all other groups (p=0.001). Conclusion: homeopathic and biotherapics treatment were more effective than antibiotics in the control of diarrhea in newborn piglets; combination of homeopathic and isopathic treatment resulted in the highest weight gain. These results suggest that homeopathy and isopathy are effective alternatives for the treatment of diarrhea by E. coli in newborn swine.

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Pilot study of preventive homeopathic treatment for colibacillosis in a swine farm in the State of São Paulo, Brazil

International Journal of High Dilution Research - ISSN 1982-6206 ◽

10.51910/ijhdr.v11i40.592 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (40) ◽

pp. 159-160

Author(s):

CidÃƒÆ’Ã‚Â©li de Paula Coelho ◽

Francisco Rafael Soto ◽

Erlete Rosalina Vuaden ◽

Priscilla Anne Melville ◽

Leoni Villano Bonamin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Clinical Manifestations ◽

Clinical Information ◽

Control Group ◽

Swine Production ◽

E Coli ◽

Homeopathic Medicine ◽

Chemical Residues ◽

Stool Samples ◽

Important Disease

Diarrhea has become an economically important disease in pigs due to intensive management system which has been used. Escherichia coli is the most important etiological agent of neonatal and post weaning diarrhea in swine colibacillosis and the greater impact of the disease in pigs. The demand of consumers seeking meat without chemical residues and the prohibition of the use of antibiotics and chemotherapeutics in swine production has led to seek an alternative medicine for preventive and therapeutic treatments in swine breeding. This study was carried out in a commercial farm in SÃƒÆ’Ã‚Â£o Paulo state. Stool samples were collected from five piglets presenting diarrhea and examined for the presence of Escherichia coli. Concomitantly, a detailed interview was done with the owner, about all clinical information useful to choose the best homeopathic medicine, using repertory method. Subsequently, four groups were formed consisting of 11-12 piglets each: a control group (antimicrobial used in the farm routine for treatment of diarrhea), a group treated with the chosen homeopathic medicine - China officinalis 30 CH - a group treated with E. coli biotherapic 30 CH (medicine made from E. coli strains collected and isolated from the same farm) and a group treated with both homeopathic and biotherapic E. coli medicines. There was no statistical difference in the number of animals presenting diarrhea among groups, but China treated pigs showed greater weight gain compared to the other three groups (Fisher test, p = 0.0001), despite the incidence of diarrhea. In conclusion, this preliminary study suggests that the use of repertory chosen homeopathic medicines could improve productivity in swine farms even though clinical manifestations of diarrhea occur.

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Protective Effect of Curcumin on Carbapenem-Resistant Escherichia coli–Induced Lung Injury in Rats

International Surgery ◽

10.9738/intsurg-d-15-00256.1 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 101 (7-8) ◽

pp. 304-312 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Cagla Bali ◽

Nejat Altintas ◽

Ozlem Ozmete ◽

Ibrahim Gelincik ◽

Hakan Yabanoglu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Lung Injury ◽

Intraperitoneal Injection ◽

Negative Control Group ◽

Positive Control ◽

Negative Control ◽

Positive Control Group ◽

Control Group ◽

E Coli ◽

Carbapenem Resistant

Curcumin has remarkable anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effects of curcumin on a rat model of carbapenem-resistant Escherichia coli–induced acute lung injury (ALI). Thirty-two rats were randomly allocated to 4 groups to induce an ALI: negative control group (rats not infected with E coli with no antibiotic treatment), positive control group (rats infected with E coli with no antibiotic treatment), imipenem group (rats infected with E coli that received intraperitoneal injection of imipenem), and the imipenem+curcumin group (rats infected with E coli that received intraperitoneal injection of imipenem and were fed on curcumin).The rats were killed, and lung tissues samples were harvested for biochemical analyses and histopathologic examination. Total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS), tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα), and interleukin-6 (IL6) were measured. TOS increased in the positive control group (P < 0.001) and decreased in the imipenem and imipenem+curcumin groups (P < 0.001 and P < 0.001, respectively). TAS decreased in the positive control group (P = 0.005). Imipenem treatment did not increase TAS, but the imipenem+curcumin group increased TAS (P = 0.014). TNFα and IL6 increased in the positive control group compared with the negative control group (P < 0.001 and P = 0.010, respectively). Imipenem decreased TNFα (P < 0.001), but did not decrease IL6 (P = 0.418). Imipenem+curcumin decreased TNFα (P < 0.001); this decrease was more pronounced compared with the imipenem group (P = 0.008). IL6 decreased in the curcumin group compared with the positive control group (P = 0.011). Curcumin combined with imipenem can be an alternative therapeutic agent to overcome the resistance of E coli strains.

