scholarly journals Pilot study of preventive homeopathic treatment for colibacillosis in a swine farm in the State of São Paulo, Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (40) ◽  
pp. 159-160
Author(s):  
Cidéli de Paula Coelho ◽  
Francisco Rafael Soto ◽  
Erlete Rosalina Vuaden ◽  
Priscilla Anne Melville ◽  
Leoni Villano Bonamin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Clinical Information ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Swine Production ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Homeopathic Medicine ◽  
Chemical Residues ◽  
Stool Samples ◽  
Important Disease

Diarrhea has become an economically important disease in pigs due to intensive management system which has been used. Escherichia coli is the most important etiological agent of neonatal and post weaning diarrhea in swine colibacillosis and the greater impact of the disease in pigs. The demand of consumers seeking meat without chemical residues and the prohibition of the use of antibiotics and chemotherapeutics in swine production has led to seek an alternative medicine for preventive and therapeutic treatments in swine breeding. This study was carried out in a commercial farm in São Paulo state. Stool samples were collected from five piglets presenting diarrhea and examined for the presence of Escherichia coli. Concomitantly, a detailed interview was done with the owner, about all clinical information useful to choose the best homeopathic medicine, using repertory method. Subsequently, four groups were formed consisting of 11-12 piglets each: a control group (antimicrobial used in the farm routine for treatment of diarrhea), a group treated with the chosen homeopathic medicine - China officinalis 30 CH - a group treated with E. coli biotherapic 30 CH (medicine made from E. coli strains collected and isolated from the same farm) and a group treated with both homeopathic and biotherapic E. coli medicines. There was no statistical difference in the number of animals presenting diarrhea among groups, but China treated pigs showed greater weight gain compared to the other three groups (Fisher test, p = 0.0001), despite the incidence of diarrhea. In conclusion, this preliminary study suggests that the use of repertory chosen homeopathic medicines could improve productivity in swine farms even though clinical manifestations of diarrhea occur.

scholarly journals Evaluation of preventive homeopathic treatment against Colibacillosis in swine production

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (29) ◽  
pp. 183-190
Author(s):  
Cideli de Paula Coelho ◽  
Francisco Rafael Martins Soto ◽  
Erlete Rosalina Vuaden ◽  
Priscilla Anne Melville ◽  
Flávia Carolina Souza Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Etiologic Agent ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Swine Production ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Homeopathic Treatment ◽  
Newborn Piglets ◽  
Highest Weight

Escherichia coli is the most important etiologic agent implied in neonatal diarrhea in swine; colibacillosis is the disease with highest impact in production of swine. The demands of consumers for meat without chemical residues and the ban on the use of antibiotics and chemotherapics in production of swine compelled to find alternative therapeutic and preventive treatments. Aims: to assess homeopathic treatment as preventive against colibacillosis in swine. Methods: the study was conducted in a farm in Mato Grosso, Brazil; stools of 4 piglets with diarrhea were collected to establish the presence of E. coli; concomitantly it was performed a clinical exam to identify the symptoms leading to the choice of a homeopathy remedy. Newborn piglets were divided into 4 groups (n= 11 or 12): 1) control, subjected to antibiotic treatment against diarrhea; 2) homeopathic treatment, performed with Phosphorus 30cH according to the symptoms collected; 3) biotherapic treatment, performed with Escherichia coli 30cH prepared from the locally obtained bacteria; 4) homeopathic + biotherapics treatment. Results: all 3 groups treated with homeopathy/isotherapy presented a significant reduction of diarrhea compared to the control group (p=0.02); the group treated with Phosphorus 30cH + Escherichia coli 30cH presented the highest weight gain which was significant by comparison to all other groups (p=0.001). Conclusion: homeopathic and biotherapics treatment were more effective than antibiotics in the control of diarrhea in newborn piglets; combination of homeopathic and isopathic treatment resulted in the highest weight gain. These results suggest that homeopathy and isopathy are effective alternatives for the treatment of diarrhea by E. coli in newborn swine.

Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli Infections in Germany†

1997 ◽  
Vol 60 (11) ◽  
pp. 1454-1457 ◽  
Author(s):  
HELGE KARCH ◽  
HANS-IKO HUPPERTZ ◽  
JOCHEN BOCKEMÜHL ◽  
HERBERT SCHMIDT ◽  
ANDREAS SCHWARZKOPF ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Shiga Toxin ◽  
Virulence Genes ◽  
Blot Hybridization ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Microbiological Analysis ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Shiga Toxin 2 ◽  
Stool Samples ◽  
A Prospective Study

A prospective study was carried out in collaboration with two children's hospitals in Würzburg, Germany to assess the incidence and clinical manifestations of infections due to Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) in children. Between 1991 and 1995, stool samples from 2788 children with enteritis were investigated for the occurrence of STEC. STEC cultures from stools were screened using PCR with primers complementary to Shiga toxin 1(Stx1) and Shiga toxin 2 (Stx2) genes. PCR-positive samples were further subjected to colony blot hybridization and probe positive colonies were serotyped and analyzed for the presence of virulence genes. There was an increase in the incidence of STEC infections from 0.4% in 1991 to 2.8% in 1994. In 1995 the number of infections remained nearly unchanged (2.5%). Infection with STEC was associated with painful nonbloody diarrhea in most patients. Among the 35 patients in this study with stools containing STEC, only 9 (25.7%) had O157 colonies of which 3 (8.6%) were O157:H7 and 6 (17.1%) were sorbitol-fermenting O157:H−. In an additional study in 1994/l995, STEC etiology in 88 patients with HUS from Germany was confirmed in our laboratories by culture of STEC from stools, and in 20 additional HUS cases by serological analysis. Of the strains from stools of HUS patients, 78% belonged to serogroup O157. The most frequently isolated non-O157 serogroups were O26 and O111. These results demonstrate that when analyzing stools of patients with bloody diarrhea, HUS, or painful nonbloody diarrhea, the occurrence of non-O157:H7 strains should be considered when classical microbiological analysis fails to yield a standard enteric pathogen, such as Campylobacter. E. coli O157:H7, Salmonella. Shigella, or Yersinia.

scholarly journals CAPSULE PRODUCTION PATTERN OF UROPATHOGENIC ESCHERICHIA COLI OF URINARY TRACT INFECTION PATIENTS IN KIRKUK HOSPITALS

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (35) ◽  
pp. 621-627
Author(s):  
May Ali Hussien UMRAN ◽  
Sumaya Najim AL-KHATEEB
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Uropathogenic Escherichia Coli ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Intestinal Pathogens ◽  
Production Pattern ◽  
Living Organisms

The bacterium Escherichia coli is one of the best free-living organisms studied in depth. It is a surprisingly diverse species, since some strains of E. coli live in the intestine of animals as harmless commensals, while other distinct genotypes, such as an enteropathogenic or enterohemorrhagic E. coli, for example, cause morbidity and death marked as human intestinal pathogens. The purpose of this study was to develop and validate a PCR assay for a known and suspected uropathogenic E. coli virulence factor (kpsMT) gene region to determine the distribution of the gene and its role in the development of clinical diseases of the urinary system. A total of 25 urine samples were collected from patients with urinary tract infection (UTI) at Azadi and Kirkuk hospitals in the city of Kirkuk, Iraq. Samples of both genders and different ages were collected from patients with suspected urinary tract infection according to the clinical manifestations and symptoms diagnosed by the examining physician. The samples were cultured and positive samples were subjected to the IMViC test to identify E. coli bacteria and subsequently identified using the Vitek 2 compact system. Among 25 samples, 24 (96%) showed positive results for bacterial cultural growth. Of these, 17 (68%) were identified as Escherichia coli. Of the total of 17 isolates, 14 from patients with mild urinary tract infection, and 3 from patients with Urosepsis. The kpsMT gene was present in 14 isolates (82.3%), including 11 (78.5%) isolates from patients with mild urinary tract infection, and 3 (100%) isolates from patients with Urosepsis. It was concluded that Escherichia coli is the most prevalent in urine tract infection samples. Due to the abundance of the kpsMT gene in uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC), this gene plays an important role in developing UTI if it is not treated correctly and quickly; mild cases of UTI can turn into Urosepsis.

Prevalence, seasonality and severity of disease caused by pathogenic Escherichia coli in children with diarrhoea in Bolivia

2013 ◽  
Vol 62 (11) ◽  
pp. 1697-1706 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucia Gonzales ◽  
Enrique Joffre ◽  
Rosario Rivera ◽  
Åsa Sjöling ◽  
Ann-Mari Svennerholm ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Severe Diarrhoea ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Severity Of Disease ◽  
Positive Stool ◽  
Pathogenic Escherichia Coli ◽  
Stool Samples