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Trueperella pyogenes and Escherichia coli as an etiological factor of endometritis in cows and the susceptibility of these bacteria to selected antibiotics

Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences ◽

10.2478/pjvs-2014-0096 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 17 (4) ◽

pp. 657-664 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

P. Brodzki ◽

M. Bochniarz ◽

A. Brodzki ◽

Z. Wrona ◽

W. Wawron

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Clavulanic Acid ◽

Postpartum Period ◽

Control Group ◽

Inflammatory Condition ◽

Bacterial Isolates ◽

Inflammatory Lesions ◽

E Coli ◽

Susceptibility Tests ◽

Experimental Group

AbstractThe aim of this study was to determine the percentage of participation of particular species of microorganisms, isolated from the uterus of cows with endometritis and from cows without inflammatory lesions of the uterus, in the same postpartum period. The aim of the study was also to examine how long after parturition non-treated endometritis persists. Moreover, antibiotic susceptibility tests were carried out of the bacterial isolates dominating in the uterus. Forty cows were included in the study: 20 cows with endometritis (experimental group) and 20 cows without any inflammatory condition of the uterus (control group). The material for cytological and bacteriological tests was collected on the 5th, 26th, 40thand 60thday after parturition, using an intrauterine brush adapted for cows. The total number of collected isolates was 149, including 120 isolates from the uterus of cows with endometritis and 29 isolates from the uterus of cows without endometritis. The following species of microorganisms were isolated from the material collected from cows with endometritis: T. pyogenes (49.2%), E.coli (22.5%), F. necrophorum (11.7%), Staphylococcus sp. (6.7%), B. melaninogenicus (5.8%), and Streptococcus sp. (4.1%). The participation percentage of particular species of bacteria in the material collected from the uterus of cows without endometritis was as follows: T. pyogenes (27.6%), E.coli (24.2%), Staphylococcus sp. (20.7%), Streptococcus sp. (20.7%), B. melaninogenicus (3.4%) and F. necrophorum (3.4%). The highest percentage of T. pyogenes isolates was susceptible to ceftiofur (89.6%); cefoperazone (85.1%) and amoxicillin combined with clavulanic acid (79.1%). E. coli isolates were most susceptible to amoxicillin combined with clavulanic acid (100%), cefoperazone (94.1%) and oxytetracycline (82.3%).

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Impact of Probiotic on the Number of Lactic Acid Rods Forming Hydrogen Peroxide Isolated From Porkers and on Changes in Drug Resistance of Selected Escherichia Coli Isolates

Bulletin of the Veterinary Institute in Pulawy ◽

10.2478/v10213-012-0004-6 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 56 (1) ◽

pp. 21-25 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Marek Selwet ◽

Mariola Galbas ◽

Piotr Dullin

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Hydrogen Peroxide ◽

Drug Resistance ◽

Lactic Acid ◽

Control Group ◽

Large White ◽

E Coli ◽

Probiotic Preparation ◽

Hydrogen Oxide

Abstract The presented investigations were conducted on a group of 60 porkers of crossbreed Polish Landrace x Large White Polish. The animals were divided into two equal experimental groups. The control group (K) was fed diets without supplementation with probiotics, group (P) - diets with the addition of probiotic (0.2 kg t-1 feed). The aim of the study was to determine the effect of probiotic preparation on total numberof lactic acid rods from the Lactobacillus genus and those forming hydrogen oxide. The second part of experiment concerned the influence of probiotic preparation on the number, haemolytic ability and changes in drug resistance of Escherichia coli isolated from animal faeces. The significantly highest number of Lactobacillus sp. were determined in the saliva of porkers fed diets with the addition of probiotic, while the lowest in the control group. Lactobacillus sp. rods capable of forming hydrogen peroxide were isolated from 17 animals in group K and from three animals in group P. E. coli was determined in each examined sample of faeces. In groups K and P, counts of these bacteria were similar and did not differ statistically. High numbers of haemolytic isolates (haemolysis β) were found in faeces of animals fed diets with the addition of probiotic. Number and proportions of resistant isolates in groups K and P were different. Gentamicin was characterised by exceptionally high in vitro effectiveness. The used probiotic increased drug resistance of E. coli and increased frequency of incidence of haemolysis β.

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Reduction of Escherichia coli O157:H7 Populations in Cattle by Addition of Colicin E7-Producing E. coli to Feed

Applied and Environmental Microbiology ◽

10.1128/aem.70.10.6053-6060.2004 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 70 (10) ◽

pp. 6053-6060 ◽

Cited By ~ 66

Author(s):

Gerry P. Schamberger ◽

Ronald L. Phillips ◽

Jennifer L. Jacobs ◽

Francisco Diez-Gonzalez

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Statistical Significance ◽

Control Group ◽

Control Groups ◽

Tissue Samples ◽

Fecal Shedding ◽

E Coli ◽

Colicin E7 ◽

Maximum Decrease ◽

And Control

ABSTRACT A cattle trial using artificially inoculated calves was conducted to determine the effect of the addition of colicinogenic Escherichia coli strains capable of producing colicin E7 (a 61-kDa DNase) to feed on the fecal shedding of serotype O157:H7. The experiment was divided into three periods. In period 1, which lasted 24 days, six calves were used as controls, and eight calves received 107 CFU of E. coli (a mixture of eight colicinogenic E. coli strains) per g of feed. Both groups were orally inoculated with nalidixic acid-resistant E. coli O157:H7 strains 7 days after the treatment started. In periods 2 and 3, the treatment and control groups were switched, and the colicinogenic E. coli dose was increased 10-fold. During period 3, which lasted as long as period 1, both groups were reinoculated with E. coli O157:H7. The numbers of E. coli O157:H7 were consistently greater in the control groups during the three periods, but comparisons within each time period determined a statistically significant (P < 0.05) difference only at day 21 of period 1. However, when the daily average counts were compared between the period 1 control group and the period 3 treatment group that included the same six animals, an overall reduction of 1.1 log10 CFU/g was observed, with a maximum decrease of 1.8 log10 CFU/g at day 21 (overall statistical significance, P = 0.001). Serotype O157:H7 was detected in 44% of the treatment group's intestinal tissue samples and in 64% of those from the control group (P < 0.04). These results indicated that the daily addition of 108 CFU of colicin E7-producing E. coli per gram of feed could reduce the fecal shedding of serotype O157:H7.

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Use of a Nonmedicated Dietary Supplement Correlates with Increased Prevalence of Streptomycin-Sulfa-Tetracycline-Resistant Escherichia coli on a Dairy Farm

Applied and Environmental Microbiology ◽

10.1128/aem.02584-05 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 72 (7) ◽

pp. 4583-4588 ◽

Cited By ~ 44

Author(s):

Artashes R. Khachatryan ◽

Thomas E. Besser ◽

Dale D. Hancock ◽

Douglas R. Call

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Dietary Supplement ◽

Dairy Farm ◽

Washington State ◽

Growth Characteristics ◽

Control Group ◽

Antibiotic Resistant ◽

E Coli ◽

Dry Milk ◽

Cell Densities

ABSTRACT We examined how a dietary supplement affects the prevalence of antibiotic-resistant Escherichia coli on a dairy farm in Washington State. Between 2001 and 2004 the prevalence of fecal E. coli strains resistant to streptomycin, sulfadiazine, and tetracycline (SSuT strains) declined from 59.2% to 26.1% in the calf population. In 2003 the dairy discontinued use of a dietary supplement, and we hypothesized that the decline in prevalence of SSuT strains was related to this change in management. To test this we established three treatments in which calves received no supplement, the dietary supplement with oxytetracycline, or the dietary supplement without oxytetracycline. Calves receiving either dietary supplement had a significantly higher prevalence of SSuT E. coli than the no-supplement control group (≈37% versus 20%, respectively; P = 0.03). Importantly, there was no evidence that oxytetracycline contributed to an increased prevalence of fecal SSuT E. coli. We compared the growth characteristics of SSuT and non-SSuT E. coli in LB broth enriched with either the complete dietary supplement or its individual constituents. Both the complete dietary supplement and its vitamin D component supported a significantly higher cell density of SSuT strains (P = 0.003 and P = 0.001, respectively). The dry milk and vitamin A components of the dietary supplement did not support different cell densities. These results were consistent with selection and maintenance of SSuT E. coli due to environmental components independent of antibiotic selection.