The prevalence of infection caused by different categories of diarrhoeagenic E. coli (DEC) strains, including enteroaggregative (EAEC), enteropathogenic (EPEC), enterotoxigenic (ETEC), enteroinvasive (EIEC) and enterohaemorrhagic (EHEC) E. coli, in children who suffered from diarrhoea (n = 3943) or did not have diarrhoea (n = 1026) were analysed in two areas in Bolivia over a period of 4 years. We also analysed the seasonality of DEC infections and severity of diarrhoea in children with DEC infection and compared antibiotic resistance in DEC strains isolated from children with and without diarrhoea. Stool samples were analysed for the presence of DEC by culturing followed by PCR. The most prevalent DEC categories in samples from the children were: EAEC (11.2 %); ETEC (6.6 %); EPEC (5.8 %); and EIEC and EHEC (<1 %). DEC strains were isolated significantly more often from diarrhoea cases (21.6 %) than from controls (17.6 %; P = 0.002). The number of children with diarrhoea associated with EAEC, EPEC and ETEC infections peaked in the Bolivian winter (April–September), although the proportion of DEC-positive stool samples was higher during the warm rainy season (October–March). High levels of antibiotic resistance were detected among the DEC strains. In particular, resistance to tetracycline and sulfamethoxazole–trimethoprim was significantly higher in strains isolated from individuals with diarrhoea than in samples from controls. The severity of disease in children infected with EAEC, EPEC and ETEC varied from mild to severe diarrhoea, although disease severity did not differ significantly between the different DEC categories. ETEC, EPEC and EAEC are commonly found in Bolivia and may cause severe disease in children.

Detection of Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli in Rotavirus-Infected Ghanaian Children Diagnosed with Acute Gastroenteritis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bartholomew Dzudzor ◽  
Albert Amenyedor ◽  
Vincent Amarh ◽  
George E. Armah
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Enterotoxigenic Escherichia Coli ◽  
Surveillance Study ◽  
Vaccination Program ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Rotavirus Vaccination ◽  
Stool Samples ◽  
Global Health Problem ◽  
Vaccine Surveillance

Diarrhea is a notable global health problem in several developing countries, especially in children. Prior to the introduction of the rotavirus vaccination program in Ghana, a surveillance study was conducted to investigate the prevalence of the disease caused by rotavirus in children. In this report, we re-used archival stool samples from the pre-vaccine surveillance study to provide information on prevalence of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli in Ghanaian children. Re-analysis of the stool samples revealed co-infection of enterotoxigenic E. coli and rotavirus in 2% of the children whose samples were selected for this study. As Ghana is approaching 10 years post-implementation of the rotavirus vaccination program, the preliminary data presented in this report are a vital reference for subsequent studies aimed at ascertaining the effect of the vaccine on both rotavirus and enterotoxigenic E. coli.

scholarly journals 2609. Escherichia coli Clonal Lineages and Virulence Factors Predict Fecal Colonization within Households

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. S907-S907
Author(s):  
Teresa C Fox ◽  
Paul Thuras ◽  
Connie Clabots ◽  
Stephen Porter ◽  
James R Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Clinical Isolate ◽  
Virulence Factors ◽  
Outcome Variable ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Wilcoxon Rank Sum Test ◽  
Colonization Patterns ◽  
Stool Samples ◽  
Colonization Factors ◽  
Colonization Behavior

Abstract Background Extraintestinal Escherichia coli infections are an ever-growing threat, to which specific clonal lineages and virulence factors contribute disproportionately. Despite the gut being the main reservoir for such E. coli strains, relationships between clonal lineages, virulence factors, and fecal colonization patterns are poorly understood. Accordingly, we defined E. coli fecal colonization patterns within households (HHs) and assessed specific lineages and virulence genes (VGs) as predictors of colonization behaviors. Methods Veterans with an E. coli clinical isolate (n = 22: 11 fluoroquinoline [FQ]-resistant, 11 FQ-susceptible) and their HH members provided stool samples on 2–6 occasions each. Stools were screened for total and FQ-resistant E. coli. Distinct E. coli strains were resolved by genomic profiling of 10 colonies/sample. Strains underwent molecular lineage identification, VG detection, and comparison with the veteran’s clinical isolate. Clonal lineages and VGs were assessed (Wilcoxon rank-sum test) as predictors of strains’ (i) predominance within the fecal sample, (ii) persistence across serial fecal samples, (iii) within-HH strain sharing, and (iv) overall within-HH colonization prevalence. Results From the 22 veterans and 46 HH members (27 humans, 19 pets) we recovered 139 unique-by-household fecal E. coli strains. Sixty-four traits were evaluated (16 clonal lineages, 48 VGs). Of these, 44 exhibited n ≥ 5, so could be analyzed statistically. Among these 44 traits, the proportion significantly associated with ≥ 1 outcome variable was 5/6 (83%) for clonal lineages and 18/38 (47%) for VGs. Additionally, fecal strains that matched the veteran’s clinical isolate exhibited significantly greater sharing, persistence, and overall colonization. Conclusion The studied E. coli traits – known for their associations with clinical infections –here were significantly associated with within-HH colonization behavior. These findings support that “virulence factors” may be regarded also (or perhaps best) as “colonization factors,” and “virulent lineages” as “colonizing lineages.” This suggests the possibility that future interventions that disrupt colonization behavior also could prevent E. coli infections. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.

scholarly journals Role of Escherichia coli O157:H7 Virulence Factors in Colonization at the Bovine Terminal Rectal Mucosa

2006 ◽  
Vol 74 (8) ◽  
pp. 4685-4693 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haiqing Sheng ◽  
Ji Youn Lim ◽  
Hannah J. Knecht ◽  
Jie Li ◽  
Carolyn J. Hovde
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Virulence Factors ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Rectal Mucosa ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Healthy Cattle ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
K 12 ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACT The human pathogen Escherichia coli O157:H7 causes hemorrhagic colitis and life-threatening sequelae and transiently colonizes healthy cattle at the terminal rectal mucosa. This study analyzed virulence factors important for the clinical manifestations of human E. coli O157:H7 infection for their contribution to the persistence of E. coli in cattle. The colonizing ability of E. coli O157:H7 was compared with those of nonpathogenic E. coli K-12 and isogenic deletion mutants missing Shiga toxin (Stx), the adhesin intimin, its receptor Tir, hemolysin, or the ∼92-kb pO157. Fully ruminant steers received a single rectal application of one E. coli strain so that effects of mucosal attachment and survival at the terminal rectum could be measured without the impact of bacterial passage through the entire gastrointestinal tract. Colonization was monitored by sensitive recto-anal junction mucosal swab culture. Nonpathogenic E. coli K-12 did not colonize as well as E. coli O157:H7 at the bovine terminal rectal mucosa. The E. coli O157:H7 best able to persist had intimin, Tir, and the pO157. Strains missing even one of these factors were recovered in lower numbers and were cleared faster than the wild type. In contrast, E. coli O157:H7 strains that were missing Stx or hemolysin colonized like the wild type. For these three strains, the number of bacteria increased between days 1 and 4 postapplication and then decreased slowly. In contrast, the numbers of noncolonizing strains (K-12, Δtir, and Δeae) decreased from the day of application. These patterns consistently predicted long-term colonization or clearance of the bacteria from the bovine terminal rectal mucosa.

scholarly journals Molecular Detection of Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli from Children with Acute Diarrhea in Tertiary Care Hospitals of Dhaka, Bangladesh.

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 59-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sushmita Roy ◽  
SM Shamsuzzaman ◽  
Kazi Z Mamun
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Multiplex Pcr ◽  
Acute Diarrhea ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Pcr Assay ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Diarrheagenic Escherichia Coli ◽  
Multiplex Pcr Assay ◽  
Stool Samples

Objective: Multiplex PCR assay was used for diagnosis of diarrheagenic Escherichia coli (DEC) in stool samples of children (under 5 years) with acute diarrhea.  Methods: Samples were collected from January 2011 to December 2011, from Dhaka Medical College Hospital and Dhaka Shishu Hospital. Multiplex PCR with five specific primer pairs to detect enteropathogenic E. coli (eae, bfp), enterotoxigenic E. coli (lt, st) and enteroaggregative E. coli (aat) were used. However, enteroinvasive E. coli, enterohemorrhagicE. coli and diffusely adhererentE. coli were not sought. Result: In total, 135 (67.5%) E. coli were isolated from 200 stool samples. The prevalence of DEC was 68 (34%). Among DEC, most frequently isolated pathotype was EPEC 40 (58.82%), followed by ETEC 24 (35.29%) and EAggEC 18 (26.47%). Among the EPEC, 5 (12.5%) were typical EPEC. Among the 68 DEC positive cases, 22 samples contained more than one pathogenic gene in various combinations. Among the combination of DEC, EPEC+ETEC combination was 6 (27.27%) followed by ETEC+EAggEC 4 (18.18%), EPEC+EAggEC and ETEC+EPEC+EAggEC were both in 3 (13.6%). Conclusion:This study shows that DEC is a common cause of childhood diarrhea in Dhaka city of Bangladesh. By using multiplex PCR assay, DEC can be diagnosed in one PCR reaction that makes a conclusive diagnosis of diarrhea. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v5i2.8576 Asian Journal of Medical Science, Volume-5(2) 2014: 59-66