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Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus Reduces the Pathogenicity of Escherichia coli in Chickens

Frontiers in Microbiology ◽

10.3389/fmicb.2021.664604 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Mengjiao Guo ◽

Congyue Zhang ◽

Chengcheng Zhang ◽

Xiaorong Zhang ◽

Yantao Wu

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Disease Resistance ◽

Epithelial Cells ◽

Growth Performance ◽

Intestinal Epithelial Cells ◽

Intestinal Flora ◽

Daily Weight Gain ◽

Control Group ◽

Intestinal Epithelial ◽

E Coli

Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus is a recognized probiotic that is widely used in scientific research and clinical applications. This study found that the Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) strain can reduce the adhesion of Escherichia coli (E. coli) to primary chicken intestinal epithelial cells by 75.7% and inhibit 41.7% of the E. coli that adhere to intestinal epithelial cells. Additionally, LGG showed strong inhibitory ability on the growth of E. coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella Paratyphi B, and Salmonella Enteritidis in vitro. Furthermore, the influence of LGG on the growth performance, intestinal flora, immunity, and disease resistance of chickens was explored. Chickens fed with LGG exhibited increased average daily weight gain and concentrations of sIgA, IgG, and IgM than did controls. After 21 days of feeding, a diet with LGG increased the diversity of intestinal microbiota and maintained intestinal health. Moreover, LGG promoted immunologic barriers by upregulating cytokines and chemokines via the Toll-like receptor. The major pro-inflammatory factors, including Myd88, NF-κB, Il6, and Il8, were upregulated compared to controls. After being challenged with E. coli, the survival rate of chickens fed with LGG was significantly higher than those in the control group, and decreased numbers of E. coli were detected in the heart and lungs of the LGG group. In summary, oral administration of LGG to chickens could improve growth performance, maintain intestinal homeostasis, and enhance innate immune response and disease resistance.

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Mus musculus (Linnaeus, 1758) Immune Responses Caused by Escherichia coli (Migula, 1895) Infection

KnE Life Sciences ◽

10.18502/kls.v3i4.716 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 3 (4) ◽

pp. 285

Author(s):

Zuni Mitasari ◽

Abdul Gofur ◽

Dwi Listyorini

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Tract Infection ◽

Immune Responses ◽

Mus Musculus ◽

Positive Control ◽

Negative Control ◽

Control Group ◽

Spleen Weight ◽

E Coli ◽

Carl Linnaeus

Escherichia coli (<a title="Walter Migula" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Walter_Migula">Migula</a>, 1895) is a negative gram bacteria which have an ability to cause some deseases, such as meningitis, urinary tract infection and digestive tract infection. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in its cell wall induces immune responses in many ways. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of E. coli infection on lymphocyte numbers and spleen weight in mice [Mus musculus (Linnaeus, 1758)]. Twenty five male mice were grouped into negative control, positive control group treated with PBS, and three experimental groups injected intraperitonially with E. coli 1.5 × 103 cfu/mL,1.5 × 105 cfu/mL or 1.5 × 107 cfu/mL respectively. About 5 d after the injection, the spleen were collected. Spleen were weighed using digital balance, number of lymphocyte were counted using hemocytometer. E. coli infection significantly increase both weight of the spleen and number lymphocyte. In conclusion, mice responded to E. coli infection by increasing the number of its lymphocyte.<div> Keywords: Escerechia coli (<a title="Walter Migula" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Walter_Migula">Migula</a>, 1895); immune respone; infection; Mus musculus (<a title="Carl Linnaeus" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carl_Linnaeus">Linnaeus</a>, <a title="10th edition of Systema Naturae" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/10th_edition_of_Systema_Naturae">1758</a>).</div>

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Differences in systemic humoral immune response among Balb/c mice administered with probiotic, LPS Escherichia coli, and probiotic-LPS E. coli

Iranian Journal of Microbiology ◽

10.18502/ijm.v11i4.1466 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Kurniawan Taufiq Kadafi ◽