Protective Effect of Curcumin on Carbapenem-Resistant Escherichia coli–Induced Lung Injury in Rats

2016 ◽  
Vol 101 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 304-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cagla Bali ◽  
Nejat Altintas ◽  
Ozlem Ozmete ◽  
Ibrahim Gelincik ◽  
Hakan Yabanoglu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Lung Injury ◽  
Intraperitoneal Injection ◽  
Negative Control Group ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Positive Control Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Carbapenem Resistant

Curcumin has remarkable anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effects of curcumin on a rat model of carbapenem-resistant Escherichia coli–induced acute lung injury (ALI). Thirty-two rats were randomly allocated to 4 groups to induce an ALI: negative control group (rats not infected with E coli with no antibiotic treatment), positive control group (rats infected with E coli with no antibiotic treatment), imipenem group (rats infected with E coli that received intraperitoneal injection of imipenem), and the imipenem+curcumin group (rats infected with E coli that received intraperitoneal injection of imipenem and were fed on curcumin).The rats were killed, and lung tissues samples were harvested for biochemical analyses and histopathologic examination. Total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS), tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα), and interleukin-6 (IL6) were measured. TOS increased in the positive control group (P &lt; 0.001) and decreased in the imipenem and imipenem+curcumin groups (P &lt; 0.001 and P &lt; 0.001, respectively). TAS decreased in the positive control group (P = 0.005). Imipenem treatment did not increase TAS, but the imipenem+curcumin group increased TAS (P = 0.014). TNFα and IL6 increased in the positive control group compared with the negative control group (P &lt; 0.001 and P = 0.010, respectively). Imipenem decreased TNFα (P &lt; 0.001), but did not decrease IL6 (P = 0.418). Imipenem+curcumin decreased TNFα (P &lt; 0.001); this decrease was more pronounced compared with the imipenem group (P = 0.008). IL6 decreased in the curcumin group compared with the positive control group (P = 0.011). Curcumin combined with imipenem can be an alternative therapeutic agent to overcome the resistance of E coli strains.

scholarly journals Reactive arthritis and other musculoskeletal symptoms associated with acquisition of diarrhoeagenic Escherichia coli (DEC)

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (5) ◽  
pp. 605-611
Author(s):  
Riitta Tuompo ◽  
Tinja Lääveri ◽  
Timo Hannu ◽  
Sari H Pakkanen ◽  
Juha Kirveskari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Antibiotic Treatment ◽  
Reactive Arthritis ◽  
Musculoskeletal Symptoms ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Stool Samples ◽  
Study Participants

ObjectivesUsing a prospective research design, we evaluated the association between acquisition of diarrhoeagenic Escherichia coli (DEC) and development of reactive arthritis (ReA) and other reactive musculoskeletal (MSK) symptoms among international travellers.MethodsA total of 526 study participants were asked to provide pretravel and post-travel stool samples and fill in questionnaires (pretravel, post-travel and 3-week follow-up). A multiplex quantitative PCR assay was deployed to detect five DEC comprising enteroaggregative E. coli, enteropathogenic E. coli, enterotoxigenic E. coli, enterohaemorrhagic E. coli and enteroinvasive E. coli and Salmonella, Shigella, Campylobacter, Yersinia, and Vibrio cholerae. Multivariate analysis was employed to identify factors predisposing to MSK symptoms. New post-travel MSK symptoms reported by participants with DEC were assessed by phone interviews and, if needed, clinically confirmed.ResultsFrom among the total of 224 volunteers who returned all questionnaires and stool specimens, 38 (17.0%) reported MSK symptoms. Multivariate analysis revealed that acquisition of DEC was associated with MSK symptoms (OR 3.9; 95% CI 1.2 to 13.3). Of the 151 with only-DEC, four (2.6%) had ReA, two (1.3%) reactive tendinitis and three (2.0%) reactive arthralgia. ReA was mostly mild, and all patients with ReA were negative for human leucocyte antigen B27. Antibiotic treatment of travellers’ diarrhoea did not prevent development of MSK symptoms.ConclusionA total of 17% of volunteers reported post-travel MSK symptoms. DEC acquisition was associated with an increased risk of developing them, yet the ReA incidence remained low and the clinical picture mild. Antibiotic treatment did not protect against development of MSK symptoms.

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