Satrio Wibowo

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Immune Response ◽

Humoral Immune Response ◽

Control Group ◽

E Coli ◽

Humoral Immune ◽

Treatment Regimens ◽

Humoral Immune Responses ◽

Group 4 ◽

Group 2

Background and Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare the systemic humoral immune responses, including IgE, IgA, IgG and IgM levels in Balb/c mice administered a probiotic, LPS derived from Escherichia coli (E.coli), and probiot- ic-LPS derived from E. coli. Materials and Methods: Thirty-two male Balb/c mice, 10-12 weeks of age with body weight ranging from 30-40 g were randomly divided into four experimental groups (n=8). The treatment regimens were as follows: Group 1, mice did not receive LPS or probiotic (control group); Group 2, mice received only LPS on the first day; Group 3, mice received probi- otic for 7 days; Group 4, mice received LPS on the first day, and then continued, with probiotic for 7 days. The mice were observed for 8 days, and then, euthanized the next day (day 9). The serum was collected, and the levels of IgE, IgA, IgG and IgM were measured using ELISA. Results: The humoral immune response was higher in the presence of a probiotic compared to that in the control; IgE (9.02 ± 0.58 units/ml, p=0.000), IgA (3.26 ± 0.99 units/ml, p=0.316), IgG (7.29 ± 0.24 units/ml, p=0.000), and IgM (4.01 ± 2.98 units/ml, p=0.505). When administered with LPS E. coli along with probiotic, the humoral immune response was the highest; IgE (10.68 ± 1.63 units/ml, p=0.000), IgA (8.34 ± 1.47 units/ml, p=0.000), IgG (9.96 ± 0.98 units/ml, p=0.000), and IgM (4.31 ± 1.05 units/ml, p=0.319) compared to the control group. Conclusion: Probiotic-LPS derived from E. coli treatment induced a higher humoral immune response (highest IgE, IgA, IgG and IgM levels) compared to treatment with probiotic only.

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Interleukin gene expression in broiler chickens infected by different Escherichia coli serotypes

Veterinary World ◽

10.14202/vetworld.2021.2727-2734 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 2727-2734

Author(s):

Reham Elnagar ◽

Rasha Elkenany ◽

Gamal Younis

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Escherichia Coli ◽

Broiler Chickens ◽

Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽

Clinical Signs ◽

Negative Control Group ◽

Negative Control ◽

Control Group ◽

E Coli ◽

High Prevalence

Background and Aim: Escherichia coli is the cause of avian colibacillosis, a significant threat to the poultry industry and public health. Thus, this study investigated the prevalence of E. coli in diseased chicken broilers, pathological effects of these bacteria, and interleukin (IL) gene expression of different serotypes of E. coli (O78, O26, O44, and O55) on experimentally infected chickens. Materials and Methods: A total of 295 organ samples (liver, lungs, heart, and spleen) from 59 diseased broiler chickens were used for conventional identification of E. coli. Chickens were orally infected with one of the following E. coli serotypes (O78, O26, O44, or O55) and examined for clinical signs, mortality, macroscopic and microscopic lesions, and IL gene expression using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Results: E. coli was isolated from 53.2% of broiler chicken organs with a high prevalence in lungs (26.1%). The most prevalent serotypes were O78, O26, O44, O55, O157, and O127 prevalence of 27.8, 22.2, 16.7, 16.7, 5.6, and 5.6%, respectively. In the experimental design, five groups (G1-G5) of birds were established. G1 served as the negative control group, while G2-G5 were challenged orally with E. coli O78, O26, O55, or O44, respectively. Chickens infected with E. coli O78 or O26 showed significant clinical signs in comparison to the other infected birds. Mortality (13.3%) was only observed in birds infected with E. coli O78. Necropsy of dead birds after E. coli O78 infection showed pericarditis, enteritis, airsacculitis, and liver and lung congestion. More severe histopathological changes were observed in intestines, spleen, liver, and lung from chickens infected with either E. coli O78 or O26 than for birds infected with other serotypes. On the 2nd day post-infection, E. coli challenge, particularly with E. coli O78, displayed significantly upregulated levels of ileal IL-6 and IL-8, but ileal IL-10 level tended to be downregulated in comparison to the control group. Conclusion: This study assessed the application of cytokines as therapeutic agents against infectious diseases, particularly colibacillosis.

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